作者：圣才电子书
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李观仪《新编英语教程（3）》（修订版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】试读：
Unit 1
一、词汇短语
Text I
1．suburb [5sQbE:b] n. a usually residential area or community outlying a city郊区
2．apply [E5plai] v. a) to request or seek assistance, employment, or admission提出申请：apply for a visa申请签证；b) to put to or adapt for a special use应用，把…应用于：She applies all her money to her mortgage.她将她所有的钱都用来付抵押贷款。c) to cause to work hard or with careful attention专心于：He applied himself to his new job.【扩展】application（ n. 申请；应用）/ applicable（ adj. 可应用的）/ applicant（ n. 申请者）/ applied（ adj. 应用的，实用的）
3．degree [dI5^ri:] n. a title given by a university学位：the degree of Master of Arts文学硕士学位
4．slim [slim] adj. a) small in quantity or amount微小的，微薄的：slim chances of success很小的成功机会；b) small in girth or thickness in proportion to height or length苗条的，修长的
5．summon [5sQmEn] v. to call together; convene召集；召唤：The general summoned all his officers.将军把所有的军官召集在一起。
6．interview [5intEvju:] n. a formal meeting in person, especially one arranged for the assessment of the qualifications of an applicant面试
7．awkward [5C:kwEd] adj. a) causing difficulty, embarrassment or inconvenience造成困难、尴尬或不便的：an awkward series of bends in the road路上一连串难走的弯；b) embarrassed尴尬的，难为情的：an awkward remark令人窘迫的评论
8．dreary [5driEri] adj. boring, dull单调乏味的：dreary tasks枯燥的任务
9．gabled [`^eIbld] adj. having one or more gables有山墙的：a gabled house有山墙的房子
10．sash-window框格窗，上下拉动的窗a window consisting of two frames that you open by sliding one up or down, behind or in front of the other
11．gravel [5^rAvEl] n. small stones, used to make a surface for paths, roads etc.砂砾
12．evergreen [5evE^ri:n] adj. persist and remain green throughout the year常青的，常绿的：There is a small evergreen shrub on the hillside.山腰上有一小块常绿灌木丛。
13．shrub [FrQb] n. a small bush with several woody stems灌木
14．survive [sE5vaiv] v. to live or persist through从困境中活过来或挺过来：These plants that can survive frosts.这些植物能够历经寒霜而存活。
15．fume [fju:m] n. vapor, gas, or smoke, especially if irritating, harmful, or strong尤指有害、浓烈或难闻的气体或烟：She felt sick from breathing in paint fumes.她因吸入油漆气味而感到恶心。
16．rotund [rEu5tQnd] adj. rounded in figure; plump圆形的；胖乎乎的：a large rotund man一个又高又胖的人
17．moustache [mEs5tB:F] n. an unshaved growth of hair on the upper lip胡子
18．freckle [5frekl] n. small brown spots on someone’s skin, especially on their face雀斑，斑点
19．tweed [twi:d] n. cloth woven from threads of different colours, used mostly to make jackets, suits, and coats斜纹软呢，斜纹软呢服
20．ample [5Ampl] adj. of large or great size, amount, extent, or capacity尺寸、数量、范围或体积很大的：an ample living room宽敞的起居室；【扩展】amplify v. 放大；增强/amplifier n. 扩音器，放大器/amplitude n. 广阔；振幅
21．loop [lu:p] v. fasten or join sth with a loop or loops打环扣系住某物
22．disapproval [7disE5pru:vEl] n. the act of disapproving不赞成
23．colonel [5kE:nl] n. a high rank in the army, Marines, or the US air force上校
24．private [5praivit] adj. not available for public use, control, or participation私人的，私有的：a private party私人聚会； n. soldier of the lowest rank士兵
25．bootlace [`bU:tleIs] n. a shoelace鞋带
26．stale [steil] adj. having lost freshness, effervescence, or palatability变味的，不新鲜的：stale bread变味的面包
27．dingy [5dindVi] adj. darkened with smoke and grime; dirty or discolored暗黑的，褪色的：It was a street of dingy houses huddled together.这是一条挤满了破旧房子的街巷。
28．scar [skB:] v. to mark with a scar使有疤痕：His hands were badly scarred by the fire.他的手因为被火烧过而留下伤疤。
29．crumb [krQm] n. a very small piece broken from a baked item碎屑：Sweep up the crumbs, please.请把面包屑擦掉。
30．mantelpiece [5mAnt(E)lpi:s] n. a wooden or stone shelf which is the top part of a frame surrounding a fireplace壁炉架，壁炉的前饰
31．cellar [5selE] n. a room under a house or other building, often used for storing things地窖，地下室
32．proceed [prE5si:d] vi. a) to begin and continue ( some course of action)进行，开始行动：Now that our plans are settled, let us proceed (to do it). 既然计划已制定，我们开始实施吧。b) started to go forward or onward, especially after an interruption继续下去：He paused to consult his notes, and then proceeded with his questions.他停下来看了看笔记，然后继续提问。c) to move in a particular direction向…进发：后常接介词或副词to/towards/into等【搭配】proceed from sth.源于某物；proceed against sb.起诉某人。另外，应注意不要将其和precede（ v. 领先于）相混淆
33．bloodshot [5blQdFRt] adj. (of an eye) reddened as a result of locally congested blood vessels; inflamed充血的，布满血丝的：If the eyes are severely strained, they become bloodshot.如果眼睛过于疲劳就会充血。
34．vital [5vaitl] adj. urgently needed; absolutely necessary至关重要的：This matter is of vital importance to us. 这件事对我们来说至关重要。【扩展】vitalize /5vaItElaIz/ v. 赋予生命力；vitality /vai5tAliti/ n. 生命力，活力
35．mumble [5mQmbl] v. to utter indistinctly by lowering the voice or partially closing the mouth:咕哝：mumbled an insincere apology含糊地说出无诚意的道歉
36．grunt [^rQnt] v. to utter a sound similar to a grunt发哼声：He grunted as the bullet hit him.子弹击中他时他疼得哼出声来。
37．singularly [5sIN^jJlElI] adv. a) noticeably显而易见地：It’s a singularly foolish plan.这显然是个愚蠢的计划。b) strangely, peculiarly, in an unusual way异乎寻常地：Is he mad? He’s certainly behaving singularly.他疯了吗？他行为肯定不正常。
38．appall [E5pC:l] vt. to fill with consternation or dismay使惊恐，使惊骇：They were appalled by the reports of the nuclear war.他们被核战争的报道吓坏了。
39．dismay [dis5mei] v. to destroy the courage or resolution of by exciting dread or apprehension使惊恐，使丧气：The thought that she might fail the history test dismayed her.想到历史可能考不及格时，她很沮丧。
33．incompetent [in5kCmpitEnt] adj. not having or showing the necessary skills to do sth successfully不胜任的，不称职的
40．tramp [trAmp] v. a) to walk with heavy or noisy steps重踏步行走，跺着脚行走：We could hear him tramping about upstairs.我们可以听见他在楼上噔噔地走来走去。b) to travel across (an area) on foot, esp. for a long distance and often wearily步行经过（一地区）（尤指长途且疲惫不堪）：tramp over the moors徒步越过高沼地
41．crocodile [5krCkEdail] n. a) long line of schoolchildren walking in pairs两人一排，成纵列行进的学童；b)鳄鱼
42．diffident [5difidEnt] adj. lacking or marked by a lack of self-confidence; shy and timid缺乏自信的，羞怯的和胆小的：He has a politely diffident manner.他的态度是客气中带有羞怯。
43．protest [prE5test] v. to object to, especially in a formal statement对…提出异议，反对：He protested the decision made by the committee. 他抗议委员会做出的决议。
44．constitute [5kCnstitju:t] vt. to be the elements or parts of; compose构成，组成：Twelve months constitute a year.12个月为一年。【扩展】constitution n. 构成方式，构造；宪法，章程
45．ultimate [5Qltimit] adj. being last in a series, process, or progression最终的，最后的
Text II
1．terrier [5teriE] n. a small active type of dog that was originally used for hunting小猎犬
2．mildly [5maildli] adv. in a gentle manner温和地，和善地：a feeling of mildly pleasurable excitement怡然的快感
3．prompt [prCmpt] vt. a) serve as the inciting cause of, to give rise to促使，引起：A noise prompted the guard to go back and investigate.嘈杂声促使卫兵回头调查。adj. a) done quickly, immediately敏捷的，即时的：a prompt reply即刻答复；b) on time准时的
4．temperament [5tempErEmEnt] n. the manner of thinking, behaving, or reacting characteristic of a specific person性格，性情：Jane is a girl with an artistic temperament.简是一个有艺术家气质的女孩。
5．panel [5pAnl] n. a group of people gathered to plan or discuss an issue进行讨论的一组人：A panel of experts gave its opinion on ways to solve the traffic problem专家小组就如何解决交通问题发表了意见。
6．eyebrow [5aibrau] n. the line of hair above your eye眉毛
7．reckon [5rekEn] v. expect, believe, or suppose认为：They reckon the book as one of his best works.他们认为这本书是他的优秀作品之一。
8．frown [fraun] vi. to wrinkle the brow, as in thought or displeasure皱眉
9．incurable [in5kjuErEbl] adj. being such that a cure is impossible; not curable不能治愈的，医治不好的：incurable illness不治之症
10．jowl [dVaul] n. the skin that covers your lower jaw on either side of your face颌，颚骨
11．querulous [5kwerulEs] adj. expressing a complaint or grievance; grumbling表示埋怨或不平的，发牢骚的：querulous comments不满的评论
12．somber [5sRmbE(r)] adj. grave or even gloomy阴沉的，灰暗的：He had a somber expression on his face.他面容忧郁。
13．improbability [Im9prCbE`bIlEtI] n. something improbable不大可能的事物，未必有之事
14．hesitate [5heziteit] v. to be slow to act, speak, or decide犹豫，踌躇：He did not hesitate for a minute to save the drowning child.他毫不踌躇去救那个落水的小孩。【扩展】hesitant犹豫的，吞吞吐吐的；hesitative [5hezitEtiv] adj. 支吾其辞的；hesitation [7hezi5teiFEn] n. 犹豫，踌躇
15．premonition [7pri:mE5niFEn] n. a warning in advance; a forewarning预先警告，预感：The day before her accident, she had a premonition of danger.在发生事故的前一天，她有种危险的预感。
16．crucial [5kru:FiEl] adj. extremely significant or important关键性的，极其重要的：a crucial problem关键性的问题
17．grant [^rB:nt] n. monetary aid资助，奖学金：Students in this country receive a grant from the government.这个国家的学生可得到政府的助学金。
18．tormentor [tR:`mentE(r)] n. someone who makes someone else suffer a lot折磨者
19．resent [ri5zent] v. feel bitter or indignant about愤恨，怨恨：I bitterly resent his attempts to interfere in my work.我非常讨厌他企图干涉我的工作。【扩展】resentful adj. 愤慨的，怨愤的/ resentment n. 怨恨，愤恨
20．unforthcoming [QnfC:W5kQmiN] adj. unwilling to be helpful不情愿帮助的
21．instill [in5stil] vt. to introduce by gradual, persistent efforts; implant逐渐地灌输：They instill the minds of young children with morality.他们将美德逐渐灌输到小孩子的头脑里去。其常用于instill sth. in/into sb.结构。
22．persecutor [5pE:sikju:tE] n. person who persecutes others迫害者
23．persist [pE(:)5sist] vi. continue to do sth坚持，执意：The bad weather will persist all over the country.这种坏天气将在全国各地持续下去。【搭配】persist in (doing) sth.坚持做某事；persist with坚持某事
24．rugger [5rQ^E] n. an outdoor game played by two teams with an egg-shaped ball that you kick or carry英式橄榄球
25．sting [stiN] v. to cause to feel a sharp, smarting pain by or as if by pricking with a sharp point刺痛
26．inadequacy [in5AdikwEsi] n. lack of an adequate quantity or number不充分：inadequacy of preparation准备不足
27．pit [pit] n. an excavation for the removal of mineral deposits; a mine坑道，矿
28．scribble [5skribl] v. to write hurriedly without heed to legibility or style乱写，匆匆地写：She scribbled down the directions on her pad.她在拍纸簿上潦草地记下了指示。
29．wintry [5wintri] adj. suggestive of winter, as in cheerlessness or coldness冷漠的，冷淡的：a wintry welcome冷漠的欢迎
30．due [dju:] adj. a) expected or scheduled, especially appointed to arrive预定的，约定的；b) in accord with right, convention, or courtesy; appropriate适当的，适合的：in due course适当地，及时地
二、全文翻译
Text I
我的第一份工作
罗伯特·贝斯特
大学入学前，我在当地一家报纸上看到了一则教师招聘广告，该学校位于伦敦市郊，离我住的地方大约十英里。由于手头比较紧张，而我也想做些有意义的事，因此我就申请了这份工作，但由于没有学位，也没有教学经验，我担心得到这份工作的可能性很小。
然而，三天后，我收到了回信，叫我到克罗伊登面试。行程非常艰难：首先坐火车到克罗伊登火车站，再坐10分钟的汽车，然后再步行大约400米的路程。结果，在一个六月炎热的早上，我到达了学校，因为心情过于沮丧，而顾不上紧张了。
校舍是所阴沉的、山墙形的维多利亚式红砖房屋，配有上下推拉的特大窗子。前院是铺着砾石的广场，院内四角各有一丛四季常青的低矮灌木，它们忍受着喧嚣的主街道吹来的烟尘，挣扎着生存下去。
开门的显然是校长本人。他又矮又胖，留着黄棕色的小胡子，前额布满雀斑，头发几乎掉光了。他穿着斜纹软呢服（不知为什么，让人感觉是他总是穿着这身衣服），鼓鼓的肚子上绕着一条银表链。
他用一种吃惊不满的神情看着我，宛若上校打量着没系好鞋带的士兵。“啊嗯”他嘟哝着，“你最好进来。”狭窄不见阳光的客厅弥漫着一股难闻的腐烂卷心菜的气味，乳白色的墙壁已然褪色，又脏又黄，墨迹斑斑，四周一片静寂。从地毯上的食物碎屑看来，他的书房也是他的餐厅。壁炉架上放着一个盐瓶和一个胡椒瓶。“你最好坐下，”他说道。然后他就开始问我一些问题：拿《普通教育结业证》时，我学过哪些课程；我多大年龄；打什么球；然后，他充满血丝的眼睛突然盯着我，问我是否觉得运动是男孩教育中的一个重要部分。我含糊地说了些没必要把它们（体育运动）看得太重要之类的话。他嘟哝了几句。我说错话了。很显然校长和我没有什么共同语言。
他说学校只有一个班，由24个男孩子组成，年龄从7岁到13岁不等。除了美术课由校长亲自教以外，我需要教所有课程。周三和周六下午，我还要带着学生们到一英里外的运动场踢足球、打板球。
教学安排更令我震惊。我需要将学生们分成三个组，按三种不用的水准依次教他们。一想到要教他们代数和几何时，我就心里就发慌，因为我在学校时，这两门课学得很差。更糟糕的也许是周六下午的板球课。我介意的并不是带着一群小男孩沿着克罗伊登灰尘扑扑的街道行走1英里，而是那时，我的大部分朋友们都享受着休闲时光。
我怯生生地问道“薪水多少？”“每周12磅，包午餐。”我还未来得及提出异议，他就已经站起身来。“好了，”他说，“你最好见见我的妻子，她才是学校真正的负责人。”
这是我最不能容忍的事情。我还很年轻，在一个女人手下工作，对我来说简直是莫大的耻辱。
Text II
面试
看上去像只猎犬的男人说道：“你是布莱基吧？请坐。”
布莱基坐下了。“我看到你的英语、法语和历史成绩都得了A，而且继续在大学学文科。”这个像猎犬一样的男人目光从布莱基的申请表格上抬起来。“是什么，”他温和地问道，“促使你想转而学医的呢？”“噢，”布莱基说—感觉一点也不好—“我一直都有兴趣，甚至在中学的时候就有了，但这是个重大的决定，那时我不确定自己是否是学医的料。”三人面试小组没有作评论，他们的沉默提醒了布莱基，他还未回答他们的问题。“我那时真的喜欢写作。”
坐在像猎犬一样的男人旁边的男人清了清嗓子。“那么，你宁愿当一名作家，而不是医生，对吗？”“不一定，”布莱基说，“我曾经这么想过，但现在，我决心当一名医生。”“看来你很容易改变主意。”一阵长时间的停顿。“对不起，”布莱基吃惊地说道，“您这是提问吗？”“嗯。”那个男人扬了扬眉毛，说道。“不，我不是那样的。”“你毕业时没有获得学位，是这样吗？”“是的。”“为什么呢？”“回想一下，”布莱基说，“我想我参加了太多活动。”“你给我们解释一下，都是些什么活动吗？”“我为学院剧团写过几个剧本”（属实），“我在学生辩论会上当过辩手”（属实），“还做了点儿社会工作”（不属实）。
第三位面试官皱着眉头，“社会工作？”他说到，好像这是某种疑难杂症一样。“给我们讲讲。”他是个双下巴的胖子，说话带有奇怪的牢骚口吻。“好的，”布莱基说道，然后他就描述了他只知道名字的两个学生组织，但不知究竟何故，他从来就没参加过。“假如你申请成功，”像猎犬的那个人说到，他的语调暗示了布莱基面试将会失败，“你有经济来源吗？”布莱基犹豫了一下。他猛然意识到，这一回答将是面试成败的关键。“你没有助学金吗？”他提示道。“没有。”“你个人有什么办法吗？”“我想我能设法解决。”
他的主要对手第一次龇着牙，咧嘴阴笑到“你怎样设法？”
布莱基在椅子上动了动。他开始憎恨这些冷酷严厉的人，他们给他灌注了罪恶感。这更像是严密盘问，而不是面试。他学医的愿望似乎像犯罪。“我假期兼职了一份工作，这样我能存……”。“告诉我们”，他的对头执意要求，“你的周薪。”
他告诉了他们。“你近期有结婚的打算吗？”“没有。”“你有什么兴趣爱好？业余时间怎么度过？”
表格上是怎么填的？为什么表格上都有的，他们还要问呢？他告诉他们，他喜欢音乐，喜欢戏剧，他经常散步。“曾经，”他说，“我甚至参加过一次钓鱼比赛。”
面试小组似乎对这些回答不感兴趣。“你喜欢打什么球？”双下巴的男人满怀期待地前倾着身子问道，“你打橄榄球吗？”“不，我在校足球队踢球。”“你得过什么奖吗？”“没有。”“你的家人有从事医学工作的吗？”
布莱基摇了摇头。“我的大部分亲属”，他说，自卑感刺痛了他的心，“都在煤矿工作。”“嗯。”像猎犬的那个人匆匆忙忙在表格上写了些什么。“我想各方面的情况都涉及到了，”他说。他给了布莱基一个冷笑。“届时，你会收到我们的通知。”
这在布莱基听来像是一种威胁。
三、课文精解
Text I
1．I saw in a local newspaper a teaching post advertised at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived：该句较长，理解时要理顺句子结构。句子主干部分是“I saw a teaching post advertised”，介词in引出的部分是状语，后面at引出的部分充当teaching post的定语，对其进行具体解说。
2．…my chances of landing the job were slim：句中land用作动词，意为“获得某物（尤指经激烈竞争）。” 例：land a good job获得一份好工作，land a big contract获得大项目的合同等。slim有“纤细的，苗条的”和“小的，不够大的”之意，此处取后者之意，例：slim prospects of success成功的可能性不大。
3．…summon me to Croydon for an interview：summon意为“召唤某人”，常用于summon sb. to (do) sth.结构中，例：The shareholders were summoned to a general meeting.已召集了股东开全体大会。
4．a ten-minute bus ride：该词组意为“坐十分钟公共汽车的路程”。ten-minute是表示时间数量的符合形容词，由数词+单数名词构成。该短语也可替换作a ten minutes’ bus ride。
5．It was clearly the headmaster himself that opened the door：该句是强调句型，去掉it was, that后，句子结构仍然完整。例：It was in the street that I met him yesterday.昨天我是在街上遇见了他。
6．He looked at me with an air of surprised disapproval, as a colonel might look at a private whose shoelaces were undone：句中，air意为“态度，外貌”，作此意时，air为可数名词。例：smile with a triumphant air带着胜利神情的微笑。private是名词，意为“士兵，列兵”。private也可作形容词，意为“个人的，私人的”。例：a private room私人房间。
7．His study, judging by the crumbs on the carpet, was also his dining room：句中judging by引导的部分作插入语，不考虑主动被动语态。具类似用法的短语还有judging from，generally speaking，taking … into consideration等。
8．…not attaching too much importance to them：短语attach importance to sth.意为“非常重视，认为…很重要”。例：attach importance to students’ right brain development重视对学生右脑开发。
9．The school, he said, consisted of one class of twenty-four boys, ranging in age from seven to thirteen.：consist of由…组成，应注意这一短语无被动语态，另一常用短语consist in意为“由于、存在于”，例：The charm of Paris does not consist only in its beauty.巴黎的魅力并不仅在于它的美丽。range from...to...或range between...and...结构表示“在…范围内变动”，range over...涉及，包括，例：Our conversation ranged over many subjects.我们的交谈涉及很多学科。
10．The teaching set-up appalled me：句中set-up是复合名词，意为“组织结构”。例：I’ve only been here for a couple of weeks and I don’t really know the set-up.我才刚来俩星期，还不大了解这里的组织结构。appall意为“使某人惊骇或沮丧”，例：We were appalled at the prospect of having to miss our holiday.我们为失去这一假日而感到大失所望。
11．It was not so much having to tramp…that I minded, but the fact that…：该句理解时要注意两点，一是not so much...but结构，意为“不是…，而是”，此外还应注意该句整体结构是it’s … that构成的强调句型。
12．This was the last straw：the last straw指的是“（事情、任务、行动等）使人终于不胜负荷的最后的量”。该短语来自谚语it is the last straw that breaks the camel’s back：骆驼素以其忍耐力著称，可以许多天不吃不喝，驮着重物在一望无际的沙漠中行走。但凡事都有个限度，骆驼的负载能力也是如此，即使它能背负很重的东西，但一旦到了极限，那怕再加一根稻草也可以把它压垮。
Text II
1．What has prompted you to want to change to medicine：prompt此处用作动词，意为“促使或激励某人做某事”，常用于prompt sb to be/do结构。prompt还可做形容词，意为“准时的，及时的，迅速的”，例：a prompt reply及时的答复。
2．feeling anything but well：短语anything but意为“决不”，因此该表达可释义为feeling not well或feeling far from well。
3．I wasn’t sure at the time I had the right temperament：该句释义为I wasn’t sure at that time I was the right person to take up medicine，句中temperament意为“性情，禀赋”。
4．…now my mind’s been set on becoming a doctor：该句可释义为I have determined to become a doctor。短语be set on意为“下定决心，打定主意”。
5．but which for one reason or another he’d never got round to joining：短语get round to (doing) sth意为“终于能做某事，找出时间做某事”。例：I’m very busy at the moment but I hope to get round to answering your letter next week.我这周很忙，希望下周能抽出时间给你回信。
6．…the terrier man said on a note of somber improbability：句中，note意为“暗示，含义，表示”，常用于a note of sth结构中，表“流露着/暗含着…口气”。例：there was a note of self-satisfaction in his speech.他的言谈中流露着自满的口气。
7．…these cold, unforthcoming men who instilled in him a sense of guilt：unforthcoming“不愿帮忙或提供信息的”。instill sth in/into sb逐步灌输，逐渐使某人获得。例：instilling a sense of responsibility in one’s children逐步培养孩子的责任感。
8．it was more a cross-examination than an interview：more…than意为“与其说，倒不如说”，例：This book seems to be more of a dictionary than a grammar book.与其说这是本语法书，倒不如说它是本字典。cross-examination交互询问（法庭用语）。
9．…stung by a sense of inadequacy：sting意为“刺痛，刺伤”。Inadequacy不足，不胜任；毛病，缺陷。例：the inadequacy of our resource我们资源的不足；the inadequacies of the present voting system现行选举制度的弊病。文中inadequacy指的是“面试官有关布莱基是否有亲属从事医学工作的问题使布莱基觉得自己不合格申请从医”。
10．In due course you will hear from us：短语in due course意为“在适当时机，最终”。例：Your request will be dealt with in due course.你的要求将在适当时机予以处理。
四、练习答案
Student’s book
TEXT I
Pre-reading Questions
1, 3
The Main Idea
The main idea of the text is (3): The writer was interviewed by the headmaster of a school and was offered a job what was none too pleasant.
Vocabulary
A. l. f
2．h
3．c
4．b
5．g
6．e
7．d
8．a
B. 1. inconvenient and uncomfortable
2．sad; low in spirits
3．groomy; cheerless
4．make a short, deep, rough sound(like a pig), showing dissatisfaction
5．very necessary
6．shock deeply; fill with fear
7．timidly
8．greatest; extreme
Questions:
1．They are very large windows, so large that they look like people’s wide open eyes.
2．They (the four evergreen shrubs) did their best to remain alive in spite of the dust and smoke from a main road with heavy traffic.
3．He was short and stout. He grew a moustache which was pale reddish yellow in colour. His forehead was covered with freckles. And he was almost bald.
4．It was a narrow, dim (unlighted) hall which had an offensive odour of dried up cabbage. The wells, once painted in cream colour, had darkened to the colour of margarine and in a few places were marked with ink stains. Silence prevailed in the hall.
5．Perhaps he liked to have a drop too much.
6．It was a class of twenty-four boys who were from seven to thirteen years of age.
7．Because he had little self-confidence as he was young and it was the first time he had had an interview. Besides, perhaps he was not used to asking about money matters.
8．The phrase “the last straw” comes from the saying “It is the last straw that breaks the camel’s back”. What the saying means is that “straw is very light in weight, but if you increase the burden the camel’s back straw by straw, eventually you will put on his back one straw too many, and that last straw will break his back.” When used figuratively, “the last straw” means “an addition to a set of rambles which makes them unbearable.” Here in the text, the writer regards his having to work under a woman as an additional source of annoyance which would make the job all the more intolerable.
9．His impression was unfavourable. To the writer, the headmaster was a short, stout, freckle-foreheaded, bald man, with a big unpleasant paunch. As the headmaster was not as neatly dressed as a gentleman was supposed to be, he gave the impression of having always worn the same suit. Probably he was badly off. He received the young man with a look of surprised disapproval and during the whole interview the assumed an air of condescension, which was quite annoying to the young man. Moreover, the headmaster made great demands on the young man, while he himself did not seem to know much about teaching.
10．The writer was a young school leaver waiting to enter university. He was badly in need of money and he seemed to be a man of vitality and energy. He wanted to do something useful that could bring him some money. He did not have much experience in life, nor in teaching. He looked very bashful, having little self-confidence. Fearing that he might not get the job, he was careful about what he said. He had to do what he did not like to do. To make matters worse, he had to work under woman, which was the most humiliating thing to a man of his age, but whether he liked it or not, he had to take the job.
ORAL WORK
Role-play
An Interview
Situation: Mr. Black, manager of an investment company, is in urgent need of a secretary. He is now interviewing Mary, who has applied for this post.
Mary: Good morning, sir. I’m coming here to apply for the position of a secretary in your company.
Black: OK, please sit down. First of all, there are some questions for you.
Mary: My pleasure.
Black: Since you came here, you should be interested in this job, shouldn’t you?
Mary: Yes, of course, I’m quite interested in this job because I like doing secretarial work.
Black: Quite fight. And you know, as a secretary, she or he must be good at short-hand and be able to type quickly. Are you qualified for this?
Mary: I have been a typist for 2 years and I can type 80 words a minute, but I have not learned short-hand before.
Black: I see, have you any experience as a secretary?
Mary: I’m afraid I have not.
试读结束[说明：试读内容隐藏了图片]