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华侨大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解试读：
2017年华侨大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and structure (30%)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best complete the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
1. It took five days to climb the mountain and only one day to _____.
A. dispose
B. decline
C. descend
D. degrade【答案】C【解析】句意：爬上山需要5天，而下山只需要一天。descend下降；下来。dispose布置；安排；处理。decline（数量、价值、质量等的）减少；下降；衰落。degrade降低……身份；侮辱……的人格。故选C。
2. Success in gradually overcoming her handicaps had _____ the formerly shy and unhappy Helen.
A. reconciled
B. reclaimed
C. transformed
D. triggered【答案】C【解析】句意：海伦不断克服自身缺陷取得的成功，改变了原来那个害羞且忧郁的她。handicap障碍；阻碍；生理缺陷。transform使改变外观（或性质）；使改观。reconcile使和谐一致；调和。reclaim拿回；要求归还。trigger触发；引起。本题强调前后的变化，故选C。
3. Due to the invention of Thomas Edison, people could now use electricity to _____ their home.
A. kindle
B. illuminate
C. gleam
D. glitter【答案】B【解析】句意：因为爱迪生的发明，人们现在可以用电灯来照明。illuminate照亮；照明。kindle点燃；开始燃烧。gleam闪烁；发微光。glitter闪耀；闪亮。电灯照亮了屋子，故选B。
4. The bottles carried the warning “If _____ onto clothing or skin, wash immediately!”
A. accumulated
B. littered
C. dispersed
D. splashed【答案】D【解析】句意：瓶身上写着警告事项：“如果不小心溅到衣物或者皮肤，请立即清洗！”。splash（把衣服等）溅污。accumulate积累；积聚。litter乱扔；使乱七八糟。disperse驱散；散开；传播。故选D。
5. Every year, thousands of passengers are killed because of _____ behavior of a drunk driver.
A. unreasonable
B. reckless
C. haughty
D. casual【答案】B【解析】句意：每年成千上万的行人都因司机酒驾这种不计后果的行为而毙命。reckless鲁莽的；不计后果的；轻率的。unreasonable不合理的；不公正的。haughty高傲自大的。casual不经意的；漫不经心的。本题强调酒驾司机不负责任，不尊重他人生命的轻率态度，故选B。
6. Language makes possible the exchange and the _____ of ideas between men.
A. interaction
B. transmission
C. extension
D. recommendation【答案】A【解析】句意：语言使得思想之间的交流和互动成为可能。interaction相互作用，相互影响，互动。transmission（电子信号，数据）传播；传递。extension延伸；延长；recommendation推荐，介绍。本题主要强调语言沟通双方的互动，interaction和exchange同义，故选A。
7. The tragedy of the Challenger _____ an ongoing controversy on all aspects of America’s space program.
A. arose
B. resulted
C. ignited
D. started【答案】C【解析】句意：挑战者号的悲剧引发了人们关于美国航天各方面的持续争议。ignite点燃；（使）燃烧，这里形象化表明挑战者号的悲剧的震撼性。arise出现；产生，是不及物动词，后面不能直接加宾语。result（因……）发生，后面接导致的结果时要加in。start启动；开始，用在此处不恰当。故选C。
8. He had spent all of his money in _____ living and had to go to work as a day laborer in Denver.
A. romantic
B. decent
C. modest
D. extravagant【答案】D【解析】句意：他之前生活奢侈无度，花光了所有的钱，现在不得不到丹佛市打工。extravagant奢侈的；挥霍的。romantic浪漫的。decent得体的；相当不错的。modest适度的；有节制的。故选D。
9. Before she could reach the shoe the Witch has _____ it away and put it on her foot.
A. thrown
B. hauled
C. whirled
D. snatched【答案】D【解析】句意：她的脚还没够到鞋子，女巫已经一把抓起鞋子套在她脚上。snatch一把抓起；一下夺过。throw扔；抛；丢。haul（用力）拖，拉，拽；用力缓慢挪动到（某处）。whirl使旋转，回旋，打转。故选D。
10. Tuition in a university of the United States varies _____ depending on the type of institution and its endowment.
A. substantially
B. occasionally
C. slightly
D. abnormally【答案】C【解析】句意：美国各高校根据机构类型和资质不同，学费略有差异。slightly轻微地；些微地。substantially基本上；大体上。occasionally偶尔地；间或。abnormally反常地；不正常地。故选C。
11. He was _____ when he found that he had been taken in by his rival.
A. furnace
B. furious
C. fuse
D. furnish【答案】B【解析】句意：当他发现自己被对手欺骗的时候，他感到十分愤怒。be taken in意为“受骗；上当；中计”。furious狂怒的；暴怒的。furnace熔炉，名词。fuse保险丝；导火线。furnish在（房屋等）处布置家具；向（某人或某事物）供应。故选B。
12. Cigarette smoking has been _____ with breast as well as lung cancer.
A. chained
B. contacted
C. associated
D. integrated【答案】C【解析】句意：吸烟和乳腺癌以及肺癌密切相关。be associated with与……有关。be chained to被束缚在；为……束搏。be contacted with与……联系。be integrated with与……结合起来；各部分密切协调的。故选C。
13. Scientists have spent years _____ into the effects of certain chemicals on human brain with no result.
A. studying
B. researching
C. investigating
D. inspecting【答案】B【解析】句意：科学家们已经花费数年来研究特定化学物质对人脑的影响，但一无所获。research into对……进行研究。study表研究，后面一般直接加研究的对象。investigate调查。inspect检查；视察。故选B。
14. Have you seen the latest _____ of the magazine?
A. copy
B. edition
C. issue
D. volume【答案】C【解析】句意：你看过这杂志的最新一期吗？issue发行；期号，latest issue最新一期；最新刊。copy（书、报纸等的）一本，一册，一份；（报刊等的）稿件。edition版次；版本（出版形式）。volume（成套书籍中的）一卷，一册。故选C。
15. The strong storm did a lot of damage to the coastal village: several fishing boats were _____ and many houses collapsed.
A. wrecked
B. spoiled
C. torn
D. injured【答案】A【解析】句意：强风暴严重破坏了这个海边村庄，几艘渔船被毁坏，很多房屋垮塌。wreck使（船舶）失事；使遇难；使下沉。spoil糟蹋；毁掉；变质；腐败。tear撕裂；撕开；撕破。injure（人在事故中）伤害，使受伤。此处特指船，故选A。
16. Is this watch _____ you wish to have _____?
A. the one; repaired
B. which; it repaired
C. the one; it repaired
D. which; repaired【答案】A【解析】句意：你想修理的是这个手表吗？可先将疑问句改成陈述句：This watch is…you wish to have…第一空所缺的是定语从句的先行词，用the one来代替上文的this watch，又因为the one后面的关系代词在定语从句中作have的宾语，可以省略，再加it与省略的关系代词重复，故选A。
17. _____ a plan to deal with it is important.
A. That we should work out
B. We should work out
C. What we should work out
D. That what we should work out【答案】A【解析】句意：制定出处理这个问题的计划是非常重要的。is是句子的谓语动词，因而is前面是主语从句。根据句意，此主语从句不缺少成分的，所以要用that来引导主语从句。故选A。
18. I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs, but _____.
A. I’m not invited
B. I have not been invited
C. I was not invited
D. I had not been invited【答案】C【解析】句意：我本来很乐意去参加他们的聚会，但是我没有被邀请。邀请发生在过去，是已经完成的动作，这里是称述过去事实，用一般过去时符合题意，故选C。
19. He asks that he _____ more time to review his lessons.
A. must give
B. be given
C. should give
D. has to be given【答案】B【解析】句意：他要求有更多的时间复习功课。ask表示“要求”时，从句用虚拟语气。从句谓语动词用should+V，should可以省略。此处是被给予时间，所以用被动。故选B。
20. He quite agreed to her suggestion that he _____ art in Paris for another two years.
A. study
B. studies
C. would study
D. might study【答案】A【解析】句意：他十分赞同她给的建议，再去巴黎学习两年艺术。suggestion当“建议”讲时用虚拟语气，从句中用should+动词原形，should可省略。故选A。
21. _____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A. Losing
B. Having lost
C. Lost
D. To lose【答案】C【解析】句意：心不在焉，他差点撞上迎面驶来的汽车。过去分词作原因状语，原句可改为“Because he was lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.”从句逻辑主语与句子的主语一致都是he，省去了逻辑主语。故选C。
22. The next morning the hunter woke up only _____ himself lying next to a lion.
A. found
B. finding
C. was to fine
D. to find【答案】D【解析】句意：第二天早晨，猎人醒来竟然发现自己和狮子躺在一起。only to find表示“结果发现”动词不定式表示结果，通常不是人们所期望的结果，往往是不好的结果。故选D。
23. The mother didn’t know who _____ for the broken glass.
A. will blame
B. to blame
C. to be blamed
D. blamed【答案】B【解析】句意：杯子被打碎了，妈妈不知道该责备谁。blame sb. for sth.为某事责备某人。这里的主语是mother，相当于“mother to blame who”，who是疑问词提到前面。疑问词加不定式。故选B。
24. They are considering _____before the prices go up.
A. of buying stocks
B. with buying stocks
C. buying stocks
D. to buy stocks【答案】C【解析】句意：他们打算在价格上涨前买入股票。consider doing考虑要做某事。故选C。
25. The ratio of boys _____ girls in that school has not change a lot.
A. for
B. with
C. against
D. to【答案】D【解析】句意：这所学校男女比例并没有很大变化。ratio…to…与……之间的比率。故选D。
26. You _____ yesterday if you were really serious about your study.
A. ought to come
B. ought to be coming
C. ought to have come
D. ought to have to come【答案】C【解析】句意：如果你真的紧张这份工作，你昨天就该来了。这是一种虚拟语气，ought to have done本应该做某事但没有做，这里指本应该来但是没有来。故选C。
27. I thought they would come for a visit, but it seems they are staying _____.
A. for good
B. at length
C. in vain
D. at ease【答案】A【解析】句意：我以为他们只是来看望我们的，但看来他们想一直住在这里了。for good永远；一劳永逸地；永远地。这里本来以为是短暂的拜访，没想到成为长期的。at length，终于；最终。in vain徒然；白白地。at ease安逸；舒适。
故选A。
28. The business of each day, _____ selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.
A. it being
B. be it
C. was it
D. it was【答案】B【解析】句意：日常业务，不管是售货还是运货，都十分顺利。be it是虚拟语气，完整形式是“whether it should be ...”，意为“无论怎么样”，是让步状语。should 提到前面，形成倒装，更多用在正规文体，书面语中。故选B。
29. The project, _____ by the end of 2010, will expand the city's telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.
A. Accomplished
B. to have been accomplished
C. being accomplished
D. having been accomplished【答案】B【解析】句意：这个项目将在2010年底完成，届时将扩展城市电话网络，覆盖到一百万用户。by the end of时间状语用完成时态，后面的will也表示了将来时态，故用to have done表将来完成时。故选B。
30. The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it _____ on the way.
A. goes wrong
B. went wrong
C. should go wrong
D. would go wrong【答案】C【解析】句意：这个年轻的司机仔细检查汽车引擎，以防半路出故障。在lest引导的从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should可省略。should在这里表猜测，暗示一种可能性。故选C。
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (40%)
Directions: There are four passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1
Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage:
In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men get up and calmly argue in favor of violence—as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remained basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed and the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder that hit us.
The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social program. The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law.
Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each other’s problems and learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communication. “Talk, talk, talk,” the advocates of violence say, “all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser.” It’s rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge. After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. “Possible, my lord,” the barrister replied, “but surely far better informed.” Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve.
1. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Advocating Violence.
B. Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.
C. Important People on Both Sides See Violence as a Legitimate Solution.
D. The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.
2. Recorded history has taught us _____.
A. violence never solves anything
B. nothing
C. the bloodshed means nothing
D. everything
3. It can be inferred that truly reasonable men _____.
A. can’t get a hearing
B. are looked down upon
C. are persecuted
D. have difficulty in advocating law enforcement
4. “He was none the wiser” (Para. 3) means _____.
A. he was not at all wise in listening
B. he was not at all wiser than nothing before
C. he gains nothing after listening
D. he makes no sense of the argument
5. According to the author the best way to solve racial prejudice is _____.
A. law enforcement
B. Knowledge
C. nonviolence
D. mopping up the violent mess【答案与解析】
1. B 暴力难以消除种族歧视。本文开篇就在讨论国家种族矛盾突出的国家用暴力来解决问题的做法，第一段最后一句提到“No solution ever comes to light…”明确表示暴力手段不管是在历史上还是在今天都没有真的解决问题。第二段重点讨论法制的作用，第三段进一步说明“交流、对话”是了解双方问题的前提。全文都在说明暴力不是解决方法，应该另辟蹊径。故选B。
2. D 第一段“The whole of the recorded history of the human race…has taught us absolutely nothing.”明确提出整个人类漫长的暴力史。故选D。
3. D 第二段前两句“The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement.”真正有理智的人主张法制，反而遭到人们的轻视、不信任和迫害。他们发现要人倾听他们的意见越来越困难。A项“人们不听”，B项“遭人轻视”，C项“遭人迫害”，这三项都包含在D项内。故选D。
4. C 听后没有任何收获。None the wiser一无所获。主张暴力的人的论调为人们天天说沟通，谈判，对话，这些并没有带来实效。就像法官听完律师的长篇辩论之后说，我一无所获一样，但是至少双方通过了解对方的问题，而这也是真正解决问题的前提。故选C。
5. A 第二段最后一句，“Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law.”如果我们在法律的构架中进行工作，真正的持久的解决总是能实现的。故选A。Passage 2
Questions 6-10 are based on the following passage:
In the democratic society, citizens are encouraged to form their own opinions on candidates for public office, taxes, constitutional amendments, environmental concerns, foreign policy, and other tissues. The opinions held by any population are shaped and manipulated by several factors: individual circumstances, the mass media, special interest groups, and opinion leaders.
Wealthy people tend to think differently on social issues from poor people. Factory workers probably do not share the same views as white collar, nonunion workers. Women enjoyed outside their homes sometimes have perspectives different from those of full time homemakers. In these and other ways individual status shapes one’s view of current events.
The mass media, especially television, are powerful influences on the way people think and act. Government officials note how mail from the public tends to “follow the headlines.” Whatever is featured in newspapers and magazines and on television attracts enough attention that people begin to inform themselves and to express opinions.
The mass media have also created larger audiences for government and a wider range of public issues than existed before. Prior to television and the national editions of newspapers, issues and candidates tended to remain localized. In Great Britain and West Germany, for example, elections to the national legislatures were usually viewed by voters as local contests. Today’s elections are seen as struggles between party leaders and programs. In the United States radio and television have been beneficial to the presidency. Since the days of Franklin D. Roosevelt and his “fireside chats”, presidents have appealed directly to a national audience over the heads of Congress to advocate their programs.
Special groups spend vast sums annually trying to influence public opinion. Public utilities, for instance, tried to sway public opinion in favor of nuclear power plants. Opposed to them were citizens’ organizations that lobbied to halt the use of nuclear power. During the 1960s the American Medical Association conducted an unsuccessful advertising campaign designed to prevent the passage of medicate.
Opinion leaders are usually such prominent public figures as politicians, show business personalities, and celebrity athletes. The opinions of these individuals, whether informed and intelligent or not, carry weight with some segments of the population. Some individuals, such as Nobel prizewinners, are suddenly thrust into public view by the media. By quickly reaching a large audience, their views gain a hearing and are perhaps influential in shaping views on complex issues.
6. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Freedom of speech in a democratic society.
B. Impact of the mass media.
C. Forces that influence people’s opinion.
D. Necessity of upholding ideals.
7. We can infer from the second paragraph that _____.
A. gender influences gender on people’s view
B. people status influences their view
C. living standard influences people’s view
D. ranks influence people’s view
8. The expression “follow the headlines” (Line 2, Para. 3) shows _____.
A. people seldom have time to read newspaper articles
B. people think the headlines contain the most important information
C. people often get their opinions from newspapers or television
D. most people look on newspapers or TV as misleading
9. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. TV programs have a strong influence on governmental policy.
B. Chats on televisions are chief means for running for presidency.
C. More and more people show interest in politics because of TV.
D. Before the use of TV, people showed little interest in politics.
10. It is obvious that the opinion of famous people _____.
A. is often ignored by the public
B. is seldom expressed to the point
C. is often imposed on the public
D. has a strong influence on people【答案与解析】
6. C 影响人们观点的因素。本文总分结构，第一段最后一句总领全文，指出个人背景，大众媒体，特殊利益集团和舆论主导人等因素会左右人们个人观点的形成。故选C。
7. B 由本文第二段最后一句，“In these and other ways individual status shapes one’s view of current events.”可知，人们的社会地位决定他们的观点。故选B。
8. C 第三段主要讨论大众媒体对人们观点的影响。参考上下文，政府发现大众的观点总是趋向于和媒体观点一致。最后一句，不管报纸或者是电视上出现什么，都会影响大众对该事件的判断和他们个人观点的表达。故选C。
9. C 由第四段第一句，“The mass media have also created larger audiences for government and a wider range of public issues than existed before”大众媒体为政府和公共政策事宜创造了大批的观众。后文接着论述，电视存在以前，政治选举都是地方化的，而现在公众可以收看或者收听电视和广播里进行的总统竞选。故选C。
10. D 讨论公众人物对社会舆论的主导作用。“their views gain a hearing and are perhaps influential in shaping views on complex issues.”本文最后一句提到，因为公众人物知名度高，他们的观点一经曝出就会有大量的人知道，并引发很多人追随他们的观点。故选D。Passage 3
Questions 11-15 are based on the following passage:
France might be described as an “all-round” country, one that has achieved results of equal importance in many diverse branches of artistic and intellectual activity. Most of the great nations of Europe excel in some special branch of art or of thought: Italy in the plastic arts; Germany in philosophy and music; English in poetry and the science. France, on the contrary, has produced philosophers, musicians, painters, scientists, without any noticeable specialization of her effort. The French ideal has always been the man who has a good all-around knowledge, better still, an all-round understanding: it is the ideal of general culture as opposed to specialization.
This is the ideal reflected in the education France provides for her children. By studying this education we in England may learn a few things useful to ourselves even though, perhaps indeed because, the French system is very different from our own in its aims, its organization and its results. The French child, too, the raw material of this education, is unlike the English child and differences in the raw material may well the account for differences in the processes employed.
The French child, boy or girl, gives one the impression of being intellectually more precious than the product of the colder English climate. This precocity is encouraged by his upbringing among adults, not in the nursery. English parents readily accept their conversations to the child’s point of view and interest themselves more in his games and childish preoccupation. The English are, as regards national character, younger than the French, or, to put it another way, there is in England no deep divisions between the life of the child and that of the grown man.
The art of talking to children in the kind of language they understand is so much an English art that most of the French children’s favorite books are translations from the English. French parents, on the other hand, do their best to develop the child’s intelligence as rapidly as possible. They have little patience with childish ideas even if they do not go so far as to look upon childhood as an unfortunate but necessary prelude to adult life. Not that they need to force the child, for he usually lends himself willingly to the process, and enjoys the effect of his unexpectedly clever remarks and unusual sayings and of his bright judgment of men and things. It is not without significance that the French mother instead of appealing to the child’s heart by asking him to be good appeals to his reason by asking him to be wise. Reasonableness is looked for early in France, and the age of reason is fixed at seven years.
11. The author considers that France _____.
A. specializes in the ideal of general culture
B. favors the ideal of general culture
C. is a specialist country in spite of herself
D. cannot help being a specialist country
12. In comparing French and English education the author indicates that _____.
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