考研英语二考前预测5套题(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)


发布时间:2020-08-07 06:01:03

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作者:新东方国内大学项目事业部

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考研英语二考前预测5套题

考研英语二考前预测5套题试读:

全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)预测试卷一

考生注意事项

1. 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则。

2. 答题前,考生应按准考证上的有关内容填写答题卡上的“考生姓名”“报考单位”“考生编号”等信息。

3. 答案必须按要求填涂或写在指定的答题卡上。(1)英语知识运用、阅读理解A节、B节的答案填涂在答题卡上。填涂部分应该按照答题卡上的要求用2B铅笔完成。如要改动,必须用橡皮擦干净。(2)翻译部分的答案和作文必须用黑色字迹签字笔在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内作答。字迹要清楚。

4. 考试结束后,将答题卡一并装入试题袋中交回。Section I Use of EnglishDirections:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

Bread is the only food meeting salt target, survey finds. Bread rolls are the only  1  foodstuff likely to meet 2017 salt-reduction targets, research shows. The  2  industry will miss almost every target set to  3  the amount of the “hidden killer” in processed food.

The 2017 goal had been that by the  4  of this year products should contain no more than 1.13g of salt per 100g. A survey  5  by Consensus Action on Salt and Health (Cash) found the only food group  6  to scrape into this range is “bread and rolls”. After examining all 28 categories of  7  food, researchers could not find  8  other item coming close to meeting targets. Doctors and scientists  9  that Galaxy Ultimate Marshmallow Hot Chocolate is saltier  10  seawater—and that a single serving has more salt than a packet of crisps.

The public health responsibility deal was  11  by government in 2011 to encourage manufacturers to self-regulate. Targets for 2017 were set in 2014 and Cash agreed to  12  the scheme by recording the salt  13  of common foodstuffs in UK shops and supermarkets. The recommendations were designed to  14  consumers eating no more than the recommended 6g of salt a day. A high-salt diet has been  15  to high blood pressure, heart disease and stroke. Health campaigners are calling on public health officials to  16  set new targets for 2020 and push food companies to meet this year's recommendations.

Looking at a shopping basket of everyday food items, researchers found for every high-salt option, healthier low sodium alternatives were  17 . In comparing the two sets of groceries, they found a difference of 57g of salt  18  the healthy choice and the salt-laden set of goods.

Graham MacGregor, professor of cardiovascular(心血管的) medicine at Queen Mary University of London, called the findings “a national scandal.” He added,“The UK was leading the world in salt reduction,  19  Public Health England are doing nothing to ensure  20  2017 salt targets are met.”

1. [A] managed [B] manifested [C] manipulated [D] manufactured

2. [A] foodstuff [B] bread [C] food [D] diet

3. [A] power [B] lower [C] promote [D] load

4. [A] end [B] means [C] bottom [D] beginning

5. [A] carried on [B] carried out [C] carried over [D] carried off

6. [A] like [B] unlike [C] likely [D] alike

7. [A] produced [B] proceeded [C] preserved [D] processed

8. [A] any [B] many [C] some [D] few

9. [A] invented [B] discovered [C] investigated [D] innovated

10. [A] as [B] as well as [C] than [D] then

11. [A] make up [B] line up [C] put up [D] set up

12. [A] monitor [B] modernize [C] moderate [D] modify

13. [A] contact [B] content [C] context [D] contest

14. [A] let [B] bet [C] get [D] met

15. [A] mixed [B] associated [C] reacted [D] linked

16. [A] efficiently [B] diligently [C] effectively [D] urgently

17. [A] available [B] affordable [C] avoidable [D] approvable

18. [A] among [B] between [C] beyond [D] through

19. [A] and [B] however [C] but [D] or

20. [A] what [B] which [C] this [D] thatSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1

A reading program designed to help men become better fathers is associated with better parenting skills as well as behavior and learning improvements in kids, a small study has found.

Researchers focused on Head Start centers in New York City, where programs are designed to improve school readiness for children younger than 5. Researchers randomly assigned 126 families to either participate in a reading-based parenting program with eight weekly sessions or join a control group of people on a waiting list for the program.

Fathers in the parenting program watched videos showing dads reading with children and making exaggerated errors. The men discussed better approaches and were encouraged to practice these strategies when reading at home with their own sons and daughters. Among other things, the program tried to improve such parenting skills as establishing consistent routines and spending time with children doing things chosen by the young people. The program also encouraged dads to use praise and rewards to promote good behavior and to use distraction or reduced attention to discourage negative behavior.

Children with fathers in the program had significantly bigger improvements in behavior and language development during the study period than the other children, researchers report in the Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology. Fathers in the program also reported improved discipline approaches and promotion of their children's psychological growth by the end of the study. When researchers observed how dads' interactions changed after the program, they found that fathers made fewer critical statements to their children and used more positive parenting behaviors such as praise and affection.

In addition to its small size, one limitation of the study was the lack of follow-up data to see whether the program had a lasting effect, the authors note. The reading approach used in the program may work well with preschoolers but not with older kids, said Anil Chacko, a psychology researcher at New York University and the study's lead author.

Still, the study suggests that approaches previously tested to help mothers improve parenting can also help fathers, said Caroline Kistin, a pediatrics researcher at Boston University who wasn't involved in the study. “Shared reading supports child cognitive development, but probably more importantly, helps children develop the ability to pay attention and cooperate,” Kistin said by email. “For these social-emotional skills, the shared experience—sitting close together, pointing out pictures, making connections between the book and daily life—are critical.”

21. Which of the following statements is the purpose of the reading program?

[A] To help parents improve their way taking care of their children.

[B] To promote fathers' skills in being better dads.

[C] To help children better their behaviors and learning skills.

[D] To establish the connection between parenting and learning skills.

22. Head Start centers in New York City conduct studies on __________.

[A] equipping young children with sufficient preparation for attending school

[B] providing parents with a reading-based parenting program

[C] putting fathers on a waiting list for a reading-based parenting program

[D] improving children's psychological growth and language development

23. Which of the following did fathers do in the parenting program?

[A] Watching videos showing parents reading books and making mistakes.

[B] Discussing better parenting ways and practicing these skills.

[C] Spending time doing things decided by themselves.

[D] Criticizing their kids for wrongdoings or negative behaviors.

24. Children with fathers in the parenting program made greater progress in __________.

[A] linguistic and behavioral skills

[B] psychological and cognitive skills

[C] social and emotional skills

[D] reading and learning skills

25. The main idea of this text is that __________.

[A] shared reading program supports child cognitive development

[B] reading-based parenting program helps both mothers and fathers

[C] reading with dad seems to improve behavior and learning in children

[D] the reading approach used in the program may work well with all kidsText 2

In the future, cars will not need drivers. Pity. SHARON can park herself. At a signal from a smartphone, a system of tiny computers activates her engine, gearbox and steering—and she reverses smoothly into a parking space. Sensors stop her from bumping into other cars or people. Pilotless cars, such as the Volkswagen Sharan (nicknamed Sharon), are no distant dream. Many people at this week's Frankfurt Motor Show were asking not only how the cars of the future will be powered, but who or what will drive them.

“Where does the car end and the phone begin?” asked Chris Anderson, the editor of Wired magazine, at a brain-storming session organised by Audi, a carmaker. A future car will be more like a computer on wheels, networked with the surrounding infrastructure and other vehicles. Even if it comes with a steering wheel, the “driver” will have the Knight-Rider-esque option of being piloted while he video-conferences, answers e-mails or looks on a screen at an annotated view of the world whizzing by.

The threat to the taxi drivers parked outside the show is obvious. But Frankfurt's cabbies are a sceptical bunch. Driverless taxis? Not in my lifetime, says one. “It's science fiction,” scoffs another.

In tough times, many carmakers are innovating like fury. Some are recasting themselves as “mobility service providers”. This means hawking car-related software and other add-ons. For example, for those who prefer to hire or share cars—as young city-slickers increasingly do—there is software to make them feel at home in any vehicle, by instantly switching the radio and other settings to their tastes. Some carmakers are also tempting buyers with more mundane services, such as priority parking or cheap deals on fuel (whether petrol, hydrogen or electricity). Or, to help them let off steam, they might offer an annual spin with that gas-guzzling sports-utility vehicle of their dreams.

Even in changing times, there is still plenty of passion for a flash motor. Hence the covetous sighs that greeted the new Ferrari 458 Spider, which was unveiled on September 13th. Alongside it was Ferrari's first four-wheel drive four-seater. “Different Ferraris for different Ferraristi!” exclaimed Luca di Montezemolo, Ferrari's boss. Even Volkswagen's new single-seater electric commuter, with its narrow body and wide wheelbase, looks rather like a 1950s racing-car.

26. We may learn from Paragraph 1 that pilotless cars are operated by __________.

[A] human being drivers

[B] certain carmakers

[C] a system of microcomputers

[D] some remote sensors

27. Which of the following statements is true?

[A] Sharon is a driverless car produced by Volkswagen.

[B] Audi is a carmaker focusing on computers that activate wheels.

[C] Ferrari 458 Spider is a four-wheel drive four-seater car.

[D] Volkswagen's new electric commuter can't run fast.

28. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that some taxi drivers' attitude towards pilotless car in Frankfurt is __________.

[A] positive

[B] indifferent

[C] ridiculous

[D] dubious

29. It can be concluded from Paragraph 4 that __________.

[A] carmakers develop new softwares to provide consumers with mobility services

[B] car manufacturers promote car users' priority in parking and fueling gasoline

[C] auto manufacturers resort to various innovations to pull customers in hard times

[D] automakers attract young urban drivers by making them feel at home in cars

30. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

[A] What Is Future Car Like—a Flash in a Pan?

[B] Autoficial Intelligence—Where Does the Car End and the Phone Begin?

[C] Can Smartphones Keep Your Cars Intelligent as Human Drivers?

[D] Are Future Self-driving Cars a Blessing or a Menace?Text 3

A proposed $10 billion cross-border consolidation play illustrates how payment services have come from a dusty banking backroom to the front lines of financial activity. Worldpay, once the inhouse processor for Royal Bank of Scotland in the U.K., has agreed in principle to a cash-and-shares takeover proposal from Vantiv, a former joint venture between Fifth Third Bank and a private-equity group.

The reasons for the deal, announced Wednesday, are simple: Retailers want to be able to accept payments in many more forms than in the past, while customers and international tourists increasingly expect to be able to use whatever form of payment they wish. This is a technological headache that payment companies have been investing heavily to solve.

Vantiv already is the leading processor of card transactions in the U.S., ahead of First Data, according to the Nilson Report, an industry research firm. Worldpay is the leading U.K. processor. But it isn't the U.K. business that Vantiv is really after: It is the U.K. company's global e-commerce offering, which focuses on serving online businesses and provides 46% of Worldpay's earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. The agreement between Vantiv and Worldpay is preliminary.

There were no details on potential cost savings and the companies warned a formal offer may not ultimately be made. There will be an average premium to Worldpay shares of about 20% in the three months before the offer was made, according to FactSet. However, news of a potential bidding battle between Vantiv and J.P. Morgan on Tuesday sent Worldpay shares up nearly 30%. On Wednesday, J.P. Morgan said it doesn't intend to make an offer and Worldpay stock lost about half those gains. By late U.S. morning Wednesday, Worldpay was trading just 0.5% below the value of Vantiv's potential offer.

Payments consolidation will continue because retailers and consumers want to be able to accept and spend money anywhere. When Worldpay first listed on the U.K. stock market in 2015, it had just turned down a takeover offer from Ingenico, a French payments group. Another payments company could yet be tempted to jump in with a competing bid. Worldpay investors can wait to see what the details of a Vantiv takeover really promise.

31. The phrase “a technological headache” (Paragraph 2) most probably means __________.

[A] how to provide payment services without dusty banking backroom

[B] how to create different means of payments in the most front lines of financial activity

[C] how to use computers and Internet in cash payments and charge payments

[D] how to use various forms of payments to meet both sellers and buyers' requirements

32. We can infer from the third paragraph that Vantiv wants to take over Worldpay because __________.

[A] Worldpay is the largest payment company in Great Britain

[B] Vantiv has the ability to control online payment in U.S.A.

[C] Worldpay has an extensive business both at home and abroad

[D] Vantiv is ambitious to be the leading company in e-commerce

33. Which of the following is true according to the text?

[A] Worldpay and Vantiv have theoretically come to consensus on the consolidation.

[B] Vantiv and Worldpay are both originally joint ventures in banking.

[C] Worldpay and Vantiv shareholders will have the same shares and dividends later.

[D] The agreement by Vantiv and Worldpay is still in the preparation stage.

34. J.P. Morgan and Ingenico are mentioned to show that __________.

[A] there are several potential competitors bidding for the consolidation

[B] J.P. Morgan is a giant company and Ingenico can't rival it

[C] Worldpay will not accept either of them as the merging partner

[D] J.P. Morgan and Ingenico can exert great influence on Worldpay shares

35. We can learn from the last paragraph that __________.

[A] Ingenico is a potential opponent of Vantiv

[B] coalition of payments company is a trend in business

[C] there is another French venture intending to take over Worldpay

[D] Worldpay shareholders take an optimistic attitude towards the mergeText 4

When Uncle Joshua, a character in Peter De Vries' 1959 novel, The Tents of Wickedness, says that nostalgia “isn't what it used to be,” the line is played for humor: To those stuck in the past, nothing—not even memory itself—survives the test of time. And yet Uncle Joshua's words have themselves aged pretty well (despite being widely misattributed to Yogi Berra): Technology, though ceaselessly striving toward the future, has continually revised how we view the past.

Nostalgia—generally defined as a sentimental longing for bygone times—underwent a particularly significant metamorphosis in 1888, when Kodak released the first commercially successful camera for amateurs. Ads soon positioned it as a necessary instrument for preserving recollections of children and family celebrations. According to Nancy Martha West, the author of Kodak and the Lens of Nostalgia, the camera “allowed people... to arrange their lives in such a way that painful or unpleasant aspects were systematically erased.”

Technology is poised to once again revolutionize the way we recall the past. Not so long ago, nostalgia's triggers were mostly spontaneous: catching your prom's slow-dance song on the radio, riffling through photo albums while you were home for the holidays. Today, thanks to our devices, we can experience nostalgia on demand. The Nostalgia Machine website plays songs from your “favorite music year”; another app, Sundial, replays the songs you were listening to exactly a year ago. The Timehop app and Facebook's On This Day feature shower you with photos and social-media updates from a given date in history. The Museum of Endangered Sounds website plays the noises of discontinued products (the chime of a Bell phone, the chirping of a Euro signal pager). Retro Site Ninja lets you revisit web pages from the 1990s.

This is just the beginning: While these apps and websites let us glimpse the past, other technologies could place us more squarely inside it. But although psychologists believe nostalgia is crucial for finding meaning in life and for combatting loneliness, we don't yet know whether too much of it will have negative, even dystopian, effects. As technology gives us unprecedented access to our memories, might we yearn for the good old days when we forgot things?

36. According to Paragraph 2, the Kodak's camera was mentioned to __________.

[A] show its first commercial success

[B] prove that technology once revolutionized the way we recollect the past

[C] introduce an instrument for recording moments of children and family celebrations

[D] illustrate that nostalgia refers to a sentimental longing for the past times

37. People can enjoy the sound produced by the Bell phone by __________.

[A] getting access to a website and playing the recorded sound

[B] going to a museum and listening to those endangered noises

[C] turning on a radio and tuning in to the correct sound channel

[D] using Nostalgia machine and replaying the sound once more

38. The psychologists deem that recalling the past __________.

[A] may not be positive to the nostalgic people

[B] may help people fight against solitude

[C] causes negative feelings in the nostalgic people

[D] exerts undesirable or frightening effects

39. It can be concluded from the text that science and technologies __________.

[A] cannot change people's yearning for beautiful bygone times

[B] may produce unprecedented approach to nostalgic entertainments

[C] will be controlled by psychologists to find significance in life

[D] may plunge people directly into the situation identical to the past

40. The best title of this text might be __________.

[A] Nostalgia—an Emotional Yearning for Pastimes

[B] Camera—the Lens of Nostalgia

[C] The End of Forgetting

[D] Apps and Internet—the End of NostalgiaPart BDirections:

Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

A. What are you good at

B. Practice income disruptions

C. Save for retirement

D. Be prepared for income shock

E. Create a rainy-day fund

F. Keep an optimistic attitude towards income shock

G. Don't be under-insured

No one thinks an income shock—something that disrupts their earnings—will happen to them. But research from The New School for Social Research finds that almost no one is safe from periods of lost income due to a health crisis, job loss or other life transitions in their working years. What's more, lower-income Americans are especially vulnerable, according to research funded by the National Endowment for Financial Education (NEFE). In fact, the research suggests it is not a matter of whether something will disrupt earnings, but when and how severe the effects of such shocks will be. “Income shocks, unfortunately, are common for the majority of American workers,” says Ted Beck, president and CEO of NEFE. So, what can you do to mitigate/manage the risk of having your earnings disrupted?

41. ______________________________

“People saving for retirement should know the biggest risks for

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