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浙江工商大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解试读：
2011年浙江工商大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
1．将下列词语译成汉语（15分）
1．EU【答案】欧盟 (European Union)
2．GDP【答案】国内生产总值 (Gross Domestic Product)
3．WHO【答案】世界卫生组织 (World Health Organization)
4．ATM【答案】自动出纳机 (Automatic Teller Machine)
5．Mafia【答案】黑手党
6．ASEAN【答案】东南亚国家联盟 (东盟) (Association of Southeast Asian Nations)
7．IELTS【答案】雅思考试 (The International English Language Testing System)
8．Yuppie【答案】雅皮士
9．Easter【答案】复活节
10．UNESCO【答案】联合国教科文组织 (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization)
11．Cinderella【答案】灰姑娘
12．Ivy League【答案】常春藤盟校
13．virtual economy【答案】虚拟经济
14．Oedipus complex【答案】恋母情结
15．House of Commons【答案】下议院
2．将下列词语译成英语（15分）
1．工会【答案】labor union
2．黑客【答案】hacker
3．北极【答案】North Pole
4．故宫【答案】The Forbidden City
5．国画【答案】traditional Chinese painting
6．孔子【答案】Confucius
7．京剧【答案】Peking Opera
8．国务院【答案】Department of State
9．丝绸之路【答案】Silk Road
10．鸦片战争【答案】The Opium War
11．人力资源【答案】Human Resources
12．人口普查【答案】demographic census
13．信息高速公路【答案】information highway
14．中国人民解放军【答案】The Chinese People’s Liberation Army
15．全国人民代表大会【答案】National People’s Congress
3．将下列短文译成汉语（60分）
(1)
Cloning: Good or Bad?
Just before President Clinton heads to the hospital for knee surgery, he asks another Bill Clinton to meet Russian President Boris Yeltsin at an overseas meeting. Meanwhile, a third Bill Clinton is out playing golf, while a fourth is helping daughter Chelsea with a science project.
Sound far-fetched? That day may come. Scientists in Scotland recently announced that, for the first time, they have cloned an exact copy of an adult mammal. The cloned baby lamb, named Dolly, has the exact same genes as the adult sheep from which she was coined. In other words, the two are identical twins; only Dolly is six years younger. The goal of embryologist Ian Wilmut, the lead scientist, is to develop a way to raise identical sheep that produce medications for humans.【参考译文】
克隆：是好还是不好？
就在克林顿总统前往医院接受膝盖手术之前，他还请另一位克林顿总统在一次海外会议上与俄罗斯总统叶利钦会晤。与此同时，第三位比尔克林顿正在打高尔夫球，而第四位正在帮助女儿切尔西完成一个科学项目。
听起来很牵强么?那一天或许会来。苏格兰的科学家最近宣布，他们第一次精确地克隆出了一种成年哺乳动物的复制品。克隆的小羊羔，名叫多利，与创造它的成年羊的基因完全相同。换句话说，这两只羊是同卵双胞胎，只是Dolly比它小六岁。首席科学家胚胎学家伊恩·威尔穆特的目标是开发一种饲养同样的羊的方式来为人类生产药物。
(2)
Whether Europe’s languages will flourish or fade under the impact of 1992 is a matter of debate. Some foresee the day when a Europeanized form of English—perhaps known as “Eurolish”—will become the common language. Lesser languages could fall by the wayside. Claude Truchot, a professor of English at the University of Social Sciences in Strasbourg, sees a danger of a “regionalization of European languages and cultures,” with some languages no longer being spoken except in rural packets. Others believe that by maintaining nine official languages, the EC may have checked the decline of some lesser known tongues. “Danish has never been spoken more than now,” claims Christophe Thierry, director of the Paris-based Higher Institute of Interpretation and Translation. “The prospect of 1992 has increased the importance of languages by bringing together more technicians from different countries.” Europe has always been a continent of linguists. There is every prospect that it will be even more so after 1992.【参考译文】
在1992年的影响下，欧洲的语言是否会繁荣还是衰落，这是一个有争议的问题。一些人预见到，欧洲化的英语形式可能被称为“欧洲英语”，将成为通用语言。较小的语言可能会被抛在一边。斯特拉斯堡社会科学大学英语教授克劳德·特鲁奇特认为欧洲语言和文化的地区化是危险的，一些语言将只会在农村地区使用。其他人认为，通过维持九种正式语言，欧共体可能知道了一些较不知名的语言的衰落。巴黎高翻学院院长Christophe Thierry表示：“丹麦语从来没有被比现在更多的人使用过。1992年的前景使不同国家的技术人员聚集在一起，提高了语言的重要性”。欧洲一直是语言学家的大陆。1992年以后会有更好的发展前景。
4．将下列短文译成英语 (60分)
(1)
孤独
我的最大爱好是沉思默想。我可以一个人长时间地独处而感到愉快。孤独的时候，精神不会是一片纯粹的空白，它仍然是一个丰富多彩的世界。孤独中．思维可以不依照逻辑进行。孤独更多地产生人生的诗情——激昂的和伤感的。孤独可以使人的思想向更遥远更深邃的地方伸展，也能使你对自己或环境作更透彻的认识和检讨。【参考译文】
Loneliness
My favorite pastime is meditation. I can stay by myself for a long time yet feel contented. In solitude, the mind will not fall into a complete blank, but remain in a world both rich and varied. Besides, a solitary mind does not work with logic. Much of poetic sentiment of passion or melancholy is aroused in solitude. Solitary not only deepens the thoughts of an individual, but enables him to develop a more profound comprehension or critical examination of himself and his environment.
(2)
苗族龙船节
龙船节，是黔东南清水江上苗族人民最盛大的节日。龙，在苗族人心目中是吉祥如意的象征。苗家姑娘最爱将龙形图案打制成银饰装点在头上，或刺绣、编织在衣裙中。苗族人民制作的龙船，十分精巧、美观，龙身由一只母船和两只子船扎而成。两米多长的龙头，用水柳木雕刻，装有一对一米多长的龙角。龙头以主色不同，分为赤龙、青龙、黄龙。【参考译文】
The Dragon Boat Festival of the Miao
The Dragon Boat Festival is the most important celebration of the Miao people who live along the Qingshui River in southeastern Guizhou Province. In the eyes of the Miaos, the dragon symbolizes good luck. Girls like to adorn their hair with silver ornaments shaped like dragons and wear clothes embroidered or woven with dragon patterns. The Miaos build exquisite “dragon boats”, which are in reality a body formed from three boats—one large and two small—that are strung together. The head, over two meters long and carved out of the trunk of a weeping willow, sports a pair of horns more than a meter in length. The boat may be called a red, blue or yellow dragon depending on the dominant color of its head.
2012年浙江工商大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
1．将下列词语译成汉语（15分，每小题1分）
1．CEO【答案】首席执行官；执行总裁 (Chief Executive Officer)
2．CPI【答案】消费者价格指数 (Consumer Price Index)
3．FBI【答案】美国联邦调查局 (Federal Bureau of Investigation)
4．BBC【答案】英国广播公司 (British Broadcasting Corporation)
5．IOC【答案】国际奥林匹克委员会 (International Olympic Committee)
6．MPA【答案】公共管理硕士 (Master of Public Administration)
7．GATT【答案】关税与贸易总协定 (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)
8．Mafia【答案】黑手党
9．Easter【答案】复活节
10．TOEFL【答案】托福考试（Test of English as a Foreign Language）
11．Dinks【答案】丁克族 (double income, no kids)
12．Santa Clause【答案】圣诞老人
13．global warming【答案】全球气候变暖
14．General Assembly【答案】联合国大会
15．Engel’s Coefficient【答案】恩格尔系数
2．将下列词语译成英语（15分，每小题1分）
1．黑客【答案】hacker
2．北极【答案】North Pole
3．丝绸之路【答案】Silk Road
4．人力资源【答案】HR (human resources)
5．信息高速公路【答案】information highway
6．翻译标准【答案】translation criterion
7．欧盟【答案】EU (European Union)
8．证券交易所【答案】stock exchange
9．第三产业【答案】tertiary industry; service sector
10．多极化趋势【答案】the trends towards multi-polarity
11．改革开放政策【答案】Reform and Opening-up Policy
12．合法权益【答案】legitimate rights and interests
13．宏观经济模式【答案】macro-economic mode
14．归化（翻译）【答案】domestication
15．经济技术开发区【答案】economic and technological development zone
3．将下列短文译成汉语（60分，每篇30分）
(1)
Parents and students of the Class of 2005: Good afternoon and welcome to Stanford University. Today, we celebrate the arrival of 1717 new freshmen and transfer students.
I have struggled with the format of this Convocation and the content of this speech for the past ten days. Since the morning of Sept. 11, the campus has been uncommonly quiet. Except for two memorial services, all major events were canceled. As we considered how to start a new academic year, we decided that a convocation was, in fact, the most fitting way to resume our normal activities.
Students, you represent our best hope for the future and for peace in our world. Americans and good-hearted people of all ages throughout the world will mourn this tragedy and carry the memory of that terrible day in their hearts. But it is your generation—more so than mine or your parents’—that will face the challenge of building a world in which such inhuman acts can never again occur.【参考译文】
各位家长，2005届的同学们：
下午好！欢迎大家来到斯坦福大学。今天，我们在此欢迎1717名新生和转学生的到来。
过去的10天，我一直颇费心思，不知这个开学典礼该用什么形式，我的发言要讲什么内容。9月11号上午以来，校园里异乎寻常的安静。除了两个纪念性的活动以外，所有的大型活动都取消了。我们在考虑怎样开始新学年，后来发现开学典礼实际上是恢复正常秩序的最佳方式。
同学们，你们代表了我们世界的未来与和平的最美的希望。美国人民和全世界善良的人们，不论长幼，都会为这场悲剧哀悼，会将这可怕的一天永远存留在记忆中，但面临挑战的更是你们这一代，而不是我们或是你们父母这一代，你们要建设一个世界，决不容许类似惨无人道的时间再次发生。
(2)
Companies now realize that viruses aren’t “urban myth”, and can have a serious impact on their operations. They invest in anti-virus software on the desktops, servers and email gateways and even put in place procedures to ensure their anti-virus is up-to-date with the very latest detection routines.
It sounds like companies have put in place adequate defenses to protect against viruses. But have they?
Anti-virus software must be updated regularly, preferably daily in any large company. Even then, a very new virus can infect your users. With the rapid transmission of files through networks and the Internet, a virus can spread a considerable distance before it can be identified and protected against. Fortunately, only a few viruses ever do this but the likes of Melissa and the Love Bug can inflict serious damage before their progress is stopped. While employees become suddenly aware during the ensuring media excitement, they soon forget about the virus threat as the stories disappear from the news headlines.【参考译文】
各家公司现在都意识到病毒并不是“现代神话”，而确实会严重影响到公司的运作。他们投资杀毒软件，安装在计算机、服务器以及电子邮件网关上，甚至还采取措施确保使用最新的检查程序，随时更新杀毒软件。
听起来好像各公司已经采取了充分的措施防范病毒。可事实真的如此吗？
杀毒软件必须定期更新，大公司则最好是每天更新一次。即使是这样，新的病毒也还是可能感染用户。通过网络和互联网，文件可以快速地传输，等到人们发现一种病毒并加以防范时，病毒可能已经扩散到了相当的范围。好在只有少数几种病毒有这么大的破坏力，像梅利莎和爱虫病毒则是例外，人们还来不及制止，它们就已经造成了严重的破坏。然后媒体轰动，员工会突然警觉起来，但一旦新闻头条不再报道这些事件，他们就会很快将其抛之脑后。
4．将下列短文译成英语（60分，每篇30分）
(1)“知足者常乐”，这是一种回避现实、激流勇退的消极心理。其实我们每时每刻都在设计自己的拥有、物欲的追求和精神的享受。然而现实总与设想存在一段距离，让我们不能如愿以偿。虽然在我们的人生旅程中，有很多缠绕终生而不能兑现的愿望，但是，如果没有现实与理想的距离让我们去追求，我们就会失去人生的方向。【参考译文】
“Happy is he who is always contented.” It refers to an escapist mentality of persuading oneself to halt at limited gains. Actually we never cease to make plans for new acquisitions, driven by material desire and pursuit of spiritual enjoyment. But the plans are often left unfulfilled because of their incongruity with reality. During our journey in life, lots of wishes will never be realized, but if there is no gap between ideal and reality for us to bridge, we will lose the direction of life.
(2)
当夜幕无声地落下，将一切远山近景从你的视野里抹去的时候；当热闹的晚会结束，欢声笑语已经消逝时候，什么都没有留下，只有思想还在活动。你能清楚道地感觉到，这便是宁静。在宁静的氛围里，你的思想有了自由驰骋的空间，你可以细心坐下梳理你的思绪，检讨你的过失。【参考译文】
When night falls blurring from view distant hills and nearby landscape, or when the noise and laughter of a hilarious party has died away, nothing is there to draw your attention and the only thing you are conscious of is that your mind is working. That is the moment when you are alert to the existence of tranquility. A quite atmosphere provides your mind with full freedom to travel anywhere it likes. It is most favorable for you to sort out your thoughts or examine yourself and make a self-criticism.
2013年浙江工商大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
1．将下列词语译成汉语。（15分）
1．GDP【答案】国内生产总值 (Gross Domestic Product)
2．ASEAN【答案】东南亚国家联盟 (东盟) (Association of Southeast Asian Nations)
3．IOC【答案】国际奥林匹克委员会 (International Olympic Committee)
4．ISO【答案】国际标准化组织 (International Standardization Organization)
5．OPEC【答案】石油输出国家组织 (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)
6．WTO【答案】世界贸易组织 (World Trade Organization)
7．UNESCO【答案】联合国教科文组织 (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization)
8．WHO【答案】世界卫生组织 (World Health Organization)
9．CIA【答案】中央情报局 (Central Intelligence Agency)
10．FBI【答案】美国联邦调查局 (Federal Bureau of Investigation)
11．GMT【答案】格林威治标准时间 (Greenwich Mean Time)
12．migrant rural labors【答案】农村劳动力流动
13．global warming【答案】全球变暖
14．DNA【答案】脱氧核糖核酸；基因 (deoxyribonucleic acid)
15．cyber sickness【答案】网络病
2．将下列词语译成英语。（15分）
1．中国共产党【答案】The Chinese Communist Party
2．实体经济【答案】real economy
3．三农问题【答案】three rural issues: agriculture, rural areas and farmers
4．基层锻炼【答案】exercise at the grass-roots level
5．一次性生活补贴【答案】disposable living allowance
6．民族凝聚力【答案】the cohesion of the nation
7．文化软实力【答案】cultural soft power
8．三公经费【答案】the three public expenses
9．学术诚信【答案】academic integrity
10．暂行条例【答案】provisional regulation
11．专利法【答案】Patent Law
12．公租房【答案】public rental housing
13．人才竞争力【答案】talent competitiveness
14．探月工程【答案】lunar exploration program
15．行政问责【答案】administrative accountability
3．将下列短文译成汉语。（60分）
(1)
The balance of nature is a very elaborate and very delicate system of checks and counterchecks. It is continually being altered as climates change, as new organisms evolve, as animals or plants permeate to new areas. But the alterations have in the past, for the most part, been slow, whereas with the arrival of civilized man, their speed has been multiplied manifold: from the evolutionary timescale, where change is measured by periods of ten or a hundred thousand years, they have been transferred to the human time-scale in which centuries and even decades count.
Everywhere man is altering the balance of nature. He is facilitating the spread of plants and animals into new regions, sometimes deliberately, sometimes unconsciously. He is covering huge areas with new kinds of plants, or with houses, factories, slag-heaps and other products of his civilization. He exterminates some species on a large scale, but favors the multiplication of others.【参考译文】
试读结束[说明：试读内容隐藏了图片]