作者：（英）莎士比亚 著,裘克安 注释
出版社：商务印书馆
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
亨利六世 上篇试读：
内 容 提 要
《亨利六世》是莎士比亚早期创作的英国历史剧，其上篇内容概括1422年到1444年亨利六世婴幼少年时期王亲国戚间的倾轧争斗，以及英国维护它在法国权益时的着着失利。其间英军将领塔尔博特的英勇战斗和牺牲的描写颇受英国观众的欢迎，因写作和上演时正值英国海军战胜西班牙无敌舰队，解除被入侵威胁之际，民间爱国主义热情高涨。威廉·莎士比亚前 言《亨利六世》上中下三篇是莎士比亚早年编写的英国历史剧，总的包括了从1422年到1471年这五十年的英国历史。主旨是说，由于亨利六世国王年幼和性格软弱，王亲贵族争权内讧，国力削弱，致使英国丢失了亨利六世之父亨利五世曾在法国赢得的大部分领土和权利。国内则约克家族（爱德华三世的第五房后裔，以白玫瑰为徽记）和兰开斯特家族（爱德华三世的第四房后裔，以红玫瑰为徽记）公开进行一系列的玫瑰战争（1455—1485），各有胜负，人民苦不堪言。莎士比亚约23岁时从斯特拉福德小镇来到伦敦，26—27岁时（1590—1591）就策划写作了这些气势宏大、情节复杂的历史大戏，实属不易。关于写作的确切时间、顺序、修改过程，评论家们有许多不同的猜测，这里不敷。
1592年3月，伦敦玫瑰剧院经理菲利普·亨斯洛在他的日记里记载，斯特兰奇勋爵剧团演出新戏《哈利六世》（Harey the vj），接连演了十几场。这大约就是莎士比亚的《亨利六世》上篇。同年8月，作家托马斯·纳什在其作品《身无分文的皮尔斯对魔鬼的乞求》中写道：“法国人所畏惧的勇敢的塔尔博特的亡灵会多么高兴地得知，他在坟墓里躺了两百年之后又在舞台上耀武扬威，他的尸骨重新受到（在多次演出中）至少一万名观众的眼睛的香沐。这些观众看到扮演他的悲剧演员，还以为目睹他重新流血呢！”这大概是指莎士比亚此剧中的英国征法英雄塔尔博特的多次出场征战和最后的牺牲。
但不知为了什么，作为剧本的出版，《亨利六世》上篇反落后于中篇和下篇。中篇和下篇各在1594年和1595年就以四开单行本的形式出版过，虽然用了不同的标题，内容也颇为残缺。而上篇却只有到1623年才被收在莎氏戏剧全集第一对折本中出版。
莎士比亚写英国历史剧，参考了当代一些历史书。但他并不拘泥于史实，也无法完全根据史实。我们读莎氏历史剧，也不必死抠历史。莎剧原来是不分幕和场的。莎剧各种现代版本中的分幕、分场有时有些出入，这也关系不大。《亨利六世》上篇的剧情从1422年11月亨利五世停尸西敏寺开始。亨利六世是亨利五世和法国公主凯瑟琳所生的儿子，当时他只有九个月大，并未出场。直到三幕一场时他才首次出场，那是1429年11月，他也才八岁大，刚在议会大厅里加了英王冠冕。四幕一场时他才十岁，在巴黎加冕，因他在名义上同时也是法兰西国王。到上篇结束时他刚成年，正在议婚。
本剧有几条剧情线索交叉进行：（一）幼主周围，主要是他的叔祖和叔辈之间的斗争，其实质是王位继承权之争和政教之争；（二）英军将领塔尔博特的事迹和牺牲；（三）法方女英雄圣女贞德的胜利以及最终被捕并作为巫妖而烧死；（四）瑟福克伯爵设计要将所俘获的安如公爵之女玛格丽特嫁给亨利六世，以便间接进行操纵。
莎士比亚所写重要人物，即使是在他早期的创作中，也都复杂而丰满。如写塔尔博特的英勇善战，同时也写他并非仅仅一介武夫，而是具有政治上的警惕性，能识破并预防法国奥凡涅伯爵夫人所设的陷阱。另一方面，他对儿子的爱护则突出了他人情味的一面。
至于圣女贞德，我们今天从反侵略的角度看，她应该是受歌颂的法国民族女英雄。但是我们应该看到，莎士比亚当时站在英国人的立场上，不能不从俗把贞德的胜利描写为施行巫术的结果。莎士比亚笔下对贞德还有一些正面的描述，这就很不容易了。
我们不要忘记，《亨利六世》上篇的写作和上演，正是英国面对西班牙入侵的威胁，而于1588年取得对西班牙无敌舰队海战胜利之后不久，因此这个剧本，特别是其中塔尔博特的英雄事迹，受到爱国情绪高涨的英国人的热烈欢迎，这是一点也不奇怪的。
我们观看或阅读莎士比亚的历史剧，首先要克服的一个障碍，就是英国王公贵族的名字比较复杂。他们除自己家族的姓名以外，还有封地和爵位的名称，有时还有后来晋爵改称号的情况。例如，本剧二幕四场花园一景中红白玫瑰两派开始分野的代表人物，一方面是红玫瑰派的萨默塞特伯爵（后升为公爵），他本名约翰·波福；另一方面是白玫瑰派的理查·普兰塔琪纳特，后被封为约克公爵。亨利六世是红玫瑰派的，他的儿子叫爱德华。而白玫瑰派主将约克公爵有四个儿子，长子也叫爱德华，后来成了爱德华四世，是亨利六世的对头，其余三个儿子是爱德蒙（鲁特兰伯爵），乔治（克莱伦斯公爵）和身体畸形的理查（后为理查三世），有些人物要到下篇才出现。我们需要记认每个人的关键的名或号，并且弄清他们之间的关系。
本书附有“兰开斯特（红）和约克（白）家族世系表”和“莎士比亚英国历史剧参考地图”以帮助读者更好地了解和欣赏莎氏的这些剧本。裘克安HENRY VIPart ICharacters in the Play
KING HENRY VI, Duke of Lancaster
John of Lancaster, DUKE OF BEDFORD, Regent of France, third son of King Henry IV, the king's uncle
Humphrey of Lancaster, DUKE OF GLOUCESTER, the Lord Protector, fourth son of King Henry IV, and the king's uncle
Thomas Beaufort, DUKE OF EXETER, brother of King Henry IV, and the king's great-uncle
Henry Beaufort, BISHOP (later CARDINAL) OF WINCHESTER, Exeter's younger brother
Edmund Beaufort, afterward DUKE OF SOMERSET, Exeter's nephew
RICHARD PLANTAGENET, son of Richard, later Earl of Cambridge, later DUKE OF YORK and Regent of France
Richard de Beauchamp, EARL OF WARWICK
Thomas de Montacute, EARL OF SALISBURY
William de la Pole, EARL OF SUFFOLK
LORD TALBOT, later Earl of Shrewsbury
YOUNG JOHN TALBOT, his son
EDMUND MORTIMER, Earl of March
SIR WILLIAM GLASDALE
SIR THOMAS GARGRAVE
SIR JOHN FASTOLF
SIR WILLIAM LUCY
RICHARD WOODVILLE, Lieutenant of the Tower of London
MAYOR OF LONDON
VERNON
BASSET
Characters in the Play
Duke of Lancaster: 亨利六世继王位前为兰开斯特公爵。
of Lancaster: 兰开斯特家族的。
Regent: 摄政王。当时法兰西名义上是英国属地。 Bedford 是亨利六世的三叔。
Gloucester ['glɔstə]: 是亨利六世的四叔。
Protector: 护国公。
Beaufort ['beufət]
Exeter ['eksitə] 是亨利六世的叔祖，亨利六世小时的监护人。
Beauchamp ['bitʃəm]
Warwick ['wɔrik]
Salisbury ['sɔ:lzbəri]
A LAWYER of the Temple
A PAPAL LEGATE
KEEPERS, or Jailers, to Mortimer
CHARLES, Dauphin of France
RENÉ，Duke of Anjou and titular King of Naples
MARGARET, his daughter
DUKE OF ALENÇON
BASTARD OF ORLÉANS
DUKE OF BURGUNDY
GENERAL of the French garrison at Bordeaux
GOVERNOR OF PARIS
COUNTESS OF AUVERGNE
MASTER GUNNER of Orléans
A BOY, his son
JOAN la Pucelle, also called Joan of Arc
A SHEPHERD, her father
PORTER of the Countess of Auvergne
French SERGEANT
French SENTINEL
French SOLDIER
French SCOUT
FIENDS appearing to Joan la Pucelle
ATTENDANT LORDS, WARDER OF THE TOWER, ENGLISH AND FRENCH HERALDS, SOLDIERS, COURTIERS, MESSENGERS, SERVANTS
SCENE: England and France
papal legate: 罗马教皇的使节。
Dauphin: 法国王储。
Pucelle [法，pjusel]: virgin, maid.兰开斯特（红）和约克（白）家族世系表ACT ISCENE IDead march. Enter the funeral of King Henry V, attended on by the Duke of Bedford, Humphrey Duke of Gloucester, the Duke of Exeter, the Earl of Warwick, the Bishop of Winchester, and the Duke of Somerset. BEDFORD Hung be the heavens with black！Yield, day, to night! Comets, importing change of times and states， Brandish your crystal tresses in the sky， And with them scourge the bad revolting starsThat have consented unto Henry's death —5 King Henry the Fifth, too famous to live long. England ne'er lost a king of so much worth. GLOUCESTER England ne'er had a king until his time. Virtue he had, deserving to command.10His brandished sword did blind men with his beams. His arms spread wider than a dragon's wings. His sparkling eyes, replete with wrathful fire， More dazzled and drove back his enemies Than midday sun, fierce bent against their faces.What should I say？His deeds exceed all speech.15 He ne'er lift up his hand but conquerèd. EXETER We mourn in black; why mourn we not in blood? Henry is dead, and never shall revive. Upon a wooden coffin we attend，
I．i.（第一幕第一场，下类推）
地点：Westminster Abbey, London.
S．D．(stage direction) Dead: funeral.
1 Hung be the heavens: let the heavens be hung. heavens 指天空，亦可指舞台上的天幕。
2 importing: foretelling.
4 revolting: rebellious.
5 unto: to.
7 ne'er: never.
9 Virtue: merit.
10 his: its.
14 fierce: fiercely.
16 lift: lifted.And death's dishonorable victory20 We with our stately presence glorify， Like captives bound to a triumphant car. What, shall we curse the planets of mishap， That plotted thus our glory's overthrow?25Or shall we think the subtle-witted French Conjurers and sorcerers, that, afraid of him， By magic verses have contrived his end? BISHOP OF WINCHESTER He was a king blest of the King of Kings. Unto the French, the dreadful judgment daySo dreadful will not be as was his sight.30 The battles of the Lord of Hosts he fought. The church's prayers made him so prosperous. GLOUCESTER The church？Where is it？Had not churchmen prayed， His thread of life had not so soon decayed.None do you like but an effeminate prince，35 Whom like a schoolboy you may overawe. BISHOP OF WINCHESTER Gloucester, whate'er we like, thou art Protector， And lookest to command the prince and realm. Thy wife is proud: she holdeth thee in awe，More than God or religious churchmen may.40 GLOUCESTER Name not religion, for thou lov'st the flesh， And ne'er throughout the year to church thou go'st， Except it be to pray against thy foes. BEDFORD Cease, cease these jars, and rest your minds in peace.Let's to the altar. Heralds, wait on us.45 Exeunt Warwick, Somerset, and Heralds with coffin. Instead of gold, we'll offer up our arms —
22 car: chariot. 指罗马大将凯旋时在战车后拴着俘虏。
26 that: who.
28 of: by. the King of Kings 指耶稣基督。
29 judgment day: 基督教所说的末日审判。
31 the Lord of Hosts: 古希伯来人对耶和华（上帝）的称呼，即众天使的统领。语见基督教祈祷书。
32 prosperous: successful.
33 prayed:（1）暗指Winchester主教曾祝愿亨利五世死亡；（2）with pun on “preyed”，指教会豪夺。
34 thread of life: 据古希腊神话，人的生命如线，由命运三女神纺出和割断。
35 prince: sovereign.
37 thou art: you are，旧时的第二人称代词单数形式。动词词尾常为(e)st。
38 lookest: expect.
39 Thy wife, Eleanor Cobham，见Henry VI, Part II. holdeth: holds; -th是旧时英格兰南部方言音。 thee是thou的宾格。 awe: subjection and fear.
44 jars: discords.
45 to前省略go.
S．D. Exeunt [拉丁] go out, exit之复数。
46 arms: weapons. Since arms avail not, now that Henry's dead. Posterity, await for wretched years，When, at their mothers' moistened eyes, babes shall suck，50Our isle be made a marish of salt tears， And none but women left to wail the dead. Henry the Fifth, thy ghost I invocate： Prosper this realm; keep it from civil broils； Combat with adverse planets in the heavens.A far more glorious star thy soul will make55 Than Julius Caesar or bright — Enter a Messenger. MESSENGER My honorable lords, health to you all. Sad tidings bring I to you out of France， Of loss, of slaughter, and discomfiture.Guyenne, Compiègne, Rouen, Rheims, Orléans，60 Paris, Gisors, Poitiers are all quite lost. BEDFORD What sayst thou, man, before dead Henry's corpse? Speak softly, or the loss of those great towns Will make him burst his lead and rise from death. GLOUCESTER To the MessengerIs Paris lost？Is Rouen yielded up?65 If Henry were recalled to life again，These news would cause him once more yield the ghost. EXETER To the Messenger How were they lost？What treachery was used? MESSENGER No treachery, but want of men and money.Amongst the soldiers this is mutterèd：70 That here you maintain several factions， And whilst a field should be dispatched and fought， You are disputing of your generals. One would have ling'ring wars, with little cost；
48 await for: expect.
49 moistened: tearful.
50 be前省略shall. marish: marsh.
52 invocate: invoke, call upon.
53 Prosper (vt.): make prosperous. broils: wars.
54 adverse planets: 恶的星宿，旧时认为人的祸福决定于星宿。
56 Julius Caesar: 罗马大将裘力斯·凯撒，传说他死后变成一颗明亮的星。
59 discomfiture: defeat.
60—61 八个法国城市名。其中七个实际上英国失控的年代分别为：Compiègne (1429), Rheims (1429), Orléans (1429), Poitiers（似应为Patay, 1429）, Paris (1436), Rouen (1449), Guyenne（1451），莎士比亚将史实压缩在一起，而且提前了。亨利五世死于1422年。
63 or: otherwise.
64 lead: leaden coffin，铅制的棺材。
72 field: (1) combat force; (2) battle.
73 of: about.Another would fly swift, but wanteth wings；75 A third thinks, without expense at all， By guileful fair words peace may be obtained. Awake, awake, English nobility! Let not sloth dim your honors new-begot.Cropped are the flower-de-luces in your arms；80 Of England's coat, one half is cut away. Exit. EXETER Were our tears wanting to this funeral， These tidings would call forth her flowing tides. BEDFORD Me they concern; Regent I am of France.Give me my steelèd coat. I'll fight for France.85 Away with these disgraceful wailing robes! He removes his mourning robe. Wounds will I lend the French, instead of eyes， To weep their intermissive miseries. Enter to them another Messenger, with letters. SECOND MESSENGER Lords, view these letters, full of bad mischance.France is revolted from the English quite，90 Except some petty towns of no import. The Dauphin Charles is crownèd king in Rheims； The Bastard of Orléans with him is joined； René，Duke of Anjou, doth take his part；The Duke of Alençon flieth to his side. Exit.95 EXETER The dauphin crownèd king？All fly to him? O, whither shall we fly from this reproach? GLOUCESTER We will not fly, but to our enemies' throats. Bedford, if thou be slack, I'll fight it out. BEDFORDGloucester, why doubt'st thou of my forwardness?100
75 wanteth: lacks.
80 Cropped: plucked. flower-de-luces: fleur-de-lis [法]，鸢尾花图案，法兰西的象征。英王亨利五世战胜法国后，取得Heir of France（法兰西王位继承人）的头衔，并传给儿子。此时英国国徽上就加上了鸢尾花图案。 arms: coat of arms，徽记。
81 coat: coat of arms. 英军被法军打败和赶走，英国徽记上就失去鸢尾花图案。
83 her: (1) England's; (2) their（中世纪英语）。
85 for: to gain and keep.
87 lend: give. eyes: eyes weeping tears.
88 weep: shed blood for. intermissive: resumed after an interval.
90 quite: completely.
92 Dauphin Charles: 法国王储，加冕后称Charles VII.
93 Bastard of Orléans: 法国Orléans地区公爵的私生子Jean.
94 Anjou: 法国一地区。
95 Alençon: 法国一地区。
97 reproach: disgrace, infamy.
98 to前省略go. An army have I mustered in my thoughts， Wherewith already France is overrun. Enter another Messenger. THIRD MESSENGER My gracious lords, to add to your laments， Wherewith you now bedew King Henry's hearse，I must inform you of a dismal fight105 Betwixt the stout Lord Talbot and the French. BISHOP OF WINCHESTER What, wherein Talbot overcame — is't so? THIRD MESSENGER O no, wherein Lord Talbot was o'erthrown. The circumstance I'll tell you more at large.The tenth of August last, this dreadful lord，110 Retiring from the siege of Orléans， Having full scarce six thousand in his troop， By three and twenty thousand of the French Was round encompassèd and set upon.115No leisure had he to enrank his men. He wanted pikes to set before his archers — Instead whereof, sharp stakes plucked out of hedges They pitchèd in the ground confusèdly， To keep the horsemen off from breaking in.More than three hours the fight continuèd，120 Where valiant Talbot above human thought Enacted wonders with his sword and lance. Hundreds he sent to hell, and none durst stand him； Here, there, and everywhere, enraged he slew.125The French exclaimed the devil was in arms： All the whole army stood agazed on him. His soldiers, spying his undaunted spirit， “A Talbot！A Talbot!” cried out amain， And rushed into the bowels of the battle.Here had the conquest fully been sealed up，130
102 Wherewith: with which (army)．
105 dismal: unlucky.
106 stout: brave. Lord Talbot: John Talbot (1387?-1453), first Earl (伯爵) of Shrewsbury，当时英国最著名的军人。
109 at large: in detail.
110 dreadful: inspiring dread.
112 full scarce: scarcely full.
115 enrank: put in array.
116 pikes: ironbound, sharpened stakes set in the earth for defence against cavalry.
126 agazed on: astounded at.
127 spying: seeing.
128 A: 相当于法语的à，在专有名词前为表示拥护某人的战争口号。 amain: vehemently.
129 bowels: thick, centre.
130 had...been sealed up: would...have been clinched. If Sir John Fastolf had not played the coward. He, being in the vanguard placed behind， With purpose to relieve and follow them， Cowardly fled, not having struck one stroke.Hence grew the general wrack and massacre.135 Enclosèd were they with their enemies. A base Walloon, to win the dauphin's grace， Thrust Talbot with a spear into the back — Whom all France, with their chief assembled strength，Durst not presume to look once in the face.140 BEDFORD Is Talbot slain then？I will slay myself， For living idly here in pomp and ease Whilst such a worthy leader, wanting aid， Unto his dastard foemen is betrayed. THIRD MESSENGERO no, he lives, but is took prisoner，145 And Lord Scales with him, and Lord Hungerford； Most of the rest slaughtered, or took likewise. BEDFORD His ransom there is none but I shall pay. I'll hale the dauphin headlong from his throne；His crown shall be the ransom of my friend.150 Four of their lords I'll change for one of ours. Farewell, my masters; to my task will I. Bonfires in France forthwith I am to make， To keep our great Saint George's feast withal.155Ten thousand soldiers with me I will take， Whose bloody deeds shall make all Europe quake. THIRD MESSENGER So you had need. Fore Orléans, besieged， The English army is grown weak and faint. The Earl of Salisbury craveth supply，And hardly keeps his men from mutiny，160
131 Sir John Fastolf: 一个英国地主军人。
132 being...behind: bringing up the rear of the vanguard.
135 wrack: destruction.
136 Enclosèd: surrounded. with: by.
137 Walloon: citizen of Walloon, a province now in southern Belgium. grace: favour.
140 Durst: dared.
144 Unto: to. dastard: cowardly.
145 took: taken. 147行同。
148 No one but I shall pay his ransom. ransom 原义为赎金，这里有讽刺意，类似“报复”。
149 hale: pull, drag.
151 change: exchange, i．e., kill in retaliation.
152 I后省略go.
154 Saint George's feast: 英格兰守护圣者的庆祝宴。 withal: with which，正常字序在to keep之前。
159 Earl of Salisbury ['sɔlzbəri]: the fourth Earl of Salisbury，英方一将。 supply: reinforcements.
160 hardly: with difficulty. Since they, so few, watch such a multitude. Exit. EXETER Remember, lords, your oaths to Henry sworn： Either to quell the dauphin utterly， Or bring him in obedience to your yoke. BEDFORDI do remember it, and here take my leave165 To go about my preparation. Exit. GLOUCESTER I'll to the Tower with all the haste I can， To view th' artillery and munition， And then I will proclaim young Henry king. Exit. EXETERTo Eltham will I, where the young king is，170 Being ordained his special governor， And for his safety there I'll best devise. Exit. BISHOP OF WINCHESTER Each hath his place and function to attend； I am left out; for me, nothing remains.But long I will not be Jack out of office.175 The king from Eltham I intend to steal， And sit at chiefest stern of public weal. Exit.SCENE IISound a flourish. Enter Charles the Dauphin, the Duke of Alençon, and René Duke of Anjou, marching with Drummer and Soldiers. CHARLES Mars his true moving — even as in the heavens， So in the earth — to this day is not known. Late did he shine upon the English side； Now we are victors: upon us he smiles.What towns of any moment but we have?5
161 watch: guard.
163 quell: kill, destroy.
167 to前省略go. Tower: Tower of London, castle, palace and arsenal.
170 Eltham: the royal residence, southeast of London.
171 governor, here, guardian.
175 Jack out of office: unemployed nobody.
177 at chiefest stern: at the helm as steersman. public weal: the commonwealth, the state.
I．ii. Near Orléans, France.
s．d. flourish: fanfare of trumpets.
1 Mars his: Mars's，火星的。 true moving: precise movement. 比喻 the favour of the god of war.
3 Late: lately.
5 moment: importance. but: that...not. At pleasure here we lie near Orléans Otherwhiles the famished English, like pale ghosts， Faintly besiege us one hour in a month. ALENÇON They want their porridge and their fat bull beeves.Either they must be dieted like mules，10 And have their provender tied to their mouths， Or piteous they will look, like drownèd mice. RENÉ Let's raise the siege. Why live we idly here? Talbot is taken, whom we wont to fear.Remaineth none but mad-brained Salisbury，15 And he may well in fretting spend his gall： Nor men nor money hath he to make war. CHARLES Sound, sound, alarum！We will rush on them. Now for the honor of the forlorn French，Him I forgive my death that killeth me20 When he sees me go back one foot or flee. Exeunt.SCENE IIIHere alarum. The French are beaten back by the English with great loss. Enter Charles the Dauphin, the Duke of Alençon, and René Duke of Anjou. CHARLES Who ever saw the like？What men have I? Dogs, cowards, dastards！I would ne'er have fled， But that they left me 'midst my enemies. RENÉ Salisbury is a desperate homicide.He fighteth as one weary of his life.5 The other lords, like lions wanting food， Do rush upon us as their hungry prey.
6 lie: be stationed.
7 Otherwhiles: while at times.
9 bull beeves: beef, 旧时的复数。
10 dieted: fed.
14 wont: used.
18 alarum: call to arms.
19 forlorn: lost (used ironically)．
20 I forgive him my death who kills me.
I．iii. 地同上。
5 as: like.
7 their hungry prey: prey of their hunger. ALENÇON Froissart, a countryman of ours, records England all Olivers and Rolands bredDuring the time Edward the Third did reign.10 More truly now may this be verified， For none but Samsons and Goliases It sendeth forth to skirmish. One to ten? Lean raw-boned rascals, who would e'er supposeThey had such courage and audacity?15 CHARLES Let's leave this town, for they are harebrained slaves， And hunger will enforce them to be more eager. Of old I know them: rather with their teeth The walls they'll tear down, than forsake the siege. RENÉI think by some odd gimmers or device20 Their arms are set, like clocks, still to strike on， Else ne'er could they hold out so as they do. By my consent we'll even let them alone. ALENÇON Be it so. Enter the Bastard of Orléans. BASTARDWhere's the Prince Dauphin？I have news for him.25 CHARLES Bastard of Orléans, thrice welcome to us. BASTARD Methinks your looks are sad, your cheer appalled. Hath the late overthrow wrought this offense? Be not dismayed, for succor is at hand.A holy maid hither with me I bring，30 Which, by a vision sent to her from heaven， Ordainèd is to raise this tedious siege And drive the English forth the bounds of France.
8 Froissart，法国14世纪历史家。
9 All the Olivers and Rolands that England bred. Oliver和Roland为查理曼大帝的名将，这里作为英雄的代名词。
12 Samsons and Goliases (Goliaths): 《旧约·圣经》中的英雄人物，见《士师记》13—16章，《撒母耳记上》17章。
13 It：指England.
16 harebrained: reekless，兔子春天发情和发狂。
20 gimmers: mechanism.
21 still: ever.
27 cheer: countenance. appalled: dismayed.
28 overthrow: defeat.
31 Which: who.
32 tedious: wearisome, too long.
33 forth: out of. The spirit of deep prophecy she hath，Exceeding the nine sibyls of old Rome.35 What's past and what's to come she can descry. Speak: shall I call her in？Believe my words， For they are certain and unfallible. CHARLES Go call her in. Exit Bastard. But first, to try her skill，René stand thou as dauphin in my place.40 Question her proudly; let thy looks be stern. By this means shall we sound what skill she hath.
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