作者：圣才电子书
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全国名校外国语学院二外英语历年考研真题及详解试读：
第1章 全国名校外语学院二外英语考研真题分析
“二外英语”是全国各院校日语、法语、德语、俄语等外国语专业（不含英语）研究生入学考试科目，考生第二外语为英语。一般来说，“二外英语”总分为100分，考试时间为3小时。1.1 二外英语考研真题分析
“二外英语”为全国各大院校自主命题，而非全国统考，没有统一的考试大纲，考生在备考“二外英语”时往往目标不明确，定位不准确，所以对各大院校的二外英语历年真题分析则显得尤为重要。分析各大院校的二外英语试题能够为考生准确定位自己的英语水平提供很好的参照，也使考生对“二外英语”考试有一个全面的了解，更加清晰的了解出题者的思路，从而正确地制定出复习方法和学习步骤，使复习具有针对性，使复习的效果更上一层楼。1．考核要求
对于“二外英语”，全国各大院校自主命题，而且各院校的考核要求水平也有差异，所以没有相应的考试大纲来说明其考核要求。通过分析各大院校的二外英语历年试题，可看出二外英语大致相当于大学公共英语四、六级水平，而且，二外英语历年试题中有些是出自四、六级考试的真题，有些是出自英语专业四级考试真题（大致相当于公共英语六级水平），还有些是出自考研英语真题，虽然比重不大，但从此可看出目前高校对考生二外英语的大体要求，下面根据大学英语四、六级考试大纲以及非英语专业本科生《大学英语课程教学要求》，对“二外英语”的考核要求归纳如下：
词汇方面，要求掌握4000基本常用词汇，了解词形、语义、常用的搭配、同义词、反义词等。
语法方面，掌握主谓一致关系、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等句型、直接引语和间接引语的用法、动词不定式和分词的用法、各种时态、主动语态、被动语态和强调、倒装、平行结构等。
阅读方面，要求考生既能理解个别句子的意义，也能理解上下文的逻辑关系；既理解字面的意思，也能理解隐含的意思；既理解事实和细节，也能理解所读材料的主旨和大意；能就文章的内容进行判断、推理和信息转换。选材的原则是：（1）题材广泛，可以包括人物传记、社会、文化等方面，但是所涉及的背景知识应能为学生所理解；（2）体裁多样，可以包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等；（3）文章语言难度适中，文中无法猜测而又影响理解的关键词，用汉语注明词义。
翻译方面，掌握基本的日常、文化、科技等一般性题材的翻译技能。
写作方面，主要测试考生用英语表达思想或传递信息的能力及对英文写作基础知识的实际运用。写作要求切题，能正确表达思想，内容连贯，思路清晰，语言通顺。
2．试题类型和出题形式
通过分析全国众多院校“二外英语”的历年真题，其题目类型大致包括词汇、语法、完形填空、改错、阅读理解、翻译和写作等内容，各题目类型的出题形式灵活多样，而考核内容也不尽相同，具体归纳如下：（1）词汇题
词汇题的考核内容较为广泛，包括对名词、形容词、动词、冠词等多种词性、各种短语及固定搭配结构的判断和理解，其中包括对同义词、近义词、反义词的辨认与区分等；根据上下文对词和词组意义的判断等。
出题形式主要有以下几种：
①题目为一个留有空白的英文句子，要求考生从所给的四个选项选出最恰当的词或词组。如：
Most people are not yet aware that water is a precious resource that must be ______.
A. conserved
B. enriched
C. preserved
D. reserved
②要求对单句中划有底横线的词进行替换选择，即从所给出的四个选择项中选出一个最佳替换词。如：
The little boy had had a long day, he was feeling drowsy.
A. lazy
C. exhausted
B. sleepy
D. sad（2）语法题
语法题测试的重点包括时态、语态、语气、非谓语动词形式、强调、倒装、平行结构等。
出题形式主要有以下几种：
①题目为一个留有空白的英文句子，要求考生从时态、句型等语法角度，从所给的四个选项中选出可用在句中的最恰当的词、词组或句子。如：
______ a little earlier this morning! I missed the school bus by only a minute and had to wait in the cold for nearly an hour!
A. If I had got up
B. If only I get up
C. If only I had got up
D. If I got up
②要求在句子的空白处填入正确的介词、副词等，使句子完整。如：
Some scientists believe that language has a great impact ______ people’s thinking.（3）完形填空题
该部分主要考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素（包括词汇、短语和句子结构）的掌握程度，以及对语段特征（如衔接与连贯等）的辨识能力。
出题形式主要有以下几种：
①在一篇文章中留出10～20个空白，要求考生从每题所给出的四个选项中选出最佳答案，使填空后的文章意义通顺、连贯，结构完整。
②在一篇文章中留出10～20个空白，并给出一个词汇表格，要求考生从表格中选出符合句意的单词，形式上要注意词的性、数的变化。
③在一篇文章中留出10～20个空白，要求考生根据上下文填出合适的词，没有选项。
④在一个句子中留出1个空白，要求考生根据上下文写出所给单词的正确形式填入空白处。如：
Probability is the mathematical study of the ______ of an event’s occurrence.（likely）（4）改错题
这部分主要考查考生运用语法、词汇、修辞等语言知识识别所给句子的语病并改正的能力。
出题形式主要有以下几种：
①给出的为一个单句，要求考生找出错误，并根据“增添”、“删除”或“改变其中的某一单词或短语”三种方法中的一种改正语误。
②给出的为一个单句，句子中有四处标有下划线，要求考生选出有错误的一项。如：
The TV set was of more inferior quality so that I took it back and asked for a better one.
A. of more
B. so that
C. for
D. one（5）阅读理解题
阅读理解题出题形式主要有：
①要求考生阅读若干篇短文，每篇短文后有若干个问题。考生应根据文章内容从4个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
②要求考生阅读一篇短文，短文后有若干个问题。考生应根据文章内容作出简要回答。问题多种多样，既可以针对整篇文章，如概括文章主旨大意，也可以对文中的某个观点进行评论，要求简要说明理由等等。
③给出一篇文章，文中一般有5个空白处，空白处可能位于段首、段落中间、段尾，选项部分一般为7段文字，每段可能为一个句子，也可能是两三个句子。要求考生从选项中选5段文字放回到文章中相应的5个空白处。（各院校留出的空白处个数并不统一，一般选项部分要比空白处多出几个。）（6）翻译题
翻译题出题形式主要有以下几种：
①单句或段落的英汉互译。
②给出一篇包含若干下划线句的文章，要求考生根据全文意思将这些句子译出，一般英译汉常采用这种形式。（7）写作题
写作题出题形式一般为根据所给出的图画或Topic，写一篇作文，体裁多是发表观点的议论文。字数要求不一，多的400词左右，低的100词左右。有的院校还会涉及到请假条、便条、询问信等应用文的考察。
1.2 重点院校二外英语考研真题比较
通过分析比较全国重点院校的二外英语考研历年试题，可以看出有些院校的历年试题之间以及不同院校的试题之间都会存在差异，具体来说，不同点主要体现为：
一、少数院校试卷的题型和分值会在上一年试题的基础上对作一些改动。
一般而言，大多数院校“二外英语”历年试题具有很强的沿袭性，即其试卷结构及分值比重变动很小或者跟去年一样，但也有部分院校的题型和分值发生较大变动，对此考生一定要引起注意。考生应对所报考院校最新的题型和分值情况引起足够的重视。
二、不同院校的试题在试卷结构、难易程度、题量和分值等方面存在差异。
1．不同院校的试题的试卷结构不同
二外英语试卷包括词汇、语法、完形填空、改错、阅读理解、翻译和写作等内容，但各院校均有自己所侧重的方面，不会面面俱到。比如北京外国语大学等院校不考写作，上海外国语大学等院校不考翻译。
需要注意的是，各院校的试卷结构不是一成不变的，以往的试题只是提供参照的依据，考生在备考时应尽量多涉及一些题型，提高综合应试能力。
2．不同院校的试题的难易程度不同
各院校在出题时都会从总体上平衡整个试卷的难易程度，难度大一些的题目相当于大学英语六级水平，低一点的相当于大学四级水平，试卷的总体难度水平相差不会太大。这里所说不同院校的试题的难易程度不同是相对的，由于院校的试卷结构不同，其考察的侧重点也就不同，有的院校侧重翻译，有的院校侧重阅读，有的院校侧重词汇，对于擅长不同题型的考生，其难易程度也会不同。
3．不同院校的试题的题量和分值不同
各院校“二外英语”的试题一般满分都为100分，考试时间为3个小时。题量的差异主要是因为题量和分值比重并不对等所致，一般而言，题量大的试题，分值比重应该较高，但有些院校并非如此，从而使得试题题量相对偏大，如一般院校词汇题为每小题1分，阅读题为每小题2分，而中国人民大学词汇题为每小题0.5分，阅读题每小题1.5分，这就意味着分值虽然相同，但对应的题量却不同。
总之，在备考“二外英语”之前，考生一定要对各院校的二外英语历年真题仔细研究，对“二外英语”考试有一个完整的概念，从而准确地制定出复习方法和学习步骤，做到系统、有效地复习。“二外英语”归根接底是考查考生的基本功，考生应该早动手，早复习，扎扎实实巩固语言功底，并要多做一些重点院校二外英语考研真题，弥补复习的广度和深度。
第2章 全国名校外语学院二外英语考研真题详解
北京第二外国语学院2016年二外英语考研真题及详解
I. Cloze (15 points / 1 point each)
Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Choose the ONE answer that best fits into the passage and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Children model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identification. Children identify (1)_____ a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are (2)_____ of that parent. The things parents do and say-and the way they do and say to them-therefore strongly influence a child’s (3)_____. However, parents must consistently behave like the type of (4) _____ they want their child to become.
A parent’s actions (5) _____ affect the self-image that a child forms through identification. Children who see mainly positive qualities in their (6) _____ will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly (7) _____ qualities in their parents will have difficulty seeing positive qualities in themselves. Children may (8) _____ their self-image, however, as they become increasingly (9) _____ by peers groups standards. Isolated events, even dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a permanent (10) _____ on a child’s behavior. Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training. Children who know they are loved can, (11) _____, accept the divorce of their parents or a parent’s early (12) _____. But if children feel unloved, they may interpret such events (13) _____ a sign of rejection or punishment.
In the same way, all children are not influenced (14) _____ by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. As in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the (15) _____ of an activity or experience depends on how the child interprets it.
1．A. to
B. with
C. around
D. for
2．A. informed
B. characteristic
C. conceived
D. indicative
3．A. behavior
B. words
C. mood
D. reactions
4．A. person
B. humans
C. creatures
D. adult
5．A. in turn
B. nevertheless
C. also
D. as a result
6．A. eyes
B. parents
C. peers
D. behaviors
7．A. negative
B. cheerful
C. various
D. complex
8．A. modify
B. copy
C. give up
D. continue
9．A. mature
B. influenced
C. unique
D. independent
10．A. idea
B. wonder
C. stamp
D. effect
11．A. luckily
B. for example
C. at most
D. theoretically
12．A. death
B. rewards
C. advice
D. teaching
13．A. as
B. being
C. of
D. for
14．A. even
B. at all
C. alike
D. as a whole
15．A. result
B. effect
C. scale
D. cause【答案与解析】
1．B identify with意为“认同”。identify to认出。identify for确定。这里是说他们认同自己的父母，本题答案为B。
2．B 这里是说他们相信自己会拥有代表父母某些特质的品质和情感。be characteristic of sb. or sth.意为“（品质或特点）明显的；典型的”。inform通知。conceive构思，构想。indicative指示的。本题答案为B。
3．A 这里是说，父母的行为、说话方式以及对待孩子的方式都对自己孩子的行为有强烈的影响，因此这里填behavior。本题答案为A。
4．A 这里是说，父母必须坚持在孩子面前表现出自己希望孩子成为的那一类人。person一种类型的人。human人类。creature生物。adult成年人。本题答案为A。
5．C 这里是说，父母的言行还影响着孩子塑造的自我形象，also表示同样，in turn依次地。nevertheless然而。as a result结果是。本题答案为C。
6．B 这里一直说的是父母对自己子女的影响，因此这里说的是孩子一旦在自己的父母身上看到了良好的品质，他们也会以很积极的方式看待自己。本题答案为B。
7．A 两句对比，上面说的是父母对子女的积极影响，那这里就表示父母对子女的消极影响同样存在。negative与上句中的positive相对。本题答案为A。
8．A 根据句意，在孩子日益受到同伴标准的影响时，会不断修正自我形象。。modify表示“修正”。give up放弃。copy照搬。continue继续。本题答案为A。
9．B 由by可知，这里需要添加一个过去分词，根据选项，孩子们渐渐会受到自己同伴的影响。本题答案为B。
10．D have an effect on为固定搭配，意为“对……产生影响”。这里是说，外部孤立的或戏剧性的事件，并不会对孩子的行为产生持久影响。本题答案为D。
11．B for example为插入语，且后面提到的接受离婚是对前面半句话的举例，本题答案为B。
12．A parent’s early death这里与父母离婚并列，这里是说孩子一旦感受到了呵护，他们可以接受父母离婚或者早逝的情况。
13．A interpret as为固定搭配，意为“把……理解为……”。本题答案为A。
14．C alike相似地；相像地。这里是说，孩子们受到玩具、游戏等的影响不尽相同。本题答案为C。
15．B 这一段讲的都是影响，本句的意思是“某项活动或者事件对孩子的影响取决于孩子怎么理解这件事。”本题答案为B。
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (25 points / 11 point each)
Directions: There are 25 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
1．The worker wants a _____ to another post.
A. transform
B. transit
C. transfer
D. transmit【答案】C【解析】句意：工人们申请转岗。本题考点在于四个词的辨析。transform是动词，意为“改变；转化”。transit作名词意为“运输；经过”。transfer作名词讲意为“转移”。transmit是动词，意为“传输”。本题答案为C。
2．First published in 1927, the charts remain an _____ source for researchers.
A. intelligent
B. indispensable
C. inevitable
D. identical【答案】B【解析】句意：首次出版于1927年，本图标对于研究人员来说仍不可或缺。intelligent天才的；聪明的。indispensable不可或缺的。inevitable不可避免的。identical完全相同的。本题答案为B。
3．You should try to _____ your ambition and be more realistic.
A. restrain
B. retain
C. reserve
D. replace【答案】A【解析】句意：你应该克制下自己的野心，变得现实一点。后半句提到要更加现实，说明前面应该是收敛野心。restrain克制。retain保持。reserve储存。replace替代。本题答案为A。
4．Each rank in the army has a _____ sign to wear.
A. distinct
B. distinctive
C. clear
D. obvious【答案】A【解析】句意：军队中的每一级都有自己的标志。distinct有区别的。distinctive有特色的。clear和obvious以为“清晰的”。军队中纪律严明，每层军官都有自己的军衔。因此这里应该选有区别的。本题答案为A。
5．Even though the mother was asleep, she was unconsciously _____ her baby’s cry.
A. listening
B. listening for
C. listening to
D. listening of【答案】B【解析】句意：母亲甚至在睡着的时候也会无意识地留神听孩子的哭泣。本题考点是listen的词组辨析。listen for是“留神听”的意思。listen to是“听见”的意思。listen of是“听说”的意思。本题答案为B。
6．The researchers made a _____ guess at the population of Shanghai.
A. conservative
B. progressive
C. protective
D. cautious【答案】A【解析】句意：研究人员对上海的人口做了一个保守估计。conservative保守的，progressive有进步的。protective保护的。cautious小心的。本题答案为A。
7．His carelessness _____ an accident.
A. bring forth
B. bring about
C. bring out
D. bring up【答案】B【解析】句意：他的粗心造成了这次车祸。本题考查bring的词组辨析。bring forth产生；发表。bring about造成。bring out出版；产生。bring up提出；养育。本题答案为B。
8．There is no _____ evidence that people can control their dreams, at least in experimental situations in a lab.
A. rigid
B. solid
C. smooth
D. harsh【答案】B【解析】句意：至少对于现阶段的实验来说，没有确切证据表明人类可以控制自己的梦境，是这样的。solid evidence为固定搭配，意为“确切证据”。rigid严格的。smooth润滑的。harsh严厉的。
9．The local council has decided to take the _____ of the hotel to court.
A. landlord
B. tenant
C. client
D. proprietor【答案】D【解析】句意：当地议会决定把旅馆所有者告到法庭。landlord地主。tenant租户。client员工。proprietor所有人。本题答案为D。
10．For years she suffered from the _____ that her husband might come back to her.
A. vision
B. idea
C. imagination
D. illusion【答案】D【解析】句意：这么多年，她一直处在丈夫会回来找她的幻想中。illusion假象。vision视野。idea办法。imagination想象。本题答案为D。
11．_____, he would not have recovered so quickly.
A. Hadn’t he been taken good care of
B. Had he not been taken good care of
C. Had not he been taken good care of
D. Had he been not taken good care of【答案】B【解析】句意：如果不是受到了悉心的照顾，他绝不会恢复这么快。在有Had的虚拟语气中，if可以省略，从句用半倒装形式。需要注意的是，否定词not不前移。本题答案为B。
12．The team can handle whatever _____.
A. that need handling
B. which needs handling
C. it need handling
D. needs to be handled【答案】D【解析】句意：这支队伍可以解决一切需要解决的问题。whatever既做了主句handle的宾语，又做了从句的主语，因此从句不需要添加主语。本题答案为D。
13．When doing business in the Arab world, do not be surprised if your meeting is interrupted several times by people who come into the room _____, whisper, or speak softly to the person with whom you are talking, and leave.
A. unannounced
B. unannouncing
C. unannounce
D. to announce【答案】A【解析】句意：在阿拉伯国家做生意的时候，如果你的会议多次被那些不打招呼就进入，与和你谈话的人低声耳语然后兀自离开的人打断，你也不要太惊讶。unannounced意为“未事先通知的；为提前说明的”，在这里为形容词作定语，修饰people。本题答案为A。
14．Some people hold that, since we live in a money oriented society, the average individual cares little about solving _____ problems.
A. anyone elses’
B. anyone’s else
C. anyone else’s
D. anyone else’s【答案】C【解析】句意：一些人认为，在这个金钱至上的社会中，人们普遍不关注别人的问题。anyone是单数，所以anyone else’s需要用单数所有格，本题答案为C。
15．Many foreign students come to study in the U.S., some _____ by scholarships, others by the U.S. government’s Agency for International Development, by the Ford Foundation, and so on.
A. to be supported
B. being supported
C. are supported
D. having been supported【答案】B【解析】句意：一些外国留学生会来美国留学，他们中有些人受到了奖学金的资助，别的人受到了美国政府国际开发总署、福特基金或其他一些资助。some前面没有连接词，所以这里是一句话，不能出现两个谓语，用现在分词作状语，意为“被……资助”。本题答案为B。
16．He is not under arrest, _____ any restriction on him.
A. or the police have placed
B. or have the police placed
C. nor the police have placed
D. nor have the police placed【答案】D【解析】句意：他既没有被捕，警察也没对他加以限制。nor用于否定句后，引出另一否定句补充前句，表示“也不，也没有”。nor引导的句子要用倒装，本题答案为D。
17．A baby might show fear to an unfamiliar adult, _____ he is likely to smile and reach out to another infant.
A. if
B. whenever
C. whereas
D. because【答案】C【解析】句意：婴儿可能害怕不熟悉的成年人，但是却会接近另一个婴儿，并对他（她）笑。根据对成年人和婴儿的不同反应，可以看出这里是对比的意思。本题答案为C。
18．He left orders that nothing _____ touched until the police arrived here.
A. should be
B. ought to be
C. must be
D. would be【答案】A【解析】句意：他留下命令，在警察到来之前，不得碰任何东西。当order，command等具有说话人强烈意愿的词作为中心词引导从句时，从句应该使用虚拟语气，同时，should可以省略。本题答案为B。
19．The physicist has made a discovery, _____ of great importance to the progress of science and technology.
A. I think which is
B. that I think is
C. which I think is
D. which I think it is【答案】C【解析】句意：物理学家已经有了一个发现了，我认为这个发现对科技进步非常重要。在非限制性定语从句中，that不能作为引导词，which作为从句的主语。本题答案为C。
20．When you have finished with that video tape, don’t forget to put it in my drawer, _____?
A. do you
B. will you
C. don’t you
D. won’t you【答案】B【解析】句意：如果你把它们录完了，别忘了放我抽屉里，好吗？本题考点是反义疑问句，同时表示的是将来的动作，因此用will you。本题答案为B。
21．“Has he gained weight?” “He would gain weight, but he _____ much.”
A. does not eat
B. did not eat
C. hadn’t eaten
D. couldn’t eat【答案】A【解析】句意：他长胖了点吗？他本该长胖的，但他吃的不多。用一般现在时表示一种客观状态。。本题答案为A。
22．The day’s work _____, Mary and Carl are playing cards.
A. are done
B. done
C. doing
D. did【答案】B【解析】句意：一天的工作完成后，Mary和Carl开始打牌。本题考点是独立主格结构，独立主格结构用动词的分词形式，工作是被做完，因此用过去分词。本题答案为B。
23．But for his help, I _____.
A. did not succeed
B. had not succeeded
C. should not have succeeded
D. have not succeeded【答案】C【解析】句意：如果不是他帮忙，我不会成功。考点是虚拟语气。主句用“would/should/could/might + have done”表示对过去的虚拟。本题答案为C。
24．His use of technical terms left his audience _____.
A. confusing
B. with confusion
C. confused
D. to confusion【答案】C【解析】句意：他用了许多科技术语，这使得观众非常疑惑。confused为形容词作audience的宾语补足语。本题答案为C。
25．It was not until she had arrived home _____ remembered her appointment with the doctor.
A. when she
B. that she
C. and she
D. she【答案】B【解析】句意：直到她回了家才想起来和医生已经约好了。“it is not until… that…”为固定搭配，意为“直到……才……”本题答案为B。
III. Reading Comprehension (35 points)
Section A: (20 points / 1 point each)
Directions: For passages 1 to 4, each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer” Sheet.
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, today’s traditional-age college freshmen are “more materialistic and less altruistic” than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.
Not surprising in these hard times, the student’s major objective “is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life.” It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.
Interest in teaching, social service and the “altruistic” fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.
That’s no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors in her first year on the job-even before she completed her two-year associate degree.
While it’s true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions-be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.
Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company: no job. How shortsighted in the long run! But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom: “Miss Baxter,” he says, “could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?”
From the long-term point of view, that’s what education really ought to be about.
1．According to the author’s observation, college students_____.
A. have never been so materialistic as today
B. have never been so interested in the arts
C. have never been so financially well off as today
D. have never attached so much importance to moral sense
2．The students’ criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with_____.
A. the influences of their instructors
B. the financial goals they seek in life
C. their own interpretations of the courses
D. their understanding of the contributions of others
3．By saying “While it’s true that..., be they scientific or artistic? (Lines 1-3, Para. 5., the author means that_____.
A. business management should be included in educational programs
B. human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speed
C. human intellectual development has reached new heights
D. the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked
4．Studying the diverse wisdom of others can_____.
A. create varying artistic interests
B. help people see things in their right perspective
C. help improve connections among people
D. regulate the behavior of modern people
5．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow-minded.
B. Managers often find it hard to tell right from wrong.
C. People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life.
D. Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only.【答案与解析】
1．A 根据文章第一段“today’s traditional-age college freshmen are “more materialistic and less altruistic” than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.”可知，现在大学生更加的现实，更追求物质，本题答案为A。
2．B 根据题目，定位到现在大学生的专业选择，在第二段中，“the student’s major objective “is to be financially well off.”说明现在的大学生在选择自己的专业的时候，更加看重物质条件能不能得到满足，本题答案为B。
3．D 根据题目，定位到第五段，这句话的意思是“我们的文明已经累积了许多不可估量的智慧，这些智慧远远不止我们身边的这些，而这些都有助于我们更好地理解其它的概念，无论是艺术还是科学”。因此，这里是说我们不能够忽略教育的广度，本题答案为D。
4．B 根据第五段“in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs”，学会从不同的角度看问题，有助于我们去思考问题，也有助于我们看清事物间的联系，用正确的角度去看待各种问题。本题答案为B。
5．D 根据文章最后一段“No company: no job. How shortsighted in the long run!”以及文章第五段内容，作为认为要从不同的角度看问题，而不是短视。因此我们不能只看眼前利益。本题答案为D。
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.
New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It’s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away because of fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.
Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern business people who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts.
Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.” He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superior will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent.
Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.
English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.
The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.
6．What is the author’s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?
A. Critical
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