作者：圣才电子书
出版社：圣才电子书
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
![厦门大学357英语翻译基础[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解](http://img61.ddimg.cn/digital/product/30/80/1900733080_ii_cover.jpg)
厦门大学357英语翻译基础[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解试读：
2010年厦门大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
一、词语翻译（英译汉15分）
1．Neet【答案】啃老族
2．global warming【答案】全球变暖
3．unfriend【答案】（在Facebook等社交网站上）与某人解除好友关系
4．APEC Summit【答案】亚太经合组织领导人峰会
5．the A (H1N1) virus【答案】甲流
6．Arbor Day【答案】植树节
7．the in-thing【答案】流行事物
8．somebody’s cup of tea【答案】某人心爱之人或物
9．infortainment【答案】新闻娱乐化
10．average Joe【答案】普通人
11．moon away【答案】虚度
12．put two and two together【答案】根据事实推理
13．give the floor to【答案】请某人发言
14．disposable chopsticks【答案】一次性筷子
15．scrap-newspaper【答案】可回收的旧报纸
二、词语翻译（汉译英15分）
1．知识产权【答案】intellectual property rights
2．中国最适合居住的十大城市【答案】Top 10 cities for overall quality of life in China
3．盗版软件【答案】pirated software
4．产能过剩【答案】over-capacity of production
5．晚婚晚育【答案】late marriage and late childbirth
6．战国时期【答案】Warring States Period
7．打造国际知名品牌【答案】build well-known international brand
8．海洋科学研究所【答案】Institute of Marine Sciences
9．安全饮用水【答案】safe drinking water
10．农民工【答案】rural migrant workers in cities; peasant-worker
11．暗箱操作【答案】black case work
12．老人节【答案】double-ninth festival; the ninth day of the ninth moon
13．科幻小说【答案】scientific fiction
14．万有引力定律【答案】Law of Universal Gravitation
15．前苏联【答案】former Soviet Union
三、英汉互译（文章英译汉60分)
Today, I will focus on one major impact of the current financial crisis on Asia-Pacific, that is, the decline in domestic demand. Particularly, I want to talk about the factors leading to declines in domestic demand.
Equity markets in developing countries around the world have suffered large decreases in value since mid-September 2008, reflecting a global credit crunch and a worldwide flight to safety among investors.
These declines are expected to cause a number of effects that will dampen domestic demand, especially personal consumption and corporate investments. Although equity market investments only constitute a small percentage of overall household wealth and equity financing consists of relatively a small portion of corporate investment in Asia-Pacific as compared with developed countries, the declines will affect the more advanced economies of the region, such as the Republic of Korea, Singapore and Hong Kong of China.
Secondly, declines in property markets will further dampen domestic demand. The reduction in housing prices will have an effect on real estate investments, which have played a particularly important role in the growth of domestic demand in a number of countries--most notably in China, where the property sector accounts for about one quarter of all investment.
Private consumption will also be affected by the fall in property prices, particularly in the more advanced economies in the region, where property assets account for a more significant portion of household wealth.
Thirdly, reduced bank lending is the most significant factor curtailing corporate activity and domestic demand.
The concern here is that an increase in non-performing loans will result in greater restraints on and a reduction in new lending, leading to possible higher costs for new borrowers. Increased borrowing costs may in turn add further pressures resulting in a greater number of corporate defaults.【参考译文】
今天，我主要谈一下内需下降的问题，这是此次亚太地区金融危机带来的主要影响。我主要想谈一下内需下滑的成因。
自2008年9月中旬以来，世界范围内的发展中国家证券市场的市值都大幅缩水，这反映出全球性的信贷紧张，投资人纷纷撤离资金，以求自保。
证券市场的低迷也会影响内需，个人消费和企业投资都会减少。虽然在发展中国家，个人和机构在证券市场的投资比重比在发达国家小，但该市场的不景气会影响到该地区内一些较发达的经济体，例如韩国、新加坡以及中国香港。
其次，房地产市场的低迷会进一步减少内需。房价下跌将影响房地产业的投资，而在该领域的投资对于一些发展中国家内部需求的增长具有重要的拉动意义。中国就是一个明显的例子，其房地产的投资占国内总投资的1/4。
由于房价的下跌，个人特别是在房屋上投资较多的个人将减少消费。
第三，银行信贷收紧会直接影响企业的投资以及内需。
需要注意的是不良贷款的增加会使银行收紧信贷，会使贷款的成本上升，进而增加公司的压力，甚至导致更多的不良贷款。
四、英汉互译（文章汉译英60分）
我今天的发言题目是：“基督教在西方民主政治发展中的作用”。我认为：西方民主政治是在自身文化的历史进程中形成和发展的，其中宗教，特别是基督教始终起着独特的复杂的作用。作为官方意识形态的基督教教义，整体上并不是革命的，但这并不排斥其关于平等和法制的一些教义曾经起到的积极作用。它在经过民主革命者改造和利用以后，有利于鼓舞人们推翻封建专制的暴政，捍卫人民的自由权利。而且，在现代推进民主事业的过程中，基督教的不同派别，包括天主教、东正教和新教所起的作用并不相同。西方国家在宗教和政治文化上的差别，对于其民主进程也有相当的关联作用。【参考译文】
The topic of my speech today is “The role of Christianity in the Development of western Democracy and Politics”. I hold the view that western democracy and politics come into being and develop within the context of its own culture. Religion, especially Christianity, has been playing a unique and complicated role. Generally speaking, official doctrines in Christianity don’t emphasize on revolution. However, its preach for equality and rule by law played a positive role in history. Being reformed and utilized by democratic revolutionists, it inspires people to fight against feudal tyranny and in turn safeguards their freedom. In addition, different branches of Christianity, namely Catholicism, Eastern Orthodox and Protestantism play different roles in the advancement of modern democracy. Different cultures also lead to different types of democracies among western countries.
2011年厦门大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
一、词语翻译（30分）（一）中译英（15分）
1．小道消息【答案】grapevine news
2．种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆【答案】to reap what one sows
3．次贷危机【答案】subprime crisis
4．《三国演义》【答案】The Romance of the Three Kingdoms
5．世博会的吉祥物海宝【答案】The world expo mascot “Haibao”
6．闪婚【答案】flash marriage
7．《不见不散》【答案】“Be there or be square”
8．摆架子【答案】put on airs
9．上海五国第九次峰会【答案】the ninth summit of Shanghai
10．保兑银行【答案】a confirming bank
11．本命年【答案】year of fate, animal year
12．补缺选举【答案】by-election
13．不以物喜，不以己悲【答案】not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personal losses
14．布达拉宫【答案】the Potala Palace
15．《论语》【答案】The Analects（二）英译中（15分）
1．UCLA【答案】加州大学洛杉矶分校
2．infortainment【答案】新闻娱乐化
3．the “Mathew Effect”【答案】马修效应
4．European monetary integration【答案】欧洲货币一体化
5．Memorandum of Understanding for the Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases between the Department of Health and Human Services of the United States of America and the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China【答案】美利坚合众国卫生与公众服务部与中华人民共和国卫生部签署的对新出现和重新出现的传染病的合作方案的谅解备忘录
6．China Rose【答案】月季花
7．IAEA【答案】国际原子能机构
8．sock puppet【答案】马甲
9．honor system【答案】诚信制度
10．forewarned is forearmed【答案】凡事预则立
11．write unsolicited testimonials【答案】主动写表扬信
12．Vital statistics【答案】人口统计
13．concept album【答案】概念专辑
14．scale back production【答案】缩减生产
15．possible repercussions of our actions【答案】我们的行动可能产生的影响
二、语篇英译汉（60分）（一）（30分）
I had always assumed a broken heart was just a metaphor, a cliché of country music and romance novels. So I was as surprised as anyone to learn last week that doctors now consider it a real medical event, one that can kill.
The news comes from a report published in the New England, Journal of Medicine, in which physicians at Johns Hopkins described a group of 18 mostly older women and one man who developed serious heart problems after experiencing a sudden emotional shock, such as the death of a loved one, or, in the case of one 60-year-old woman, a surprise birthday party.
What surprised the doctors who examined these patients was that none of them had actually suffered a heart attack. Indeed, few had any signs of heart disease at all. Yet at least five of the 19--and perhaps more--would have died without treatment, according to Dr. Ilan Wittstein, the cardiologist who led the study.【参考译文】
我过去常常以为“一颗破碎的心”这种说法不过只是一种隐喻，是乡村音乐和浪漫小说里常常使用的陈词滥调罢了。因此在上周，当我知道医生们现在已经将它视为一种现实存在的具有致命危险的医疗事件的时候，我和所有人一样，都大吃了一惊。《新英格兰医学杂志》刊登了与之相关的报道。在报道中，约翰·霍普金斯大学的医师们对因经历突然的情感冲击（如挚爱的去世，或如某位60岁女性的例子——一个惊喜生日派对），心脏出现了严重问题的18名女性（其中大部分为老年人）和1名男性的情况进行了描述。
在对这些病患进行检查的时候，令医师们感到大为吃惊的是他们之中没有任何人有过事实上的心脏病发病史。事实上，几乎没有人有心脏疾病的症状。但是，领导这项研究的心脏病专家宜兰·维茨特恩称，这19人中，至少有5人——甚至有可能更多——会没有接受治疗就死亡了。（二）（30分）
Resource efficiency means reducing the environmental impact of the consumption and production of goods and services. The doing more with less slogan indicates the focus on more outputs with fewer impacts. Efficiency gains do not guarantee that the overall outcome stays within the ecological carrying capacity of the Earth. Influencing the demand side is therefore another prerequisite for sustainable development.
It is indeed timely to recognize that the world cannot achieve sustainable, economic growth with old fashioned consumption and production patterns. Companies will have to accelerate the trends of polluting less and of designing, producing and marketing better products and services. Consumers have to get used to the fact that environmental concerns are as important in their daily choices as considerations of price, convenience and quality. And governments and civil society have a key role to play in inspiring such a process.【参考译文】
资源增效指的是减少商品和服务生产过程及消费过程对环境产生的影响。“用更少创造更多”这一口号表明其重心在于用较少的影响来创造更多的产出。生产效率的提高并不能保证整体结果能维持在地球的生态承受力范围之内。因此，对需求方的影响成为了可持续发展的另一先决条件。
我们现在确实迫切需要意识到传统的消费生产模式是无法实现经济的可持续发展的。公司需要加快减污减排的脚步，敦促自身去设计、生产和经营更好的产品和服务。消费者也要接受这一事实——在日常购物时，对环境的影响、商品价格、便利度和产品品质都应被纳入考虑范围内，作为进行选择的参考条件。此外，政府和民间团体也需在推进上述进程中发挥关键性作用。
三、语篇汉译英（60分）（一）（30分）
创新是欢乐谷成功的秘诀，发展的灵魂。结合欢乐谷自身的特性，以及未来全球化竞争的发展趋势，欢乐谷人强烈地意识到，引领企业长足发展的战略观就是核心竞争力的持续培养。
因此，企业文化倡导的“领导力”、“品牌创新力”和“特色服务力”这三大核心竞争力成为企业的经营之道。2003年，欢乐谷实施了第一个“三年形象工程”，将“对外树立品牌，对内提升服务”作为年度工作重点，并以此达到不断提升欢乐谷核心竞争力的目的。【参考译文】
Creativity is the key to the success of Happy Valley as well as the soul of its development. Based on the analysis of the inherent characteristics of Happy Valley and the future development tendency of global competition, the staffs of Happy Valley strongly realize that the strategy which leads to the great development of the enterprise is the preservation of core competition ability.
As a result of that, on the initiative of the enterprise culture, the three core competition abilities—“Leadership”, “Brand Creativity” and “Characteristic Service”—are set as the management guidelines of the enterprise. In 2003, Happy Valley started its first “three-year image project”, putting “establish a brand exteriorly, enhance services interiorly” as the focus of its annual work, in order to achieve the goal of continuous improvement of the core competition ability of the Happy Valley.（二）（30分）
1915年张裕带四款产品代表中国葡萄酒业参加了世博会。1931年张裕酿出了中国人自己的干红葡萄酒。如今，张裕在中国六大优质葡萄产区拥有17000公顷的葡萄园，提供新鲜、天然、成熟的葡萄。张裕拥有全球最先进的酿酒设备和技术，在国内六大酒庄拥有世界一流的酿酒师团队。融合国际资本和技术，张裕还在法国、意大利和新西兰与当地酒庄组成国际酒庄联盟。【参考译文】
As the representative of wine industry in China, Chang Yu Group participated in the World Expo in 1915 with four kinds of its products. The first bottle of dry red wine which was completely brewed by Chinese was produced by Chang Yu Group in 1931. Today, the group owns 17,000 hectares of vineyards which scattered in the six premier grape production zones in China, offering fresh, natural and ripe grapes for brewing. Besides, the group has the most advanced brewage equipments and technique as well as a top wine-maker team in the six chateaus in China. Integrated with international capitals and techniques, Chang Yu Group joins an international chateau union with local chateaus in France, Italy and New Zealand.
2012年厦门大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
一、词语翻译（30分）（一）汉译英（15分）
1．不入虎穴，焉得虎子【答案】Nothing venture, nothing gaine
2．她生来才貌双全【答案】She is endowed with intelligence as well as beauty
3．服装纺织业【答案】clothing and textile industry
4．中国人民政治协商会议【答案】Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)
5．法定节日【答案】statutory holiday
6．国家烟草专卖局【答案】State Tobacco Monopoly Administration
7．磁悬浮铁轨【答案】Maglev Guideway
8．节能减排【答案】energy conservation and emission reduction
9．加快自主创新的步伐【答案】to accelerate the pace of independent innovation
10．不断完善有利于科学发展的体制机制【答案】to constantly improve institutions and mechanisms conducive to developing scientifically
11．改善民生【答案】to improve people’s lives
12．加快发展社会事业【答案】to accelerate the development of social undertakings
13．实施医药卫生体制改革【答案】to implement the reform of the medical and health sectors
14．提高宏观调控水平【答案】to improve the ability of macro-control
15．物以类聚，人以群分【答案】Birds of a feather gather together（二）英译汉（15分）
1．An Irish Goodbye【答案】不辞而别
2．Helicopter parent【答案】直升机父母（指那些过分关注孩子生活中的经历和问题的父母，他们对孩子的学校生活尤其关注，就像直升飞机一样整天盘旋在孩子的身边，时刻等待孩子的召唤。）
3．to bring the house down【答案】赢得满堂彩，全场喝彩
4．up in the air【答案】悬而未决
5．to put one’s shoulder to the wheel【答案】努力工作；全力以赴
6．to meet one’s waterloo
试读结束[说明：试读内容隐藏了图片]