床头灯英语5000词纯英文:理智与情感(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)


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作者:(英)简·奥斯汀

出版社:航空工业出版社

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床头灯英语5000词纯英文:理智与情感

床头灯英语5000词纯英文:理智与情感试读:

CHAPTER 1

The family of Dashwood had long been settled in Sussex, and their residence was at Norland Park, in the centre of their property, where, for many generations, they had lived in so respectable a manner as to engage the general good opinion of their surrounding acquaintances. The late owner of this estate was a single man, who lived to a very advanced age, and who for many years of his life, had a constant companion and housekeeper in his sister. But her death, which happened ten years before his own, produced a great alteration in his home; for to supply her loss, he invited and received into his house the family of his nephew, Mr. Henry Dashwood, the legal inheritor of the Norland estate, and the person to whom he intended to give all his fortune and property to. In the society of his nephew and niece, and their children, the old Gentleman's days were comfortably spent.

By a former marriage, Mr. Henry Dashwood had one son: by his present lady, three daughters. The son, a steady respectable young man, was amply provided for by the fortune of his mother, which had been large. By his own marriage, likewise, he added to his wealth.

To him therefore the succession to the Norland estate was not so really important as to his sisters; for their fortune, independent of what might arise to them from their father's inheriting that property, could be but small. Their mother had nothing, and their father only seven thousand pounds in his own disposal; for the remainder of his first wife's fortune was also secured to her child, and he had only a life-interest in it.

The old gentleman died: his will was read, and like almost every other will, gave as much disappointment as pleasure. He was neither unjust or ungrateful to his nephew, Mr. Henry Dashwood, but left him the property with specific instructions that it must be passed down to his son, who had already a great fortune. Dashwood had wished for it more for the sake of his wife and daughters than for himself or his son. He now had no way to provide for his wife and daughters, those who were most dear to him, and who were desperately in need of a fortune.

The old gentleman meant not to be unkind, however, and, as a mark of his affection for the three girls, he left them a thousand pounds apiece. Mr. Dashwood's disappointment was, at first, severe; but his temper was cheerful and hopeful he would somehow be able to provide his daughters with some fortune. Unexpectedly, however, he died less than a year after the old gentleman; and ten thousand pounds, including the late legacies, was all that remained for his widow and daughters.

Mr. John Dashwood, his son, had not the strong feelings of the rest of the family; but he was affected by a recommendation made by his father to care for his father's wife and daughters, promising to do every thing in his power to make them comfortable. His father was rendered easy by such an assurance, and Mr. John Dashwood had then leisure to consider how much there might prudently be in his power to do for them.

He was not an ill-disposed young man, unless to be rather cold hearted and rather selfish is to be ill-disposed: but he was, in general, well respected. Had he married a more amiable woman, he might have been made still more respectable than he was, but his wife was more narrow-minded and selfish than he.

When he gave his promise to his father, he meditated within himself to increase the fortunes of his sisters by the present of one thousand pound apiece. Yes, he would give them three thousand pounds: it would be liberal and handsome! It would be enough to make them completely easy. Three thousand pounds! He could spare so considerable a sum with little inconvenience, as his yearly income alone was nearly four thousand pounds.

No sooner was his father's funeral over, than Mrs. John Dashwood, without sending any notice of her intention to her mother-in-law, arrived with her child and their attendants. No one could dispute her right to come; the house was her husband's from the moment of his father's death; but the indelicacy of her conduct was so much the greater, and to a woman in Mrs. Dashwood's situation, with only common feelings, must have been highly unpleasing.

Mrs. John Dashwood had never been a favourite with any of her husband's family; but she had had no opportunity, till the present, of showing them with how little attention to the comfort of other people she could act when occasion required it.

Mrs. Dashwood felt this behaviour to be most ungracious. She would have quitted the house forever, had not her eldest daughter, Elinor, persuaded her to stay, to avoid conflict with their brother in the future.

Elinor, this eldest daughter, whose advice was so effectual, possessed a strength of understanding, and coolness of judgment, which qualified her, though only nineteen, to be the counselor of her mother, and enabled her frequently to counteract, to the advantage of them all, that eagerness of mind in Mrs. Dashwood which must generally have led to imprudence.

She had an excellent heart; her feelings were strong, but she knew how to govern them: it was a knowledge, which her mother had yet to learn; and which one of her sisters had resolved never to be taught.

Marianne's abilities were, in many respects, quite equal to Elinor's. She was sensible and clever; but eager in everything: her sorrows, her joys, could have no moderation. She was generous, amiable, interesting; she was everything but prudent. The resemblance between her and her mother was strikingly great.

Elinor saw, with concern, the excess of her sister's sensibility; but by Mrs. Dashwood it was valued and cherished. They encouraged each other now in the violence of their affliction. They gave themselves up wholly to their sorrow, seeking increase of wretchedness in every reflection that could afford it.

Elinor, too, was deeply afflicted; but still she could struggle; she could exert herself. She could consult with her brother, could receive her sister-in-law on her arrival, and treat her with proper attention; and could strive to rouse her mother to exertion, and encourage her to similar behaviours.

Margaret, the other sister, was a good-humored, well-disposed girl; but as she had already taken in a good deal of Marianne's romance, without having much of her sense, she did not, at thirteen, bid fair to equal her sisters at a more advanced period of life.注释

Sussex['sʌsiks]n. 苏塞克斯;英国南部的一个郡,英国的七国时代;七国中的一个国家。

acquaintance[ə'kweintəns]n. 相识的人,认识的人;动词为acquaint

advanced age 这是个常用的表达法,表示很大的年龄。

alteration[ˌɔːltə'reiʃən]n. 变更;它的动词为alter,与change是同义词。

inheritor[in'heritə(r)]n. 继承人

former['fɔːmə]adj. 前任的,eg. former wife,former husband

present[pri'zent]adj. 现任的;所以文章中的present lady 指的就是现任妻子。

fortune['fɔːtʃən]n. 财产;常见的词组如make a fortune,“赚钱”。

By his own marriage 在这一段中,要注意的是by的用法,By a former marriage和By his own marriage的结构中,by表示的是利用、藉由的意思。表示通过某一种方式。

succession[sək'seʃən]n. 继承;这个单词是succeed的名词形式。succeed有“继承、继任”的意思,同义词还有successor“继承人”。

remainder[ri'meində]n. 剩余的东西;按照规定,妻子的财产在死后平均分配给孩子和丈夫,但是丈夫在去世后要将这部分财产留给他与这位妻子的儿子。这就是为什么后面文中说,父亲对前妻另一半遗产的所有权只在生前有效,他一去世,这一半财产也归儿子承袭。

life-interest 终身权益,这种权益无法遗传给下一代。

unjust['ʌn'dʒʌst]adj. 不公平的;这个词与just刚好是反义词。

pass down to 传给…;这个词组与descend to是同义词。

for the sake of 为了…;这个词组后面要接名词、代词词组或动名词。

desperately['despəritli]adv. 拼命地;该词有两个基本含义,用在形容词前面时,多被翻译成表示程度的“拼命地”。

legacy['leɡəsi]n. 遗物;这个名词用来表示祖先、前人或过去相传下来的某种东西。

widow['widəu]n. 寡妇;而死了妻子的丈夫被称为widower。

render[rendə]v. 给予;这动词与offer是同义词,所以render easy表示的就是放宽心的意思。

prudently['pruːdəntli]adv. 谨慎地,慎重地;在这里面,该词用来表示程度,表示在他的能力范围内到底可以尽多少力。

ill-disposed adj. 坏心眼的;通常情况下,ill这个单词很少用来做定语。ill做定语的时候表示的是人品不好的意思。而要表示生病的时候,常用sick来表示。

Had he married a more amiable woman,he might have been made still more respectable than he was.这句话使用了虚拟语气,对过去的某种不可更改的事实表示惋惜,他所表示的是,这位年轻人所娶的并非是一位和蔼一点的女人。

narrow-minded['nærəu'maindid]adj. 气量小的,小心眼的;这种adj.+n.+ed的构词法,在英语中非常的常见。

increase by 增长了,而increase to表示增长到,通常情况下,by表示“了”,而to表示“到”

spare[spɛə]v. 节约,节省;这个词作动词的时候,表示节省,在本文中就表示省出这笔巨款。

send a notice of 通告一下,打声招呼这个词组用来表示通知某人。

attendant[ə'tendənt]n. 仆人;这个单词与servant是同义词,有的时候还可以表示追随者的意思。

dispute[di'spjuːt]v. 争论,怀疑;在这里,这个词表示的是置疑的意思,与doubt是同义词。

indelicacy[in'delikəsi]n. 粗俗,无礼;这个词是对没有教养的人的形容。整个句子“but the indelicacy of her conduct was so much the greater,and to a woman in Mrs. Dashwood's situation,with only common feelings,must have been highly unpleasing”描写得很形象,这个句子中,作者运用了两个插入语,“对于任何一个女人处在达什伍德太太当婆母的位置上”和“按照人之常情”来表明强调这件事情有悖常理。

favourite['feivərit]n. 喜爱的人或事物;这个单词用作名词的时候表示的就是喜爱的人,所以文中,…been a favoourite with any of her husband's family.表示的就是不受她丈夫家里面任何人的喜爱。

counselor['kaunsələ]n. 顾问;原文的意思是成为他母亲的顾问,为了符合汉语的习惯.翻译成:为母亲出谋划策。

in many respects 在很多方面,这个词组通常用在句首。

moderation[ˌmɔdə'reiʃən]n. 适度,节制;这个词与形容词moderate是同源词,但是已经没有原本的‘谦虚’的含义,而转化成了‘节制’。

amiable['eimjəbl]adj. 可亲的,亲切的;这个词与kind和easy-going是近义词,但是由于这个词来自于法语,所以多用于书面语或者是正式的场合。

resemblance[ri'zembləns]n. 相似之处;这个词与动词resemble是同源词,resemble sb.表示look like sb.而resemblance则与similarity是同义词。

affliction[ə'flikʃən]n. 痛苦;这个词是个非常正式的词汇,与suffering,pain是同义词。

They encouraged each other now in the violence of their affliction. 在这个句子中,encourage 本来表示的是鼓励,但是由于后面接的是“in the violence of their affliction”所以变成了,两个人其实是由于都非常的痛苦,在一起反倒是越发使对方悲痛的情绪变得高涨起来。

give up to 向…投降;这个词语本来表示向某人屈服,可是如果后面加的是某一种情绪或者是嗜好,则有“沉溺其中的意思”相当于indulge oneself in。

strive to do 努力做某事;这个词组与manage to do是同义词组,都是强调做这件事需要克服一定的困难。

well-disposed[ˌweldi'spəuzd]adj. 性格好的;这个复合形容词结合了well和disposed的含义。

bid fair to 有…的可能,有…的希望;所以这个句子bid fair to equal her sisters表示的是有希望和她的姐姐相同。

CHAPTER 2

Mrs. John Dashwood now installed herself as mistress of Norland; and her mother and sisters-in-law were degraded to the condition of visitors. As such, however, they were treated by her with quiet civility; and by her husband with as much kindness as he could feel towards anybody beyond himself, his wife, and their child.

Mrs. John Dashwood did not at all approve of what her husband intended to do for his sisters. To take three thousand pounds from the fortune of their dear little boy would be leaving him desperately ruined in the future. She begged him to think again on the subject. And what possible claim could the Miss Dashwoods, who were related to him only by half blood, which she considered as no relationship at all, have on his generosity to so large an amount.

"Well, LET something be done for them; but THAT something need not be three thousand pounds. Consider," she advised, "that when the money is once parted with, it never can return. If, indeed, it could be restored to our poor little boy —"

"Why, to be sure," said her husband, very gravely, "that would make great difference. Perhaps, then, it would be better for all parties, if the sum were diminished by one half. Five hundred pounds would be a great increase to their fortunes!"

"Oh! Beyond anything great! There is no knowing what THEY may expect," said the lady, "but we are not to think of their expectations,the question is what you can afford to do."

"Certainly — and I think I may afford to give them five hundred pounds apiece — a wonderful addition to their fortunes."

"To be sure it is; and, indeed, it strikes me that they can want no addition at all. They will have ten thousand pounds divided amongst them. If they marry, they will be sure of doing well, and if they do not, they may all live very comfortably together on the interest of ten thousand pounds."

"That is very true, and, therefore, I do not know whether, upon the whole, it would not be more advisable to do something for their mother while she lives, rather than for them — something of the annuity kind I mean. A hundred a year would make them all perfectly comfortable."

His wife hesitated a little, however, in giving her consent to this plan.

"To be sure," said she, "it is better than parting with fifteen hundred pounds at once. But, then, if Mrs. Dashwood should live fifteen years we shall be completely taken in."

"Fifteen years! My dear Fanny; her life cannot be worth half that purchase."

"Certainly not; but if you observe, people always live for ever when there is an annuity to be paid them; and she is very stout and healthy, and hardly forty. An annuity is a very serious business; it comes over and over every year, and there is no getting rid of it."

"It is certainly an unpleasant thing," replied Mr. Dashwood, "to have those kind of yearly drains on one's income."

"Undoubtedly; and after all you have no thanks for it. They think themselves secure, you do no more than what is expected, and it raises no gratitude at all. If I were you, whatever I did should be done at my own discretion entirely. I would not bind myself to allow them any thing yearly. It may be very inconvenient some years to spare a hundred, or even fifty pounds from our own expenses."

"I believe you are right, my love; it will be better that there should by no annuity in the case. Whatever I may give them occasionally will be of far greater assistance than a yearly allowance, because they would only enlarge their style of living if they felt sure of a larger income, and would not be sixpence the richer for it at the end of the year. It will certainly be much the best way. A present of fifty pounds, now and then, will prevent their ever being distressed for money, and will, I think, be amply discharging my promise to my father."

"To be sure it will. I am convinced within myself that your father had no idea of your giving them any money at all. The assistance he thought of, I dare say, was only such as might be reasonably expected of you; for instance, such as looking out for a comfortable small house for them. Do consider, my dear Mr. Dashwood, how excessively comfortable your mother-in-law and her daughters may live on the interest of seven thousand pounds, besides the thousand pounds belonging to each of the girls, which brings them in fifty pounds a year apiece, and, of course, they will pay their mother for their board out of it. Altogether, they will have five hundred a year amongst them, and what on earth can four women want for more than that?"

"Upon my word," said Mr. Dashwood, "I believe you are perfectly right. My father certainly could mean nothing more by his request to me than what you say. I clearly understand it now, and I will strictly fulfill my engagement by such acts of assistance and kindness to them as you have described. When my mother removes into another house my services shall be readily given to accommodate her as far as I can. Some little present of furniture too may be acceptable then."

"Certainly," returned Mrs. John Dashwood." But, however, ONE thing must be considered. When your father and mother moved to Norland, though the furniture was sold, all the china, plate, and linen was saved, and is now left to your mother. Her house will therefore be almost completely fitted up as soon as she takes it."

"That is a material consideration undoubtedly. A valuable legacy indeed! And yet some of the plate would have been a very pleasant addition to our own stock here."

"Yes; and the set of breakfast china is twice as handsome as what belongs to this house. A great deal too handsome, in my opinion, for any place THEY can ever afford to live in. But, however, so it is. Your father thought only of THEM. We all very well know that if he could, he would have left almost everything in the world to THEM," explained Mrs. John Dashwood, in disgust.

This argument was irresistible.

It gave to his intentions whatever decision was wanting before; and he finally resolved, that it would be absolutely unnecessary to do more for the widow and children of his father, than such kind of neighbourly acts as his own wife pointed out.注释

mistress['mistris]n. 女主人;这个名词在现代英语里面表示的是“情妇”而不是女主人了。

be degraded to 被降级到…;这句话中,表示达什伍德夫人和小姐们的身分发生的变化,降低了。

…could feel towards anybody beyond himself … feel… toward sb. 对别人觉得…在这个句式里面又加上了beyond结构表示除了…范围之外,对人有…样的感觉,所以这个句子翻译成他除了对自己和自己的老婆孩子之外,对别人充其量也只能如此。

approve of 赞成,这个词组与agree是同义词组.表示对于别人的提议或决定同意与否。

leave sb. done 使某人被…; ruin本来表示的使毁灭,在这里面是夸张的说法,少了三千英磅,就是被毁了,使得他们的儿子变成了穷光蛋。

LET something be done for them; but THAT something need not be three thousand pounds… 书面语中要想表达某种语气除了用词汇描述外,就是用大写字母来强调语气。在这个句子中,LET和THAT都是用来加重语气,表明在说话时,约翰·达什伍德夫人说话的着重点。

gravely['ɡrævəli]adv. 严峻地

be better for all parties 原本的词组是be good for sb. 对某人有好处。

diminish[di'miniʃ]v. 减少,变小;在文中表示要给几个妹妹的钱削减到一半。

be to do 结构在这里表示“理应做…,想要做…”

a wonderful addition to …一笔不错的补贴;这句话可以反映出这对夫妇的性格,本来要给一千英镑的计划被削减到五百英镑,居然还很得意的觉得自己慷慨的不的了。

do well 过得好,过得富裕

do not know 在这里不能翻译成为“不知道”,它相当be wondering,“想知道,正在考虑”是一种提出建议的委婉语。

annuity[ə'nju(ː)iti]n. 年金,养老金

hesitate in doing 做…有些犹豫

give consent to 同意,赞同某事

parting with fifteen hundred pounds… part with sb 本意是与某人分离,这里面,与一千五百英磅分离实际上意指送出去一千五百英磅,这个词组用在这里充分显现出她对这笔钱的不舍。

…if Mrs. Dashwood should live fifteen years we shall be completely taken in 这个句子中,使用了if虚拟句,表示对未来的虚拟,“要是达什伍德太太活上十五年”,而后面用了陈述语气,表示一旦那种情形出现,会必然出现的结果。Take in,这个词组表示的使某个人踏入陷阱。

her life cannot be worth half that purchase 我们从这句话中可以充分看出达什伍德先生的冷漠,be worth of本指的“值得”,可是全句加在一起,她的生命与交易买卖构成了系表结构的主语和表语,把人的生命与交易构成类比,只有冷漠的人才能说出这种腔调。

hardly['hɑːdli]adv.刚刚,仅

have no thanks for 因为做了…而受到感谢;have thanks表示的是被领情,受到感谢的意思。

discretion[dis'kreʃən]n. 判断力

bind oneself to do 把自己局限于…;bind的基本含义里面就包含有捆绑的意思。

allowance[ə'lauəns]n. 津贴,超出工资范围内的钱

discharge[dis'tʃɑːdʒ]v. 履行,完成承诺

have no idea of 没有…的想法,有时候这个词组还表示不明白,不懂得。

interest['intrist]n. 利息,利益;在这里表示的是利息。

board[bɔːd]n. 膳食费用;这里是说每个妹妹都得向她们的母亲交纳膳食费用。

accommodate[ə'kɔmədeit]v. 安顿

linen['linin]n. 亚麻布,亚麻制品

fit up 动词词组,表示装备房间,而文中的house will therefore be almost completely fitted up…则表示,整个房子都装饰的不错的意思。

material consideration 周到,重要的考虑,material做形容词时,表示周到的,重要的,material consideration,字里行间都透露出作者对于这对夫妇的讽刺口吻。

addition to sth 对于…的补充;在文中表示的是,对于他们收藏品的补充,表现出他们的贪婪。

A great deal too handsome,in my opinion,for any place THEY can ever afford to live in. But,however,so it is. Your father thought only of THEM. We all very well know that if he could,he would have left almost everything in the world to THEM.这个句子主要是要注意它的强调语气,这种用大写单词来表示强调的用法在前文曾经提到过。这个句子同时运用了反复和排比句式,使得这个句子读起来很有气势,突出了约翰·达什伍德夫人的不满情绪。

It gave to his intentions whatever decision was wanting before. 这个句子看起来有些复杂,it指的是上文中约翰·达什伍德夫人所说的话,wanting表示“欠缺的”,这句话表示的是,他的打算之前一直没法成为决定是因为还欠缺一些东西,而约翰·达什伍德夫人的话弥补了这些。

CHAPTER 3

Mrs. Dashwood remained at Norland several months, though she was impatient to be gone, and often made inquiries for a suitable dwelling in the neighbourhood; for to remove far from that beloved spot was impossible. But she could hear of no situation that at once answered her notions of comfort and ease, and suited the prudence of her eldest daughter, whose steadier judgment rejected several houses as too large for their income, which her mother would have approved.

Mrs. Dashwood had been informed by her husband of the solemn promise on the part of his son in their favour, which gave comfort to his last earthly reflections. She doubted the sincerity of this assurance no more than he had doubted it himself, and she thought of it for her daughters'sake with satisfaction, though as for herself she was persuaded that a much smaller provision than seven thousand pounds would support her in affluence.

For their brother's sake, too, for the sake of his own heart, she rejoiced; and she reproached herself for being unjust to his merit before, in believing him incapable of generosity. His attentive behaviour to herself and his sisters convinced her that their welfare was dear to him.

The contempt, which she had felt for her daughter-in-law, was very much increased by the further knowledge of her character, which half a year's residence in her family afforded. Perhaps the two ladies might have found it impossible to have lived together so long, had not a particular circumstance occurred. This circumstance was a growing attachment between her eldest girl and the brother of Mrs. John Dashwood, a gentlemanlike and pleasing young man, who was introduced to their acquaintance soon after his sister's establishment at Norland, and who had since spent the greatest part of his time there.

Some mothers might have encouraged the intimacy from motives of interest, for Edward Ferrars was the eldest son of a man who had died very rich, but Mrs. Dashwood was uninfluenced by such considerations. It was enough for her that he appeared to be amiable, that he loved her daughter, and that Elinor returned the partiality.

Edward Ferrars was not recommended to their good opinion by any peculiar graces of person or address. He was not handsome, and his manners required intimacy to make them pleasing. His mother wished to interest him in political concerns; Mrs. John Dashwood

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