作者：侯毅凌主编
出版社：外语教学与研究出版社
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
《英语学习》2017年1—6期合订本(精选)试读：
本刊难度等级：
【E】＝easy 简易【I】＝intermediate 中级【C】＝challenging 较难【A】＝advanced 高级2017年第1期
海外采风
C Lessons from Nature and Life大自然与生活的教导By Aaron Anthony Vessup
∷黄湘淇 注
自然四季循环交替，万物代代更迭，人类生老病死。这本是最基本的规律，但科技的进步让人有了种可超越自然法则的错觉，执迷于“更高、更快、更强”。实际上，即便是机械设备在运行时也会发生损耗，也有一定的使用周期。在快节奏的生活中，人更要好好利用生命中的“冬日”，给自己一点时间平心静气地休养生息，为的是待到春暖，自然花开。
"Winter is coming" is one frequent refrain from the popular 1televised series Game of Thrones. In truth, whether we are young or old, winter may already be here.
Winter, plays a vital part in nature's cycle teaching us through plants, trees, and colorful flowers that "all good things must come to an 2end" over time. However, rebirth and restoration often brings a 3greater glory and appreciation for the natural beauty seen around us. From this reality we live in expectation and hope, waiting for the return 4of Spring, Summer, and ultimately Fall.5
Each day when I take my bike for a spin around the city streets, I am reminded that technology also teaches us lessons. Specifically, when the bicycle chain inevitably slips out of gear and refuses to shift 6properly, some man-made things needs attention, repair, or replacement. The hand brake-lines keep reacting faulty when I 7squeeze the handle extra-hard trying to stop. I tell myself that this bike is only six years old, not rusty looking, and the bright yellow paint 8with sharp black and red trim still gleams like new when washed. Everything should continue to function well.
Yet, more irritating elements associated with this bike are 910mounting. The back tire had two flats and needed to be replaced. The seat and handle bars now keep slipping, spinning, and need 11frequent adjustments. Yesterday, the rubber pedal on the right side 1213broke away from my foot pressure when going up-hill. This mishap revealed bare metal gleaming from the broken rubber piece actually forming the foot pedal. Seeing this caused me to remember that pedal arm attached to the bicycle frame on this same side had broken off the 14first day I rode home from Wal-Mart.15
"Winter is coming." For many this means a time to clean, oil up, repair and adjust equipment that begs for attention around the house. In the case of my two-wheel transportation, some people have 16suggested, "Why don't you just get a new bike for safety's sake?" My 17reluctance, however, stems from loyalty, fond attachment. Also, I cling to a belief that I should be a bit patient and resourceful, simply 18replacing worn-out parts when required. After all, there are many very old bicycles wheeling about Beijing's busy streets. Surely my 19transportation machine can hold up for a few more years.
However, as I try to swing my legs over the seat while getting on the bike, race up subways stairs, or hoist myself quickly into a bus being pushed and meshed between impatient passengers, one truth 2021becomes clear: "Winter is coming." My legs and joints do not respond quickly and reliable like in the past. Extra efforts are needed.
A few months ago, hiking the Great Wall on an overnight camping expedition, I realized at the end of four and a half hours I needed more 22rest and restoration than ever. My heart rate beat furiously, my limbs and joints ached, and every muscle in my tired body screamed for 23relief. Admittedly, these pains were nothing like having a broken 24limb, cracked ribs, or surgery. Yet, the world suddenly seemed to be a very unfriendly place. Nevertheless, having in the past endured 25extreme physical exhaustion when in sports contests, I could take some comfort in the saying: "What doesn't kill you makes you stronger." Also, I keep telling myself this sport season is ending, 26"Winter is coming", and soon I can hibernate getting much needed rest.27
It is a fact that we all need to take a break from training routines, hard jobs, and frequent repeated tasks, to restore our bodies and minds. This is like recharging a much-used mobile phone. Senior citizens know these things and many other secrets of nature. Time teaches patience, and the cycle of nature is all about time. Often to merely pause and wait is the best solution for many challenges we face. Indeed, sometimes we just need to proceed more slowly than simply being in a rush. Some of the best "Art" is usually produced from patient, step-by-step application of specific techniques. This is just as 28simple as climbing up a steep mountain one small step at a time.
I recall my first Metal Shop class in Junior High School, teacher, Mr. Moreno, gave all of us small, thick, hunks of cold, hard, iron 2930ingots. He then showed us a beautiful gleaming hammer. "This is what you can produce if you are willing to work patiently." We all 31looked at the finished piece in disbelief. How could such an ugly, useless piece of iron become a thing of beauty, we complained. Over time, however, each of us amazed ourselves at what we eventually achieved: beautiful gleaming tools just like our teacher had promised and claimed that we could produce.
作者和他的自行车
注释
1．refrain：叠句，重复；televised series：电视连续剧；Game of Thrones：《权利的游戏》，是美国HBO频道播出的一部中世纪史诗奇幻题材的电视连续剧，该剧以美国作家乔治·R.R.马丁的奇幻巨作《冰与火之歌》七部曲为基础改编创作。
2．play a vital part in：在……中扮演至关重要的角色；all good things must come to an end：天下无不散之筵席，凡美好之事必有终结之时。
3．rebirth：重生，复兴；restoration：恢复。
4．ultimately：最后，终于。
5．for a spin：兜风。
6．inevitably：无可避免地；slip out of：从……中滑出；gear：齿轮；shift：换挡。
7．hand brake-line：手刹拉线；faulty：出故障的；squeeze：挤，紧握；handle：手柄；extra-hard：特别用力，使劲。
8．我跟自己说，这辆自行车才六年车龄，也没锈迹斑斑，亮黄色的车漆，带着鲜明的黑红涂装，刚刚洗完看起来就跟新的一样闪闪发光。rusty：生锈的；trim：装饰，饰边；gleam：闪光。
9．irritating：气人的，使愤怒的；associate with：与……有关系，与……相联系；mount：增加。
10．flat：漏气车胎。
11．spin：旋转；adjustment：调节。
12．rubber pedal：橡胶踏板；foot pressure：足底压力；up-hill：上坡。
13．mishap：灾祸，不幸事故。
14．pedal arm：踏板臂；bike frame：车架；break off：折断。
15．oil up：上油。
16．for safety's sake：为了安全起见。
17．reluctance：犹豫；stem from：起源于，来自；fond：喜爱的；attachment：依恋，喜爱。
18．cling to：坚持；resourceful：随机应变的，机智的；worn-out：磨破的，不能再用的。
19．hold up：支撑，承受住。
20．然而，当我试着蹬腿上车、急冲上地铁阶梯，或者在焦躁的乘客中连挤带推登上公车时，一句真言愈发清晰：“凛冬将至。”race up：向上跑；hoist：使……上升；mesh：原指机器部位相互啮合，这里形容人挤人的状态。
21．joint：关节。
22．几个月前，在一次一个晚上的长城露营远足中，我意识到在四个半小时的登山运动后，我需要长于以往的休整恢复。expedition：远足游览。
23．furiously：猛烈地，狂暴地；limb：肢，臂，腿；scream for：强烈要求；relief：（痛苦、焦虑等的）减轻，解除。
24．admittedly：无可否认地，应当承认的是；cracked ribs：肋骨折断；surgery：外科手术。
25．endure：忍受；exhaustion：体力耗竭，筋疲力尽。
26．hibernate：冬眠，处于不活动状态。
27．routine：例行公事，惯例。
28．steep：陡峭的。
29．metal shop：金属加工车间；hunk of：大块的；ingot：锭，铸块。
30．hammer：锤子。
31．in disbelief：难以置信地。
32．pay off：得到好处，收到效果。
33．heed：注意，留心。
34．这句涉及两首歌：一是“Autumn Leaves”，（《秋叶》），由法裔作曲家Joseph Kosma（1905—1969）创作于1945年。上世纪中叶，美国艺人Johnny Mercer将其改写成英文版“Autumn Leaves”，在美国大为风行，电影《廊桥遗梦》就出现了这首乐曲；另一首是1960年老歌“The Second Time Around”，由Bing Crosby演唱，曾提名奥斯卡最佳原创歌曲奖。
35．mythical Chinese Phoenix：指的是“凤凰涅槃，浴火重生”，在传说当中，凤凰是人世间幸福的使者，每五百年，它就要背负着积累于人间的所有痛苦和恩怨，投身于熊熊烈火中自焚，以生命美丽的终结换取人世的祥和与幸福，喻指人们在肉体经受了巨大的痛苦和轮回后才能得以重生。mythical：神话的，虚构的；phoenix：凤凰；majestic：庄严的，宏伟的。C Let's Go Europe (VI): England at Last!重返英格兰c
By Christine M Cafferty
∷魏聪 注
在欧洲旅行的途中，作者因为误了早上去英国的巴士而不得不在布鲁塞尔再待到晚上，但她没有浪费这一天时间，而是去了布鲁塞尔各个有名的景点，误车这个小小的错误却让她有了最开心的经历。当作者最终到达了英格兰，心里感受又如何呢？1
I was on my trip around Europe, and about to leave Brussels for England where I was going to be meeting up with my school friend Shannon so we could do our European year of travel together.
There was just one problem. I had missed my bus due to being out late the previous night with Helga and her friends. Having missed a plane before, I had an idea what to do. Step one was to beg for the next available ticket, at no extra cost of course. Tears were useful in achieving that goal. Step two was to make the most of the situation, and that's what I did.
I managed to get a ticket on the bus leavin g that night. Now I had to entertain myself for 10 hours and, in the centre of Brussels, which I still had not yet seen, I should have no problem.2
Top of my list was the "Grand Place", the central square of Brussels. Take note that that needs to be pronounced with a French 3accent, if you want to achieve a measure of French sophistication. In 4Flemish (Dutch), it is known as the Grote Markt (large market). It no 5longer is a market, but the neighbouring streets are named after the sellers of cheese, butter, fish, coal, and so on. In the Grand Place, you are surrounded by opulent halls, the city's Town Hall, and the Museum 6of the City of Brussels. Although the buildings are in a clashing combination of Gothic, Baroque and Louis XIV styles, the effect is 7harmonious. It has been voted the most beautiful city square in 8Europe and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is a great place to be.
It is traditional to stroke the statue of the dying Everard t'Serclaes 9which is in one corner of the square, and make a wish. What better way to extend your moments in this beautiful place. Everard t'Serclaes was a liberator of Brussels in the 1300s and he died as a result of 10injuries following a revenge attack on him by his enemies. The tradition of touching the statue started during World War I. The Nazi Germans had occupied Belgium, even hoisting their flag of the 11Swastika on the town hall at the Grand Place. Tormented by the 12occupation and longing for liberation, the people of Brussels started the tradition of touching his hand and making a wish for liberation. If you are wishing for a year of happiness, superstition has it that you should run your left hand from his forehead all the way to the head of 13the dog at his feet. Even though I do not believe in luck or follow superstitions, I did this hoping for a wonderful year of travel. It certainly had started well.
小于连铜像
埃弗拉德·塞克拉斯雕像
Some lovely old streets then led me to the"Manneken Pis" (little 14boy urinating). There has been a statue in that spot of a little boy doing what little boys should not do in public since 1388. There are 15many different legends behind the statue. The most famous is of 16Duke Godfrey III of Leuven. The Duke was only two years old in 171142 when his troops went to battle against an enemy. The Duke was said to have been hung in a basket in a tree to encourage his men. From there, the boy urinated on the enemy's troops, who lost the 18battle. It is believed that the statue was erected in his honour.19
The statue is dressed in different outfits several times each week. Some of the outfits are very old and they include the uniforms of different trades and professions, and of the government, civil, and 20military services.
The statue has been stolen a few times. The last time was in 1963. Some students of Antwerp University "hijacked" the Manneken 21Pis for five days. The students demanded money which they 22donated to two orphanages. It was then handed back to the authorities. As a result, the statue there now is not the original; the original has been put in the nearby museum for safe-keeping.23
I then wandered into an area called The Sablon. It is on a hill in a historic part of Brussels. In the 1500s, many rich and noble families 24built houses in the area, but today it is more of an arty kind of area. There are two squares to visit. The bigger of them is the Grand Sablon. Surrounding it are many antique shops, fashion boutiques, hotels, restaurants, pastry shops, and wellknown Belgian 25chocolatiers. Belgium is famous for its lovely chocolates, some of 26them made in the shape of seashells.27
I was lucky as I chanced upon the Sablon Antiques and Books Market. I could have spent hours lost in looking at all these fascinating 28objects. There I met a chubby and friendly artist. He told me that he was a political activist—he knew those two words in English. That 29sounded very intriguing but I never managed to figure out exactly what political views he held. I sat beside him and rested for an hour while he painted, spoke mostly in French so I couldn't understand much, and shared his lunch from his basket with me. It was a happy moment.
Soon it was turning to evening and I still had a few hours to pass. Spending money was not a good idea for me, however a girl needs to eat and a girl needs to sit down inside sometimes too. It was getting a 30little chilly outside. There was one last place my Let's Go Europe 31travel guide insisted I see, and that was Place Ste-Catherine. It was the former site of the fish market in years past and, although people no longer sell fresh seafood here, it is home to the best seafood restaurants in Brussels. As you walk down the narrow lanes, you are called on from every side by restaurant maitre d's, "Eat here", "We've 32got the best deal", and "Come try our…” It was hard to decide where to eat but eventually I settled on the place that seemed to offer the 33best deal, and set about eating a fish dish that I could not say the name of.
This most delightful day had all been the result of missing a bus. I didn't want to miss the next one though, so I headed to the bus station and climbed on early. I was tired and ready to go to England! From Belgium, you travel through France to its northern coast to get the ferry to England. Night had fallen so I did not see much of France, a country 34I'd waited half my short life to see. We went through Lille, or so I was told. Then it was onto the port town of Calais where we got on the ferry 35headed to England. Going on a ferry was very exciting; basically I was on a ship going to England! Again it was dark, so I couldn't see much.
Sitting up when you're meant to be sleeping is not much fun but it falls to every true traveller to do this sometimes; and when you are 36young and seeing the world, you should not complain. Nonetheless it was a huge relief for me to see the sunrise over the sea as what is 37called The White Cliffs of Dover came into my view. To be honest till that moment, I didn't really know to expect them, but the words "the White Cliffs of Dover" sounded strangely familiar and made me feel that I truly was arriving in England at last.38
The high cliff face owes its white colour to the chalk it is made of. The cliffs spread east and west from the town of Dover, which is an ancient English port that is still important today. They face toward 39Europe at the narrowest part of the English Channel which is the channel that separates France and England. It was typically here that invasions threatened and so the imposing cliffs became a symbol of 40Britain's defence. The white line of cliffs was also the first or last 41sight of England for almost all travellers before the advent of air travel.42
After finally being allowed to disembark from the ferry, I walked straight to my bus. We travelled straight to London in about two hours 4344along the motorway. To say that I was thrilled to be driven through London cannot describe my emotions. It felt like I'd arrived at the centre of the world. I think that for people who grow up in the former colonies of England, England seems like a homeland and arriving 45there is a kind of homecoming. Everything seems déjà vu. I could only wonder what adventure awaited me there.
Next month Christine spends a night in London before heading to meet her former school friend Shannon. Where is Shannon living, and will Christine be able to get some work?
注释
1．Brussels：布鲁塞尔，比利时首都，也是比利时最大的城市。
2．Grand Place：布鲁塞尔大广场，位于布鲁塞尔市中心，建于公元12世纪。Grand Place是法语词，直接借用到英语中，但依然采用法语的读音。
3．take note：注意，留意；measure：程度；sophistication：高水平，精通。
4．Flemish：佛兰芒语，是比利时荷兰语的旧称；Grote Markt：即Grand Place，是荷兰语大广场的说法。
5．name after：以……命名。
6．opulent：豪华的，华丽的；Town Hall：市政厅；the Museum of the City of Brussels：布鲁塞尔城市博物馆，位于市政厅对面。
7．尽管这些建筑融合了哥特式、巴洛克式以及路易十四世时期不同的建筑风格，但效果十分和谐。clashing：冲突的，不一致的；Gothic：哥特式的（12至16世纪流行于西欧的建筑风格，以尖拱、尖窗和细长柱为特色）；Baroque：巴洛克风格的（17至18世纪早期流行于欧洲，气势雄伟、装饰华丽的特色反映在建筑、绘画和音乐等艺术上）；Louis XIV：路易十四世，是17到18世纪法国国王，在位期间修建了凡尔赛宫，宫殿以华丽壮美的古典主义著称，路易十四的建筑风格指的是以凡尔赛宫为代表的建筑风格；harmonious：和谐的，融洽的。
8．UNESCO World Heritage Site：联合国教科文组织世界遗产地。
9．stroke：轻抚，轻触；Everard t'Serclaes：埃弗拉德·塞克拉斯（1320—1388），是古代的比利时民族英雄。雕塑家朱利恩·狄冷斯（Julien Dillens）在19世纪建造了他的雕像，据说用左手触到这个雕像的手腕则会交到好运，实现愿望。
10．埃弗拉德·塞克拉斯是14世纪布鲁塞尔的解放者，他遭到敌人报复性攻击，之后死于重伤。liberator：解放者，解救者；revenge：报复，复仇。
11．Nazi：（1933—1945年间德国的）纳粹分子，法西斯分子；Belgium：比利时；hoist：升起，吊起；Swastika：纳粹万字旗，卐是一种古代的宗教符号，本代表着和平与持续，在二战前被德国纳粹党用作旗帜符号和党徽。
12．torment：折磨，使……痛苦；long for：渴望。
13．如果你要许愿得到一年的幸福，迷信的做法是你应该用左手从雕像的前额摸到他脚边狗的头部才能实现。superstition：迷信；forehead：前额。
14．Manneken Pis：撒尿小童像，又名“小于连”，由比利时雕刻家杰罗姆·杜奎斯诺伊于1619年完成，历史上，撒尿小童像曾几经磨难，原作雕像现珍藏在博物馆内，而位于布鲁塞尔市中心恒温街及橡树街转角处的铜像则是1965年做成的复制品；urinate：小便，排尿。
15．legend：传说，传奇（故事）。
16．Duke Godfrey III of Leuven：比利时鲁汶市戈弗雷三世伯爵（约1140—1190）。
17．troops：［复数］军队，士兵。
18．erect：建造，竖起；in one's honour：向……表示敬意，纪念。
19．outfit：（尤指在特殊场合穿着的）全套服装。
20．civil service：政府文职机构，行政部门；military service：兵役。
21．Antwerp University：安特卫普大学，位于比利时北部安特卫普市；hijack：劫持，控制。
22．orphanage：孤儿院。
23．wander：闲逛，漫步于；The Sablon：萨布隆，是比利时布鲁塞尔历史城区附近的一个高地，其核心是位于西南方的大萨布隆广场和位于东南方的小萨布隆广场。
24．noble：贵族的，显贵的；arty：有艺术气息的。
25．antique：古董的，古式的；boutique：精品店；pastry：面制糕点，油酥糕点；chocolatier：巧克力制造商。
26．seashell：海贝壳。
27．chance upon：偶然遇见，偶然发现。
28．chubby：胖嘟嘟的，丰满的。
29．intriguing：非常有趣的，迷人的。
30．chilly：寒冷的，严寒的。
31．Place Ste-Catherine：圣凯瑟琳广场。
32．lane：小巷，小路；call on：请求，邀请；maitre d'：即maître d'hôtel，餐厅服务员领班；deal：待遇。
33．set about：开始，着手做。
34．Lille：里尔，法国北部工业城市，靠近比利时边界。
35．Calais：加来，法国北部港市，朝向多佛尔海峡，提供去往英格兰的渡轮；ferry：渡轮。
36．本该睡觉时不得不熬夜，这并不是一件有趣的事，但有时每位旅行者都要面临这样的境况，而且当你年轻并且想要看看世界时，不应该抱怨太多。sit up：熬夜。
37．尽管如此，当太阳在海面升起，多佛尔的白色悬崖进入眼帘时，我还是感到了很大的宽慰。nonetheless：尽管如此；relief：宽慰，轻松；cliff：悬崖，峭壁。
38．chalk：白垩，很久之前由小型海洋动物的壳形成的灰白色岩石。
39．English Channel：英吉利海峡。
40．通常在英吉利海峡最窄处，英国会受到海上入侵的威胁，而雄伟的白色悬崖就成了英国防卫的标志。typically：通常，一般来说；invasion：入侵，侵略；imposing：壮观的，宏伟的。
41．advent：到来，出现。
42．disembark：下船，上岸。
43．motorway：高速公路。
44．thrilled：非常激动的，兴奋的。
45．déjà vu：〈法〉似曾相识。I The Benefits of Travelling: a UK Student旅行，是一种回归
By Aoife Inman
∷柒月 注
旅行，是为走出去，也是为回归。一些人积攒护照上的印戳以炫耀人生经历，一些人视旅行为塑造人格、为人生履历添辉的工具，每个人对旅行的意义都有独特的认知。而在作者看来，旅行其实是“兜转一圈后更爱自己”的历程。于文化差异中更深刻地了解本国文化，从而变得更热爱自己的文化属性，这就是旅行的意义。
In the UK we often equate life experience, especially amongst 1younger generations, with the number of stamps in your passport. That is to say travel is regarded as an enriching life experience that will 2make your C.V. stand out amongst the other thousand applicants. Travel is not simply a pursuit of leisure but also "character-building", 3"defining" and potentially "career-boosting".
I can agree that for most of us at university, we would collectively 4agree that we have all caught the "travel bug". Most of the people I know here at university experience that same itch to get in a plane, train, bus or car and escape the hectic stress of deadlines and 5seminars that usually surrounds us. But I don't think, as UK students, 6we can blame our addiction to international travel simply on a 7stressful life. Yes I have a lot of things to juggle and it's a fine balancing act managing my part-time job, my degree and my social life to a perfect level. But really I think we are the first generation in a truly open world, where we can get anywhere, see anything and experience every culture under the sun, at the click of a button, the purchase of a ticket.
Many people I met whilst working in China were surprised at the number of countries I'd travelled to. Compared to friends and family I 8consider myself vastly under-travelled. I've yet to even set foot across the pond in the U.S.A and Canada, let alone South America and even 9within Europe my checklist of destinations is far from complete. But more eye opening for me, I was also met by astonishment at how little 10geographical traversing I had done within my own borders. This was something I had not really considered before and as I left Beijing I felt an overwhelming appreciation not just for the rich culture of China but 11also for the diverse localities within the UK. How much of my own country had I really seen and experienced? To those from a place as vast and varied as China, Britain was really so small in comparison and so to have spent 20 years there and not seen every nook and 12cranny of it was quite surprising.
I spent a while engaged in a conversation with a Chinese colleague over the difference in building style, in architecture from the 13Highlands of Scotland to the Cornish coast. Now for most people this sounds dreary and dull, and I guess I am biased as a student of history 14that I find anything remotely historical fascinating. However it was not the geological variety of stone within British cities I found 15interesting, which even I can agree is hardly a riveting subject. What was curious was that it was something I had never even considered, and yet here was someone intrigued by something I had simply taken 16for granted.
"Yes." I agreed with her, "It is remarkable to find so much diversity
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