作者：《新东方英语》编辑部
出版社：《海外文摘》杂志社
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
《新东方英语》中学生2014年11月号试读：
★Preface卷首语★
All Nature Has a Feeling 自然万物皆有灵
◎By John Clare译·赏析/辛献云All nature has a feeling: woods, fields, brooksAre life eterna; and in silence theySpeak happiness beyond the reach of books;There's nothing mortalin them; their decayIs the green life of change; to pass awayAnd come again in blooms revivified.Its birth was heaven, eternal in its stay,And with the sun and moon shall still abideBeneath their day and night and heaven wide.自然万物皆有灵：森林、田野、溪流皆是永恒之生命；它们无声地诉说着书本无法企及的快乐；它们生生不息；腐烂是绿色生命的蜕变；逝去又郁郁葱葱地归来。它源自上天，永恒不灭，在昼与夜的交替中与日月同辉，与昊天同在。赏析约翰·克莱尔(John Clare, 1793~1864)，19世纪英国最重要的诗人之一。他生活在英国北安普敦郡，过着清贫而快乐的生活。克莱尔以擅长描写自然景色而闻名，因此被称为“农民诗人”，其代表诗作有《初恋》(First Love)等。
这首小诗亦是对自然景色的描写，诗中充满了诗人对自然的热爱与感悟。在诗人看来，自然万物都充满灵性，无论是林木、田野还是小溪都有着自己的生命、感情和感知能力。没有人类的侵扰，它们自由而愉快地生活着，永远不会消亡，即使腐烂也是绿色生命的循环，即使逝去也会生机盎然地归来。它们与太阳和月亮一样，永不磨灭。这是一个完美、和谐的自然世界，是诗人心中理想的精神田园，容不得人类的侵扰与亵渎。
从形式上看，诗歌采用了abab的韵式，隔行押韵，最后两行采用了英雄双韵体格式，即每行五个音步，每个音步有两个音节，一轻一重，均衡整齐。诗歌节奏则自然流畅，不拘一格，显示了克莱尔对传统诗歌形式的灵活运用。
★What's Hot特别推荐★
☆I'm Sheldon
Jim Parsons:I Am Not Just Sheldon 吉姆·帕森斯:我不只是谢耳朵
◎By James Mottram 译/赵青奇他生在一个普通的家庭，没有显赫的家世。他与许多演员一样，参加过无数次试镜，跑过各种龙套。到了三十而立的年纪，他仍旧是一个无名小卒。直到“谢耳朵”的诞生，已经34岁的他才被世人熟知。很多人都不敢相信，这位有着一张娃娃脸的搞笑怪咖如今已经年过四旬。对许多人来说，谢耳朵或许比吉姆·帕森斯这个名字更出名。诚然，谢耳朵一角成就了吉姆·帕森斯的今天。但谁又能保证，没有吉姆·帕森斯，谢耳朵还会是那个招人烦又惹人爱的谢耳朵？岁月，没有在他的脸上留下苍老的痕迹。年龄，也未曾阻止他继续前行的脚步。未来，相信会给他一个更璀璨多彩的世界。
It's the morning after the night before. Zach Braffhas the word "BALLS" inkedon his forehead. Peter Sarsgaard is bare-chested. And a little-known Jim Parsons is dressed in a knight's armour, eating a bowl of Lucky Charms. The film is Garden State. Braff's directorial debutfrom 2004. Appearing in just one scene, Parsons is a party guest—arriving straight from work at a medieval themed restaurant. Oh, and he speaks Klingon.
"I loved that scene. It was just right up my alley," smiles Parsons. "Ten years later I look back and go, 'That was the most spoiling experience for a start-up movie you could have!'" More to the point, a decade on, Parsons has become one of America's most beloved sitcomstars, playing Dr. Sheldon Cooper in The Big Bang Theory—a Caltech theoretical physicist with an eideticmemory, an IQ of 187, and an ability to speak Klingon at will.
With the show about to start its eighth season in the autumn, it's already seen Parsons win a Golden Globe and four Emmys, turning him into one of the highest paid comedy stars of his generation. But it's about more than just trinketsand trophies, thanks to Parsons' affectionate portrayal of a super-nerd who loves DC Comics, Battlestar Galactica and action figures.
In an era when superheroes and sci-fi dominate the box office, the popularity of The Big Bang Theory proves that Sheldon and his flatmates are not quite the social outcasts they were styled as when the show started back in 2007. They're the Friends for our generation.
一夜痛饮，清晨酒醒。扎克.布拉夫的额头涂着“舞会”两字，彼得.萨斯加德(编注：美国著名男演员)光着膀子，彼时尚无名气的吉姆.帕森斯穿着一副骑士盔甲，吃着一碗“喜福汇”。这一场景出自布拉夫2004年的导演处女作——电影《情归新泽西》。帕森斯只在这一幕露了个脸，饰演一位从一家中世纪主题餐厅刚下班就直接来赴宴的客人。对了，他还说着克林贡语。“这一幕正合我意，我当时很喜欢，”帕森斯笑着说，“十年后回头再看，我会说‘对一部处女作电影而言，再没有比这更让人受宠若惊的经历了！’”更重要的是，十年后的帕森斯已经成为美国观众最喜爱的情景喜剧明星之一，饰演《生活大爆炸》里的谢尔顿.库珀博士(编注：常被称为“谢耳朵”)——加州理工学院的一位理论物理学家，博闻强识，智商187，能说一口流利的克林贡语。《生活大爆炸》第八季将于今年秋天开播(编注：本文发表于2014年9月初)，这部剧使帕森斯赢得一次金球奖和四次艾美奖，使其跻身同代人中片酬最高的喜剧明星之列。然而，《生活大爆炸》的成功远不止斩获了大大小小的奖杯，而这多亏了帕森斯倾心演绎出了一位喜爱DC漫画、动画片《太空堡垒卡拉狄加》和动作玩偶的超级书呆子。
在超级英雄和科幻类电影雄霸票房的时代，《生活大爆炸》的备受追捧证明谢尔顿及其那些室友并不完全是该剧在2007年开播之初所塑造的社会另类。他们是我们这代人的《老友记》式的偶像。
Now, Parsons is back in Braff's second film as director, thirtysomethingdramedyWish I Was Here. In the story, Braff plays Aidan, a struggling actor whose life collapses when his father announces he has cancer. Parsons is Paul, a fellow actor who meets Aidan at the ritualistichumiliation that is the audition process—something Parsons, like all actors, knows only too well.
"It resonated very strongly," he nods, "and I think it was very evident that this was a scene written by an actor; that entire waiting room scene—waiting to go in, and sitting beside your competition, is something that you are either born comfortable with or learn to be comfortable with very early on ... or you have to get out of the career! Hearing somebody murmuring the lines under their breath, saying the words you're going to have to say ... It's a very interesting experience."
Raised in Houston, the son of an elementary school teacher and the president of a local plumbingcompany, Parsons determined to become an actor at the age of six—when he played a bird in a school production of Kipling'sThe Elephant's Child. Still, his love of acting "ebbedand flowed" during his school years. He even briefly toyed withthe idea of being a weatherman, taking a year away from acting in college as he learned storm fronts.
Yet being a weatherman was not to be; he failed the course and realised he had to return to acting—or he'd regret it. "I had a vision of becoming a bitter, middle-aged man!" But how to go about it? Working for an experimental theatre company in Houston, he was making ends meetin day jobs "to support my acting habit"—but there weren't enough full-time opportunities. "I was never brave enough to throw my knapsack on my back and head to New York or even L.A."
目前，帕森斯再次归来，出现在布拉夫执导的第二部电影《心在彼处》中。这部情景喜剧围绕一位已过而立之年的人物展开。布拉夫在片中饰演一位名叫艾丹的演员，在他的父亲声称自己罹患癌症后，艾丹生活陷入困境，苦苦挣扎度日。帕森斯饰演的也是一位演员，名叫保罗，在参加试镜时结识了艾丹。和所有的演员一样，帕森斯对于试镜这一惯常令人倍感羞辱的过程可谓如数家珍。“我对试镜那场戏深有感触，”他点点头说，“我觉得很明显这幕戏是一个演员写的。对于整个等候室的场景，比如等着进去试镜、坐在竞争对手旁等，你要么生来就能坦然应对，要么很早就要学会坦然应对……不然的话，你还是趁早退出这行为妙！听别人低声念台词、说着你也将必须要说的话……这种经历很有意思。”
帕森斯在休斯敦长大，母亲是一名小学教师，父亲是当地一家水暖设备公司的总裁。帕森斯六岁就立志要成为一名演员，当时他在改编自吉卜林作品《大象之子》的校园剧中扮演了一只鸟。不过，上学期间他对表演的喜爱“时冷时热”，他甚至一度萌生过当气象员的想法——上大学期间他占用了一年演戏的时间去学习风暴锋面。
然而，当气象员注定不是帕森斯要走的路。他没能通过那门课程，于是觉得自己还是得走演戏这条路，不然他会追悔莫及。“我曾设想过自己将来会变成一个苦闷的中年男人！”但怎样才能圆他的表演梦呢？他曾在休斯敦的一个实验戏剧剧团打杂，每日的工作使他勉强维持生计，来“支撑我的表演喜好”，但休斯敦并没有多少成为全职演员的机会。“我当时根本没有足够的勇气背起背包去纽约闯荡，甚至连洛杉矶都没有勇气去。”
Eventually, he took a master's in classical theatre at the University of San Diego before he headed to New York—a world of off-Broadway plays, commercials, TV bit parts, and those endless rounds of auditions. He can still remember the horror-shows—accidentally knocking out the power switch while trying out for a Martin McDonagh play—but he's never been fearful. "The one way I always feel about auditions, or certainly try to, is a mantraof: 'This could be my one chance to play this role.'"
In the case of The Big Bang Theory, Parsons aced itso convincingly that co-creator Chuck Lorre asked him to return the next day to ensure it wasn't a fluke. He admits there was something in Sheldon he understood: the inability to read sarcasm or emotions. He sighs when asked if he shares any of Sheldon's more nerdy behavioural tropes. "Oh God ... I'm sure I'm nerdy in some ways, but more than being nerdy, I'm old!" Now 41, he likes to go to bed early. "As far as partying and going out goes, I don't even have the remotest desire!"
Actually, Parsons is far less socially awkward than Sheldon. He talks freely, eruditely, and in detail—everything from his recent trip to Wimbledon, supporting his "e-mail buddy", Canadian player Eugenie Bouchard, to his magnificent cameoin The Muppets, playing the piano during the performance of "Man or Muppet".
最终，帕森斯取得了圣迭戈大学古典戏剧方向的硕士学位，之后才前往纽约——在那里他演过非百老汇戏剧，拍过广告，跑过龙套，参加过无数轮试镜。他仍然记得那些吓人的表现——参加马丁.麦克多纳(编注：英国导演)的一部戏的试镜时，他不小心碰到电源开关，导致片场断电——但他从来没有胆怯。“对于试镜，我一向怀着或者说努力怀着的唯一念想是：‘试镜可能是由我来演这个角色的唯一机会。’”
就拿《生活大爆炸》来说，帕森斯当时的表现出类拔萃，令人心服口服，以至于该剧的联合制片人查克.洛尔要求他第二天再来试一次镜，以确保头次试镜成功不是纯属侥幸。帕森斯坦言，他能理解谢尔顿的某个特点：不能识别他人的嘲讽或情绪。当被问及他是否还有其他类似谢尔顿的书呆子表现时，他叹气道：“唉，这个嘛……我敢肯定，我在某些方面确实像个书呆子，但我不仅呆，而且还老！”帕森斯今年已经41岁，喜欢早睡。“对于聚会和出游，我现在一点儿也提不起兴趣！”
事实上，帕森斯在待人接物方面远比谢尔顿要大方得体。他讲起话来轻松自如，旁征博引，不厌其详——从最近前往温布尔登(编注：英国著名的国际网球比赛场地)支持他的“邮件好友”加拿大网球选手尤金妮亚.布沙尔，一直谈到《布偶大电影》里为歌曲“Man or Muppet”的演奏提供钢琴伴奏的精彩客串。
Yet he clearly adores Sheldon, a character that fits him as closely as his Green Lantern T-shirt. "One of the questions people love to ask is 'What do you want for Sheldon?' I have no wants for him. I open the script every week and, yeah, sure some episodes are more interesting to me than others, but as an overall character arc, I have never felt like I'm tired of playing the same thing."
Calling himself "a sucker", he's already preparing for the maelstromof emotions that will surface when the show finishes. "It's hard to imagine, knowing the end is coming and letting it come and feeling ... certainly not a sense of remorse ... I don't know if lose is the right word either. Organic death? That's the best way I can put it, if things go well! That's what it will be. For something that has already affected my life to a huge degree. I may have a life outside of the show, but this has had an enormous impact upon me either way. And that will be sad."
The question is: how do you escape a character like Sheldon? Even Braff's film contains an obliquenod—when Paul winds up trying out for just the sort of sci-fi Sheldon would love. So he's not worried about typecasting? "Yes and no," he says, cautiously. "I'm not looking to play another scientist, or genius or even probably another Star Trek fanaticat this point. That being said, I was charmed by the idea of playing somebody [in Wish I Was Here] who was dabbling inthose things in a different way."
It helps that he's been getting strong word for his turn in The Normal Heart, Glee creator Ryan Murphy's television film based on Larry Kramer's play about the HIV/AIDS crisis in early 1980s New York. Playing opposite Julia Roberts and Mark Ruffalo, Parsons reprisedthe character of Tommy—one of the founders of an AIDS crisis organisation and a role he played in a 2011 production of the play that marked his Broadway debut.
然而，帕森斯无疑深爱谢尔顿。他演这个角色正如他穿那件绿灯侠T恤一样，合适般配。“人们常爱问我的一个问题是‘你想对谢尔顿提出什么要求？’我对他没有任何要求。我每个星期都会打开剧本，没错，有几集确实会比其他几集更能引起我的兴趣，但从整体人物的发展变化上来看，我从来没有觉得自己厌倦了表演相同的东西。”
帕森斯说自己“入戏太深”，他已经在酝酿这部戏剧终之际他将流露的纷乱感情。“很难想象那种感觉。明知结局正在逼近，却又只能任其来临，这种感觉……肯定不是后悔……我也不知道说失落是否恰当。曲终人散？这是我能想到的最好的结语，如果一切进展顺利的话！一切将会如此。因为这部戏已经深深地影响了我的生活。戏外我可能过着正常的生活，但不管怎样，这部戏已经对我产生了巨大的影响。而剧终将会有些令人悲伤。”
现在摆在帕森斯面前的问题是：怎么才能从像谢尔顿这样的一个角色中跳出来？甚至连他参演的布拉夫的电影也隐约带着谢尔顿的影子——保罗最终选择参演的科幻片正是谢尔顿会喜欢的那种。因此，难道他就不担心角色定型吗？“也担心，也不担心，”他小心翼翼地说，“现在我不想再演另一个科学家或是天才，甚至可能还包括另一个《星际迷航》迷恋狂。但话又说回来，我倒乐于演[《心在彼处》里的]一个能将这些人物糅杂起来的花样翻新的角色。”
帕森斯在电视电影(编注：只在电视上播放的电影)《平常的心》里的表演广受好评，这对他大有帮助。《平常的心》由《欢乐合唱团》的制片人瑞安.墨菲出品，改编自拉里.克雷默写的剧本，讲述了20世纪80年代早期纽约爆发的那场艾滋病疫情。在该片中，帕森斯跟朱莉娅.罗伯茨(编注：美国知名女星)和马克.鲁法洛(编注：美国著名男演员)演对手戏，重新演绎了汤米一角——一家艾滋病疫情防控组织的创立者之一。2011年，帕森斯曾在自己的百老汇处女作中演过这个角色。
"To me at least that proves the point I had to make to myself all along—just keep moving and find the people who don't need convincing, like in this case Larry Kramer and Ryan Murphy, who felt I could do it, and strongly so. And that's what you do—you ride with the people who believe in you. So if there is anything to work out, and shakea little bit, from a character [like Sheldon], that's the only way to do it. Or maybe go and live in a cave for 20 years and come back looking completely different—with plastic surgery."
That won't be necessary, with Parsons' movie career beginning to ramp up—from voicing an alien in DreamWorks' forthcoming animation Home to a role in Visions, a horror about a pregnant woman suffering from extreme hallucinations. Parsons seems delighted at this sudden array of very un-Sheldon like roles. "There are a lot of different characters to play and a lot of different shoes to walk in. And in all aspects of the industry."
Does this mean he feels like following Braff into directing? There's a pause. "It's not that I would say 'no'. But I'm 41 now, and I have yet to reach a part of my life where the acting hasn't made me feel completely satisfied, with whatever this is that I'm doing on this Earth ... it has made me feel very happy. I don't know if this is because I have a lot of other aspects of my life to go along with it, and that's very fortunate ... I don't know." And for once, he's lost for words.“对我来说，至少这可以证明我一直坚持的一点——只管不断前行，去找到那些相信自己的人。就拿这部片子来说，拉里.克雷默和瑞安.墨菲都觉得我能演好，而且对此深信不疑。这才是你要做的——跟那些相信自己的人共事。因此如果要放下过去，并能稍稍摆脱一个[像谢尔顿一样的]角色，这是唯一可行的方法。要不然可能就得找个山洞隐居20年，做一通整形手术换副模样再回来。”
帕森斯大可不必如此。他的电影生涯已经开始起步——从给梦工厂即将推出的动画片《家园》里的一个外星人配音，到出演恐怖片《幻觉》(讲述的是一位孕妇遭受极端幻觉折磨的故事)里的一个角色。帕森斯似乎很喜欢这一系列突如其来的非谢尔顿型的角色。“还有很多不同的角色可以去演，有很多不同的经历可以去尝试。这一行里的方方面面都可以去试试。”
这是不是说帕森斯想要步布拉夫的后尘去当导演？帕森斯停顿片刻后说：“这并不是说我会说‘不’。但我今年已经41了，而且我还没有进入不完全满足于演戏的人生阶段，不论是演什么角色……演戏让我感到很开心。我不知道这是不是因为除演戏之外我的生活还有很多其他事情可做，这是非常幸运的……我不知道。”仅此一次，他不知道该说些什么了。
7 Questions for Jim Parsons 吉姆·帕森斯答影迷七问
◎From time.com 译/渡哲如果给你一个机会向美剧《生活大爆炸》中的谢耳朵扮演者吉姆·帕森斯提问，你会问什么呢？无论你有没有答案，都不妨看看下文，或许这些影迷们已经说出了你的心声哦~
Q:Has playing a physicist on television changed how you regard science? 在电视上饰演物理学家是否改变了你对科学的看法？
—Wen Zhang, Athens, Ohio
张文(俄亥俄州阿森斯市)
A:I was very fascinated with meteorologyat a young age. I lived on the Gulf Coast, and hurricanes blew through there. That is the class I failed in college: meteorology. I didn't have an interest in the particulars—but what a wonderful basis for a show. I think it's one of the greatest things we have going for us [on The Big Bang Theory]. But I'm not watching more nova.
我小时候对气象学非常着迷。那时我住在墨西哥湾沿岸，常有飓风从那里吹过。而我在大学挂掉的课程就是气象学。虽然我对该课程的细节内容不感兴趣，但这对一部剧来说是多好的基础啊。我认为这是我们[在《生活大爆炸》中]所拥有的对我们有利的事情中最了不起的一件。不过我现在没有再观察新星了。
Q:How do you manage to make an easily unlikable character a likable one? 你是怎么设法把一个很容易不讨人喜欢的角色演得讨人喜欢的呢？
—Julia Hall, Madera, Calif.
朱莉娅·霍尔(加利福尼亚州马德拉市)
A:[The writers] are careful to soften the edgesof the harsher words. The other thing is the way the characters are reacting to him—with exasperationand a resignationthat they're going to put up with it. That translates to the audience as, "Oh, well, they're saying it's OK." I don't try to soften it. Frankly, a lot of times the point is to irritate.
[编剧们]很小心地把那些有些刺耳的话变得不那么尖刻。另外就是其他角色对他的反应——发怒之余夹杂着打算容忍他的无奈。而这到观众那里就变成了“哦，好吧，他们是在说这没关系”。我并没有试图软化尖刻之处。说实话，很多时候要的就是惹恼别人。
Q:Do you find yourself inadvertentlymimickingSheldon's odd qualities? 你有没有发现自己会在无意间模仿谢耳朵的怪癖？
—Michelle Lacy, Brick Township, N.J.
米歇尔·莱西(新泽西州布里克镇)
A:I have a tendency to rattlelike he does. There's a musicalityto the way he talks. That will sometimes carry over into my own speech. But which came first? Was I doing that before I did this part? I'm not entirely sure.
我跟他一样有讲起话来喋喋不休的倾向。他说话有种乐感。有时这种乐感会出现在我自己说的话里面。不过是哪个先出现的？在饰演这个角色之前我说话就这样吗？我不是完全肯定。
Q:Although it hasn't been addressed on the show, Sheldon clearly has some degree of Asperger'sor autism. How did you prepare to play such a character? 尽管电视剧里没有明确提到，但是谢耳朵明显患有一定程度的阿斯伯格综合征或自闭症。你当时为饰演这个角色是如何准备的？
—Michelle Shea, Falls Church, Va.
米歇尔·谢伊(弗吉尼亚州福尔斯彻奇市)
A:I didn't. We had already shot and aired several episodes before I was ever asked the Asperger's-or-autism question. I asked the writers, and they were like, "No, he doesn't have it." It's been useful to us to utilize some of those "Aspergian" traits, but we need to be able to move away from it if we want to.
我没准备过。当时我们已经拍完并播出好几集了，我才被问及阿斯伯格综合征或自闭症这个问题。我问了编剧们，他们就说：“不，他没有这个问题。”利用“阿斯伯格综合征”的某些特点对我们还是有用的，不过我们需要能够从中走出来，如果我们想那样的话。
Q:Do Sheldon's jokes ever go over your head? 谢耳朵讲的笑话会让你觉得无法理解吗？
—Rick Morgan, Seattle
里克·摩根(西雅图)
A:Yes and no. David Saltzberg, our science consultant, will [sometimes] put a written joke in formula form on the whiteboard that I don't get. And sometimes, even after explanation, I just don't find it funny. That's not because it's not funny. It's because I am probably a little too dumb to get it. Every once in a while they write a joke in plain English that I don't understand how to make work, and I will find out that I have missed the boaton their intent. That's been blessedly rare.
也会也不会。我们的科学咨询顾问戴维·萨尔茨伯格[有时]会在白板上以公式的形式写一个我看不懂的笑话。有时我甚至在听过解释之后，还是不觉得好笑。这并不是因为那个笑话不好笑，而是因为我可能有点过于愚笨，体会不出来。他们时不时地用浅显的英语写一个我不明白为什么好笑的笑话，然后我会发现自己没跟上他们的节奏。幸好这种情况很少。
Q:What are some of your favorite sci-fi books, TV shows, or movies? 你最喜欢的一些科幻书、电视剧或电影是什么？
—Suzi Beerman, New Castle, Wash.
苏济·比尔曼(华盛顿州纽卡斯尔市)
A:My favorite sci-fi movie of all time is Close Encounters of the Third Kind. I was a huge Star Wars fan as well—but Close Encounters, I love. It creeped me outand made me feel comforted at the same time. There is life out there.
一直以来我最喜欢的科幻电影是《第三类接触》。我过去也是《星球大战》的铁杆粉丝——不过现在《第三类接触》才是我所爱。这部电影当时让我感到害怕，同时也令我感到安慰，因为在外太空有生命存在。
Q:If you were strandedon an island with no technology, what three things would you bring? 如果你被困于没有科技的孤岛，你会带哪三样东西？
—Marc Bigras, Sturgeon Falls, Ont.
马克·毕格哈斯(安大略斯特金福尔斯镇)
A:A piano. A notepad. What else? This is hard. You know what? I'm going to leave the notepad, and I'm going to take both my dogs. But they'd die.
一架钢琴。一台平板电脑。还有什么呢？这太难选了。你知道吗？我打算不带平板电脑，而是带上我的两条狗。但是它们会死的。
☆心系慈善
Meet the Guy Who Made ALS "Ice Buchket Challenge"Go Viral 来，认识一下“冰桶挑战者”的发起人◎By Eleanor Goldberg 译/祝莉丽今年8月，微博上掀起了ALS冰桶挑战赛的狂潮，中国的科技大佬和明星们纷纷上传自己被冰水浇个透心凉的视频，呼吁大众关心ALS患者。ALS冰桶挑战赛不是第一个另类的慈善活动，但却是最成功的慈善活动之一。其覆盖地域之广，包括欧洲、亚洲、美洲等的许多国家；其参与者之多，从政治家、科技大佬到运动员、影视明星再到平头百姓，无所不包；其募捐之成功，使ALS协会截至8月底就已募得超过一亿美元，是去年同期的36倍；其影响之深远，让男女老少都开始关注并主动去了解ALS这种罕见的疾病。这样一场声势浩大的慈善活动，究竟是什么人发起的呢？
By now, you've probably seen at least a handful of your Facebook friends risk humiliationand hypothermiaby dumping ice on their heads in the name of ALS.
Within just a few weeks, the grassroots "ice bucket challenge" reached Mark Zuckerberg, who naturally challenged Bill Gates to do it next. The rules, after all, demand that you task a friend to participate or donate money. After Ethel Kennedy—widow of RFK—dousedherself in ice cubes, she challenged President Obama to do the same. He opted to take the contribution route instead.
Pete Frates—the 29-year-old guy who's being credited with getting this quirkystuntoff the ground—waited until Aug.14th to get soaked. The native Bostonian, who was diagnosed with ALS two years ago, did it in his beloved Fenway Park, surrounded by Red Sox manager, John Farrell, third baseman, Will Middlebrooks, and a number of his family members, including his pregnant wife, according to ESPN.
Initially, Frates said on Facebook in July, "ice water and ALS are a bad mix." But Frates deserves a break for waiting, even if he sat back and watched 200 people in Copley Square get involved in the challenge in his honor on Aug. 7th. It was the event that put the ice bucket challenge on the mapand all over social media, the AP reported. After all, his commitment to getting the word outhelped bring in nearly $6 million for ALS organizations, according to ESPN. It's these kinds of staggeringfigures he had been hoping for from the very beginning.
Back in 2012, Frates was experiencing some of the quintessentialALS symptoms, but he didn't know it at the time. He Googled some of what had been bothering him and he was shocked when a number of sites pointed him to ALS—a progressive neurodegenerativedisease that leads to muscle weakness, loss of the use of arms and legs and difficulty speaking, breathing and swallowing.
迄今为止，你可能已经看到，你至少有好几个Facebook好友冒着丢面子和体温过低的风险，以ALS (编注：即肌萎缩侧索硬化症，该病症的患者又称“渐冻人”)的名义将冰块浇在了自己的头上。
在短短几周内，源自草根阶层的冰桶挑战赛就蔓延到了马克·扎克伯格(编注：Facebook创始人)那里，他自然而然地向比尔·盖茨发起了挑战，请他接力。要知道，冰桶挑战赛的规则就是要你挑战一个朋友，让其要么参与，要么捐款。在埃塞尔·肯尼迪(美国前总统罗伯特·F·肯尼迪的遗孀)用冰水将自己浇湿以后，她向奥巴马总统发起了挑战，请他也这么做。不过，奥巴马选的是捐款。
29岁的皮特·弗雷茨一直被认为是这一怪“把戏”的发起人，但他等到8月14号(编注：本文写于8月15日)才把自己浇湿。弗雷茨是土生土长的波士顿人，两年前被诊断出患有ALS。他当时是在他深爱的芬威球场上接受的挑战。据ESPN (编注：指美国娱乐与体育节目电视网)报道，当时在场的还有“红袜队”的主教练约翰·法雷尔、三垒手威尔·米德布鲁克斯，以及弗雷茨的许多家人，他怀孕的妻子也在其中。
最初，弗雷茨于7月在Facebook上说过：“冰水和ALS结合起来非常糟糕。”但是弗雷茨有理由休息一下，静静等待再接受这个挑战——虽然他在8月7日不动声色地观看了200人在科普利广场以他的名义参与了挑战。据美联社报道，正是这件事使冰桶挑战赛名声大振，席卷了社交媒体。毕竟，据ESPN报道，弗雷茨承诺要帮助宣传，而此举给诸多ALS机构带来了近600万美元的善款。这些惊人的数字正是他从一开始就在期待的。
早在2012年，弗雷茨身上就一直在出现ALS的某些典型症状，但他当时并不知道那是身患ALS引起的。他在谷歌上搜索了一些一直困扰着他的情况，震惊地发现许多网站都将他的情况指向了ALS——一种进行性神经变性症，可导致肌肉无力，四肢功能丧失，讲话、呼吸和吞咽困难。
He was "devastated", he wrote in a blog for Huffington Post. But in that moment, he was also reinvigorated. This kind of debilitatingdisease wasn't "supposed" to strike a strong accomplished athlete like Frates.
The former Division Icollege baseball player saw his dreams come true when he hit a homerun in the Beanpot Championship at Fenway. However, just as soon as Frates got his diagnosis, he decided to devise a new dream.
Two years after his diagnosis, the disease—which has no cure or treatment—has advanced quickly. Frates is now paralyzed, can't talk, and relies on a feeding tube to eat. He's able to communicate by using eye-tracking technology.
But as is the case with many people living with ALS, Frates' mind is sharp. "Inside I'm as sharp as ever—if not sharper than I've ever been," Frates said in a video posted to his website. "Because when you sit and can't really move, when you're observing all day ... you notice every little thing. My memory has gotten better. I just notice things I didn't notice before."
Frates has already fulfilled one part of his new dream, getting the world to talk about ALS and empty their pockets for organizations that are researching a cure. The next part, though, he can only hope will come as soon as possible.
"My dream is for this article to be found by someone in a Google search one day," Frates wrote in his Huffington Post blog, "and for he or she to wonder how anyone ever could have died from something treated so easily."
他当时“崩溃”了，他在《赫芬顿邮报》网站的博客中这样写道。但也就在那一刻，他又振作了起来。这种令人变得虚弱不堪的疾病不“应该”击倒一位像弗雷茨那样坚强的优秀运动员。
弗雷茨以前是甲级大学棒球手，当他在芬威球场举办的“豆锅锦标赛”中击出了全垒打时，他见证了自己梦想成真的那一刻。然而，就在弗雷茨拿到确诊书的那一刻，他立刻决定设计一个新的梦想。
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