作者：圣才电子书
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华中农业大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解试读：
2015年华中农业大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in (Chinese, with one point for each. (30’)
1．L/C【答案】信用证 (Letter of Credit)
2．COO【答案】首席运营官 (Chief Operating Officer)
3．IMF【答案】国际货币基金组织 (International Monetary Fund)
4．direct selling【答案】直销
5．five percent discount【答案】九五折
6．gross domestic product【答案】国内生产总值
7．Ebola epidemic【答案】埃博拉疫情
8．intangible cultural heritage【答案】非物质文化遗产
9．International Customs Union【答案】世界关税同盟
10．brown paper【答案】牛皮纸
11．symbolism of Red Sorghum【答案】《红高粱》的象征意义
12．the 150th anniversary of Abraham Lincoln’s assassination【答案】亚伯拉罕•林肯遇刺150周年纪念日
13．horticulture exports【答案】园艺产品出口
14．sandy desertification【答案】沙漠化
15．transgenic crops【答案】转基因作物
16．点赞【答案】give somebody thumbs up
17．保险单【答案】insurance policy
18．错峰旅行【答案】off-peak travel
19．装船须知【答案】shipping instructions
20．恶性循环【答案】vicious circle
21．农业工程【答案】agricultural engineering
22．畜牧养殖【答案】livestock breeding
23．机械制造【答案】machine manufacturing
24．发行债券【答案】issue bonds
25．销售确认书【答案】sales confirmation
26．“光盘”行动【答案】Clean Plate Campaign
27．发挥想象力【答案】display imagination
28．加强宪法实施【答案】promote the enforcement of the constitution
29．采用国际惯例【答案】adopt international practice
30．推进政务公开【答案】increase transparency in government operations
II. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English. (120')
Source Text 1
The word “economy” signifies the rule by which the house should be ordered, especially with reference to the relation between expenditure and income. Economy, as we understand the term, may be displayed in three several ways: by limiting the number of wants, by preventing waste, and by the adjustment of forces in such a manner as to make a little represent a great deal. In each of these ways the Chinese are pre-eminently economical.
One of the first things which impress the traveler in China is the extremely simple diet of the people. The vast bulk of the population seems to depend upon a few articles, such as rice, beans in various preparations, millet, garden vegetables, and fish. These, with a few other things, form the staple of countless millions, supplemented it may be on the feast-days, or other special occasions, with a bit of meat.
Now that so much attention is given in Western lands to the contrivance of ways in which to furnish nourishing food to the very poor, at a minimum cost, it is not without interest to learn the undoubted fact that, in ordinary years, it is in China quite possible to furnish wholesome food in abundant quantity at a cost for each adult of not more than two cents a day. Even in famine times, thousands of persons have been kept alive for months on an allowance of not more than a cent and a half a day. This implies the general existence in China of a high degree of skill in the preparation of food. Poor and coarse as their food often is, insipid and even repulsive as it not infrequently seems to the foreigner, it is impossible not to recognize the fact that, in the cooking and serving of what they have, the Chinese are past-masters of the culinary art. In this particular, Mr. Wingrove Cooke ranked them below the French, and above the English. Whether they are really below any one of these nationalities we are by no means so certain as Mr. Cooke may have been, but their superiority to some of them is beyond dispute. (350 words)
[Annotation] contrivance 发明，设计【参考译文】“节俭”这个词，意味着治家原则，特别是收支关系。按照我们的理解，节俭表现在以下三个不同的方面：限制需求，杜绝浪费，以这样的方式调节经济，少花钱，多办事。照这三方面衡量，中国人是异常节俭的。
到中国的旅行者最初的印象之一，是中国人的饮食极端俭朴。众多的人口似乎仅仅依赖种类很少的食品维生，诸如稻米、各类豆制品、谷子、蔬菜和鱼。这些食品，和其他一些很少的东西，构成亿万人的主要食物，只是过节或逢有特殊事情，才加一点儿肉。
现在，很多人注意到西方世界设法为穷人提供价廉物美的食品，但是也不能不关注这样一个无可置疑的事实，那就是在平常年景，中国能够以每天不到两分钱的价格为每个成年人提供足够量的营养食品。甚至在饥荒年月，成千上万的人连续数月以一天价值不到一分半钱的定量分配维持生命。这表明中国的烹饪技术普遍达到了高水平。虽然对于外国人来说，似乎经常觉得中国人的食物是低劣、粗糙、乏味甚至倒胃口的，然而却不能不承认在饮食和服务方面，中国人是有经验的烹调师。在这一点上，温格洛夫·库克先生把中国人排在法国人之下，英国人之上。中国人是否应排在任何一个国家之下，我们决不像库克先生那样确定，不过他们在一些国家之上却是无可争议的。
Source Text 2
经过改革开放，中国的面貌已焕然一新。北京奥运会向世界展示的，就是这样一个古老、多彩和现代的中国。我希望朋友们多到中国走一走、看一看，了解今天的中国人究竟在想什么、做什么、关心什么。这有助于你们认识一个真实的、不断发展变化着的中国，也有助于你们了解中国是如何应对当前这场全球性金融危机的。
在这场前所未有的世界金融危机中，中国和包括英国在内的欧洲都受到严重冲击。现在危机尚未见底，由此可能带来的各种严重后果还难以预料。合作应对、共渡难关，是我们的首要任务。
中国政府主张：第一，要首先办好各国自己的事情，不把麻烦推给别人；第二，要精诚合作，不搞以邻为壑；第三，要标本兼治，不能头疼医头、脚疼医脚。我在达沃斯会议上已重申，应该对国际货币金融体系进行必要的改革，建立公平、公正、包容、有序的国际金融新秩序，努力营造有利于全球经济发展的制度环境。(360 words)
[注释]达沃斯Davos【参考译文】
Thanks to reform and opening-up, China has taken on a new look. What the Beijing Olympic Games showcased is a colorful China, both ancient and modern. I therefore encourage you to visit China more often and see more places there. This way, you will better understand what the Chinese people are thinking and doing, and what they are interested in. You will get to know the true China, a country constantly developing and changing. You will also better appreciate how China has been tackling the ongoing global financial crisis.
This unprecedented financial crisis has inflicted a severe impact on both China and Britain as well as other European countries. The crisis has not yet hit the bottom, and it is hard to predict what further damage it may cause. To work together and tide over the difficulties has become our top priority.
The Chinese Government maintains that countries should: first and foremost, run their own affairs well and refrain from shifting troubles onto others; second, carry out cooperation with full sincerity and avoid pursuing one's own interests at the expense of others; and third, address both the symptoms and the root cause of the problem. A palliative approach will not work. We should not treat only the head when the head aches, and the foot when the foot hurts. As I reiterated at the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos, necessary reform of the international monetary and financial systems should be carried out to establish a new international financial order that is fair, equitable, inclusive and well-managed. We should create an institutional environment conducive to global economic growth.
试读结束[说明：试读内容隐藏了图片]