BASIC LITERATURE:美国学生现代英语文学读本(英文原版 第3册)(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)


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作者:威廉·H.爱尔森,露娜·朗克尔

出版社:天津人民出版社

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BASIC LITERATURE:美国学生现代英语文学读本(英文原版 第3册)

BASIC LITERATURE:美国学生现代英语文学读本(英文原版 第3册)试读:

图书在版编目(C I P)数据美国学生现代英语文学读本 = BASIC LITERATURE :全8册 / (美) 威廉·H.爱尔森, (美) 露娜·朗克尔著 .-- 天津 : 天津人民出版社, 2019.6ISBN 978-7-201-14681-2Ⅰ. ①美⋯ Ⅱ. ①威⋯ ②露⋯ Ⅲ. ①英语-阅读教学-高等学校-教材②世界文学-文学欣赏 Ⅳ.①H319.4:I中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字(2019)第083716号(全8册)美国学生现代英语文学读本BASIC LITERATURE(美) 威廉·H.爱尔森, (美) 露娜·朗克尔 著出 版 天津人民出版社出 版 人 刘 庆地 址 天津市和平区西康路35号康岳大厦邮政编码 300051邮购电话 (022)23332469网 址 http://www.tjrmcbs.com电子信箱 tjrmcbs@126.com责任编辑 伍绍东封面设计 刘 亿内文制作 刘增工作室(电话:13521101105)制版印刷 三河市人民印务有限公司经 销 新华书店开 本 787×1092毫米 1/16印 张 160插 页 600插页字 数 1500千字版次印次 2019年6月第1版 2019年6月第1次印刷定 价 458.00元版权所有 侵权必究图书如出现印装质量问题,请致电联系调换(022-23332469)1 THE HARE AND THE HEDGEHOGThe Rude Little HareOne summer morning a little hedgehog was sitting at the door of his home. He was a merry little fellow who wished everybody to be happy.“I think I’ll just run over to the field and take a look at our turnips.” he said to his wife.“I hope you won’t meet any of those rude hares,” said little Mrs. Hedgehog, “Yesterday they were in their cabbage patch when our little ones and I walked by. They laughed at our short legs, and said it must be stupid to be so slow.”“Do not mind them, my dear. A hedgehog is as good as a hare any day. I’ll be back soon.” said the little hedgehog as he started off.Just as he reached the turnip field he met a little hare. Now the hare thought himself a very fine fellow, indeed, because he could run like the wind. He was proud and ill-tempered, too.When the little hedgehog saw the hare, he said in his pleasantest manner, “Good morning, Neighbour Hare.”The hare did not answer his polite greeting, but said in a very rude manner, “Why are you in the fields so early this morning?”“Oh, I’m just taking a walk.” answered the little hedgehog pleasantly.“Taking a walk!” said the hare with a laugh, “What fun can it be to walk with such queer, short legs? I saw your wife and little ones yesterday, and I thought I should die laughing at them.”This rude speech made the little hedgehog very angry. “I suppose you think your long legs are much better than my short ones,” he said, “But if you will run a race with me, I’ll show you that my legs are quite as good as yours.”“That sounds like a joke,” said the hare, “But I’ll race with you right now. We’ll race down the furrows between your fine turnips. You run in one furrow and I’ll run in another, and we shall soon see who will reach the other end first. We may as well start at once, and get the race over.”“Not so fast,” said the hedgehog, “I must go home and get some breakfast first. In half an hour I’ll be here again.”The hare said that he would wait for him, and the hedgehog started home. “That rude hare is too proud of his long legs,” said the little hedgehog to himself, “I’ll teach him that it does not pay to boast.”The RaceWhen he reached home he found his wife, and asked her to help him play a joke on the hare. On the way to the turnip field he told her just what he wanted her to do. “You must hide at the far end of the furrow,” he said, “Just before the hare reaches there you must pop your head up and say, ‘I am here first!’ You and I look so much alike that the hare will think I have beaten him.”The hedgehog’s wife laughed and laughed at the joke they would play on the proud hare.Soon they reached the field, and the little hedgehog placed his wife at the far end of the furrow. Then he went to the other end, where he found the hare waiting for him.“Let’s start at once.” said the proud hare, “and get this foolish race over.”“I am quite ready.” said the little hedgehog as he took his place in his furrow.The hare hopped to the next furrow and took his place. Then he counted, “One, two, three, go!” and away he went like the wind.The little hedgehog ran only a few steps and then he lay quite still among the leaves. The hare thought that the hedgehog was still running.Just before the hare reached the far end of his furrow, the hedgehog’s wife popped up her head and said, “I am here first!”The hare stood still in wonder. “Well, this is strange!” he said.“Not strange at all,” said the hedgehog’s wife.“Let’s race back,” said the little hare, “You cannot beat me again.”“I’m very willing.” said the hedgehog’s wife.So the hare turned quickly and ran back through his furrow even faster than at first.But just before he reached the other end, the little hedgehog popped up his head and said, “I am here first!”“I can’t understand this at all.” said the surprised hare.“It’s just as simple as A, B, C,” said the hedgehog.“Well, let’s try again.” said the hare.“As often as you please,” said the little hedgehog, “I feel just as fresh as when we started.”“One, two, three!” said the hare, and he was off. But when he reached the other end, the hedgehog’s wife put up her head and said, “Well, I am here first again! Neighbour Hare, you begin to look tired.”The hare did not answer her, but started back again. Up and down his furrow he went, just seventy-three times, but each time one hedgehog or the other said, “I am here first!”At last the hare was too tired to run any more, so he hopped slowly and sadly away.The little hedgehogs laughed and laughed as they ate a fine juicy turnip. “Brains are better than legs, my dear.” said the happy little hedgehog to his happy little wife.( Grimm )hare: an animal similar to a rabbitill-tempered: not nice to othersboast: to say one is better than othersA) Answer the following questions.1) Why did the hedgehog think the hares were rude?2) How did the hare make the hedgehog angry?3) What did the hedgehog say he would teach the hare?4) What did the hedgehog mean when he said that brains are better than legs?5) Why do you think this is such a popular folk tale?B) What’s the word? Using the clues, write the correct words from the story.1) a kind of animal with short legs - h _ _ _ _ _ _ _2) a kind of vegetable similar to a pumpkin - t _ _ _ _ _3) a trench in the Earth made by a plow - f _ _ _ _ _4) someone who lives near you - n _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _5) happy, cheerful - m _ _ _ _C) True, False, or Not Given — Write T (true), F (false), or NG (not given) for each sentence.1) _____ The hedgehog and the hare were good friends.2) _____ The hedgehog could run faster than the hare.3) _____ The hedgehog’s wife looked very similar to him.4) _____ The hare’s wife looked very similar to him.5) _____ At the end of the story, the hare was very tired.2 OLD HORSES KNOW BESTOnce an old horse and a young horse were going down a hill. Each horse was drawing a cart piled high with jars and dishes. The old horse went down so slowly and carefully that the young horse laughed at him.“How slowly you walk!” he said, “That would do if you were going up-hill, but this is down-hill. I’ll show you how to go down in a hurry.”Then the young horse started quickly down the hill. The heavy cart rolled after him, and pushed against him so hard that he had to go faster and faster.On he went, over stones and ruts! At last the horse and the cart and all the jars and dishes went tumbling into a ditch. The young horse looked at the over-turned cart and the broken dishes.“I see that I have some things to learn yet,” he said, “Old horses know best, after all.”( Russian Tale )drawing: pullingtumbling: fallingrut: a well-worn pathA) Answer the following questions.1) What were the two horses doing?2) Why did the old horse go down the hill slowly?3) What happened to the young horse and his cart?4) What did the young horse learn from the accident?5) Have you ever gotten into trouble because you thought you knew better than an older person. Tell about it.B) Fill in the blanks — Complete each sentence with a word from the story.1) Both horses were pulling a _________.2) The young horse was in too much of a ___________.3) The young horse caused many things to be __________.4) The young horse realized that old horses know _________.5) The old horse walked very _________.C) Word groups — complete the following word groups with words from the story.1) mountain, slope, h _ _ _                         2) quickly, fast, h _ _ _ _3) plates, bowls, d _ _ _ _ _                       4) pony, donkey, h _ _ _ _5) rocks, boulders, s _ _ _ _ _3 THE MISEROnce upon a time there was a miser who hid his gold at the foot of a tree in his garden. Every week he dug it up and looked at it.One night a robber dug up the gold and ran away with it. The next morning, when the miser came to look at his treasure, he found only the empty hole.Then he raised such a cry of sorrow that the neighbours ran to find out what the trouble was. In great grief, he told them of his loss.“Did you ever use any of the gold?” asked one of his neighbours.“No,” answered the miser, “but I looked at it every week.”“Then come every week and look at the hole,” said the neighbour, “That will do you just as much good as to look at the gold.”( Æsop )miser: a person who doesn’t like to spend moneyrobber: someone who steals money and other valuablessorrow: sadnessgrief: extreme sadnessA) Answer the following questions.1) Where did the miser hide his gold?2) What happened to the miser’s gold?3) What did the neighbour ask the miser?4) What advice did the neighbour give the miser?5) Do you think the neighbour gave good advice? Why or why not?B) True, False, or Not Given — Read the following sentences carefully. Write T (true), F (false), or NG (not given) for each.1) _____ Misers are very generous to other people.2) _____ The miser used to dig up his gold every month.3) _____ The miser spend a lot of his gold.4) _____ The miser is going to look at the hole every week.5) _____ The miser knows who the robber is.C) What should he do? The miser is very sad because he lost all his gold. In two or three sentences, give him some advice._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4 THE DOG AND THE HORSEA dog and a horse once lived in the same farmyard. In the spring the fields around the farm were green with grain; in summer they were yellow with ripening wheat; in autumn they were brown with the harvest.As the neighbours passed by this farm, they always said, “Stefan has a fine farm. He is a lucky man.”One day, when the dog heard these words, he said to the horse, “Of course Stefan has a fine farm. That is because I work so hard. In the day-time I keep the cattle out of the fields of grain. At night I guard the house and barns so that thieves cannot enter.“But what do you do? I have never seen you do anything but plow, or draw a cart; and you sleep all night. The farm could get along without you.”“What you say about yourself is true,” answered the horse, “You do keep the cattle out of the fields of grain, and you do guard the barns and the house at night. But did you ever stop to think that if I did not plow the fields, there would be no grain here for you to guard?“Stefan would have no wheat and oats and barley in his barns. He would not need to keep a watchdog, and you would have no home. Perhaps I had better live in the farmyard a little longer. What do you think about it now?”And for once, the dog had nothing to say.( Russian Tale )harvest: the time when fruit and vegetables are ready to be pickedgrain: seed from a cereal grassguard: to protect againstA) Answer the following questions.1) What did the neighbours say about Stefan’s farm?2) Why did the dog think he was so important to Stefan’s farm?3) After the horse spoke, why did the dog have nothing to say?4) Who do you think is more helpful to the farmer — the dog or the horse? Why?5) What mistake did the dog make?B) What’s the word? Using the clues, write the correct words from the story.1) a kind of cereal grain - w _ _ _ _2) a kind of dog who makes sure things aren’t stolen - w _ _ _ _ _ _ _3) people who steal things - t _ _ _ _ _ _4) a place where farm animals live - b _ _ _5) another word for fall a _ _ _ _ _C) Word Groups — Complete the following word groups with words in the story.1) wheat, oats, b _ _ _ _ _                                2) autumn, spring, s _ _ _ _ _3) horse, cow, c _ _ _ _ _                                4) green, yellow, b _ _ _ _5) fields, orchards, f _ _ _ _ _ _ _5 THE FOX AND THE CROWOnce upon a time a crow, with a piece of cheese in her beak, was sitting in a tree. A fox saw her and thought, “How good that cheese looks!”So he walked up to the foot of the tree and called out, “Good morning, Madam Crow! How beautiful your feathers are! I am sure that you have a fine voice, too. Will you not sing a song for me?”The crow was so pleased at this praise that she began to “caw”. But the moment she opened her mouth to sing, the cheese fell to the ground.“You need not sing any more, Madam Crow,” said the fox, snapping up the cheese. “All that I wanted was the cheese.”“How foolish I was to let him flatter me!” said the crow.( Æsop )crow: a small black birdbeak: the mouth of a birdsnapping up: taking something very quicklyA) Answer the following questions.1) What was the fox’s plan for getting the cheese from the crow?2) Did the fox’s plan work well?3) What did the crow learn?4) Do you think the crow will trust the fox again? Why or why not?5) The fox is a very tricky animal. What are some other animals that are supposed to be tricky?B) Describing words — adjectives are words that describe nouns. For example, we could say the fox is ‘vocal’. Think of three adjectives to describe the fox and the crow.fox                        crow1.                           1.2.                           2.3.                           3.C) True, False, or Not Given — Read these sentences carefully. Write T (true), F (false), or NG (not given) for each.1) _____ The fox and the crow are friends.2) _____ The fox can sing very well.3) _____ Cheese is the fox’s favourite food.4) _____ The fox saved the cheese for later.5) _____ Crows are usually very good at singing.6 THE CLOWN AND THE FARMEROnce a clown at a circus made a noise so much like a pig’s squeal that he fooled the people.Just then a farmer called out, “That does not sound like a pig’s squeal! Tomorrow I will show you what a pig’s squeal is like.”The people laughed at him, but the next day he came back, put his head down, and pretended to squeal. At once the people shouted, “That does not sound like a pig!”“Ha! Ha! Ha!” laughed the farmer, holding out a little pig which he had hidden behind him. “You do not know a pig’s squeal when you hear it.”( Old Tale )squeal: a high pitched noise made by a pigcircus: a travelling show that has animals doing tricks, etcAnswer the following questions.1) Who made a noise that sounded more like a pig - the clown or the farmer?2) Why do you think the people thought the farmer did not sound like a pig?3) What can we learn from this story?4) What other farm animals do you think could have been used in this story?5) Can you make any noises that sound like animals? What are they?7 WHY THE RABBIT’S TAIL IS SHORTOnce upon a time the rabbit’s tail was long, but now it is short. And this is how it happened.A rabbit one day sat by a swamp, looking at the juicy plants on the other side. They were the only things to eat that he could see. He wanted to cross the swamp, but he could not swim.Just then a lazy old alligator poked his nose above the water. “I might ask him to take me across,” said the rabbit to himself, “But I am afraid that he is too proud to carry me, because he can walk and swim, too. Perhaps I can get across the swamp by playing a trick upon him. I will try it.”“You look warm, Friend Rabbit,” said the alligator, “Why don’t you come into the water? It is cool here.” Now the alligator knew very well that the rabbit could not swim.“I am not warm at all,” said the rabbit, “but I am a little hungry. You see, there are a great many rabbits in the world. There are hundreds and hundreds of them. So, of course, it takes a great many green leaves to feed us. Oh, yes! Friend Alligator, we are a very large family. There are many more rabbits than alligators.”“How foolish you are!” cried the alligator, angrily. “Why, there are thousands and thousands of alligators in the world! There are more than a hundred alligators in this swamp! Can you find a hundred rabbits in the woods?”“Certainly I can!” said the rabbit, “I’ll count the alligators, and then you may count the rabbits. Call the alligators together. Make a line of them across the swamp so that I can hop out upon their backs and count them.”So the old alligator called and called. Up from the swamp came alligators, big ones and little ones. The old alligator made them into a line right across the swamp, just like a bridge.“Now count them, Friend Rabbit,” he said, “If there are not more than a hundred alligators here, you may eat me!”The rabbit hopped upon the alligator-bridge. As he went from one to another, he counted them, “One, two, three, four, five.” and so on, up to a hundred. Yes! There were more than a hundred.By the time he had counted the last alligator, the sly rabbit was on the other side of the swamp.“I’ll call the rabbits together some other day, when I am not so hungry,” he called back to the old alligator. “Good-bye! Who is foolish now?” he said with a laugh.But the rabbit laughed too soon. For one of the alligators caught the end of the rabbit’s tail in his great jaws, and bit it off.Since then rabbits’ tails have always been short.( Old Southern Tale )swamp: a spongy wetlandafraid: scaredsly: trickyA) Answer the following questions.1) Why did the rabbit want to cross the swamp?2) Why did the rabbit say the alligator was too proud to carry him across the swamp?3) How do we know that the rabbit is sly?4) What mistake did the rabbit make after he got across the swamp?5) What lesson can we learn from this story?B) Opposites — Write the opposites to these words in the story.1) thirsty - h _ _ _ _ _                          2) long - s _ _ _ _3) cold - w _ _ _                                   4) smart - f _ _ _ _ _ _5) fronts - b _ _ _ _C) True, False, or Not Given — Read these sentences carefully. Write T (true), F (false), or NG (not given) for each.1) _____ The rabbit carefully counted the alligators.2) _____ The rabbit made the alligators angry.3) _____ The rabbit had a long tail.4) _____ The rabbit was very thirsty.5) _____ The rabbit found food on the other side of the swamp.8 THE SIMPLETONACT ITime — Long AgoPlace — A Country RoadPersonsSimpletonFirst Farmer                   Second Farmer[Simpleton walks along, jingling money in his pocket. He meets First Farmer with a basket.]SIMPLETON. Good-day, Sir! What is in your basket ?FIRST FARMER. [Rudely.] Nothing for you![Simpleton walks away, jingling his money.]FIRST FARMER. [Calling after Simpleton.] What is that noise I hear?SIMPLETON. [Stopping] Oh, that is just my money, jingling.FIRST FARMER. How did you get money enough to make such a merry sound?SIMPLETON. Oh, my brothers gave me twenty pieces

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