作者：朱奋梅,王薇
出版社：浙江教育出版社
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
高考英语真题分类阅读200篇试读：
前言
“得阅读者得天下”，阅读理解是高考英语试题的重中之重，是考生获得高分的关键。鉴于此，本书编者集十多年的教学、教研及多次高考阅卷的经验，认真搜集、整理了最近几年全国各地的高考英语试题，分析了阅读理解试题的命题规律、考查重点、试题类型，按照人物传记
、历史地理、文化、广告、科普、故事、社会、心理、新闻报道等类别将考题分为九大类，精选200篇高考阅读真题，力图将每一类试题全方位、多侧面地展现出来，使学生对高考英语可能涉及的试题类型有全面深入的了解，进而在更高的层次上把握好高考阅读试题。为了帮助学生轻松闯关，更好地了解高考对知识与能力的要求，熟悉题型特点，本书编者除了详细地进行试题解析外，还深入地解读了每篇阅读试题的重点词汇和疑难长句，使学生在解题的同时掌握更多信息，更加充分地利用高考试题，在融会贯通的基础上实现知识和能力的升华。
本书的阅读试题解析按照如下体例编写：【重点词汇】
根据《教学大纲》的要求，总结和归纳出现频率较高但又容易混淆或易被学生忽略的单词和短语，强化学生的词汇基础，提高学生应对较高难度的阅读试题的能力。【疑难长句】
根据试题的内容和特点筛选出难度较高或容易误解的句子，提供相应的参考译文，帮助学生更好地理解语句，准确把握全文，进而提升理解能力。【答案解析】
提供试题的标准答案。对试题进行准确归纳和精确剖析，引导学生熟悉解题要领，逐渐掌握解题技巧，从而提高学生的解题能力和答题速度。
由于编者的水平和时间有限，本书难免存在缺点和不足，我们真诚欢迎读者提出批评和建议，以利我们改进。编者人物传记Passage 1（2017 浙江 A）
benjamin West, the father of american painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.but he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days,a brush was made from camel's hair.There were no camels nearby.benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.
The brush did not last long.Soon benjamin needed more fur.before long, the cat began to look ragged（蓬乱）.His father said that the cat must be sick.benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.
The cat's lot was about to improve.That year, one of benjamin's cousins, Mr.Pennington, came to visit.He was impressed with benjamin's drawings.When he went home, he sent benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.He also sent six engravings （版画）by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes benjamin had ever seen.
In 1747, when benjamin was nine years old, Mr.Pennington returned for another visit.He was amazed at what benjamin had done with his gift.He asked benjamin's parents if he might take the boy to Philadelphia for a visit.
In the city, Mr.Pennington gave benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.The boy began a landscape（风景）painting.William Williams,a well-known painter, came to see him work.Williams was impressed with benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.The books were long and dull.benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student.but he later said, “Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.”While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.
1.What is the text mainly about?
A. benjamin's visit to Philadelphia.
B. Williams' influence on benjamin.
C. The beginning of benjamin's life as an artist.
D. The friendship between benjamin and Pennington.
2.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?
A. The cat would be closely watched.
B. The cat would get some medical care.
C. benjamin would leave his home shortly.
D. benjamin would have real brushes soon.
3.What did Pennington do to help benjamin develop his talent?
A. He took him to see painting exhibitions.
B. He provided him with painting materials.
C. He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.
D. He taught him how to make engravings.
4.Williams' two books helped benjamin to ______.
A. master the use of paints
B. appreciate landscape paintings
C. get to know other painters
D. make up his mind to be a painter【重点词汇】
talent n.天资，才能；天才，人才
last v.保持可用状态；持续
cousin n.堂（或表）兄弟姐妹
lot n.命运，运气
impress v.给……以深刻印象；使铭记
oil painting 油画
classic book 经典著作，经典书目
dull adj.枯燥无味的；沉闷的；无聊的
companion n.同伴；伙伴
pillow n.枕头；垫子
classical painting n.古典绘画【疑难长句】
1.Williams was impressed with benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.
本句是一个双谓语并列句，第一个谓语是被动语态，第二个谓语是动宾结构，其中宾语为双宾语，整个句子结构比较清晰。（参考译文）本杰明给威廉姆斯留下了深刻的印象，威廉姆斯送给他两本有关绘画的经典著作，让他带回家去看。
2.While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings.
本句包含一个由while引导的让步状语从句，从句中又包含一个由that引导的主语从句。（参考译文）尽管他可能基本上看不懂这些书，但它们却是他古典绘画的启蒙。Passage 2（2016 全国 I A）
You probably know who Marie curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane addams （1860—1935）
anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community （社区）by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, addams became the first american woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel carson （1907—1964）
If it weren't for Rachel carson, the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.
Sandra day O'connor （1930—present）
When Sandra day O'connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an arizona state senator （参议员）and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S.Supreme court.O'connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks （1913—2005）
On december 1,1955, in Montgomery, alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.but it also set off the Montgmery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement.“The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,”said Parks.
1.What is Jane addams noted for in history?
A. Her social work.
B. Her lack of proper training in law.
C. Her efforts to win a prize.
D. Her community background.
2.What is the reason for O'connor's being rejected by the law firm?
A. Her lack of proper training in law.
B. Her little work experience in court.
C. The discrimination against women.
D. The poor financial conditions.
3.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?
A. Jane addams.
B. Rachel carson.
C. Sandra day O'connor.
D. Rosa Parks.
4.What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?
A. They are highly educated.
B. They are truly creative.
C. They are pioneers.
D. They are peace-lovers.【重点词汇】
encourage v.鼓励
community n.社区
promote v.促进，提升
raise v.提高；筹集；升起
awareness n.意识，认识；明白，知道
land v.使……陷于
boycott n.联合抵制，拒绝参加
kick off 开始；开球
reject v.拒绝
discrimination n.歧视
financial condition 经济条件【疑难长句】
1.Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane addams to thank.
who引导的定语从句who has ever been helped by a social worker 做anyone的后置定语。整句话的主语是anyone，谓语是has。（参考译文）被社会工作者帮助过的人都应该感谢Jane addams。
2.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.
第一个and引导的是并列结构，即…raise awareness of the dangers of pollution和 （raise awareness of） the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans。（参考译文）她1962年出版的畅销书籍《沉默的春天》提高了人们对于污染的危害的意识以及化学物质对人类、世界的湖泊和海洋有危害作用的意识。Passage 3（2015 安徽 B）
When her five daughters were young, Helene an always told them that there was strength in unity （团结）.To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing one person.Then she easily broke it into two pieces.Next, she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family.She showed the girls it was hard to break the tied chopsticks.This lesson about family unity stayed with the daughters as they grew up.
Helene an and her family own a large restaurant business in california. However, when Helene and her husband danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didn’t have much money.They moved their family to San Francisco.There they joined danny’s mother, diana, who owned a small Italian sandwich shop.Soon afterwards, Helene and diana changed the sandwich shop into a small Vietnamese restaurant.The five daughters helped in the restaurant when they were young.However, Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because she thought it was too hard.
Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves, but one by one, the daughters returned to work in the family business.They opened new restaurants in San Francisco and Los angeles.Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other, they worked together to make the business successful.daughter Elizabeth explains, “Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have unity, and to have unity we must have peace.Without the strength of the family, there is no business.”
Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996, with three generations of ans working together.Now the ans’ corporation makes more than $20 million each year.Although they began with a small restaurant, they had big dreams, and they worked together.Now they are a big success.
1.Helene tied several chopsticks together to show ______.
A. the strength of family unity
B. the difficulty of growing up
C. the advantage of chopsticks
D. the best way of giving a lesson
2.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that the an family ______.
A. started a business in 1975
B. left Vietnam without much money
C. bought a restaurant in San Francisco
D. opened a sandwich shop in Los angeles
3.What can we infer about the an daughters?
A. They did not finish their college education.
B. They could not bear to work in the family business.
C. They were influenced by what Helene taught them.
D. They were troubled by disagreement among family members.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the Passage?
A. How to Run a corporation
B. Strength comes from Peace
C. How to achieve a big dreamd. Family Unity builds Success【重点词汇】
strength n.力量；优点，长处
hold up 举起；支撑
chopstick n.筷子
represent v.代表；象征；扮演；作为……代表
tie v.（用线、绳等）系；（在线、绳上）打结；连接
Vietnam n.越南
Vietnamese adj.越南的，越南人的
eventually adv.终于，最后
expanding adj.扩大的；扩展的
corporation n.公司
generation n.一代人【疑难长句】
1.Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves, but one by one, the daughters returned to work in the family business.
本句由两个独立的并列句组成，由but连接，表明前句和后句是转折关系。 one by one是后句的修饰状语，意为“一个接一个，先后”。（参考译文）女儿们最终都大学毕业并且找到了自己的工作，不过，她们又都先后回到了家族企业工作。
2.daughter Elizabeth explains,“Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have unity, and to have unity we must have peace.Without the strength of the family, there is no business.”
本句的理解难点为直接宾语从句，从句由两个独立句组成，前一个独立句结构相对复杂，Our mother taught us that…后面引导了间接宾语从句，to succeed和to have unity均为从句的目的状语。（参考译文）女儿伊丽莎白解释说：“妈妈教育我们：要想获得成功，我们必须团结；而要想团结，我们必须和睦相处。没有家庭的力量，生意无从谈起。”Passage 4（2014 山东 C）
Elizabeth Freeman was born about 1742 to african american parents who were slaves.At the age of six months she was acquired, along with her sister, by John ashley,a wealthy Massachusetts slaveholder.She became known as “Mumbet”or “Mum bett.”
For nearly 30 years Mumbet served the ashley family.One day, ashley's wife tried to strike Mumbet's sister with a spade.Mumbet protected her sister and took the blow instead. Furious, she left the house and refused to come back.When the ashleys tried to make her return, Mumbet consulted a lawyer, Theodore Sedgewick.With his help, Mumbet sued （起诉）for her freedom.
While serving the ashleys, Mumbet had listened to many discussions of the new Massachusetts constitution.If the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her.Eventually, Mumbet won her freedom—the first slave in Massachusetts to do so under the new constitution.
Str angely enough, after the trial, the ashleys asked Mumbet to come back and work for them as a paid employee.She declined and instead went to work for Segdewick.Mumbet died in 1829, but her legacy lived on in her many descendants （后裔）.One of her great-grandchildren was W.E.
B. du bois, one of the founders of the NaacP, and an important writer and spokesperson for african american civil rights.
Mumbet's tombstone still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she was buried. It reads, in part: “She was born a slave and remained a slave for nearly thirty years.She could neither read nor write, yet in her own sphere she had no superior or equal.”
1.What do we know about Mumbet according to Paragraph 1?
A. She was born a slave.
B. She was a slaveholder.
C. She had a famous sister.
D. She was born into a rich family.
2.Why did Mumbet run away from the ashleys?
A. She found an employer.
B. She wanted to be a lawyer.
C. She was hit and got angry.
D. She had to take care of her sister.
3.What did Mumbet learn from discussions about the new consititution?
A. She should always obey her owners' orders.
B. She should be as free and equal as whites.
C. How to be a good servant.
D. How to apply for a job.
4.What did Mumbet do after the trial?
A. She chose to work for a lawyer.
B. She founded the NaacP.
C. She continued to serve the ashleys.
D. She went to live with her grandchildren.
5.What is the text mainly about?
A. a story of a famous writer and spokesperson.
B. The friendship between a lawyer and a slave.
C. The life of a brave african american woman.
D. a trial that shocked the whole world.【重点词汇】
acquire v.获得，取得；购得；学到
slaveholder n.奴隶所有者，奴隶主
strike v.击打
spade n.铁锹，铲子
blow n.重击；吹
furious adj.盛怒的，暴怒的
consult v.咨询，请教
constitution n.宪法
apply to 适用于trial n.庭审
decline v.婉拒，谢绝
legacy n.遗赠；遗产
spokesperson n.代言人；发言人
civil rights 公民权利；民事权利
tombstone n.墓碑
cemetery n.陵园，墓地
sphere n.（社会地位等相同的）人群，阶层；（活动等的）范围，领域
superior n.上级；地位更高的人【疑难长句】
1.At the age of six months she was acquired, along with her sister, by John ashley,a wealthy Massachusetts slaveholder.
本句结构较为清晰，是一个被动语句，中间加了一个修饰状语along with her sister。（参考译文）在她6个月大的时候，她和她的妹妹一起被马萨诸塞州一个富有的奴隶主John ashley 买走了。
2.It reads, in part:“She was born a slave and remained a slave for nearly thirty years.She could neither read nor write, yet in her own sphere she had no superior or equal.”
本句的主要内容是宾语从句部分。因为是墓志铭，所以句子的修饰意味较浓。（参考译文）她的墓志铭中有一段这样写道：“她生而为奴，并这样成长了近30年。她不会读写，但在她的生活中，人没有尊卑之分，她的成就也无人能及。”Passage 5（2012 安徽 C）
When Frida Kahlo's paintings were on show in London,a poet described her paintings as “a ribbon （丝带）around a bomb”.Such comments seem to suggest Kahlo had a big influence on the art world of her time.Sadly, she is actually a much bigger name today than she was during her time.
born in 1907 in a village near Mexico city, Kahlo suffered from polio （小儿麻痹症）at the age of seven.Her spine （脊柱）became bent as she grew older.Then, in 1925, her back was broken in several places in a school-bus accident.Throughout the rest of her life, the artist had many operations, but nothing was able to cure the terrible pain in her back.However, the accident had an unexpected side effect.While lying in her bed recovering, Kahlo taught herself to paint.
In 1929, she got married to diego Rivera, another famous Mexican artist.Rivera's strong influence on Kahlo's style can be seen in her early works, but her later works from the 1940s, known today as her best works, show less influence from her husband.
Unfortunately, her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and 1940s, even in her home country.Her first one-woman show in Mexico was not held until 1953.For more than a decade after her death in 1954, Kahlo's works remained largely unnoticed by the world, but in the 1970s her works began to gain international fame at last.
1.What does the phrase “a much bigger name”in Paragraph 1 most nearly mean?
A. a far better artist
B. a far more gifted artist
C. a much stronger person
D. a much more famous person
2.The terrible pain Kahlo suffered was caused by ______.
A. poliob. her bent spine
C. back injuries
D. the operations she had
3.Kahlo's style had become increasingly independent since the ______.
A. 1930s
B. 1940s
C. 1950s
D. 1970s
4.What is the author's attitude toward Kahlo?
A. devotion.
B. Sympathy.
C. Worry.
D. Encouragement.【重点词汇】
painting n.绘画（作品）；油画
describe v.形容；描写，描绘；叙述
comment n.评论；意见；注释
influence n.影响；势力 v.影响；感染
bent adj.弯曲的
side effect 副作用
recover v.恢复健康（或体力、能力等）
work n.（艺术家、作家、作曲家等的）作品；著作
attract attention 引起注意
decade n.十年【疑难长句】
1.Rivera's strong influence on Kahlo's style can be seen in her early works, but her later works from the 1940s, known today as her best works, show less influence from her husband.
该句是由but连接的并列句，前半句和后半句意思各自独立，二者间存在转折关系。（参考译文）里韦拉对卡洛画风的巨大影响能够从卡洛的早期作品中看到，但是她20世纪40年代以后的作品，也就是如今公认的她最好的作品，所反映出的她丈夫对她的影响则较少。
2.For more than a decade after her death in 1954, Kahlo's works remained largely unnoticed by the world, but in the 1970s her works began to gain international fame at last.
该句也是由but连接的并列句，前半句中for引导时间状语，remain作为系动词构建了主系表结构，后半句时间状语前置，句子结构相对简单。（参考译文）在她1954年去世之后的十多年里，卡洛的作品一直未能引起世人的关注，但到了20世纪70年代，她的作品终于开始蜚声国际。Passage 6（2011 陕西 B）
Most people know that Marie curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice.However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.
born in September, 1897, Irene curie was the first of the curies' two daughters.Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers.She finished her high school education at the college of Sévigné in Paris.
Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics.When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X-ray facilities（设备）to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.Irene continued the work by developing X-ray facilities in military hospitals in France and belgium.Her services were recognised in the form of a Military's Medal by the French government.
In 1918, Irene became her mother's assistant at the curie Institute.In december 1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taught him the techniques required for his work.They soon fell in love and were married in 1926.Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later.
Like her mother, Irene combined family and career.Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935.Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity（辐射能）.Irene Joliot-curie died from leukemia on March 17, 1956.
1.Why was Irene curie awarded a Military Medal?
A. because she received a degree in mathematics.
B. because she contributed to saving the wounded.
C. because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic.
D. because she worked as a helper to her mother.
2.Where did Irene curie meet her husband Frederic Joliot?
A. at the curie Institute.
B. at the University of Paris.
C. at a military hospital.
D. at the college of Sévigné.
3.When was the second child of Irene curie and Frederic Joliot born?
A. In 1932.
B. In 1927.
C. In 1897.
D. In 1926.
4.In which of the following aspects was Irene curie different from her mother?
A. Irene worked with radioactivity.
B. Irene combined family and career.
C. Irene won the Nobel Prize once.
D. Irene died from leukemia.【重点词汇】
along with 与……一起
facility n.设备，设施
recognise v.认可
assistant n.助手
technique n.技术
require v.要求，规定
combine v.（使）联合
award v.授予，奖给
leukemia n.白血病
radioactivity n.辐射能【疑难长句】
1.Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers.
along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars做study的状语，而这个状语中又多了一个whose引导的定语从句，因而使整个句子变长，读起来稍显费劲。whose parents were also famous scholars用来修饰说明nine other children。along with意为“与……一起”。（参考译文）艾琳与其他9个小孩一起在他们自己的学校读书，这9个小孩的父母都是著名的学者，而且，艾琳的母亲也是这个学校的教师之一。
2.When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X-ray facilities to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.
who was using X-ray facilities to help save the lives of wounded soldiers是非限制性定语从句，修饰说明her mother。（参考译文）当第一次世界大战开始的时候，艾琳去给她妈妈帮忙。当时，她妈妈正在用X射线设备挽救受伤战士的生命。Passage 7（2011 辽宁 C）
Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile（汽车）.but Henry Ford did not start to build his first car until 1896.That was eleven years after two Germans developed the world's first automobile.Many people believe Henry Ford invented the production line that moved a car's parts to the worker, instead of making the worker move to the parts.That is not true, either.Many factory owners used methods of this kind before Ford. What Henry Ford did was to use other people's ideas and make them better.And he made the whole factory a moving production line.
In the early days of the automobile, almost every car maker raced his cars.It was the best way of gaining public notice.Henry Ford decided to build a racing car.Ford's most famous race was his first one.It was also the last race in which he drove the car himself.
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