作者：圣才电子书
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张汉熙《高级英语（1）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】试读：
Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille
一、词汇短语
1．hurricane [5hQrikEn] n. a severe tropical cyclone usually with heavy rains and winds moving a 73-136 knots飓风
2．lash [lAF] vt. strike against with force or violence猛烈打击：The sleet is lashing the roof.雨夹雪击打着屋顶。
3．pummel [5pQm(E)l] v. （用拳头连续）击打：The child pummeled his mother angrily as she carried him home.那孩子因其母带他回家而生气地捶打着母亲。
4．reluctant [ri5lQktEnt] adj. unwilling; disinclined不愿意的，勉强的：He was very reluctant to go away.他很不愿意离去。其名词形式为reluctance
5．abandon [E5bAndEn] vt. a). leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch放弃，抛弃：abandon a friend in trouble抛弃处于危难中的朋友；b). to give up by leaving or ceasing to operate or inhabit, especially as a result of danger or other impending threat离弃，丢弃：abandon the ship弃船
6．course [kC:s] n. a mode of action or behavior品行，行为
7．demolish [di5mCliF] vt. to do away with completely; put an end to毁坏，破坏：The fire demolished the town.大火烧毁了这座城镇。
8．motel [mEu5tel] n. a hotel for people who are traveling by car, where you can park your car outside your room汽车旅馆
9．gruff [^rQf] adj. hoarse; harsh粗糙的，粗哑的：a gruff voice粗哑的嗓音
10．batten [5bAtn] vt. to furnish, fasten, or secure with battens用压条固定
11．methodically [mI5WRdIk(E)li] adv. orderly and systematically有条理地，有秩序地：He methodically and placidly devoured a loaf of bread.他有条不紊，不动声色地把一整只面包都吃光了。
12．main [mein] n. the principal pipe in a system for conveying water, gas, oil, or other utility（自来水、煤气、石油等的）总管道，干线：gas main煤气总管
13．bathtub [`bB:WtQb] n. a relatively large open container that you fill with water and use to wash the body浴缸，澡盆
14．generator [5dVenEreitE] n. a machine that produces electricity发电机，发动机
15．scud [skQd] vi. to run or skim along swiftly and easily飞奔，疾行，掠过：Dark clouds are scudding by.乌云滚滚而来。
16．mattress [5mAtris] n. a usually rectangular pad of heavy cloth filled with soft material床垫，褥子
17．pane [pein] n. one of the glass-filled divisions of a window or door窗格玻璃
18．French door [frentFdC:] n. two adjoining doors that have glass panes from top to bottom and are hinged at opposite sides of a doorway so that it opens in the middle法式落地双开门
19．disintegrate [dis5inti^reit] vt. to become reduced to components, fragments, or particles分解，分裂，碎裂：disintegrate the enemy troops瓦解敌军
20．blast [blB:st] n. a sudden strong movement of wind or air强风，阵风：A blast of hot air came from the furnace.一股热风从火炉里吹出来。
21．douse [daus] vt. to plunge into liquid; immerse浸泡，使浸透：As a joke, they douse him with a bucket of water.他们开玩笑，把一桶水泼到他身上了。
22．brigade [bri5^eid] n. a group of persons organized for a specific purpose执行特定任务的队伍
23．fire brigade [5faiE bri5^eid] n. or fire company, a body of men organized to fight fires, esp. one of a number of such groups constituting a fire department消防队
24．scramble [5skrAmbl] vi. to move or climb hurriedly, especially on the hands and knees攀爬，爬：scramble up a steep hillside爬上陡峭的山坡
25．litter [5litE] n. the offspring produced at one birth by a multifarious mammal幼仔，一胎生下的小动物
26．shudder [5FQdE] vi. to shiver convulsively, as from fear or revulsion战栗，颤抖：I shudder to think what might happen.我想到可能发生的事而战栗。
27．ferocity [fE5rCsiti] n. the state or quality of being ferocious; fierceness凶恶，残忍，暴行：The rebellion was put down with utmost ferocity.起义遭到了残酷镇压。
28．swipe [swaip] n. a sweeping blow or stroke猛击，重击：She made a swipe at the mosquito.她挥臂打蚊子。
29．maroon [mE5ru:n] vt. to put ashore on a deserted island or coast and intentionally abandon把……放逐到孤岛，（因洪水等）使孤立：During the storm we were marooned in a cabin miles from town.在风暴中我们被围困在离城数英里的小屋内。
30．devastate [5devEsteit] vt. to lay waste; destroy使荒芜，破坏：A long war devastated Europe.长期的战争破坏了欧洲。[扩展]devastation n. 毁坏，破坏/ devastating adj. 破坏性的，毁灭性的/ devastator n. 蹂躏者，劫掠者
31．swath [swC:W] n. the width of a scythe stroke or a mowing-machine blade刈幅（挥动镰刀所及的面积）：The storm cut a wide swath through the town.暴风雨席卷全城，造成很大的破坏。
32．moorings [5muEriNs] n. (of ten pl.) lines, cables, etc. by which a ship is fastened to the land or the bottom of the sea停泊处
33．crack [krAk] v. a). to break or snap apart断裂，折断：The mirror cracked.镜子破裂了。b). to cause to break without complete separation of parts使裂开：crack the glass敲碎玻璃
34．snap [snAp] vi. to break suddenly with a brisk, sharp, cracking sound突然折断，啪的一声折断：A branch snapped off the tree in the wind.大风中一条树枝啪地从树上断落。
35．vacationer [vE5keIF[nE(r)] n. a person taking a vacation, esp. one who is traveling or at a resort度假者，休假者
36．vantage point [5vB:ntidV pCInt] n. a position that allows a clear and broad view有利地势，绝佳的位置
37．gigantic [dVai5^Antik] adj. very large or extensive巨大的，庞大的：He made a last gigantic effort.他做了最后一次巨大的努力。
38．huddle [5hQdl] vi. to crowd together, as from cold or fear挤在一起：They huddled together for warmth.他们挤成一团取暖。
39．slashing [5slAFiN] adj. severe; merciless, violent严厉的，猛烈的：a slashing criticism严厉的批评
40．implore [im5plC:] vt. to appeal to in supplication; beseech恳求，哀求：implore sb. for mercy恳求某人怜悯
41．bar [bB:(r)] n. a vertical line dividing a staff into equal measures; a measure小节线（把五线谱分成相等节拍的竖线）；小节
42．trail [treil] vi. to become gradually fainter; dwindle减弱，减小：His voice trailed off in confusion.困惑中他的声音逐渐变小。
43．debris [5debri:] n. a rough, broken bit and piece of a stone, wood, glass, etc. as after destruction; rubble碎片，瓦砾：After the bombing there was a lot of debris everywhere.轰炸过后到处是一片残骸。
44．sanctuary [5sANktjuEri] n. a place of refuge or asylum避难所，躲避处：The fleeing rebels found a sanctuary in the nearby church.正在逃窜的反叛分子在附近的教堂里避难。
45．cedar [5si:dE] n. any of several Old World evergreen coniferous trees of the genus Cedrus, having stiff needles on short shoots and large, erect seed cones with broad deciduous scales雪松
46．extinguish [iks5tiN^wiF] vt. to put out (a fire, for example); quench熄灭，扑灭：extinguish a fire灭火
47．waver [5weivE] vi. a). to move unsteadily back and forth摇晃，摇曳；b). to become unsteady or unsure; falter动摇：His resolve began to waver.他的决心开始动摇了。
48．topple [5tCpl] vi. to lean over as if about to fall倾倒，摇摇欲坠：The house threatened to topple over.房子有倒塌的危险。
49．lean-to [5li:ntu:] n. a roof with a single slope, its upper edge abutting a wall or building; a shed with a one-slope roof单披屋顶
50．prop [prCp] vt. to support by placing something beneath or against; shore up支撑，维持：We should prop up the fence.我们应该用东西支撑住这栅栏。
51．tilt [tilt] vt. to slope; incline倾斜，倾倒：tilt a soup bowl把汤碗倾斜
52．cower [5kauE] vi. crouch or huddle up, as from fear or cold（因害怕或寒冷而）蜷缩，退缩：The dog cowered under the table when his master raised the whip.主人举起鞭子时，狗蜷缩在桌子下边。
53．slant [slB:nt] v. to give a direction other than perpendicular or horizontal to; make diagonal; cause to slope（使）倾斜，歪向
54．hinge [hindV] n. a joint that holds two parts together so that one can swing relative to the other铰链，折叶
55．diminish [di5miniF] vt. to make smaller or less or to cause to appear so减少，逐渐减小：diminish the cost of production减小生产成本
56．thrust [WrQst] n. a forceful shove or push猛推：He thrust his hands into his trouser pockets.他把双手插在裤子的口袋里。
57．strew [stru:] vt. to spread here and there; scatter撒布，散播；被撒满（表面）：Autumn leaves strewed the lawn.草地上撒满了秋叶。
58．festoon [fes5tu:n] vt. to decorate with or as if with festoons; hang festoons on结彩，用花彩装饰：a square festooned with electric lights张灯结彩的广场
59．coil [kCil] v. to wind in concentric rings or spirals盘绕，卷
60．spaghetti [spE5^eti] n. a pasta made into long solid strings and cooked by boiling实心面条
61．salvation [sAl5veiFEn] n. preservation or deliverance from destruction, difficulty, or evil救助，解救：Government loans have been the salvation of several shaky business companies.政府贷款挽救了几家濒临倒闭的公司。
62．canteen [kAn5ti:n] n. a temporary or mobile eating place, especially one set up in an emergency赈灾处
63．staffer [`stB:fE(r)] n. a member of a staff职员
64．rake [reik] vi. to scrape or sweep; move forward swiftly掠过，迅速向前移动：rake the enemy lines with machine-gun fire用机枪扫射敌人的防线
65．rampage [5rAmpeidV] vi. to move about wildly or violently横冲直撞：He could not lie still, but rampaged up and down his bedroom.他不能静静地躺着，而在卧室里冲来撞去。
66．rampaging [5rAmpeidVing] n. rushing violently or wildly about狂乱，暴躁
67．pitch [pitF] v. a) to throw something with a lot of force, often aiming carefully投，扔，抛掷：He was pitching the ball.他正在投球。b) to fall or be moved suddenly in a particular direction突然倒下：His foot was caught in a rock and he pitched forwards.他的脚被岩石绊了一下, 身子就朝前倒下。
68．incomprehensible [7inkCmpri5hensEbl] adj. difficult or impossible to understand or comprehend; unintelligible不能理解的：incomprehensible jargon难以理解的行话
69．wreckage [5rekidV] n. the debris of something wrecked残骸
70．salvage [5sAlvidV] vt. to save from loss or destruction抢救，打捞：salvage a sunken ship打捞沉船
71．wrath [rC:W] n. forceful, often vindictive anger愤怒，愤慨：A soft answer turned away wrath.和蔼的回答平息了愤怒。
72．the blues [blu:z] n. a depressed, unhappy feeling沮丧，忧郁
73．afflict [E5flikt] vt. to inflict grievous physical or mental suffering on使痛苦，折磨：Famine and war still afflict mankind.饥饿和战争仍使人类遭受痛苦。[扩展]affliction n. 痛苦，苦恼/ afflictive n. 苦恼的，带给人痛苦的
74．weld [weld] vt. to join (metals) by applying heat, sometimes with pressure and sometimes with an intermediate or filler metal having a high melting point焊接，熔接：He welded the broken rod.他焊接一根断了的杆子。
75．reflect [ri5flekt] v. a). to form an image of (an object); mirror or manifest反映，表明：Her work reflects intelligence.她的工作显示出她的智慧。b). to think seriously; contemplate认真思考，深思熟虑：She reflects on her country’s place in history.她认真思考她的国家在历史上的地位。[扩展]reflection n. 反射，影像；沉思/ reflectible adj. 可反射的
二、课文精解
1．Trying to reason out the best course of action…：短语reason out意为“考虑各种可能性以找出解决办法”。例：The detective tried to reason out how the thief has escaped.侦探反复琢磨想弄明白窃贼是怎样逃走的。
2．We’re elevated 23 feet：此句释义为Our house is 23 feet higher above sea level than the former house.
3．…and we’re a good 250 yards from the sea：句中good意为“彻底的，着实的”，此处表达“足有250码”之意。
4．We can batten down and ride it out：句中batten down指“（船上）风暴来临前，用压条封住舱口以防进水”；ride out常与weather、storm连用，意为“战胜风暴”。
5．…if she and her two children could sit out the storm with the Koshaks：sit sth out指“坐着，直到……结束”。例：sit out a boring play耐着性子看完一出乏味的话剧。
6．Wind and rain now whipped the house：该句使用了“拟人”手法，whip指“人用鞭打，鞭笞”，此处用whip一词描述暴风雨，是为了突显其来势之凶。
7．…and the group heard gun like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated：句中report一词，此处指“爆炸声”。例：The tyre bursts with a loud report.轮胎砰的一声爆裂了。
8．Get us through the mess, will You：句中You指的是“the God”，短语get sb through sth意为“帮助某人通过（考试）、渡过（难关等）。”
9．To the west of Gulfport, the town of Pass Christian was virtually wiped out：wipe out“彻底消灭或摧毁某事物”，例：The whole village was wiped out in the bombing raids.整座村庄在轰炸中被摧毁。
10．She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away：bar指“乐谱的一小节”；trail away指“说话声音逐渐减弱到不出声（尤指害羞、慌乱所致）”。
11．We can prop it up with our heads and shoulders：短语prop sth up指“支撑起某物，支住某物”。
12．the Salvation Army：救世军，是一个成立于1865年的基督教教派，以街头布道和慈善活动、社会服务著称。
13．By Tuesday, Charlie’s back had improved, and he pitched in with Seabees：短语pitch in with意为“主动帮助或支持”。例：They pitched in with contributions of money.他们主动捐款支援此事。
14．But the blues did occasionally afflict all the adults：句中the blues指“极其忧伤或沮丧的情绪”。
15．We lost practically all our possessions, but the family came through it：come through指“（重病后）康复，（经某事物后）还活着”。例：With such a weak heart, she was lucky to come through the operation.她心脏很弱，手术后能活下来就是万幸。
三、文体修辞
1．文体
本文是一篇按时间顺序描写飓风Camille的记叙文（a piece of narration）。
文章主要讲述了Koshak一家在飓风Camille中艰难生存下来的经历。文章开篇讲了Koshak一家为迎接飓风Camille做了准备，但是他们低估了Camille的威力，在Camille到来时，房屋被撕裂，Koshak一家面临生死存亡的考验，一家人相互扶持，相互鼓励，向上帝祷告，祈求平安度过这场灾难。最后，在他们几乎绝望之时，灾难飓风渐渐远去，他们生存了下来，一家人更加珍惜彼此，因为虽然他们损失了所有的财产，但是他们lost nothing important。
2．修辞
本文涉及的修辞手法主要有metaphor（隐喻）、simile（明喻）、personification（拟人）等。（1）metaphor
Metaphor是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征，用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。本体和喻体之间不用比喻词，只是在暗中打比方。如：She is a legendary luminous pearl, shining beautifully at night.她是一颗夜明珠，暗夜里发出灿烂的光芒。文中出现的例子如：
A. We can batten down and ride it out. (comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea)
B. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.)（2）simile
Simile是用某一事物或情境来比拟另一个事物或情境。其本体和喻体均同时出现在句中，在形式上是相对应的。其表达方式一般是介词like，连词as，as if，动词seem等以及句型A...to B as C...to D等等表示“好像”。如：The snowflake is dancing in the air like goose feather. 雪花像鹅毛一样飞舞。文中出现的例子如：
A. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparing the passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire)
B. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the sound of the wind to the roar of a passing train)（3）personification
Personification把事、物、观念等拟作人，赋予它们以人的思想与行为方式。这种拟人化的修辞手法读起来使人感到特别形象生动、富有情趣。如：The huge wave stretches out his arms to hold me high up in the air. 巨浪伸出双臂，将我高高托起。文中出现的例子如：
A. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (The hurricane acted as a very strong person lifting something heavy and throwing it through the air.)
B. It seized a 600,000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3 1/2miles away. (The hurricane acted as a very strong man lifting something very heavy and dumping it 3 1/2 miles away.).
四、全文翻译
迎战卡米尔飓风
约瑟夫·布兰克
1．小约翰·科夏克已经预料到卡米尔飓风将会来势凶猛。去年8月17号的那个星期日，当卡米尔飓风掠过墨西哥海港向西北行进时，广播和电视台整天都在播放风暴预警。科夏克一家居住的地方——密西西比的海湾港——肯定会遭到飓风的倾袭。路易斯安那、密西西比和阿拉巴马州沿海地区的居民中，近15万人已逃往内陆安全地带。但就像海岸地区其他成千上万的人一样，约翰不愿意抛弃家园，除非他的整个家庭——他的妻子珍妮丝，以及他们的7个孩子（最大的11岁，最小的3岁）——灾难临头。
2．为了寻求对抗飓风的最佳方案，约翰已经与父母商量过了，他的父母一个月前就从加利福尼亚搬进了约翰那座有十间房的屋子。他还征询过驾车从拉斯维加斯到此拜访的老朋友查理·希尔的意见。
3．约翰所有的产业都在家中(他设计、研发各种教育玩具和教育用品。他的玛格纳制造公司的一切信函、设计图和工艺模具全都放在一楼)，37岁的约翰对飓风的力量并不陌生。四年前，他位于海湾港以西几英里外的那个家就被贝翠飓风摧毁了（此前，科夏克已将家人送到一个汽车旅馆过夜）。不过，那所房子仅仅高出海平面几英尺。“我们现在高出海平面23英尺呢，”他告诉父亲说，“而且，我们距离海岸足有250码远。这房子建于1915年，从未受到过飓风的侵扰。我们呆在这儿恐怕是再安全不过了。”
4．今年已67岁的老科夏克是个脾气暴躁但心肠很好的熟练机械师。对儿子的看法他表示赞同。“我们能够封住风口，战胜风暴”，他说道，“如果有危险迹象，我们可以在天黑前撤离。”
5．几个男人们有条不紊地准备着飓风防御措施。水管可能会被损坏，因此他们将浴缸和水桶装满了水。也可能断电，因此他们仔细检查了手提收音机和手电筒的电池，并给提灯添了油。约翰的父亲将一台小型发电机搬到楼下的走廊，在上面接了几个灯泡，并随时准备把它与冰箱连接在一起。
6．那天下午，雨一直在下。乌云伴着越来越强烈的暴风从海湾上空席卷而来。科夏克一家早早吃过晚饭。一个邻居（她的丈夫在越南）过来问，她和她的两个孩子能否和科夏克一家待在一起，直到飓风结束。另一个邻居在逃亡内陆的途中也跑过来问科夏克一家是否介意帮忙照看一下他的狗。
7．不到7点，天就黑了。狂风暴雨拍打着屋子。约翰让大儿子和大女儿到楼上拿些床垫和枕头给年幼的孩子们。他打算将所有人集中在同一层。“别靠近窗户，”他告诫道，担心被飓风吹碎的窗玻璃会飞落下来。风开始咆哮，房子开始漏雨——雨水仿佛能穿过墙壁，直往里泼。科夏克一家开始用拖把、毛巾、壶和水桶与快速蔓延的水展开斗争。八点半，断电了，科夏克老爹便启动了发电机。
8．飓风的咆哮声此刻压倒了一切。房子摇晃着，客厅的天花板一块块掉到地上。楼上一个房间的法式门“砰”的一声被风吹开了。屋里的人听到楼上玻璃窗破碎时发出的劈劈啪啪的响声。水已经漫过脚踝了。
9．然后，前门开始从门框脱落。约翰和查理用肩顶住门，但一股水浪席卷过来，冲开大门，将他们掀倒在地板上。水浸湿了发电机，灯灭了。查理舔了舔嘴唇，向约翰喊道“我想我们真有麻烦了。水是咸的。”海水已经进到房屋了，水位还在不停地上涨。
10．“大家都从后门走，到车上去！”约翰喊道。“我们把孩子一个个递过去。数数，一共是九个！”
11．孩子们从大人手上像救火队的水桶一样一个个被递了过去。但车无法发动，它的电子系统已经被水破坏了。风太大，水太深，不能靠步行逃命。“回到屋子里去！”约翰又喊道“数数孩子们，一共是九个！”
12．当他们攀爬着回屋后，约翰命令道，“大家都到楼上去！”于是人们都待在由两堵内墙保护的楼梯上，个个吓得要命，气喘吁吁，浑身都湿透了。孩子们把那只叫斯普基的猫和装着她的四只幼仔的盒子放在楼梯平台上。斯普基焦虑地张望着自己的幼仔。邻居的那条狗已经蜷起身子，入睡了。
13．暴风发出的声响就像是几码外的火车疾驰而过时所发出的震耳欲聋的鸣笛声。房子在地基上抖动摇晃。一楼的外墙倒塌了，积水一寸寸漫上楼梯。没有人说话，人人都知道无路可逃，他们是死是活，都只能留在这所房子里。
14．查理·希尔对邻居的那个妇女和她的两个孩子多少尽了些义务。那妇女惊慌失措，她抓住查理的胳膊，不停地说“我不会游泳，我不会游泳……”
15．“不用游泳的，”他佯装镇定地安慰她道，“很快就会结束了。”
16．科夏克奶奶伸出一只手臂搂在丈夫肩上，将嘴贴近他耳边说，“老爷子，我爱你。”柯老爹转过头，也回应道，“我爱你！”嗓音里已没有了往日的粗暴。
17．约翰望着积水拍打着楼梯，感到一阵强烈的内疚。他低估了卡米尔飓风的猛烈性。他曾以为以前没出现的事情就不会发生。他双手抱着头，默默地祈祷着：“上帝啊，请保佑我们度过这一难关吧。”
18．不久，一阵强风袭来，将整个屋顶掀起，抛向40英尺开外的地方。楼梯底部裂开了。一堵墙眼看着就要向这群无路可逃的人压倒过来。
19．弗罗里达州迈阿密的国家飓风中心主任罗伯特·辛普森博士将卡米尔飓风列为“有史以来，袭击过西半球人口居住地的最剧烈的风暴”。在飓风中心方圆70英里范围内，风速接近每小时200英里，掀起的浪头高达30英尺。海湾沿岸飓风过境之处，所有东西都被毁坏：19467所房屋和709个商铺要么被完全摧毁要么遭到严重损坏。飓风刮起了海湾港一个60万加仑的油罐，将其扔到3.5英里开外的地方。它将3艘货船搬离系泊处，掀上海滩。电线杆和20英寸粗的松树被飓风折断时，发出噼哩啪啦的爆破声。
20．海湾港以西的帕斯克里斯镇几乎被彻底摧毁。住在该镇豪华的黎赛留公寓的几位度假者举行了一次聚会，试图从他们所居住的有利地位观赏飓风的壮观景象。结果公寓仿佛被一个巨大的拳头打得粉碎，26人因此丧生。
21．科夏克家的屋顶被吹走后，约翰喊到“快上楼去，待在我们的卧室！数数孩子们。”倾盆大雨中，孩子们蜷缩在大人们围成的圈里。科夏克奶奶哀求道：“孩子们，我们唱歌吧！”孩子们都吓坏了，没有响应。她独自唱了几句，然后声音就渐渐消失了。
22．客厅的壁炉和烟囱坍塌时，掷来片片残骸。他们栖身的那间卧室里有两面墙壁即将崩塌时，约翰立即命令道：“进电视室去!”这是离风头最远的一个房间。
23．约翰用手臂搂了一下妻子。珍妮丝明白了他的意思。狂风暴雨和恐惧使得她不停地发抖，她将两个孩子揽进怀里，心中念叨着，仁慈的上帝啊，请赐予我力量来度过这一切。她怨恨这场飓风。我们一定不会让它得逞。
24．科夏克老爹压抑着心中的怒火，他对自己不能做任何事情来对抗卡米尔飓风感到懊恼。毫无因由地，他跑到一间卧室将一只杉木箱和一个双人床垫拖进了电视室。就在那时，暴风刮倒了一面墙，提灯也熄灭了。又一面墙开始移动摇晃，查理·希尔试图支撑住它，但墙倒在他身上，伤了他的背。房屋摇晃着，已经离开地基25英尺了。似乎要天崩地裂。
25．“我们把那个床垫竖起来！”约翰对父亲喊道。“把它斜靠着挡挡风。让孩子们待在垫子下面。我们可以用头和肩膀顶住它！”
26．大一点儿的孩子趴在地上，小一点的摞在他们上面，大人们都弯下腰罩住他们。地板倾斜了。装着四只小猫的盒子从架子上滑落下来，被风吹得无影无踪。斯普基被从一个滑柜顶部吹走，也不见了踪影。狗闭着眼睛，蜷缩成一团。又一面墙倒塌了。水浪拍打着倾斜的地板。约翰抓住一扇还连接在壁橱墙上的门。“如果地板塌了，”他对父亲喊道，“我们就把孩子们放在这上面。”
27．霎那间，风势稍稍减弱，水面也不再上涨。随后积水开始消退。卡米尔飓风的风眼过去了，科夏克一家和他们的朋友们都幸存了下来。
28．黎明时分，海湾港的居民们开始返回自己的家园。他们看见遇难者的尸体——在密西西比沿海一带就有130多名男女和儿童丧生——海滩和高速公路的某些地段到处都是死狗、死猫和死牲畜的尸体。未被吹倒的树上挂着被撕成布条的衣服，吹断的电线像黑色的意大利面一样一圈圈地盘绕在路面上。
29．返回家园的人们缓慢地行走着，没有高声说话，他们吃惊地呆站着，努力去接受眼前这骇人的景象。“我们该怎么办”他们问道，“我们该去哪儿？”
30．这时，该地区的一些组织，实际上全美人民都已经开始向受灾海岸伸出了援助之手。天还没亮，密西西比州国民警卫队和一些民间防卫组织便开始进入灾区，维持交通，保护财物，建立通讯中心，帮助清理废墟并用卡车和汽车将无家可归的人送往难民收容中心。上午10点左右，救世军的餐车和红十字会志愿队及工作人员已开往所有能够到达的地方去分发热饮、食品、衣服和被褥了。
31．全国各城镇为灾区募捐了几百万美元。日常用品和医疗用品通过飞机、火车、卡车和汽车源源不断地运送进来。联邦政府海运过来440万磅食品，还运来了流动房屋，建立了活动教室，开设了相关机构提供长期低息商业贷款。
32．其间，卡米尔飓风在席卷了密西西比州后继续北进，给弗吉尼亚州西部和南部带来了28英寸以上的降雨，致使洪水泛滥，山体滑坡，又造成111人丧生，最后才在大西洋上空逐渐消散。
33．如同其他许多海湾港家庭一样，科夏克一家很快开始重新安排生活。约翰将一家人分散在两个朋友家。邻家妇女和她的两个孩子去了一个难民收容所。查理·希尔找了一间出租房。周二，查理的背部基本康复了，他加入了海军修建营，从事最艰难的志愿工作——寻找遇难者尸体。风暴过后三天，他决心不回拉斯维加斯，而要“留在海湾港，帮助重建这一社区。”
34．风暴过去快要一周时，一位朋友将自己的公寓提供给科夏克，一家人终于又团聚了。这一经历似乎并未给孩子们造成什么心理阴影；他们仍然对飓风莫可名状的力量感到畏惧，但他们对在那个可怕的夜晚里的所见所闻津津乐道。珍妮丝对飓风后的反应来得稍稍有些缓慢。飓风过后的一个晚上，她突然在凌晨2点醒来。她悄悄起床，走到屋外。抬头望着天空，茫然不知所措，她开始抽泣。
35．与此同时，约翰，科夏克老爹和查理在家里的废墟里寻觅着一些物品。这也许本会使人感到沮丧，但事实却并非如此：每一件搜寻出来的物品都象征着对风暴的一次胜利。那只狗和猫突然出现了，它们还活着，只是饿了。
36．但沮丧的情绪时而不时仍会折磨着那些大人。一次，约翰情绪低落地对父母说，“我希望你们能留下来，这样我们一家人就能在一起了，你们就可以开心地和孩子们在一起，看着他们长大。”
37．生活又恢复正常后，父亲已经拿定主意在这儿开一间焊接铺，听到儿子的话，他说道“不要再为过去那些事情悲伤了，我们一切从头再来吧！”
38．“您很伟大，”约翰说到，“这个镇上有许多像你这样伟大的人。这儿将会变得比以前更好。”
39．随后，科夏克奶奶说到，“我们几乎丧失了所有财产，但我们一家人都挺过来了。想到这一点，我认识到我们并没有损失重要的东西。”（选自约瑟夫·加南《修辞与文学》）
五、练习答案
I. Omitted.
II.
A.
1．He didn’t think his family was in any real danger. His former house had been demolished by Hurricane Betsy for it only stood a few feet above sea level. His present house was 23 feet above sea level and 250 yards away from the sea. He thought they would be safe here as in any place else. Besides, he had talked the matter over with his father and mother and consulted his longtime friend, Charles Hill, before making his decision to stay and face the hurricane.
2．To avoid water mains being damaged, they filled bathtubs and pails, checked out the batteries for radio and flashlights and the fuel for the lantern since they might need them when power is cut off.
A generator was necessary because they could wire light bulbs to it and make the refrigerator in proper function.
3．They found it impossible to escape neither by car nor on foot. The electricity system of the car had been killed by water. As the first-floor outside walls collapsed, the water was rising inch by inch and was above the steps, so the water became too deep for them to flee on foot.
4．John Koshak felt a crushing guilt because it was he who made the final decision to stay and face the hurricane. Now it seemed they might all die in the hurricane.
5．Grandmother Koshak asked the children to sing because she thought this would lessen tension and boost the morale of everyone.
6．Vacationers held a hurricane party to enjoy the natural phenomenon--the unusual and impressive spectacle of the hurricane in the fancy Richelieu Apartments. They believed they would be safe and can observe it with a clear and broad view. But as a result, the powerful hurricane smashed the apartments apart and the Richelieu Apartments failed to be their refuge. At last these vacationers were eventually found missing.
7．Although the hurricane caused great property loss, the whole family were still lucky enough to survive the hurricane. Grandmother Koshak meant that human lives are more important and valuable than material possessions.
8．They managed to return their life to normal and started without delay rebuilding their community.
B.
1．This piece of narration is organized as follows: introduction, development, climax, and conclusion.
试读结束[说明：试读内容隐藏了图片]