作者：圣才电子书
出版社：圣才电子书
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
华南理工大学外国语学院626英语综合水平测试历年考研真题及详解试读：
2004年华南理工大学326英语综合水平测试考研真题及详解
Part Ⅰ. Vocabulary (20 marks)
Section One
Directions: Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. (10 marks)
1. Don was forced to _____ that Jason’s recollection of the canoe trip was much more accurate than his version.
a. concede
b. secede
c. succeed
d. recede【答案】a【解析】句意：唐不得不承认杰森对独木舟之旅的回忆比他要准确得多。concede勉强承认，退让。secede正式脱离。succeed成功。recede后退。因此，本题的正确答案为a。
2. When the local grower decided to _____ the shoots from the small container, prolific flowers resulted!
a. anticipate
b. emancipate
c. reciprocate
d. intercept【答案】a【解析】句意：当地花农决定率先使用小容器的花苗，这样可能长出更多漂亮的花儿。anticipate抢先于，占……之先。emancipate解除，解放，尤指从法律、政治、道德等的约束中解放。reciprocate报答。intercept中途阻止，截取。因此，本题的正确答案为a。
3. At least one _____ was liberated from the dense jungles after a violent abduction by kidnappers.
a. perceptive
b. receptive
c. captive
d. interactive【答案】c【解析】句意：在发生了暴力拐骗事件后，至少有一人被释放。captive俘虏。perceptive有理解的。receptive善于接受的。interactive交互式的。因此，本题的正确答案为c。
4. She remains the sort of woman who has _____ all happiness for herself and who lives only for a principle.
a. resigned
b. abdicated
c. renounced
d. surrendered【答案】c【解析】句意：她依旧是那个宣称只为了自己的幸福而活的人。renounce放弃，断绝关系，指正式地放弃某事物，通常是原则性的事物。resign辞去（职务），暗示着不抵抗的屈服或默认。abdicate指正式放弃权利，辞去职位。surrender放弃。指强迫、命令或力量之下的行动。因此，本题的正确答案为c。
5. I don’t think these flowers are _____ to New England. At least I’ve never seen them.
a. ingenuous
b. existent
c. indigenous
d. exigent【答案】c【解析】句意：我认为这些花不是英格兰本土的。至少我从来没见过他们。indigenous本土的。ingenuous坦白的。existent现存的。exigent紧急的，迫切的。因此，本题的正确答案为c。
6. He _____ his breakfast and rushed for the train.
a. ingested
b. swallowed
c. devoted
d. supped【答案】b【解析】句意：他吞下早餐，冲进火车。swallow吞咽。ingest吸收，摄取。devote投入于，献身。sup吞咽（多指汤汁）。因此，本题的正确答案为b。
7. He stood at the ship’s stern watching the shore _____ from view.
a. retrograde
b. retreat
c. recede
d. retract【答案】c【解析】句意：他站在船的船尾，望着海岸退了下来。recede倒退，后退（相对位置）。retrograde退化。retreat撤退。retract撤消，收回。因此，本题的正确答案为c。
8. He _____ no bones about stating his opinions and criticizing others.
a. had
b. went
c. wanted
d. made【答案】d【解析】句意：他开门见山，指责他人。make no bone about sth.直截了当地做某事，为固定词组。因此，本题的正确答案为d。
9. We should not _____ the pioneering work done by these early astronomers.
a. disparage
b. dispel
c. display
d. dispassionate【答案】a【解析】句意：我们不能贬低前人在天文方面所做的研究。disparage轻视，污蔑。dispel驱散，驱逐。display展览，显示。dispassionate冷静的。因此，本题的正确答案为a。
10. She wanted to join the expedition but I frightened her _____.
a. off
b. into
c. away
d. over【答案】a【解析】句意：她想参与探险，但我吓跑了她。frighten sb. off吓跑某人。因此，本题的正确答案为a。
11. We decided to _____ our journey at Washington before traveling to Vancouver.
a. stop
b. make
c. rest
d. break【答案】d【解析】句意：我们决定在去温哥华之前，先在华盛顿逗留一阵。break中途暂停。因此，本题的正确答案为d。
12. What does the cost of converting the present building _____?
a. run out of
b. run out on
c. run over
d. run out at【答案】a【解析】句意：把现在的建筑改造完成的成本是多少？run out of用完，消耗掉。run out on放弃，抛弃。run over超过，碾过。因此，本题的正确答案为a。
13. He said he had been badly dealt _____.
a. in
b. by
c. out
d. with【答案】d【解析】句意：他被不公正地对待。deal with处理，对待。deal in经营。deal out分配。因此，本题的正确答案为d。
14. Language-learning is a(n) _____ in itself, quite apart from the social advantage it gives you.
a. end
b. object
c. goal
d. purpose【答案】a【解析】句意：学习语言除了给你带来社会利益之外，它本身也很重要。空白处指语言学习本身。固定词组an end in itself指一件事情本身重要。因此，本题的正确答案为a。
15. Thanks for the invitation. I’ll _____ you up on that sometimes.
a. accept
b. go
c. take
d. bring【答案】c【解析】句意：感谢邀约，只要有空我会接受的。take you up on that...接受。因此，本题的正确答案为c。
16. The professor became so forceful, so _____ in his expression of opinions that students began to leave his course.
a. dormant
b. credible
c. dogmatic
d. lucid【答案】c【解析】句意：这位教授变得如此强硬，如此教条表达他的观点，以至于学生们开始不上他的课了。dogmatic教条的，独断的。dormant静止的，隐匿的。credible可靠的。lucid浅显易懂的。因此，本题的正确答案为c。
17. The doctor ordered the patient to _____ all solid foot for at least 24 hours.
a. keep up
b. keep on
c. keep in
d. keep off【答案】d【解析】句意：医生命令病人在至少24小时不能接近固定好的脚。keep off避免，不接近。keep up维持。keep on继续。keep in抑制，隐瞒。因此，本题的正确答案为d。
18. Property is _____ if it is deliberately damaged or destroyed by someone.
a. vandalized
b. vanquished
c. hurt
d. vacillated【答案】a【解析】句意：如果被某人故意损坏或毁坏，财产就会被破坏。vandalize故意或恶意破坏（公共或私人财产）。vanquish征服，击败。vacillate犹豫不定。因此，本题的正确答案为a。
19. You can say a place is _____ if it is as full as it is possible to be.
a. packed in
b. packed out
c. packed off
d. packed up【答案】b【解析】句意：如果一个地方达到最大容量，你可以说它被填满了。pack out挤满，填满。pack in停止。pack off寄出，送走。pack up打包。因此，本题的正确答案为b。
20. When you ask or wonder what someone is _____, you want him or her to explain more clearly what he or she is suggesting or what he or she actually means.
a. getting in
b. getting across
c. getting at
d. getting along【答案】c【解析】句意：当你询问或者想知道某个人的意图是什么时，你想让他或她把暗示的内容或者意图进行清晰地解释。get at试图说明，意指。get in进来。get across越过，通过。get along进展。因此，本题的正确答案为c。
Section Two
Directions: In each of the following sentences, there is one underlined word. Write down its Chinese equivalent in the Answer Sheet. (10 marks)
1. Salience is basically a function of the operation of the reflexive awareness involved in language use.【答案】强调；突出
2. Nothing could soothe her lacerated feelings.【答案】受伤的；痛苦的
3. Well-educated people are even prepared to mutilate their own language to accomplish the tasks that belong to the frame of meaning of activity at hand.【答案】毁掉
4. The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure.【答案】起催化作用的；辅助的
5. Over and over again I cited instances, pointed out flaws, kept hammering away without let-up.【答案】减弱
6. Education, to have any meaning beyond the purpose of creating well-informed dunces, must elicit from the pupil what is latent in every human being.【答案】笨学生
7. I regained my composure and managed to say that I thought she was right.【答案】镇静
8. New York even prides itself on being a holdout.【答案】抵制
9. A high grade is supposed to certify competence in physics.【答案】证明
10. Like others who fall through the cracks of their parents’ makeshift plans—a week with relatives, a day at the playground—they hang out.【答案】临时的；权宜之计的
11. It would be foolhardy to sell now.【答案】鲁莽的；蛮干的
12. Perhaps it’s the teacher’s fault if the students are apathetic.【答案】缺乏兴趣的
13. Many species have been extirpated from those areas.【答案】灭绝；连根拔起
14. It was, in the words of the judge, a malevolent act which must be severely punished.【答案】恶意的
15. Our investigation is still pending.【答案】悬而未决的
16. It is scandalous that the public should be treated in this way.【答案】可耻的；诽谤性的
17. He has got himself into a bit of tangle financially.【答案】纠纷；混乱
18. Various devices were employed by traders to circumvent the import restrictions.【答案】规避
19. The minister was frustratingly equivocal on the issue.【答案】模棱两可的
20. Susan did not like the paintings at the show because they were too farout for her.【答案】异乎寻常的
Part Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension (50 marks)
Section One
Directions: Read the following passages and choose the best answer to complete each statement. Write down your answers on the Answer Sheet. (3 points each)Passage A
Two techniques have recently been developed to simplify research and reduce the number of nonhuman primates needed in studies of certain complex hormonal reactions. One technique involves the culturing of primate pituitary cells and the cells of certain human tumors. In the other, animal oviduct tissue is transplanted under the skin of laboratory primates. Both culturing techniques complement existing methods of studying intact animals.
With an in vitro culturing technique, researchers are deciphering how biochemical agents regulate the secretion of prolactin, the pituitary hormone that promotes milk production. The cultured cells survive for as long as a month, and they do not require serum, a commonly used culture ingredient that can influence cellular function and confound study results. One primate pituitary gland may yield enough cells for as many as 72 culture dishes, which otherwise would require as many animals.
The other technique allows scientists to monitor cellular differentiation in the reproductive tracts of female monkeys. While falling short of the long-sought goal of developing an in vitro model of the female reproductive system, the next-best alternative was achieved. The method involves transplanting oviduct tissue to an easily accessible site under the skin, where the grafted cells behave exactly as if they were in their normal environment. In about 80 percent of the grafts, blood vessels in surrounding abdominal skin grow into and begin nourishing the oviduct tissue. Otherwise, the tissue is largely isolated, walled off by the surrounding skin. A cyst forms that shrinks and swells in tandem with stages of the menstrual cycle. With about 80 percent of the grafts reestablishing themselves in the new site, a single monkey may bear as many as 20 miniature oviducts that are easily accessible for study. Because samples are removed with a simple procedure requiring only local anesthesia, scientists can track changes in oviduct cells over short intervals. In contrast, repeated analysis of cellular changes within the oviduct itself would require abdominal surgery every time a sample was taken – a procedure that the animals could not tolerate.
Scientists are using the grafting technique to study chlamydia infections, a leading cause of infertility among women. By infecting oviduct tissues transplanted into the abdominal skin of rhesus monkeys, researchers hope to determine how the bacteria cause pelvic inflammatory disease and lesions that obstruct the oviduct. Such research could eventually lead to the development of antibodies to the infectious agent and a strategy for producing a chlamydia vaccine.
1. This passage deals primarily with _____.
a. reproductive organs of nonhuman primates
b. diseases of the pituitary glands
c. in vitro studies of pituitary hormones
d. techniques for studying hormonal reactions
2. According to the passage, the primary benefit of the new research is that _____.
a. scientists can study the pituitary gland for the first time
b. the procedures are simpler and require fewer laboratory animals
c. researchers were able to discover prolactin
d. an in vitro model of the reproductive system was developed
3. All of the following are true of the transplantation technique EXCEPT _____.
a. It permits scientists to monitor changes frequently.
b. The transplanted cells grow as they would in their normal site.
c. The transplanted cells can be easily grown in vitro.
d. The transplant operation is usually successful.
4. According to the passage, chlamydia causes infertility in women by _____.
a. causing tissue changes which block the oviduct
b. shrinking and swelling tissues in conjunction with the menstrual cycle
c. allowing skin tissue to encyst reproductive tissue
d. necessitating abdominal surgery to remove damaged tissue
5. It can be inferred from the passage that an in vitro model of the female reproductive system is _____.
a. currently available but prohibitively expensive
b. currently available and widely used
c. theoretically possible but of no real scientific value
d. theoretically possible but as yet technically impossible【答案与解析】
1.d 全文在讲述两种激素反应新技术，故d项为正确答案。
2.b 根据文章第一段第一句“Two techniques have recently been developed to simplify research and reduce the number of nonhuman primates needed in studies of certain complex hormonal reactions.”可知研究带来的好处是可以减少在某些复杂的激素反应研究中需要的非人类灵长类动物的数量。故b项为正确答案。
3.d 根据文章第三段可知通过移植技术，科学家经常监测变化。移植的细胞在正常的位置生长，也可以很容易地在体外培养。故d项为正确答案。
4.a 根据文章最后一段第二句“By infecting oviduct tissues transplanted into the abdominal skin of rhesus monkeys, researchers hope to determine how the bacteria cause pelvic inflammatory disease and lesions that obstruct the oviduct.”可知盆腔炎和输卵管受损是不孕不育的原因。故a项为正确答案。
5.d 文章最后表明每次采集样本时都需要的进行腹部手术是动物们无法忍受的。该研究最终可能会导致感染病原体的抗体的发展，以及发明一种衣原体疫苗。故d项为正确答案。Passage B
Humans are the only animals that laugh and weep, for humans are the only animals that are struck with the difference between what things are and what they ought to be. We weep at what exceeds our expectations in serious matters; we laugh at what disappoints our expectations in trifles. We shed tears from sympathy with real and necessary distress; as we burst into laughter from want of sympathy with that which is unreasonable and unnecessary. Tears are the natural and involuntary response of the mind overcome by some sudden and violent emotions. Laughter is the same sort of convulsive and involuntary movement, occasioned by mere surprise or contrast.
The serious is the stress which the mind lays upon the expectation of a given order of events and the weight attached to them. When this stress is increased beyond its usual intensity and strains the feelings by the violent opposition of good and bad, it becomes the tragic. The ludicrous is the unexpected relaxing of this stress below its usual intensity, by an abrupt transposition of ideas that takes the mind by surprise and startles it into a lively sense of pleasure.
6. According to the passage tears and laughter have all the following in common EXCEPT _____.
a. They are both involuntary reactions.
b. They are both the result of violent emotions.
c. They both depend on prior expectations.
d. They are both natural emotions.
7. The author implies that animals lack the ability to _____.
a. perceive emotional changes in humans
b. feel pain or pleasure
c. evoke sorrow or laughter in humans
d. imagine things other than as they are
8. It can be inferred from the passage that the ludicrous is most nearly opposite to the _____.
a. serious
b. surprise
c. pleasure
d. tragic
9. The author develops the passage primarily by _____.
a. disproving a theory
b. citing authorities
c. presenting counterexamples
d. defining terms【答案与解析】
6.a 根据文章第一段最后“Tears are the natural and involuntary response of the mind overcome by some sudden and violent emotions. Laughter is the same sort of convulsive and involuntary movement, occasioned by mere surprise or contrast.”可知哭和笑都是不由自主的反应。故a项为正确答案。
7.d 根据文章第一段第一句“Humans are the only animals that laugh and weep, for humans are the only animals that are struck with the difference between what things are and what they ought to be.”可知人类是唯一可以区分事物本身和他们想象中的事物的物种。言下之意动物没有该能力。故d项为正确答案。
8.d 文章第二段指出压力超出正常强度是tragic；而在正常强度以内是ludicrous。所以二者相反。故d项为正确答案。
9.d 文章第二段是典型的定义术语。故d项为正确答案。Passage C
Instead of casting aside traditional values, the Meji Restoration of 1868 dismantled feudalism and modernized the country while preserving certain traditions as the foundations for a modern Japan. The oldest tradition and basis of the entire Japanese value system was respect for and even worship of the Emperor. During the early centuries of Japanese history, the Shinto cult in which the imperial family traced its ancestry to the Sun Goddess became the people’s sustaining faith. Although later subordinated to imported Buddhism and Confucianism, Shintoism was perpetuated in Ise and Izumo until the Meji modernizers established it as a quasi-state religion.
Another enduring tradition was the hierarchical system of social relations based on feudalism and reinforced by Neo-Confucianism, which had been the official ideology of the pre-modern period. Confucianism prescribed a pattern of ethical conduct between groups of people within a fixed hierarchy. Four of the five Confucian relationships were vertical, requiring loyalty and obedience from the inferior toward the superior. Only the relationship between friend and friend was horizontal, and even there the emphasis was on reciprocal duties.
10. The passage mentions all of the following as being elements of Japanese society EXCEPT _____.
a. obedience to authority
b. respect for the Emperor
c. concern for education
d. loyalty to one’s superiors
11. We may infer from the passage that those who led Japan into the modern age were concerned primarily with _____.
a. maintaining a stable society
b. building a new industrial base
c. expanding the nation’s territory
d. creating a new middle class【答案与解析】
10.c 根据文章第一段第二句“The oldest tradition and basis of the entire Japanese value system was respect for and even worship of the Emperor.”和第二段倒数第二句“Four of the five Confucian relationships were vertical, requiring loyalty and obedience from the inferior toward the superior.”可知a、b、d三项文章均有提及。故c项为正确答案。
11.a 根据文章第一段第一句后半部分“while preserving certain traditions as the foundations for a modern Japan.”可知保留了一些传统，将之作为现代日本的基础，而不是抛弃传统价值观。目的是为了维持社会的稳定。故a项为正确答案。Passage D
The socialization process in America has historically been characterized by the interaction of clearly structured, well-organized groups that share a sense of mission about the future of the nation and codes of behavior with roots in common principles. Americans were a diverse people, but communities were bound by religious beliefs, ethnic backgrounds, and strong family relationships. The old configuration of socializing institutions no longer functions in the same way. Mobility is one factor in the changing picture. One fifth of all Americans change their residences every year, but they do not “pack” their culture. They simply move, breaking old community ties. There is no migration, just movement – motion without melody.
A second factor is depersonalization. Emerson once wrote that an institution is the lengthened shadow of one man. Today’s institution is more likely to be the lengthened shadow of itself. The breakdown of the old configuration requires a reconceptualization of the whole socialization process, but the very fact of breakdown means that fewer and fewer people even understand what is required of a socialization process. But now the process of social decompression may be irreversible.
12. The main purpose of this passage is to _____.
a. describe the common roots of American citizens
b. suggest patterns of behavior appropriate to the new social climate
c. identify factors contributing to the breakdown of the socialization process
d. describe the declining influence of religion in American life
13. The phrase “motion without melody” at the end of paragraph one might be used to refer to which of the following events?
a. Traveling abroad as part of a student exchange program
b. Formation of ethnic communities in urban areas
c. Relocation to a distant city to accept a job offer
d. Moving to a bigger house in the same neighborhood
14. The author cites Emerson in order to _____.
a. dramatize the power of bureaucracy in our society
b. explain the importance of individual freedom
c. demonstrate the need for the study of humanities in American schools
d. highlight the progress that society has made since Emerson
15. The tone of the passage can best be described as _____.
a. tentative but worried
b. scholarly but optimistic
c. passionate but controlled
d. analytical but concerned【答案与解析】
12.c 文章主要内容就是陈述美国社会化进程解体的两大原因。第一段提到流动性；第二段提到人格解体。故c项为正确答案。
13.b 根据文章第一段最后“...hey simply move, breaking old community ties. There is no migration, just movement.”可知这种移动无关乎移民，只是打破旧的社区联系。故b项在城市地区建立少数民族社区为正确答案。
14.b 爱默生的话旨在说明每个社会机构都应反映出个人，而不是机构本身。故作者目的是说明个人自由的重要性。故b项为正确答案。
15.d a项踌躇的，但也是担忧的。b项博学但又乐观的。x项激昂但又受控的。d项分析问题但充满担忧的。由全文内容可知，作者分析社会化进程解体的原因，字里行间透露出担忧之情。故d项为正确答案。
Section Two
Instructions: Read the following story and then answer the question raised at the end of the story. Write down your answer on the Answer Sheet. (5 points)
During a lull in the storm which tossed and rocked the sturdy little steamer Dauntless, a shot rang out on A deck.
Professor Fordney threw down the detective story he was somewhat unsuccessfully trying to read and hastened into the companionway. Where it turned at the far corner, he found Steward Mierson bending over the body of a man who had been instantly killed. Just then the heavens opened; lightning flashed and thunder boomed as if in ghoulish mockery.
The dead man’s head bore powder burns. Captain Larson and the criminologist started checking the whereabouts of everyone aboard, beginning with those passengers nearest where the body was discovered.
The first questioned was Nathan Cohen, who said he was just completing a letter in his cabin when he heard the shot.“May I see it?” Larson asked.
Looking over the captain’s shoulder, Fordney saw the small, precise handwriting, on the ship’s stationery. The letter was apparently written to a woman.
The next cabin was occupied by Miss Margaret Millsworth. On being questioned regarding what she was doing at the time, Miss Millsworth became excited and nervous. She stated that she had become so frightened by the storm, that about fifteen minutes before the shot was fired she had gone to the cabin of her fiancé, James Montgomery, directly opposite. The latter corroborated her statement, saying they hadn’t rushed into the passageway because it would have looked compromising were they seen emerging together at that hour. Fordney noticed a dark red stain on Montgomery’s dressing gown.
试读结束[说明：试读内容隐藏了图片]