作者：杨道云
出版社：暨南大学出版社
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
纺织行业英语（21世纪应用型本科教育行业英语系列教材）试读：
前言
2002年教育部启动新世纪大学英语教学改革，2007年颁布《大学英语课程教学要求》。在该教学文件的指导下，大学英语课程教学改革与建设蓬勃发展，取得了令人瞩目的成绩：创建出以现代信息技术，特别是网络技术为支撑的教学模式，确立了学生在教学过程中的主体地位，开设了资源共享的大学英语学习网站和自主学习视听说学习中心，使英语学习朝着个性化和自主式学习方向发展；课程内容体系也开始向综合类、技能类、应用类、文化类和专业类的必修课程和选修课程相结合的方向扩展。
在过去的10年中，许多地方院校的大学英语课程建设经历了从专科教育向本科教育的过渡，在师资队伍建设、教学文件建设、教学内容体系、教学方法改革等基本建设方面取得了比较显著的成效。但是，目前大多数院校把教学内容定位在基础英语上，把教学目标定位在大学英语四级考试合格率上。显然，这样的教学目标与地方院校应用型人才的培养目标和社会需求是不完全吻合的。地方高校大学英语教学深化改革面临的重大研究课题应该是根据应用型人才的培养目标和社会需求扩展课程内容体系，做到辅助专业、注重实用、面向社会、 服务行业。开发应用型本科教育行业英语教材正是基于上述的分析和改革的需要，目的是培养学生在涉外职场环境下使用英语进行交际的能力，为提升就业竞争力及未来的可持续发展打下必要的基础。
本套教材的开发是在与专业课教师积极合作的基础上，针对应用型本科院校大学英语开设拓展课程的教学需要进行设计的，其突出特色是：（1）突出行业职场交际所需要的英语知识与技能的训练，注重交际语言和技能的实用性、通用性、时效性、典型性和可模拟性。（2）选用的材料反映该行业的发展史及其在技术应用方面的最新或重大成果。听说材料与职场情景密切相关，简短精练；阅读文章的题材以职场交际需求为主线，体裁多样化，如行业人物访谈、行业发展趋势与动向、企业或公司简介、新产品/技术引进与开发介绍等，既体现行业涉外交际的需要，又生动有趣；选用的应用文体现职业需求，简短典型，易读易模拟。（3）练习的设计体现以完成职场任务为导向和引导学生主体参与的教学理念，充分利用group work，pair work，discussion，presentation，project，survey report等学习方式，使练习体现职业性、实践性、交际性和协作性，不仅能为学生创造参与课堂活动的机会，还引导他们到相关企业进行现场学习和实践，完成group project，survey report等学习任务。
本系列教材的每册书包括八个单元，每个单元由五部分组成，即单元目标（Unit Objectives）、听与说（Let's Listen and Talk）、读与写（Let's Read and Write）、职场项目（Workplace Project）、职业沙龙（Career Salon）。书后附有练习答案、参考译文、听力会话和短文的文字材料及光盘。
本书以纺织行业为背景，涉及的题材有纺织业的历史地位及作用、纺织品牌企业、纺织设备的运行原理、纺织材料的种类、绿色环保纺织材料、纺织产品的销售、纺织材料的应用、纺织与服装。
本系列教材的总主编是韶关学院外语学院安晓灿教授和中原工学院外国语学院郭万群教授；《纺织行业英语》是由中原工学院的外国语学院与纺织学院合作完成，主编是外国语学院的杨道云和纺织学院的唐予远，副主编是外国语学院的石开妍；编者有关成勇（第1、4单元）、杨道云（第2、6单元）、张丽君（第3、5单元）、石开妍（第7、8单元）。唐予远老师参与了全书阅读文章部分选材的审阅把关和对相关专业术语英译汉工作的指导。
本系列教材的开发是一次大胆的尝试，目的是推进应用型本科教育大学英语课程的改革与建设，其中难免存在不当和疏漏之处，敬请使用者批评指正。编者2015年3月Unit 1Overview of the Textile Industry答案参见此处Unit Objectives
◆ Learn how to arrange for a booth and talk about textiles in a trade fair
◆ Learn about the historical role of textile products
◆ Learn how to write an offerLet's Listen and TalkListeningSituation 1 Talking with a Potential Customer in a Trade FairTask 1
Listen to a conversation and tick what the customer has said．
□ 1．Good morning，sir．Welcome to our booth．
□ 2．Your booth is arranged very nicely．
□ 3．Could you tell me something about it？
□ 4．Our company has been specializing in bedclothes for many years．
□ 5．I hope we can make a good cooperation in the future．
□ 6．May I know about some of your new products？
□ 7．I'm glad to hear that．Please take your time and look around．
□ 8．I'm planning to visit some factories after this trade fair．Task 2
Listen to the conversation again and complete the following sentences．
Lily：Good morning，sir．Welcome to our booth．
Smith：Thank you very much．Your booth is arranged very 1 ．
Lily：Thank you for your 2 ．Would you like to have a seat？
Smith：Thanks．
Lily：Here's my 3 ．
Smith：Thank you．This is mine．
Lily：Oh，Mr．Smith，you are from America．Have you known about our company before？
Smith：Sorry，I haven't．Could you tell me something about it？
Lily：Yes，our company has been specializing in 4 for many years，and our products have been sold very well all over the world．
Smith：I hope we can make a good cooperation in the future．
Lily：I hope so，too．
Smith：May I know about some of your new products？
Lily ：OK，here are our new products，the 5 ，the pillows filled with rice husks，and 6 ．They are sold very well abroad．
Smith：Oh，so many new products！I should say some of them could be found in the 7 in my country．
Lily：I'm glad to hear that．Please take your time and look around，and you are welcome to our factory sometime．
Smith：Sure，I'm planning to visit some factories after this 8 ．Situation 2 Preparing for a Good Trade Fair BoothTask 3
Listen to a passage and judge whether the following statements are True（T）or False（F）．
1．Trade shows are pleasant and relaxing by nature．（T）（F）
2．Buyers usually walk through the trade show aisles very quickly．（T）（F）
3．You need to decide on your exhibit booth early．（T）（F）
4．You'd better put a table across the entry to prevent possible theft．（T）（F）
5．Every page of what you hand out should bear your booth number．（T）（F）Task 4
Listen to the passage again and fill in the blanks．
Trade shows are，by nature，huge，overwhelming and exhausting．The buyers walk up and down the 1 ．Their heads turn from side to side， 2 for a split second at each booth．What stops them？There are several secrets：
● Select your exhibit booth early so that you can have one of the more 3 places on the trade show floor．Consider a corner booth near the entrances and exits．
● Make sure your trade show booth is designed with clean，simple and 4 that will draw attention．
● Don't put your table across the entry making people reluctant to 5 to enter your booth．
● Have a sign announcing a“ 6 ”on some item which is offered at a significant discount．
● Have“ 7 ”signs on new products or“ 8 ”signs．
● Now that you've attracted lookers，make certain your 9 is on EVERY page of everything you hand out．SpeakingSituation 3 Reserving an Exhibit Booth
Sample Dialogue 1
Mary：Good morning．Dubai Exhibition Center．Can I help you？
Brown：Yes，please．I'm with Sky-Horse Textile Company in China．I'd like to register for the International Textile Exhibition．
Mary：May I have your name，Sir？
Brown：I'm Thomas Brown．
Mary：Let me check，Mr．Brown．Thank you for waiting．Fortunately，there are still some booths available．If you send us your registration form and registration fees within two weeks，it is still possible for you to get one booth．
Brown：What kind of booths do you provide？
Mary：We have standard package booths and non-standard package booths．
Brown：What is the charge for each？
Mary：The nine-square-meter booth costs at least 23，000 yuan RMB per unit while the six-square-meter booth is at least 17，000 per unit．Which one would you prefer？
Brown：One nine-square-meter booth，please．
Mary：Where do you wish your booth to be located？
Brown：Can I reserve a space in the center？
Mary：Sorry，but all the center booths are booked up．We have only corner booths left．
Brown：Oh，I need to consider about it．Thank you very much．Goodbye！
Mary：Thanks for calling．Goodbye！Task 5
Pair work．Start a conversation with your partner according to the situation：
You've read about a textile exhibition held in America on the Internet and now you are calling the exhibition center to ask about the booth．Situation 4 Talking about the Result of an Exhibition
Sample Dialogue 2
Lee：Mr．Huang，what are the results of the exhibition？
Huang：Not bad．
Lee：Could you give me some details？
Huang：We have established business relationships with two new clients，who ordered 20 million RMB of silk skirts．
Lee：Good．
Huang：I also got acquainted with more than 200 customers．
Lee：Oh，wow．
Huang：Customers made more than ten suggestions．There，I held a product showing meeting and a press conference．As a result，our brand has been strengthened．
Lee：Very good！
Huang：Here is the result analysis．I hope the visitors at the exhibition can be our real buyers in 3 to 6 months．What's more，we learned a lot from other exhibitors．
Lee：You are right．I think you've done an excellent job．
Huang：Thanks a lot，manager．Task 6
Pair work．Role-play a conversation with your partner according to the situation：
You've just participated in an international textile exhibition．You are talking about the results of the exhibition with your general manager．Let's Read and WriteReadingTask 7
Read Passage 1 and then work in pairs to speak out the common expressions given in brackets．
1．The raw material may be natural or （化工合成产品）．
2．The ancient methods of manufacturing textiles，namely （平纹织布法、缎纹织布法和斜纹织布法），have changed very little over the centuries．
3．Trade of textiles in the ancient world occurred predominantly on the （丝绸之路），a winding route across lower Asia that connected the Mediterranean lands with the Far East．
4．Clothing and （装饰织物）became increasingly elaborate over the next several centuries，although production methods remained largely unchanged until the Industrial Revolution．
5．Textile manufacture was originally a handcraft practiced by cottage （纺纱工和织布工）and small groups of skilled artisans．
6．In 1734 in Bury，Lancashire，John Kay invented the （飞梭）— one of the first of a series of inventions associated with the cotton industry．
7．In 1764，James Hargreaves was credited as inventor of the （珍妮纺纱机）which multiplied the spun thread production capacity of a single worker．
8．Walter Hunt devised an improved （缝纫机）but abandoned the project because he thought that it would throw poor （缝纫女工）out of work．Passage 1The Historical Role of Textile Industry
The term textile industry（from the Latin texere，referring to weave），originally applied to the weaving of fabrics from fibres，is (1)primarily concerned with the production of yarn，and cloth and the subsequent design or manufacture of clothing and their distribution．The raw material may be natural or synthetic products of the chemical industry．The textile industry touches the lives of all people in one way or another，and plays an important role in economic development and social progress in human history．
Textiles：A Basic Necessity(2)
The use of textiles links the myriad cultures of the world and (3)defines the way they clothe themselves，adorn their surroundings and go about their lives．Textiles have been an integral part of human daily life for thousands of years，with the first use of textiles，most (4)likely felt，dating back to the late Stone Age，roughly 100，000 years ago．However，the earliest instances of cotton，silk and
(5)linen appeared around 5，000 BC in India，Egypt and China．The (6)ancient methods of manufacturing textiles，namely plain weave，(7)(8)satin weave and twill，have changed very little over the centuries．Modern manufacturing speed and capacity，however，have increased the rate of production to levels unthinkable even 200 years ago．
The Silk Road：International Trade of Textiles
Trade of textiles in the ancient world occurred predominantly on the Silk Road，a winding route across lower Asia that connected the Mediterranean lands with the Far East．Spanning over 5，000 miles and established during the Han Dynasty in China around 114 BC，largely through the missions and explorations of Zhang Qian，the Silk Road was an integral part of the sharing of manufactured goods，cultures and philosophies，and helped develop the great civilizations of the world．During the Middle Ages，simple clothing was favored by the majority of people，while finer materials such as silks and linens were the trappings of royalty and the rich．During the 14th century，however，advances in dyeing and tailoring accelerated the spread of fashion throughout Western Europe，and drastically altered the mind (9)(10)of both wealthy man and commoner alike．Clothing and draperies became increasingly elaborate over the next several centuries，although production methods remained largely unchanged until the invention of steam-powered mechanized facilities during the Industrial Revolution．
Industrial Revolution：From Handcraft to Industry(11)
Textile manufacture was originally a handcraft practiced by (12)(13)cottage spinners and weavers and small groups of skilled (14)artisans．With the technological developments，large and economically important textile enterprises emerged，primarily in the United Kingdom and the other Western European countries．
In 1734 in Bury，Lancashire，John Kay invented the flying (15)shuttle—one of the first of a series of inventions associated with the cotton industry．The flying shuttle increased the width of cotton cloth (16)and speed of production of a single weaver at a loom．In 1764，(17)James Hargreaves was credited as inventor of the spinning jenny which multiplied the spun thread production capacity of a single worker—initially eightfold and subsequently much further．The invention of (18)cotton gin by Eli Whitney in 1792，which could clean harvest cotton (19)with great speed，created a new demand for cotton fabrics．
The textile industry was also accelerated by the commercialization (20)of the sewing machine．In the early 18th century，a number of (21)inventors produced machines that would stitch cloth．In France in (22)1830，Barthelemy Thimonnier received a patent for his sewing machine; in 1841，when 80 of his machines were busy sewing uniforms for the French army，his factory was destroyed by tailors who saw his machines as a threat to their livelihood．At about that time in England，Walter Hunt devised an improved sewing machine but abandoned the project because he thought that it would throw poor (23)seamstresses out of work．In 1848，Elias Howe received a U．S．patent for a machine much like Hunt's，but became involved in legal battles，which he ultimately won，charging many manufacturers with (24)infringement of his patent．The invention of the modern sewing machine is credited to Isaac Merritt Singer．In addition to designing and manufacturing the machine，he created the first large-scale consumer-appliance enterprise，which featured such innovations as an advertising campaign，selling the machines on the installment (25)plan，and providing a service contract．
In one word，the technological advances during the 18th century were not only the impetus for the modern textile industry but they can be credited with the creation of the factory system and the profound changes in family and community life that have been labelled the Industrial Revolution．
The changes in the textile industry continue today as large textile (26)establishments move from the old industrialized areas and countries to new places that promise cheaper labor and sources of energy，while competition fosters continuing technological developments such (27)as computer-controlled automation to reduce labor needs and (28)improve quality．Meanwhile，politicians debate quotas，tariffs and other economic barriers to provide and/or to retain competitive advantages for their countries．Thus，the textile industry not only provides products essential for human beings; it also has a profound influence on international trade and the economies of nations．
(1) 纱线
(2) 众多的
(3) 装饰
(4) 毛毡片
(5) 亚麻布
(6) 平纹织布法
(7) 缎纹织布法
(8) 斜纹织布法
(9) 平民
(10) 装饰织物
(11) 手工业
(12) 纺纱工
(13) 织布工
(14) 工匠
(15) 飞梭
(16) 织布机
(17) 珍妮纺纱机
(18) 轧棉机
(19) 棉织品
(20) 缝纫机
(21) 缝，绣
(22) 专利
(23) 缝纫女工
(24) 侵权
(25) 分期付款销售法
(26) 企业
(27) 自动化
(28) 配额；关税Task 8
Read the passage again and supply the missing words or expressions to complete the following statements in pairs．
1．The first use of textiles was probably ，which dates back to the late Stone Age，roughly 100，000 years ago．
2．Before the Industrial Revolution，textile manufacture was a practiced by cottage spinners and weavers and small groups of skilled artisans．
3．As a predominant route of international trade，the Silk Road was an integral part of the sharing of ．
4．With the invention of the flying shuttle，the width of cotton cloth and speed of production of a single weaver at a was increased．
5．Invented in 1764，the spinning jenny greatly increased the of a single worker—initially eightfold and subsequently much further．
6．A new demand for had been created since cotton gin was invented by Eli Whitney in 1792，which could clean harvest cotton with great speed．
7．The is characterized by the creation of the factory system and the profound changes in family and community life．
8．Driven by competition，computer-controlled was developed to reduce labor needs and improve quality．Task 9
Work in groups and discuss the following questions．
1．What is the textile industry all about？
2．How much do you know about the Silk Road？
3．When was spinning jenny invented？What's the significance of it？
4．Was the commercialization of sewing machine smooth？Why or why not？
5．What is the historical role of the textile industry？Task 10
Read the following sentences taken from Passage 1 and work in groups to translate them into Chinese．
1．The term textile industry，originally applied to the weaving of fabrics from fibres，is primarily concerned with the production of yarn，and cloth and the subsequent design or manufacture of clothing and their distribution．
2．During the 14th century，however，advances in dyeing and tailoring accelerated the spread of fashion throughout Western Europe，and drastically altered the mind of both wealthy man and commoner alike．
3．The invention of cotton gin by Eli Whitney in 1792，which could clean harvest cotton with great speed，created a new demand for cotton fabrics．
4．Isaac Merritt Singer created the first large-scale consumer-appliance enterprise，which featured such innovations as an advertising campaign，selling the machines on the installment plan，and providing a service contract．
5．The changes in the textile industry continue today as large textile establishments move from the old industrialized areas and countries to new places that promise cheaper labor and sources of energy．
Task 11
Work in pairs to complete the statements with the information from Passage 2．
1．As the largest country in East Asia and the most populous country in the world，China is presently the biggest country globally．
2．According to WTO，as of 2006，about 20 million people were employed in China's ．
3．China's National Bureau of Statistics published a report，stating that the country's textile industry witnessed of in July 2009．
4．After joining the Switzerland-based as a member association， hosted the ITMF Annual Conference in Shanghai in October 2009．
5．With the largest domestic market and fast-growing economy，China will be more and more important as as well as ．
6．According to the statistics of ，China's January-June 2009 textile and apparel exports fell compared to the same period in 2008．
7．The approved by the State Council in April 2009，calling on the industry to stabilize and open up export markets．
8．To accelerate replacement of outdated production capacity，the government plans to eliminate 2.3 million tons of outdated ．Passage 2China：The World's Textile Leader
The People's Republic of China—the largest country in East Asia and the most populous in the world—is also the biggest textile-producing，-consuming and-exporting country globally．According to the World Trade Organization's（WTO's） most recent Trade Policy (1)Review of China，as of 2006，approximately 20 million people were (2)employed in the country's textile and apparel industry．Though the global financial crisis has affected its most important industry sector，(3)China is weathering the storm．According to a report published by (4)China's National Bureau of Statistics（NBS），in July 2009，the (5)textile industry reported year-on-year growth of 8.6 percent．(6)
In April 2008，the China National Textile and Apparel Council，which represents China's textile industry，joined the Switzerland-(7)based International Textile Manufacturers Federation（ITMF） as a member association，and in October 2009 hosted the ITMF Annual (8)Conference in Shanghai．In an interview with Textile World Asia，ITMF Director General Dr．Christian P．Schindler explained why the organization selected Shanghai as the location for the 2009 ITMF Annual Conference：“Shanghai is one of the most booming cities in (9)the world，with a huge textile cluster in and around the city．As the world's biggest producer of textiles with the largest domestic market and one of the fastest-growing economies in the world，China is and will be of great importance as a production site and increasingly also as an export market．”
Exports and Imports
China leads the world in exports of both apparel and textiles．According to the WTO's 2008 international trade statistics，the country's apparel exports in 2007 were valued at U．S．$115.2 billion，representing a 33.4 percent share in world exports．Of those，U．S．$32 billion were exported to Asia，U．S．$28.4 billion to Europe，U．S．$27.4 billion to North America，U．S．$13.7 (10)billion to the Commonwealth of Independent States（CIS），and the remainder to the Middle East，Africa，and South and Central America．Its textile exports in 2007 were valued at U．S．$56 billion，representing a 23.5 percent share in world exports．Of those，U．S．$21.4 billion were exported to Asia，U．S．$10.5 billion to Europe，U．S．$9.9 billion to North America，U．S．$4.8 billion to Africa，and the remainder to the Middle East，South and Central America and the CIS．
Because China's textile industry is so dependent on exports，it has been significantly impacted by the global economic downturn．(11)The China General Administration of Customs released statistics indicating the country's January-June 2009 textile and apparel exports fell 10.9 percent compared to the same period in 2008．Textiles declined 15.2 percent to U．S．$26.9 billion，and apparel dropped 8.5 percent to U．S．$45.9 billion．The administration noted，however，that the decline in textile exports was smaller than that of overall nationwide exports．
Textile Industry Plan
The Chinese government continues to place importance on the textile and apparel sector，taking measures to ensure it remains profitable．In April 2009，the State Council in Beijing approved the (12)Adjustment and Revitalization Plan of the Textile Industry，calling on the industry to stabilize and open up export markets．The plan anticipates textile production will grow steadily from 2009 to 2011，(13)with above-scale industrial enterprises adding 1.2 trillion RMB，representing an average annual growth rate of 10 percent．The plan anticipates total textile exports to total U．S．$240 billion，an 8 percent increase per year on average．
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