作者：英语专业四级考试命题研究组
出版社：机械工业出版社
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
英语专业四级写作周计划试读：
前言
写作是试卷当中的主观试题之一，要求考生在一定时间内根据所给的要求写出一篇结构合理、语言通顺、文体恰当、有说服力的文章，这就对考生的语言基础和写作技能，对话题展开讨论思路能力和逻辑思维能力都提出了更高要求。面对写作题目，考生常常感觉无从下手，当然在短时间内写出来一篇佳作从来就不是一件容易的事，然而也不是一件不可能的事。专四写作测验考的不只是考生的英语写作能力，还有考生的思考和判断能力，难度和英语水平的要求都会较高。因此，考生不仅要有熟练的写作技巧，还要对一些常见的社会新闻和常识有一定的认识和见解，能够运用自己的经验客观地、有层次地表达出看法。考生的问题
通过总结多年的一线教学和阅卷经验以及对考生的多次问卷调查统计，作者发现，考生在写作方面主要存在以下问题：
一、面对新题型束手无策
熟悉了常见的写作便条和三段式论文模式，面对2016年改革后新出现的材料题，感到茫然不知所措。
二、受模板束缚严重
很多考生对写作都有一个误区，他们认为只要考前背背模板，考试时套用现成的结构和句型就可以了，结果写出来的作文都被束缚在一个固定的框框里，显得死板生硬，第一眼看上去好像结构、句型还可以，稍加留意便会发现漏洞百出。
三、不熟悉专四作文结构
很多考生写作文都没有结构和框架意识，经常担心时间不够用，看一眼题目就马上开始动笔，想到哪写到哪。有的虽然也采用了三段模式，但却没有充分考虑提纲，不知道不同的提纲模式应该采用不同的结构模式，导致写出来的文章结构混乱。
四、不懂得制造语言亮点
一篇文章要想得到高分，在语言上必须有出彩的亮点，尤其是开头结尾部分，要能够吸引阅卷老师的眼球。但是绝大多数考生并不知道什么才是语言亮点，也不知道如何制造语言亮点，结果写出来的文章平淡无奇、缺乏生气。我们的对策
本书旨在指导考生如何在短时间内写出一篇佳作，从而提高写作成绩。本书作者长期在英语专业教学和辅导第一线，能够准确把握考试脉搏和命题特点，为考生提供科学系统的写作技巧和应试指导，帮助考生高分通过考试。
我们从专四写作的考查重点和出题特点出发，针对考生复习中经常出现的问题，精心编写了这本书。本书内容安排在三周进行，每周4~6天，其中短文写作之结构篇5天，短文写作之亮点篇6天，热点预测篇5天，共16天。第一周至第三周，分项学习，各个击破，第三周预测热点，实战演练，全面提升。具体来讲，本书有以下特色：
一、新题导学，把握脉搏
开篇以2016年改革后写作真题为例解读改革后新题型考纲要求，加以模拟题真实操练和佳作赏析，细致入微地讲解具体应对策略和写作步骤，帮助考生把握新题型命题方向，洞悉解题思路。
二、 三周时间，规划科学
开篇专门解析新题型，手把手分步骤演练新题型写作，让考生快速掌握新题型写作技能。第一周至第二周针对专四写作短文，从结构到亮点、从13分到19分，快速提升；第三周30篇热点作文，帮助考生把握命题方向，确保考生走进考场时胸有成竹。三周的安排，目标明确，科学合理，让考生轻松实现高分作文梦想。
三、高频公式，驾驭结构
第一周针对4大专四短文写作类型，给出清晰的写作思路和实用结构公式，让考生通过对结构公式的学习和套用演练，熟悉、掌握各类作文的基本框架和基本句型，确保考生可以轻松写出一篇结构紧凑、主题明确的文章。
四、遣词造句，制造亮点
第二周教会考生灵活变换长句、短句，恰当使用强调、倒装等特殊句式，巧妙运用限定词语、动态动词等亮点词语，谙熟并牢记专四4大类作文中常用的亮点句式和用词，为考生的作文锦上添花，博得高分。
五、佳作赏析，汲取精华
第一周至第二周的周一至周四每天学习结束后，书中提供一篇优秀的作文赏析，让考生了解优秀作文的优点都体现在哪些方面，在诵读中自然提高写作水平。
六、充分练习，练透练精
每天的讲解都配有专题演练，每周复习结束时都配有8篇测试题，检验一周的复习效果，让考生学完一个，练透一个，彻底吃透所学知识。最后还配有30个热点预测，全书共113篇练习，让考生真正练透练精。编 者新题型专练周星期一 新题型大纲解读
测试要求：自2016年起，专四考试写作部分改革，要求根据所给的题目、图表或阅读材料等，写一篇200词左右的作文。能做到内容切题完整、条理清楚、结构严谨、语法正确、语言通顺、表达得体。考试时间为45分钟，所占分值比例为20%。
改革解读：（1）原Section B 便条部分取消。（2）命题更加多样化：由原来的根据既定题目写作形式变为根据所给题目、图表或阅读材料来写作文。（3）写作分值由原来的25分变为20分。一、专四写作评分标准
1.总体原则
专四短文写作采用总体评分方法，阅读人员从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。一般来说，阅卷人员评分时综合考虑以下几个问题：
1)作文是否体现主题思想，即是否切题。
2)作文的组织结构是否合理，是否完成了三段式写作任务。
3)篇章是否得以自然衔接，句式、用词是否多样化。
4)语言是否畅通，是否有重大语法、文字错误。
为了便于说明，以下图展示解释：
2.评分标准
具体标准的短文写作满分为20分，评分标准分五个等级：20~17分、16~13分、12~9分、8~5分、4~1分。（续）注：交白卷者，或作文与题目毫不相关，或只写几个单词，则以零分计算。
3.词数要求
目前，专四短文写作部分要求的词数大约是200，如果词数不够，也会相应地扣分。累计词数为150~170，扣1分；累计词数为130~150，扣2分；累计词数为110~130，扣3分；累计词数为90~110，扣4分；累计词数为90以下，扣10分以上。
4.注意事项
另外，关于作文的评分还应注意以下几点：
1)如照抄提示原句，均不得计入所写词数。
2)只写一段者：0~4分；只写两段者：0~9分。(指规定写三段的作文)
3)按规定，考生作文若为0分，无论其总分是否高于60分，均做不及格处理；其作文高于0分，低于6分，报成绩时，需从总分中先减去6分，再加上作文的实际得分，也就是说，要从总分中减去作文实得分与6分之间的差额部分。二、典型试题自测
本书使用提示：从2009年开始，英语专业四级考试的答题卡（ANSWER SHEET）由两张改为三张。为了让考生熟悉新的考试形式，本书一律采用最新考试的答题卡模式，写作部分均要求写在ANSWER SHEET THREE上。
Part Ⅵ Writing（45 MIN）（2017年英语专业四级真题作文）
Read carefully the following excerpt and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 WORDS,in which you should:
1) summarize the main message of the excerpt,and then
2) comment on whether our brains will get lazy in a world run by intelligent machines.
You can support yourself with information from the excerpt.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance,content sufficiency,organization and language quality.Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
Write your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.
With Intelligent Machines to Do the Thinking,Will Our Brains Get Lazy?
Changing technology stimulates the brain and increases intelligence.But that may only be true if the technology challenges us.In a world run by intelligent machines,our lives could get a lot simpler.Would that make us less intelligent?
Artificial intelligence is taking over many human jobs.For instance,planes are being flown much of the time by automatic pilots.And the complex problem of controlling air traffic around large modern airports is also achieved by artificial intelligence that operates well beyond the capacity of mere human air traffic controllers.
Artificial intelligence is embedded in many features of modern life for the simple reason that intelligent machines can already outperform humans,including some aptitudes once thought to be a human advantage,such as playing chess,and writing poetry,or even novels.
As machines get smarter,they will do more of our thinking for us and make life easier.In the future,the electronic assistant will develop to the point that it serves similar functions as a real living butler,fulfilling requests such as:“Organize a dinner party for six on Thursday,Jeeves,and invite the usual guests.”
At that point,our long struggle with challenging technologies is at an end.Like Be Wooster,we can take it easy knowing that the hard work of planning and organizing is being done by a better brain—the electronic assistant.Starved of mental effort,our brains will regress.
新题型分析：写作命题的要求部分比较详细，分两部分：第一部分是一段介绍内容，引出写作话题，限定写作任务，说明写作目的；第二部分多了两段针对话题的阅读材料，包含正反双方的观点。
新题型解题思路：新题型结构构成：“命题+材料作文”对考生的阅读理解及归纳能力提出了更高的要求。这看似增加了负担，其实是提供了机会——为考生提供了大量的相关词汇和话题，作文的第二三段还可反复用到；而且写完一段总结，20分就算是拿到至少5分了。考生可以采取“简短概述材料—评论—总结”的写作模式。值得注意的是，在写作过程中，概述材料和进行评论缺一不可，而且概述材料不宜过长，否则将可能被扣分。
具体操作：用1~2句话简短提炼下文章观点，再从文章观点引出自己的观点即可。而接下来仍然是大家非常熟悉的“三段式”议论文写作：提出观点、论证观点、总结观点。
写作步骤：
第一部分：作文的第一部分简要总结阅读材料的主要观点，点明主题，引出自己的观点。
公式例示：现象阐述的引言+材料观点+我方观点
第二部分：2~3个分论点论证你的观点。To begin with…What's more…Furthermore…本部分的分论点要支持你的观点，逻辑清晰，句意简明，行文通顺。全文论述只用一个名称，例如we,people,the public,students等中的一个，最忌乱用名称，第一人称、第二人称和第三人称混用。
第三部分：总结（To conclude,Accordingly,To sum up…）+再次强调自己的观点。
要增强的能力：考生在阅读和写作训练中，需要增强概括观点、表达支持或反对意见的训练。
参考答案Will Brains Get Lazy with Intelligent Machines to Do the Thinking?
With the wide use of intelligent machines,people began to worry about their threat to human intelligence.They hold the idea that even if the artificial intelligence is of great help to human jobs and facilitates life by doing more of our thinking for us,the development of the artificial intelligence will unavoidably deprive human of mental effort and cause the regress of our brain.From my perspective,the intelligent machines will not ruin our brain and get it lazy.
To begin with,computer-based artificial intelligence still needs human to operate.That is to say,people should write the computer program and give order for the work of those intelligent machines because they cannot operate autonomously.During this process,human will use his brain and keep those intelligent machines working.Therefore,it would be unlikely that human-level intelligence will be replaced completely.What's more,artificial intelligence is still a long way from replicating what their human counterparts can achieve.In order to make life more pleasant and convenient,humans are motivated to use their brains to explore more intelligent machines.
Accordingly,it's also extremely hard to believe that the human brains will get lazy with intelligent machines to do the things.Intelligent machines can make our life much easier but cannot replace human brains.
写作分析：
题目:Will Brains Get Lazy with Intelligent Machines to Do the Thinking?
写作点拨:开篇首先转述阅读材料中的观点:虽然人工智能给人类的生活带来了巨大的便利，使生活变得更容易，但随着智能机器在人类中的广泛应用，人类的大脑会变得越来越懒惰，甚至退化。作者由此引出了自己的观点，认为人工智能不能代替大脑，大脑也不会因为职能机器的广泛应用而退化。
行文分析：作者对文章中提出的观点进行了反驳，并给出了两个理由。即：
分论点一：To begin with,computer-based artificial intelligence still needs human to operate.That is to say,people should write the computer program and give order for the work of those intelligent machines because they cannot operate autonomously.
分论点二：What's more,artificial intelligence,is still a long way from replicating what their human counterparts can achieve.
结尾:最后总结自己的观点：Accordingly,it's also extremely hard to believe that the human brains will get lazy with intelligent machines to do the things.Intelligent machines can make our life much easier but can not replace human brains.
名师点评：
文章开篇言简意赅地概括所给文章的主要内容：随着智能机器在人类中的广泛应用，人类的大脑会变得越来越懒惰，甚至退化。之后作者提出自己的观点，并进行阐述。
主题段落：文章结构层次清晰，以“From my perspective,the intelligent machines will not ruin our brain and get it lazy.”作为主题句，并引出两条论据：
To begin with…
What's more…
结尾段：与首段相呼应，进一步得出结论：Intelligent machines can make our life much easier but cannot replace human brains.星期二 典型作文操练（一）
In recent years,traditional printed newspaper has faced a serious challenge. TheChristian Science Monitor became the first national newspaper to shut down its print edition,and recently,the world famous magazine Newsweek announced that it would soon cease publishing on paper and shift to an online-only format.Will the printed newspaper one day be replaced by online newspaper?Some believe so while many still hold an optimistic view on the future of traditional newspaper.Read carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about 200 words,in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your views on the issue.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality.Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.YES
The new media,such as the Internet and mobile phone applications,have exerted a great influence on people's life.Online newspaper is fast,instant,and convenient,while the printed newspaper often responds slowly to the latest news.People are now used to reading online newspaper on their smartphones,and no one has the patience of waiting for the printed newspaper.
Online newspaper is also environment-friendly,which is in accord with the trend of saving energy in today's world.The printed newspaper consumes a large number of natural resources,and will,in the long term,be gradually replaced.
The multiple services,such as posting comments and finding related news through the links provided by online newspaper have greatly enriched people's reading experiences and knowledge.Traditional newspaper can hardly compete in this sense.NO
There are still a large number of people in the world who have no access to the Internet.For these people,printed newspaper is an important way to know about the latest events at home and abroad.
Although the printed newspaper cannot be as fast-responding as the online newspaper,it still can provide many in-depth reports and analytical articles for readers.Many column writers are invited to write special feature reports for the printed newspaper.Online newspaper,on the other hand,is only suitable for fast reading.
Many readers prefer to read the printed newspaper for they do not like staring at the computer or cell phone screen.Printed newspaper is also preferred by the elderly people.
审题思路
本题讨论的是在网络媒体的冲击下，传统报纸是否会被网络报纸所取代。在具体行文方面，考生应首先根据材料简要概括正反两方的观点：正方认为网络报纸优势明显，反方则认为纸质报纸仍然有存在的理由。然后提出自己的观点：纸质报纸最终会消失，并给出论据。最后总结全文，重申观点。
高分范文The Irresistible Trend of Online Newspaper
With the increasing development of information technology,the traditional media are pushed to the corner and are struggling to survive.Surprisingly,not all people are embracing the birth of online version news.Some people believe that traditional printed newspaper is irreplaceable since a large number of people still have no access to the Internet.However,others believe that the convenience of printed version is at hand.Being faster and more convenient,cell phones and personal computers have led us to enjoy a paper-free lifestyle.
From my own standpoint,it is irresistible that the online newspaper will prosper,especially among the young generation who lives online.For them,everything is instant,accelerated,and accessible.Accordingly,they expect their reading to be that way too.As the modern life picks up speed,news is reported at every turn.News is no longer new when printed on paper.The printing process of traditional newspaper takes hours,and its distribution may take even longer time while the electronic transmission of news on the Internet may only take a couple of seconds,even including videos and audio.Besides,young people,the largest number of consumers,prefer to read news via cell phone or laptop.By these devices,users can share and comment on the news,which enables them to interact with people from different parts of the world.
To sum up,I firmly hold the idea that the online newspaper will dominate the market in the future and the printed newspaper will be a history culture heritage.
行文分析
开头部分：开篇引出网络报纸快捷的话题。
中间部分：从正反两方面展开论述，网络报纸快捷（As the modern life picks up speed,news is reported at every turn.），而纸质报纸印刷出来耗时费力，到出版时，新闻已不再是新闻了（News is no longer new when printed on paper.The printing process of traditional newspaper takes hours.）；此外，网络提供的评论功能还可以使不同地区的读者互动。
结尾部分:再次提出作者观点，网络报纸会取代纸质报纸。（二）
Are the environmental problems too big for individuals to solve?This matter has been intensely discussed for years.The following are the supporters'and opponents'opinions.Read carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about 200 words,in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your views on the issue.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality.Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.YES
No matter how small personal involvement in environmental conservation might be,it is an unshakable obligation for everyone to safeguard the environment.
It is known that environment contamination and conservation are long-term problems,and no single government or big company can meet this challenge alone.As such,whoever created the environment problem should be responsible for solving it;environment protection needs everyone of us to continuously participate in.
The public's wills and behaviors have an important influence on government's policies and companies'strategies.For example,if everyone says “No” to plastic shopping bags and paper cups,then the companies that manufacture such products will switch to environmental-friendly substitutes in order to survive in the market.NO
Some severe environmental pollu-tion，such as global warming or sea contamination，might fail to be re-solved only by personal effort.In this case，the government plays a challenging but inescapable role in environmental management because the government is the only legalized institution that may formulate legis-lation related to environmental prob-lems.
The government can enact laws and introduce programs to raise public awareness of low-carbon.
Big companies have outstanding advantages in finance and technology,which give them the possibility to reduce pollution.For instance,some big companies can improve their production process to recycle the waste.
审题思路
本题讨论环境问题靠个人的努力是否无法解决。在具体行文方面，考生首先要总结概述正反方的观点。然后给出自己的观点：环境问题的解决需要个人和政府共同付出努力，两者相辅相成，缺一不可。最后总结全文。
高分范文Are the Environmental Problems Too Big for Individuals to Solve?
Since our earth is faced with the unprecedented environmental challenge,environmental protection has become an urgent task for governments and individuals.Some people are supporters of the opinion that although individual effort is too small in terms of environmental protection,it needs everyone's help and participation to optimize the living surroundings.However,there are different voices insisting that only governments and large companies can make a difference in solving the problem.
Personally I hold the perspective that the joint efforts of both governments and individuals are indispensable in settling environmental concerns fundamentally and neither can work effectively without the other.For one thing,governments'regulations and supervision can make full use of the considerable manpower and material resources consistently for tackling environmental contamination.For another,the government should take severe measures to arouse public awareness of environment protection.Furthermore,without the participation of common people,every green policy enacted by the authorities will end in failure because it is human activities that have the greatest influence on the environment through all recorded history.When people are strict to their own behavior in daily lives in the protection of the environment by avoiding using plastic bags and disposable dish wares,there will be much less “white pollution”,which in the long run,contribute much to the environment.
To conclude,individual support plays an important role in implementing governmental policies on environmental improvement and resisting the action of destroying environment.Meanwhile,the government should also shoulder its responsibility to make sure that its people can live in a safer and healthier environment.
行文分析
开头部分:文章开篇指出环境保护的必要性和紧迫性这个大主题。紧接着阐明两种对立观点，一种观点认为环保责任在于人人参与，另一种观点认为环保责任在于国家和大公司。
中间部分：开段表明自己的观点，环保需要政府和个人的共同努力，两者缺一不可：The joint efforts of both governments and individuals are indispensable.然后运用for one thing,for another 和furthermore从三个方面展开。政府方面：政府监管，召集人力、物力，号召民众参与，唤醒环保意识。个人方面：严于律己，从自身做起，参与环保绿色行动，减少白色污染。
结尾部分：总结上文：个人参与的重要性和政府对环保的责任。与本文论点——政府和个人在环保方面的作用缺一不可相呼应。星期三 每日佳作赏析
“Is microblog a blessing or a curse?” This matter has been intensely discussed for years.The following are the supporters'and opponents'opinions.Read carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about 200 words,in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your views on the issue.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality.Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.YES
Initially,using microblog to gain information from different people is becoming fashionable in the world,which can extremely enrich our everyday life as well as broaden our horizon.
On the other hand,people prefer to use microblog to express themselves freely.After all,instead of the real world,people are more willing to open their net and record their lives on microblogs.What's more,with the advance of the internet,it is more convenient to make new friends and exchange messages in microblogs.
Eventually,some messages on microblogs reveal the undesirable behavior such as corruption,which contribute to government and society.NO
However,on the other hand,it is never without drawbacks.To begin with, many unwanted and useless messages may waste people's time or even disturb people.We expected some messages were vital,but they turned out to be rubbish.
In addition, the appearance of some messages also arouses people's concern for their privacy.To be exact,people may fear that their privacy is invaded.
To add to the undesirability of the short message, it has been frequently used by some to cheat people out of their money.
审题思路
本题讨论微博是福是祸。在具体行文方面，考生首先要总结概述正反方的观点。然后给出自己的观点：微博的优势大于劣势。最后总结全文。
高分范文Is Microblog a Blessing or a Curse?
In the past few years,① microblog has been sparking a furious debate among the public.②Admittedly, ③while highly commended by its users,it also draws scandals.For all quite a spate of people believe it causes issues in society.I hold the different opinion that microblog is a blessing but not a curse.
Initially,④using microblog to gain information from different people is becoming fashionable in the world,⑤which can extremely enrich our every day life as well as enlarge our vision by sharing the some interesting news and latest reports.Second,⑥it is a good way to make friends in that many people find themselves quite shy to express themselves while are confident enough to open their minds for care-free talk to the strangers on the net.Third,we can ⑦express our opinions freely on this platform and due to this,the microblog has disclosed many undesirable behaviors,such as corruption,which in return contribute to government and society.However,we have to admit
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