最新英语专业考研核心词汇(北京环球时代学校英语专业考研点睛丛书)(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)


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作者:吴中东 周玉芳

出版社:中国人民大学出版社

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最新英语专业考研核心词汇(北京环球时代学校英语专业考研点睛丛书)

最新英语专业考研核心词汇(北京环球时代学校英语专业考研点睛丛书)试读:

前言

本书适合英语专业本科毕业有意攻读英语专业研究生的同学使用。本书以英语专业四八级、部分GRE词汇为基础,再补充一些经常出现于文学作品和评论中的词汇,以及从历年各校英研入学考试真实考题中萃取的易考词、常考词和难词,共搜集词汇近4 000条。一个英语专业的本科毕业生在基本掌握专八词汇的基础上,简单记忆本书所列词汇后,词汇量即可扩大到16 000词以上,如能认真学习本书中通过大量词根提供的同构词和通过互文见意法提供的关联词,其词汇量可以轻松突破18 000,足以应对全国各级研究生院的入学考试。从另一方面看,由于英语专业研究生入学考试是选拔性考试,所考查对象是大学本科毕业生中的优秀学员,所以考生若要在考试中以相对优势考取所报院校,其词汇量也应以达到18 000为宜。

本书根据我们多年的实践经验科学编写设计,相信对考生跨越英专考研的词汇关能够起到事半功倍的效果。编者2015年4月Unit 1Part 1 Reading Wisely本单元词汇精要

1. voraciously 2. indiscriminately 3. eminent 4. steeped 5. replete

The young man who reads voraciously, though indiscriminately, does not necessarily gain in wisdom over the teenager who is more selective in his reading choices. A youngster who has read the life story of every eminent sportsman of the twentieth century, or a coed who has steeped herself in every social-protest novel she can get her hands on, may very well be learning all there is to know in a very limited area. But books are replete with so many wonders that it is often discouraging to see bright young people limit their own experiences.Sample Sentences

On the basis of the above paragraph, try to use your new words in the following sentences. Occasionally it may be necessary to change the ending of a word; eg, indiscriminately to indiscriminate.

1. The library is _____ with many different kinds of books.

2. The _____ scientist received the Nobel Prize for physics.

3. My cousin is so _____ in schoolwork that his friends call him a bookworm.

4. After skiing, I found that I had a _____ appetite.

5. Modern warfare often results in the _____ killing of combatants and innocent civilians alike.Definitions

Now that you have seen and used the new words in sentences, and have the definitions “on the tip of your tongue,” try to pair the words with their meanings.6. voracious _____a. of high reputation, outstanding7. indiscriminate _____b. completely filled or supplied withc. choosing at random without 8. eminent _____careful selectiond. desiring or consuming great 9. steeped _____quantitiese. to predict or foretell a future 10. replete _____event本单元成语精要

eat a humble pie: to admit your error and apologize 忍辱含垢,忍气吞声

该习语中humble是双关语,它除了有“低下的,不值钱的”的意思外,还与umble(动物内脏)读音十分相似。Humble pie是umble pie的变体,是用鹿的内脏做成的馅饼。古时贵胄打猎后,肉留给自己和家属吃,而把内脏制成馅饼赏给猎户和别的雇工们吃。吃时,主人与家属坐在餐厅的高台上,而猎户们则坐在台下较低的座位上,形成尊卑高下的鲜明对照。

After his candidate had lost the election, the boastful campaign manager had to eat a humble pie.Chinese Interpretation

voracious [və'reɪʃəs] a. 贪心的,贪婪的,贪吃的,狼吞虎咽的

indiscriminate [ˌɪndɪs'krɪmɪnət] a. 不加区别的,不分青红皂白的,杂乱的

eminent ['emɪnənt] a. 显赫的,杰出的,有名的,优良的

steep [sti:p] v. 浸,泡,沉浸

replete [rɪ'pliːt] a. 充分供应的,饱足的,充满的(with)

coed ['kəʊed] n. 男女合校大学中的女生

gain in:增长,进步

may very well:很可能

get one's hands on:弄到,获得Keys1. replete2. eminent3. steeped4. voracious5. indiscriminate6. d7. c8. a9. e10. bPart 2 Solving the Servant Problem本单元词汇精要

1. abounds 2.technology 3. prognosticated 4. matron 5. automaton

The world of science-fiction abounds with wonders. Yet modern technology progresses so fast that what may be today's wild dream may be next year's kitchen appliance. An American scientist has prognosticated that within ten years every suburban matron will have her own robot servant. One task this domesticated automaton will not have to contend with will be scouring the oven because even today the newest ranges can be “programmed” to reduce their own baked-on grime to easily disposed of ashes.Sample Sentences

Now that you’ve seen the words used in context, and—hopefully—have an idea of their meanings, try to use them in the following sentences. Remember that the word-ending may have to be changed.

1. The president refused to _____ as to his margin of victory in the election.

2. The time is approaching when auto workers may be replaced by _____ .

3. A clever salesman will always ask a _____ if her mother is at home.

4. The western plains used to _____ with bisons before those animals were slaughtered by settlers.

5. In the near future man may be freed from backbreaking labor by the products of scientific _____ .Definitions

Test yourself now by matching the new words with the definitions. If you are sure of yourself, cover the top half of this page before you begin.6. abound _____a. an older married womanb. branch of knowledge dealing 7. technology _____with engineering, applied science, etc.8. prognosticate _____c. a robot; a mechanical “person”9. automaton _____d. to exist in great numberse. to predict or foretell a future 10. matron _____event本单元成语精要

a pig in a poke: an item you purchase without having seen; a disappointment(未见实物)瞎买东西,未经过目(仔细看)而购进的货,令人失望。

从前,英格兰农村集市上农民常把小猪装在麻袋里带到集市上去卖,因为猫不如猪值钱,有些骗子便常常把猫装在袋子里,有的买主没有经验,连看都不看就买下了,结果上当受骗。该习语常与动词buy一起使用。

The mail order bicycle that my nephew bought turned out to be a pig in a poke, and he is now trying to get his money back.Chinese Interpretation

abound[ə’baʊnd] v. 富于;充满

technology[tek'nɒləʤɪ] n. 技术,科技,工艺,工程,方法

prognosticate [prɒɡ'nɒstɪkeɪt] v. 预知,预言,预测

matron ['meɪtr(ə)n] n. 保姆,主妇,护士长,女舍监

automaton [ɔː'tɒmət(ə)n] n. 自动装置,机器人

domesticated [də'mestɪkeɪtɪd] a. 驯养的,教化的,使适合家务劳动的

scour ['skaʊə] v. 冲洗,擦亮,冲刷

range [reɪn(d)ʒ] n. 炉灶,(能利用余热的)多功能炉灶

grime [ɡraɪm] n. 污垢,污点,煤尘

contend with:对付

dispose of:处理,除掉Keys1. prognosticate2. automatons3. matron4. abound5. technology6. d7. b8. e9. c10. aPart 3 It's a Man's World本单元词汇精要

1. paradoxical 2. realm 3. annals 4. compound 5. tinge

How paradoxical that the world's greatest chefs have all been men! Cooking would clearly seem to be a field which lies exclusively within the ladies’ realm, yet the annals of cookery are replete with masculine names: Brillat Savarin, Ritz, Diat, Larousse. To compound the enigma, there has rarely been a tinge of rumor or scandal casting doubts on the masculinity of these heroes of cuisine.Sample Sentences

Try your hand now at using your new words by writing them in their correct form (Changing the endings if necessary) in these sentences:

1. His gloom was now _____ by the failing mark on his algebra test.

2. The _____ of sports are replete with the names of great black athletes.

3. One of the great _____ of American life is that though minority groups have suffered injustices, nowhere in the world have so many varied groups lived together so harmoniously.

4. A _____ of garlic is all that's necessary in most recipes.

5. The cruel king would not allow the prince to enter his _____, restricting him to the forest which abounded with wild animals.Definitions

If you are having trouble in picking the right definitions, it may be best not to do them in the order given, but to do the ones you are the surest of first.a. a trace, smattering, or slight 6. paradox _____degreeb. a statement which at first seems to be absurd or self-contradictory 7. realm _____but which may in fact turn out to be true8. annals _____c. to increase or add to9. compound _____d. historical recordse. special field of something or 10. tinge _____someone; kingdom本单元成语精要

a flash in the pan: promising at the start but then disappointing 昙花一现的人或事,短暂的成功

The rookie hit many homeruns in spring training, but once the season began he proved to be a flash in the pan.Chinese Interpretation

paradox [‘pærədɒks] n. 似乎矛盾的论点,自相矛盾的人或事

realm [relm] n. 王国,领域,范畴

annals ['æn(ə)lz] n. 记录,编年史,历史记载,史册

compound ['kɒmpaʊnd] v. 使混合,增加

tinge [tɪnʤ] n. 淡色,色调,些微气味,气息,风味

exclusively [ɪk'sklu:sɪvlɪ] ad. 除外的,排他的,独家享有的,专有的

cookery ['kʊk(ə)rɪ] n. 烹调法,烹调术

masculine ['mæskjʊlɪn] a. 男性的,男子气概的;[语法] 阳性的

enigma [ɪ'nɪɡmə] n. 费解的事情,神秘的人

scandal ['skændəl] n. 丑行,丑闻,诽谤,流言蜚语

masculinity [ˌmæskjʊ'lɪnɪtɪ] n. 丈夫气,刚毅,雄性,男性

cuisine [kwɪ'ziːn] n. 厨房,烹调法,烹饪,烹调风格,菜肴

rookie ['rʊkɪ] n. 新手

homerun ['həʊmrʌn] n. (棒球)本垒打

cast doubts on:对……产生怀疑Keys1. compounded2. annals3. paradoxes4. tinge5. realm6. b7. e8. d9. c10. aPart 4 How Not to Get Your Way本单元词汇精要

1. badgering 2. implores 3. drudgery 4. interminably 5. perceive

It is difficult to change someone's opinion by badgering him. The kid who begs his mother to “get off his back” when she implores him for some assistance with the household drudgery, may very well plead interminably for some special privilege when he wants something for himself. How paradoxical that neither is able to perceive that no one likes being nagged.Sample Sentences

Getting the hang of it? Now go on to use the five new words in the following sentences:

1. He does his homework on Fridays to save himself from the _____ of having to do it during the weekend.

2. The teacher continually _____ the pupil for the missing assignments.

3. The eminent scientist _____ difficulties in putting the invention into practice.

4. The sick child's mother _____ the doctor to come immediately.

5. She listened to the boring lecture for what seemed an _____ fifty minutes.Definitions

Pick the letter of the definition that matches your new word and write it in the answer space.6. badger _____a. unpleasant, dull, or hard work7. implore _____b. unending8. drudgery _____c. to plead urgently for aid or mercyd. to understand, know, become 9. interminable _____aware of10. perceive _____e. to pester, nag, annoy persistently本单元成语精要

pour oil on troubled waters:to make peace,to calm someone down(尤指以谨慎温和的言辞)平息风波,调解争端

该习语源自这种说法:航海时遇到风浪,把油倒入海中,可起到使海浪平息的作用。

When I tried to pour oil on troubled waters, both the angry husband and his wife stopped their quarrel and began to attack me.Chinese Interpretation

badger ['bæʤə] v. 烦扰,吵着要

implore [ɪm'plɔ:] v. 恳求,哀求

drudgery ['drʌʤərɪ] n. 苦工,单调辛苦的工作,苦差事

interminable [ɪn'tɜ:mɪnəbl] a. 无限的,冗长的,无终止的,没完没了的

perceive [pə'siːv] v. 察觉,感知,感到,认识到

hang [hæŋ] n. 〈口〉做法;用法;诀窍

privilege ['prɪvɪlɪʤ] n. 特权,特别待遇

nag [næɡ] v. 不断地唠叨,恼人

get one's way:为所欲为,随心所欲,任性

get off one's back:不要对某人唠叨,不再嘲笑某人

plead for:祈求,恳求

get the hang of:〈口〉掌握……的窍门,熟悉……的做法(或用法)Keys1. drudgery2. badgers/badgered3. perceives/perceived4. implored5. interminable6. e7. c8. a9. b10. dPart 5 Review

Ⅰ. You have accomplished something worthwhile in this unit. In learning twenty useful words and four idioms, you have taken a step towards a greater mastery of our language. As a result of this lesson, you will become aware of those words which require greater study on your part for complete success in these first lessons.

Take the following quiz by matching the best possible definition with the word you have studied. Write the letter that stands for that definition in the appropriate answer space.a. be completely soaked in _____ 1. aboundsomethingb. to be able to tell what will _____ 2. annalshappen in the future_____ 3. automatonc. someone's special field_____ 4. badgerd. to continually nag_____ 5. compounde. carelessly chosen_____ 6. drudgeryf. related to science of engineering_____ 7. eminentg. to add to_____ 8. imploreh. beg for assistance_____ 9. indiscriminatej. of outstanding reputation_____ 10. interminablek. an old married woman_____ 11. matronl. small amount of_____ 12. paradoxm. dull, difficult work_____ 13. perceiven. desiring huge amount_____ 14. prognosticateo. existing in great number_____ 15. realmp. historical recordsr. to come to have an _____ 16. repleteunderstanding of_____ 17. steepeds. to completely fill witht. machine that behaves like a _____ 18. technologypersonu. seemingly self-contradictory _____ 19. tingesituation_____ 20. voraciousv. unending_____ 21. eat a humble piew. a blind item; poor purchase_____ 22. a pig in a pokex. to admit to your error_____ 23. a flash in the pany. a star today, a flop tomorrow_____ 24. pour oil on troubled z. to try to make peacewaters

Now check your answers. Make a record below of those words you missed. You can learn them successfully by studying them and by using them in your own original sentences. If you neglect them, then the effort you have put into your vocabulary building campaign up to this point will have been wasted.

Ⅱ. Underline the word that makes sense in each of the sentences below.

25. The huge football player had a (voracious, replete) appetite.

26. After a seemingly (interminable, indiscriminate) wait, the surgeon came to give us the news.

27. Without a (paradox, tinge) of evidence, the coroner could not solve the murder.

28. In the (realm, annals) of the blind, the one-eyed man is king.

29. We invited the (eminent, steeped) engineer to address our club.

30. In the Catskill Mountains, the woods (abound, implore) with deer.

31. I cannot (perceive, prognosticate) why people voted for the corrupt senator.

32. Night and day my kid brother (badgers, compounds) me for money.

33. Science fiction movies usually feature (annals, automatons) .

34. With his expertise in (drudgery, technology), my uncle is able to earn a good salary.

Ⅲ. Do the following sentences make sense? Explain why.

35. The rookie was amazing in spring training but he turned out to be a flash in the pan.

36. I complained to the salesperson because he had sold me a pig in a poke.

37. When I tried to pour oil on troubled waters, I only made matters worse.

38. After the election, when my candidate conceded his loss, I had to eat a humble pie.Keys1. o2. p3. t4. d5. g6. m7. j8. h9. e10. v11. k12. u13. r14. b15. c16. s17. a18. f19. l20. n21. x22. w23. y24. z25. voracious26. interminable27. tinge28. realm29. eminent30. abound31. perceive32. badgers33. automatons34. technology35. yes36. yes37. yes38. yesUnit 2Part 1 To the Point本单元词汇精要

1. laconic 2. throng 3. intrepid 4. accosted 5. reticent

John Calvin Coolidge, American thirtieth president, was named “Silent Cal” by correspondents because of his laconic speech. One Sunday, after Mr. Coolidge had listened to an interminable* sermon, a throng of journalists gathered around him. An intrepid reporter accosted the Chief Executive: “Mr. President, we know that the sermon was on the topic of sin. What did the minister say?” “He was against it,” the reticent Coolidge replied.

(* interminable—see Unit 1/Part 4. Each reviewed word will be followed by an asterisk, and you will find the first use of the word by consulting the Index at the back of the book.)Sample Sentences

Use the new words in the following sentences.

1. Her speech was usually rambling, but this time I found it brief and _____.

2. When _____ by a salesman, my grandmather always buys something.

3. Even under repeated questioning, the witness remained _____.

4. A howling _____ of teenage girls surrounded the Beatles.

5. The corporal received the Silver Star for his _____ deeds in combat.Definitions

Match the new words with their dictionary meanings.6. laconic _____a. expressing much in few words7. throng _____b. brave8. intrepid _____c. to approach and speak to9. accost _____d. crowd10. reticent _____e. silent本单元成语精要

the sword of Damocles: any imminent danger (a king seated one of his subjects underneath a sword which was hanging by a hair, in order to teach him the dangers a king faces) 达摩克利斯的剑,比喻将临的危险、处于危险境地。

该习语源出希腊神话。公元前四世纪,叙拉克国(Syracus)国王戴奥尼夏(Dionysius)请他的大臣达摩克利斯(Damocles)赴宴,在他的头上用一根头发悬挂着利剑,以示君王处于危难之状。

Although the president of the company seemed quite secure, he always complained that there was a sword of Damocles hanging over his head.Chinese Interpretation

laconic [lə'kɒnɪk] a.(用词)简洁的,简明的,精练的

throng [θrɒŋ] n. (常与of连用)群,人群 v. 挤入,挤满,聚集,蜂拥

intrepid [ɪn'trepɪd] a. 无畏的,勇猛的

accost [ə'kɒst] v. 走上前去跟某人说话,与人搭话;招呼(不认识的人)

reticent ['retɪs(ə)nt] a. (常与of,about,on连用)沉默寡言的,缄默的,有保留的,含蓄的

sermon ['sɜːmən] n. 训诫,说教,布道

minister ['mɪnɪstə] n. 部长,公使,外交使节,大臣,牧师

corporal ['kɔːp(ə)r(ə)l] n. 下士

John Calvin Coolidge:约翰·卡尔文·柯立芝(1872—1933),美国第三十任总统(1923—1929)

Chief Executive:(美)美国总统,共和国总统;(美国的)州长,市长Keys1. laconic2. accosted3. reticent4. throng5. intrepid6. a7. d8. b9. c10. e

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