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西南政法大学外语学院357英语翻译基础[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解试读：
2011年西南政法大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
Part I. Translate the following English terms, phrases or abbreviations into Chinese. (15 points)
1．carbon emission【答案】碳排放
2．mass media【答案】大众传播媒体
3．board of directors【答案】董事会
4．shuttle diplomacy【答案】穿梭外交
5．bubble economy【答案】泡沫经济
6．industrial property【答案】工业财产
7．microcredit【答案】微额贷款
8．Trojan horse【答案】特洛伊木马
9．United Nations Development Programme【答案】联合国开发计划署
10．certified public accountant【答案】注册会计师
11．BBS【答案】电子布告栏（Bulletin Board System）
12．CBD【答案】业务中心地区（Central Business District）
13．GATT【答案】关税贸易总协定（General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade）
14．EU【答案】欧盟（European Union）
15．IOC【答案】国际奥林匹克委员会（International Olympic Committee）
Part II. Translate the following passages into Chinese (60 points)
Passage One: (40 points)
The Charter of the United Nations
Article 1
The Purposes of the United Nations are:
1．To maintain international peace and security, and to that end: to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace, and for the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace, and to bring about by peaceful means, and in conformity with the principles of justice and international law, adjustment or settlement of international disputes or situations which might lead to a breach of the peace;
2．To develop friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace;
3．To achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character, and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion;
4．To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations in the attainment of these common ends.
Article 2
The Organization and its Members, in pursuit of the Purposes stated in Article 1, shall act in accordance with the following Principles:
1．The Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members.
2．All Members, in order to ensure to all of them the rights and benefits resulting from membership, shall fulfill in good faith the obligations assumed by them in accordance with the present Charter.【参考译文】
联合国宪章
第一条
联合国之宗旨为：
一、维持国际和平及安全；并为此目的：采取有效集体办法，以防止且消除对于和平之威胁，制止侵略行为或其他和平之破坏；并以和平方法且依正义及国际法之原则，调整或解决足以破坏和平之国际争端或情势。
二、发展国际以尊重人民平等权利及自决原则为根据之友好关系，并采取其他适当办法，以增强普遍和平。
三、促成国际合作，以解决国际属于经济、社会、文化及人类福利性质之国际问题，且不分种族、性别、语言或宗教，增进并激励对于全体人类之人权及基本自由之尊重。
四、构成一协调各国行动之中心，以达成上述共同目的。
第二条
为求实现第一条所述各宗旨起见，本组织及其会员国应遵行下列原则：
一、本组织系基于各会员国主权平等之原则。
二、各会员国应一秉善意，履行其依本宪章所担负之义务，以保证全体会员国由加入本组织而发生之权益。
Passage Two: (20 points)
The object of this essay is to assert one very simple principle, as entitled to govern absolutely the dealings of society with the individual in the way of compulsion and control, whether the means used be physical force in the form of legal penalties, or the moral coercion of public opinion.
That principle is that the sole end for which mankind are warranted, individually or collectively in interfering with the liberty of action of any of their number, is self-protection.【参考译文】
本文的目的是要力主一条极其简单的原则，使凡属社会以强制和控制方法对付个人之事，无论所用手段是法律惩罚方式下的物质力量或者是公众意见下的道德压力，都要绝对以它为准绳。这条原则就是：人类之所以有理有权可以个别地或者集体地对其中任何分子的自由行动进行干涉，唯一的目的只是自我防卫。
Part III. Translate the following Chinese terms or phrases into English. (15 points)
1．全国人民代表大会【答案】NPC (National People’s Congress)
2．载人飞船【答案】manned spacecraft
3．《红楼梦》【答案】A Dream of Red Mansions or The Story of the Stone
4．一国两制【答案】One Country, Two Systems
5．孔子【答案】Confucius
6．元宵节【答案】Festival of Lanterns
7．温室效应【答案】greenhouse effect
8．经济全球化【答案】economic globalization
9．亚运会【答案】the Asian Games
10．下岗职工【答案】laid-off workers
11．中国结【答案】Chinese knot
12．白色污染【答案】plastic pollution
13．宏观调控【答案】macro-control/ macro-regulation/macroeconomic regulatory
14．房地产【答案】real estate
15．酸雨【答案】acid rain
Part IV. Translate the following passage into English. (60 points)
30年来，中国人民以一往无前的进取精神和波澜壮阔的创新实践，坚定不移地推进改革开放和社会主义现代化建设，中国的经济实力、综合国力、人民生活水平都上了大台阶，中国的面貌发生了历史性变化。中国成功实现了从高度集中的计划经济体制到充满活力的社会主义市场经济体制、从封闭半封闭到全方位开放的伟大历史转折。中国经济快速发展，人民生活从温饱不足发展到总体小康，政治建设、文化建设、社会建设等领域也取得了举世瞩目的发展成就。在改革开放的伟大实践中，我们深刻认识到，在当今世界日趋激烈的竞争中，一个国家、一个民族要发展起来，就必须与时俱进、改革开放、着力发展、以人为本、促进和谐。【参考译文】
In the past 30 years, resorting to Chinese’s indomitable initiative and the magnificent innovation practice, China has unswervingly advanced the reform and opening-up and socialist modernization. China has undergone historical changes, which are revealed in the great progress in China’s economic power, aggregate national strength and people’s living standard. It has also successfully transferred from a highly-centralized planned economy to a vigorous socialist market economy system, from a closed and semi-closed economy to an all-around open one. This signifies a great historical transition. Owing to the fast development, Chinese people’s living standard has grown from the under-subsistent level to the overall well-off level. And China’s achievements in political, cultural, social construction have won worldwide attention. Through the great practice of reform and opening-up, we deeply realize that if a country or a nation wants to develop itself in such a competitive world at present, it has to keep up with times, reform and open to the outside world, stress on development, place people at the first place and promote social harmony.
2012年西南政法大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
Part I. Translate the following sentences into English. (30 points total, 3 points for each sentence.)
1．减肥的最好方法就是减少摄入的热量，同时增加活动量。【答案】The best way to lose weight is to reduce the intake of calorie and increase more physical activities.
2．母爱是伟大的，也是无私的。据报道，一位瘦弱的母亲是靠卖血资助自己孩子读完大学的。【答案】Mother love is great and selfless. It’s reported that a thin and weak mother financed her child through college by selling her blood.
3．在过去十年中，MBA证书是美好事业前程的通行证。如今，它已不如以前炙手了。【答案】In the last decade, an MBA diploma was the hot ticket for a bright prospect in career. Now, it begins to cool down.
4．大卫·科波菲尔变魔术的技巧让人难以置信，以至于使人不由得怀疑起“眼见为实”的说法来。【答案】David Copperfield did his magic with such an incredible skill that people threw doubt upon the saying that seeing is believing.
5．她在电话上对我说：“我的最大愿望就是整一次容，使自己年轻十岁。”【答案】She told me on the call that her biggest dream was to have a plastic surgery so that she would look ten years younger.
6．妨碍这个学生进步的因素是他的不良习惯和缺乏毅力。【答案】What stop this student from advancing are his bad habits and failing of persistence.
7．这部电影很值得一看，单演员阵容就明星云集，很是强大。【答案】This film, whose cast includes many well-known stars, is worth watching.
8．为了兼职嫌钱，有些学生甚至逃课，严重影响学业。【答案】To do part-time jobs for earning, some students even skip classes, which leaves a bad influence on their study.
9．“吃一堑，长一智”的格言就是提醒你防止犯同样的错误。【答案】The proverb “a fall into the pit, a gain in your wit” reminds you to secure from a repetition of the same mistakes.
10．要想成功的话，一个人应该积极地进行自我训练，而不是随大流混日子。
试读结束[说明：试读内容隐藏了图片]