作者：圣才电子书
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厦门大学241英语（二外）历年考研真题及详解试读：
2004年厦门大学221英语（二外）考研真题及详解
Part I Vocabulary (20%)
Directions: There are 40 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice to complete the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
1．This university has earned a good _____ for the successful reform in education.
A. resolution
B. solution
C. reputation
D. responsibility【答案】C【解析】句意：这所大学因其成功的教育改革而闻名。earn (have) a good reputation for因……而闻名。resolution决心，决定。solution解决（办法）。responsibility责任，take the responsibility for sth.负起对某事的责任。
2．He found it difficult to establish a new _____ at home after retirement.
A. arrangement
B. schedule
C. routine
D. appointment【答案】C【解析】句意：他退休后，发现在家很难确立新的日常活动。routine常规，惯例，daily routine例行公事。arrangement安排。schedule时间表。appointment任命，约会。
3．According to the _____ of the agreement, the money must be paid back in monthly accounts.
A. provisions
B. arrangements
C. publication
D. contract【答案】A【解析】句意：按照协议条款，钱必须按月偿还。provisions（复数）规定，条款，the provisions of the agreement协议条款。arrangement安排。publication出版，发表。contract契约，合同。
4．A _____ woman wouldn’t weep just because her husband had forgotten her birthday.
A. sensitive
B. sensible
C. rational
D. reasonable【答案】C【解析】句意：一位有理性的女士不会因丈夫忘了她的生日而哭。rational理性的。sensitive 敏感的。sensible明智的，觉察的。reasonable合理的，公道的。
5．You don’t have to choose this course; it’s _____.
A. optional
B. required
C. free
D. operational【答案】A【解析】句意：你不必选这门课，它是选修的。optional 可任意选择的，optional subjects选修课。required要求的，必修的。free免费的。operational业务上的。
6．Last year our school football team won four _____ games.
A. continual
B. succession
C. successive
D. lasting【答案】C【解析】句意：去年我们学校的足球队连续赢了四场比赛。successive连续的。continual不断的，不停的。succession名词，连续，继任；in succession接连地。lasting持久的。
7．I had remembered in _____ detail everything that had happened at that time.
A. minute
B. little
C. vague
D. valid【答案】A【解析】句意：我对当时发生的事记得一清二楚。minute微小的，细致的；minute detail细小的细节。little很少；几乎没有。vague模糊不清的。valid有效的。
8．They will fight against _____ in order to create a fairer society.
A. privacy
B. privilege
C. rights
D. power【答案】B【解析】句意：他们将与特权斗争，以便建立一个较公平的社会。privilege特权，优惠。privacy隐私。right 权利。power力量，权力。
9．You may think that we have been making a profit, but in fact the _____ is true.
A. revision
B. unusual
C. reverse
D. return【答案】C【解析】句意：你可能认为我们赚钱了，其实正好相反。reverse相反，反面。revision修订，修改。unusual不同寻常的。return返回，回报。
10．It was his _____ duty to help his students.
A. independent
B. individual
C. indispensable
D. indifferent【答案】C【解析】句意：帮助学生是他义不容辞的职责。indispensable必不可少的，必需的。independent独立的。individual个人的。indifferent冷淡的。
11．He _____ a short tour in the South.
A. went for
B. went with
C. went around
D. went about【答案】A【解析】句意：他到南方去作短期旅行。go for a tour/trip去旅行；固定搭配。go with伴随；与……相配。go around四处走动；供应；（消息）流传。go about着手做；传开。
12．_____, I agree with your estimate of the situation.
A. In the way
B. On the way
C. In a way
D. In any way【答案】C【解析】句意：在某种程度上，我同意你对形势的估计。in one way或in a way意为“在某种程度上，就某种意义来说”。in the way挡道，妨碍。on the way在路上。in any way以任何方式；无论如何。
13．I’ve never seen so much _____ and disorder anywhere.
A. mass
B. mess
C. mixed
D. messy【答案】B【解析】句意：我从没在任何地方见过这样的脏乱和无序。mess混乱；脏乱。mass大众；民众。mixed混合的。messy散乱的；肮脏的。
14．Please _____ me a cup of tea from the kitchen.
A. take
B. look for
C. carry
D. fetch【答案】D【解析】句意：请帮我从厨房倒一杯茶。fetch取来；拿来；fetch sb. sth.给某人拿来某物。take拿；取；常见搭配为take sth. for sb.。look for寻找。carry搬运；扛。
15．When the thermometer is below zero water will _____.
A. boil
B. freeze
C. steam
D. cool【答案】B【解析】句意：当温度降至零下摄氏度时,水就会结冰。freeze结冰。boil沸腾。stem蒸发。cool冷却。
16．The weather’s so _____ the only thing to do is to stay in.
A. awful
B. favorable
C. agreeable
D. charming【答案】A【解析】句意：这天气太糟糕了，唯一能做的就是待在家里。awful糟糕的；可怕的。favorable有利的；良好的。agreeable令人愉快的；适合的。charming迷人的；可爱的。四个选项都能修饰weather，但根据后半句句意可知应该选awful。
17．It won’t make much _____ whether you go today or tomorrow.
A. relation
B. difference
C. interrelation
D. interpretation【答案】B【解析】句意：无论你是今天走还是明天走都不会有太大区别。make difference有区别；有差别。relation联系；关系。interrelation相互关系。interpretation解释。
18．He was deeply _____ over his son’s financial difficulties.
A. troubled
B. anxious
C. concerned
D. careful【答案】C【解析】句意：他对儿子的经济困难十分担忧。be concerned over 对……的关心／忧虑。troubled烦恼的；苦恼的；常与介词about搭配使用。anxious焦虑的；不安的；一般与介词about或at搭配使用。careful小心的；仔细的；常与介词with搭配使用。
19．They will give you _____ four or five dollars for the watch.
A. at most
B. at all
C. at any cost
D. at the best【答案】D【解析】句意：这块手表他们最多能给你四到五美元。at the best充其量；最多；以(尽可能)最低价格买进。at most至多；最多。at all（否定句）根本；究竟。at any cost不惜一切代价。
20．Peter invented a device for _____ the light automatically.
A. turning down
B. putting through
C. turning off
D. switching back【答案】C【解析】句意：皮特发明了一种可以自动关灯的装置。turn off关掉，关闭。turn down拒绝。put through接通；完成；使穿过。switch back转回。
21．It now becomes necessary to develop the United Nations into an agency with adequate authority to _____ world problems.
A. get rid of
B. knock out
C. cope with
D. run into【答案】C【解析】句意：现在有必要将联合国发展成为一个有足够权威的机构来应对世界问题。cope with处理；应付。get rid of摆脱；脱离。knock out击倒；打败。run into遭遇，陷入；撞上。
22．You can _____ your close friend to help you when you are in trouble.
A. keep on
B. hold up
C. call off
D. count on【答案】D【解析】句意：在你遇到困难的时候，你可以靠你的好朋友帮你。count on指望。keep on继续。hold up举起；阻挡；拦截。call off取消；依次叫名。
23．She _____ completely and had to go into hospital.
A. ran out
B. wore off
C. broke out
D. broke down【答案】D【解析】句意：她身体彻底垮了，不得不进医院。break down（在健康或精神等方面）垮掉，垮下来，(健康等)变得衰弱，衰弱下来。ran out用完；耗尽。wear off磨损；逐渐消逝。break out爆发；突发。
24．After months of preparation, we _____ to climb Mount Everest.
A. set out
B. settled down
C. turned out
D. made out【答案】A【解析】句意：经过几个月的准备，我们开始出发去攀登珠穆朗玛峰。set out to do sth. 着手做某事；开始去做某事。settle down定居；安定下来；专心于。turn out最后是；结果是。make out理解；辨认出。
25．John will _____ in a city where he can get a well-paid job.
A. set in
B. settle down
C. come out
D. put down【答案】B【解析】句意：约翰将在一个可以找到高薪工作的城市定居下来。settle down定居；安定下来。set in开始；到来；流行。come out出现；出版；结果是。put down镇压；记下。
26．The apartment buildings along the street had been knocked down to _____ for a new road.
A. make away
B. make up
C. make out
D. make way【答案】D【解析】句意：街道上的公寓楼已经被拆除，为一条新的道路让路。make way for让路；为……开路。make away急忙离开。make up组成；补足；化妆。make out理解；辨认出。
27．Do you think he can _____ the right answer?
A. take on
B. sum up
C. come to
D. come up with【答案】D【解析】句意：你觉得他能得出正确答案吗？come up with想出；得到；提出。take on承担；呈现。sum up总结。come to到达。
28．_____ your insurance claim, would you please contact our branch office as soon as possible?
A. Out of regard for
B. With regard to
C. In this regard
D. As regard to【答案】B【解析】句意：关于你的保险索赔，您能尽快与我们的分公司联系吗？with regard to关于；至于；相当于in regard to/of。
29．The new science building is well _____.
A. under way
B. under the way
C. in the way
D. by the way【答案】A【解析】句意：新的科学大楼建造正在进行中。under way在进行中；进行着。in the way挡路。by the way顺便提一下。
30．I cannot _____ his handwriting at all.
A. turn out
B. turn up
C. make up
D. make out【答案】D【解析】句意：我完全辨认不出他的字迹。make out理解；辨认出。turn out最后是；结果是。turn up出现；发生。make up弥补。
31．It took her quite a long time to _____ her homesickness.
A. get over
B. get round
C. get down
D. get away【答案】A【解析】句意：她花了好久才克服思乡之情。get over克服；恢复。get around逃避；四处走走。get down下来；吞下；使沮丧。get away离开；逃脱；出发。
32．She got in touch with me _____ her departure.
A. prior to
B. due to
C. as for
D. in case of【答案】A【解析】句意：在她离开之前，她和我取得了联系。prior to在……之前；先于。due to由于。as for至于；关于。in case of以防万一；以免。
33．The tailor asked the man to _____ the half-finished suit to see whether it fits him.
A. take over
B. take on
C. try out
D. try on【答案】D【解析】句意：裁缝让这个人试穿一下还没做好的衣服看看是否合身。try on试穿。try out试验。take over接收，接管，承袭。take on承担，呈现，开始雇佣。
34．The child told her parents most of the story, but _____ the bit about her brother.
A. kept back
B. kept down
C. kept up
D. kept to【答案】A【解析】句意：这个孩子对她父母讲了大多数情况，但没说她哥哥的事。keep back隐瞒，保留。keep down压制，镇压。keep up（使）继续下去，保持。keep to遵守，坚持。
35．Half the houses in the street are being _____ to make room for the new office building.
A. built up
B. held up
C. knocked down
D. pulled down【答案】D【解析】句意：这条街道一半的房子正在拆，在此要建新的办公大楼。pull down拆毁。build up逐步建立，增强。hold up支持，支撑。knock down击倒，撞倒。
36．You must _____ your old license with your application for a new one.
A. send for
B. send in
C. bring forward
D. bring up【答案】B【解析】句意：要把旧的执照连同申请表一起交上来才能换新的。send in呈报，提交。send for函购，函索。bring forward提出，提议。bring up养育，提出。
37．John has to _____ all these documents before he leaves his office today.
A. run through
B. draw up
C. take down
D. keep from【答案】A【解析】句意：约翰今天下班前得把所有的文件浏览一遍。run through匆匆阅读，把……略略过目。draw up起草，拟订。take down记下，写下。keep from阻止，抑制。
38．Alec was sent to the nearest hospital, as he was _____ by a bus on his way work.
A. knocked down
B. knocked out
C. run down
D. run into【答案】A【解析】句意：亚历克被送到最近的医院，因为他在上班路上被一辆公共汽车给撞倒了。knock down撞倒；击倒。knock out敲空；击倒。run down（跑）撞倒；使……变弱；停止。run into遭遇，陷入；撞上，撞到；偶然遇见。
39．He put on his coat and _____ the door.
A. set to
B. got down to
C. headed on
D. headed for【答案】D【解析】句意：他穿上大衣向门口走去。head for走向；前往。set to开始认真干。get down to开始认真考虑；着手处理。head on迎面地；正面地。
40．I would like to go back to teaching but I am _____ with my subject now.
A. out of date
B. out of order
C. out of touch
D. out of contact【答案】C【解析】句意：我想再回去教书，但我现在已经和我的科目脱节了。out of touch脱节；没有接触。out of date过时。out of order发生故障；次序颠倒。out of contact和……失去联系；没有往来。
Part II Reading Comprehension (40%)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Shed with a single line through the center.
Passage One
The fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic exercise (有氧操). Millions of individuals became engaged in a variety of aerobic activities and literally thousands of health spas developed around the country to capitalize (获利)on this emerging interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. A number of fitness spas existed prior to thus aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their focus was not on aerobics, but rather on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular mass, strength, and endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts. These fitness spas did not seem to benefit financially from the aerobic fitness movement to better health, since medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs offered few, if any, health benefits. In. recent years, however, weigh training has again become increasingly popular for males and for females. Many current programs focus not only on developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well.
Historically, most physical-fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, but primarily because such fitness components have been related to performance in athletics. However, in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health benefits as well. The American College of Sports Medicine now recommends that weight training be part of a total fitness program for healthy Americans. Increased participation in such training is one of the specific physical activity and fitness objectives of Healthy People 2000, National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives.
41．The word “spas” (Line 3, Para. 1) most probably refers to _____.
A. sports activities
B. places for physical exercise
C. recreation centers
D. athletic training programs
42．Early fitness spas were intended mainly for _____.
A. the promotion of aerobic exercise
B. endurance and muscular development
C. the improvement of women’s figures
D. better performance in aerobic dancing
43．What was the attitude of doctors towards weight training in health improvement?
A. Positive.
B. Indifferent.
C. Negative.
D. Cautious.
44．People were given physical fitness tests in order to find out _____.
A. how well they could do in athletics
B. what their health condition was like
C. what kind of fitness center was suitable for them
D. whether they were fit for aerobic exercise
45．Recent studies have suggested that weight training _____.
A. has become an essential part of people’s life
B. may well affect the health’ of the trainees
C. will attract more people in the days to come
D. contributes to health improvement as well【答案与解析】
41．B 定位至文章第一段第二句话。句意是：数以百万计的人参加了各种各样的有氧运动，成千上万的健康水疗中心在全国各地发展起来，以利用这一新兴的健身兴趣，特别是女性有氧舞蹈。spas意为“水疗中心”，是用来健身的地方。
42．B 由文章第一段提到的“their focus was not on aerobics, but rather on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular mass, strength, and endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts”可知早期水疗中心的重点不是有氧运动，而是通过重量训练项目来发展肌肉群，力量和耐力。
43．C 文章第一段提到“ medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs offered few, if any, health benefits”，由此可知医学观点认为，体重训练项目对健康没有多大益处。因此医生对体重训练的态度是消极否定的。
44．A 根据文章第二段首句可知：大多数身体健康测试通常包括肌肉力量和耐力的测量，主要是因为这些健康指标与运动能力有关。
45．D 文章第二段第二句提到“in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health benefits as well”，意思是：近年来，有证据表明，为提高肌肉强度和耐力而设计的训练项目可能也会带来一些健康方面的好处。
Passage Two
Slone Hill Mall has fewer large department stores than most malls but, instead, features more than 100 small specialty shops, while the few that are not use yet will be filled as soon as the mall’s owners find proprietors (业主)who fit the mall’s image.
One thing that makes Stone Hill Mall popular was all of the stores remain open from 9 a.m. until 10 p.m., Monday through Friday. This favorable start has certainly been advantageous thanks to such features as its being the only shopping center in the area to provide free baby-sitting for children from two to eight years old and its offering restaurants to suit every pocket, with the possible exception of the highly budget-conscious. Furthermore, as far as movie entertainment is concerned. Stone Hill Mall lops Westgate Mall, which looked very impressive when it opened last year, with three separate cinemas.
Besides, the air-conditioning system makes sure a comfortable inside temperature of 25 degrees centigrade no matter what the weather is like outside, and in addition to his three beautiful fountains, the mall has a quiet garden area with comfortable benches and chairs for shoppers who have become tired.
One complaint about Stone Hill Mall is that it is located outside the city, but there is a regular bus service between the mall and the city center. A further complaint might be that, although the mall is surrounded by trees to make it with the scenery, it will be some years before these can effectively make the main buildings and the vast parking lot a part of the area around.
46．Stone Hill Mall is different from other malls because it has _____.
A. more large department stores
B. more empty space to rent
C. many shops selling special goods
D. shops selling expensive goods
47．Stone Hill Mall is popular with shoppers mainly because of its _____.
A. long business hours
B. attractive restaurants
C. children’s stores
D. entertainment facilities
48．What makes Stone Hill Mall a more favorable shopping place is _____.
A. the prices in the shops
B. the weather in the area
C. the childcare facilities
D. the conditions inside the mall
49．It is implied in the passage that the writer takes a(n) _____ altitude towards the mall.
A. critical
B. indifferent
C. fair
D. one-sided
50．The main purpose of the passage is to _____.
A. compare Stone Hill Mall with other shopping centers
B. introduce the unique features of the mall
C. discuss its strengths and weaknesses
D. draw attention to the inadequacies of shopping centers【答案与解析】
46．C 从文章首句“more than 100 small specialty shops”可知Stone Hill Mall与其他商场不同的地方是它有很多专卖店。
47．A 文章第二段第一句提到“One thing that makes Stone Hill Mall popular was all of the stores remain open from 9 a.m. until 10 p.m., Monday through Friday”，Stone Hill Mall很受欢迎的一点是，所有的商店从上午9点一直营业到晚上10点。从星期一到星期五。由此可知这个商场受欢迎的原因之一是它营业时间很长。
48．D 从文章二、三段可知Stone Hill Mall为2到8岁的孩子提供免费的婴儿看护服务，而且它提供各种适合不同人群的餐厅；商场里的空调温度很舒适，还有花园、长椅等休息区。因此可知商场的环境也使得它吸引了更多的顾客。
49．C 通读全文可知，作者客观地描述了Stone Hill Mall吸引人的地方以及它存在的一些问题，所以作者的态度是公平、公正的。
50．C 文章主要讨论的是Stone Hill Mall的优缺点。
Passage Three
We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted. Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of “weight” as being a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you take a one-pound packet of butter 4,000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.
Why would things weigh only a quarter as much as they do at the surface of the earth if we took them 4,000 miles out into space? The reason is this: All objects have a natural attraction for all other objects; this is called gravitational attraction. But this power of attraction between two objects gets weaker as they get farther apart. When the butter was at the surface of the earth, it was 4,000 miles from the center. When we took the butter 4.000 miles out, it was 8,000 from the center, which is twice the distance. If you double the distance between two objects, their gravitational attraction decreases two times two. If you treble the distance, it gets nine times weaker (three times three) and so on.
So this is one of the first things we need to remember: that the weight of an object in space is not the same as its weight on the surface of the earth.
What about the weight of our pound of butter on the surface of the moon? At the distance the pull of the earth is about 4,000 times smaller than it is here on the surface, so we can forget all about the earth-pull on our butter.
On the other hand, on moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon: but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth or the sun.
51．How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4.000 miles out from the surface of the earth?
A. 1 pound.
B. 2 pounds.
C. 3 pounds.
D. 4 pounds.
52．We find it hard to break free from ideas connected with living on the earth because _____.
A. it demands too great an effort for us to do so
B. we are too familiar with the things to question the ideas
C. we have proved that those ideas are correct
D. we are so sure of ourselves that we never doubt anything on the earth
53．According to the passage, “weight” should be understood in the sense that _____.
A. it is fixed if it is outside the earth’s gravitational pull
B. it decreases four times when it is 4,000 miles from the earth’s center
C. it varies with the change of the gravitational attraction between two objects
D. things increase in amount as they are closer to the earth’s surface
54．We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter because _____.
A. it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own
B. its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it
C. its pull disappears in the presence of the earth’s gravitation.
D. it lends to melt and loses its gravitational pull
55．The main idea of this passage is _____.
A. different weight systems in different places
B. freedom from traditional ideas
C. traveling from the earth to the moon
D. the effect of gravitation on weight【答案与解析】
51．A 根据文章第一段最后一句可知：如果你把一包1磅重的黄油带到离地球4000英里外的高空，它的重量会只有1/4磅。由此可得出，如果把一包4磅重的茶叶带到这个高度的话，它的重量会变成1磅。
52．B 文章首句提到“We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted”，意思是：我们已经习惯了地球表面的生活，所以我们的思想很难摆脱所有我们认为理所当然的想法。选项B中familiar with与used to表达相近概念，因此答案选B。
53．C 文章第二段提到“All objects have a natural attraction for all other objects; this is called gravitational attraction…”，由此可知物体间都有相互引力，相隔距离越大，这种引力就越小，物体重力也随之变轻。
54．B 根据文章最后一段提到的“A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth or the sun.”可知一包黄油有它自己的引力，但这与月球、地球或太阳等大型物体的拉力相比是非常小的，因此常常被我们给忽略。
55．D 通读全文可知，文章主要描述了重力对物体重量的影响，重力越大，物体就越重。反之亦然。
Passage Four
As you are soon on your way to Eastern Europe, here are few tips on what you should pack. In general, pack lightly, with only the most basic clothes. People dress casually in Eastern Europe so you don’t need to bring along your smartest clothing.
At the risk of going against our own advice by weighing down your luggage, we suggest you consider bringing along the following items, which we found particularly useful in Eastern Europe.
Batteries: If your camera, flash, or other appliances run on batteries, bring a sufficient supply along. Certain types of batteries don’t exist in Eastern Europe, and those that do often don’t last very long.
Calculator: Many travelers find it useful to figure out foreign exchange rates on a calculator. We suggest a credit-card calculator, which fits into your wallet on purse.
Cash: We have found it good to have supply of small-denomination U.S bills ($ 1s and $5s) to use in hard-currency stores,
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