超精讲,分类练,英语四级简单过(8套四级真题,专项模拟练习,全真模拟试题,精细解读,助你轻松考过四级!)(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)


发布时间:2020-12-03 21:23:12

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作者:李文昊,易人外语教研组

出版社:江苏凤凰科学技术出版社

格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT

超精讲,分类练,英语四级简单过(8套四级真题,专项模拟练习,全真模拟试题,精细解读,助你轻松考过四级!)

超精讲,分类练,英语四级简单过(8套四级真题,专项模拟练习,全真模拟试题,精细解读,助你轻松考过四级!)试读:

前言

Preface

大学英语四级考试,是由国家教育部高等教育司主持的全国性教学考试。考试的主要对象是非英语专业的在校本科生和研究生,目的是对大学生的英语能力进行客观而准确的测量。四级考试每年举行两场,分别在6月份和12月份。四级考试总分710分,成绩在425分以上方可报考六级考试,因此可将425分看做四级的及格线。

备考期间,考生不仅要注意基础知识的累积,更要熟知历年考试真题,对薄弱环节进行巩固加强。结合教育部最新颁布的《大学英语四级考试大纲》,我们编写了这本《超精讲,分类练,英语四级简单过》给广大考生参考。

近年来,四级题型除听力部分外没有大的变化,分为四大部分:写作、听力理解、阅读理解和翻译四个部分。以此为准,本书分为四大板块:历年真题与解析,听力专项练习,作文专项练习和模拟训练题。本书收录了2014年6月至2016年6月之间的10套最新真题,并附有详细解析,考生可依据这些真题熟悉各种题型,掌握解题思路。其中写作部分和听力部分共占45%的分值,容易丢分,却也容易得到最快提升。因此,本书专门为这两个题型开辟了针对性练习板块,以期帮助考生在最短的时间内最大程度的提升写作和听力技能。此外,以对历年真题材料和出题类型的研究为依据,本书提供了10套模拟题,每套题的词汇量、题型、难度均与标准的四级真题一致,供考生自行进行测验。

此外,要注意的是,自2016年6月份开始,四级的听力试题有局部调整,取消了短对话和短文听写,新增了3段短篇新闻,长对话仍是2篇,但是题目从7题增加到8题,听力篇章保持不变。总分值不变,时间减少为25分钟。总的来说,难度有明显提升。在此特别说明,本书听力专项训练和模拟题中的听力部分均为新题型,请考生们放心使用。

最后,希望本书能给广大考生带来切实的帮助,顺利通过四级考试!

易人外语教研组

User's Guide

1.历年真题,精细解析

本书选取2014年6月至2016年6月之间的10套大学英语四级考试真题,对每一套真题每一道小题都进行了详细的答案解析。考生可依照从近到远的年份顺序试做,了解题型变化和真题难度。

 

2.最新题型,抢先练习

时刻关注考试动态,第一时间掌握考试信息,并对考试变革做出迅速反应。书中集合的不只是最新的真题,还有最新题型的训练,以及以最新题型为标准编写的模拟题。

3.强化训练,专项提升

针对最让考生头痛的写作和听力两部分,进行了特别练习。特别是听力部分,以最新题型为模板,准备了5套专项练习。写作部分,更是准备了20套专项练习,其中涵盖各种题材,并配有范文和译文,帮助考生应对各种出题可能。

 

4.模拟试题,了解实力

以真题为标准,总结了最近三年四级考试出题规律和方式,这10套题的水准与真题相当。同真题一样,也配有细致解析。考前做一做,可以对自己的强项和弱项有一个更加清晰的了解,以便查漏补缺,为实战做好更充分的准备。

 Part 01 大学英语四级历年真题与解析

2016年6月大学英语四级真题及答案解析(卷1)

2016年6月大学英语四级真题及答案解析(卷2)

2015年12月大学英语四级真题及答案解析(卷1)

2015年6月大学英语四级真题及答案解析(卷1)

2015年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案解析(卷2)

2015年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案解析(卷3)

2014年12月大学英语四级真题及答案解析(卷1)

2014年12月大学英语四级真题及答案解析(卷2)2016年6月大学英语四级真题及答案解析(卷1)

Part I Writing

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Part II Listening Comprehension

© Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

1. A) The International Labor Organization's key objective.

B) The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.

C) Rising unemployment worldwide.

D) Global economic recovery.

2. A) Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.

B) Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.

C) Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.

D) Many countries need support to improve their people's livelihood.

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

3. A) Serve standardized food nationwide. B) Put calorie information on the menu.

C) Increase protein content in the food. D) Offer convenient food to customers.

4. A) They will be fined. B) They will be closed.

C) They will get a warning. D) They will lose customers.

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

5. A) Inability to implement their business plans.

B) Inability to keep turning out novel products.

C) Lack of a successful business model of their own.

D) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.

6. A) It is the secret to business success. B) It is the creation of something new.

C) It is a magic tool to bring big rewards. D) It is an essential part of business culture.

7. A) Its hardworking employees. B) Its flexible promotion strategy.

C) Its innovation culture. D) Its willingness to make investments.

© Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

8. A) He's got addicted to technology. B) He is not very good at socializing.

C) He is crazy about text-messaging. D) He does not talk long on the phone.

9. A) Talk big. B) Talk at length. C) Gossip a lot. D) Forget herself.

10. A) He thought it was cool. B) He needed the practice.

C) He wanted to stay connected with them. D) He had an urgent message to send.

11. A) It poses a challenge to seniors. B) It saves both time and money.

C) It is childish and unprofessional. D) It is cool and convenient.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12. A) He wants to change his job assignment.

B) He is unhappy with his department manager.

C) He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.

D) He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.

13. A) His workload was much too heavy. B) His immediate boss did not trust him.

C) His colleagues often refused to cooperate. D) His salary was too low for his responsibility.

14. A) He never knows how to refuse. B) He is always ready to help others.

C) His boss has a lot of trust in him. D) His boss has no sense of fairness.

15. A) Put all his complaints in writing. B) Wait and see what happens next.

C) Learn to say "no" when necessary. D) Talk to his boss in person first.

© Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A) The importance of sleep to a healthy life.

B) Reasons for Americans' decline in sleep.

C) Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.

D) Diseases associated with lack of sleep.

17. A) They are more health-conscious. B) They are changing their living habits.

C) They get less and less sleep. D) They know the dangers of lack of sleep.

18. A) Their weight will go down. B) Their mind function will deteriorate.

C) Their work efficiency will decrease. D) Their blood pressure will rise.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19. A) How much you can afford to pay.

B) What course you are going to choose.

C) Which university you are going to apply to.

D) When you are going to submit your application.

20. A) The list of courses studied. B) The full record of scores.

C) The references from teachers. D) The personal statement.

21. A) Specify what they would like to do after graduation.

B) Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying.

C) Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.

D) Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

22. A) It was equipped with rubber tyres. B) It was built in the late 19th century.

C) It was purchased by the Royal family. D) It was designed by an English engineer.

23. A) They consumed lots of petrol. B) They took two passengers only.

C) They were difficult to drive. D) They often broke down.

24. A) They were produced on the assembly line. B) They were built with less costly materials.

C) They were modeled after British cars. D) They were made for ordinary use.

25. A) It made news all over the world. B) It was built for the Royal family.

C) It marked a new era in motor travel. D) It attracted large numbers of motorists.

Part III Reading Comprehension

© Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 26 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

Physical activity does the body good, and there's growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, (26) to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a (27) of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic (28) , investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, (29) in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.

The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to (30) on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. (31) in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be (32) exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood (33) to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are (34) to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve (35) and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they're running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.

A. attendance B. consequently C. current D. depressing

E. dropping F. essential G. feasible H. flow

I. mood J. mutually K. particularly L. performance

M. review N. survive O. tend

© Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Finding the Right Home—and Contentment, Too

A) When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long-term care facility—a moment few parents or children approach without fear—what you would like is to have everything made clear.

B) Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that an out-moded stereotype(固定看法)? Can doing one's homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.

C) I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care, let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.

D) The most recent of these studies, published in The Journal of Applied Gerontology, surveyed 150 Connecticut residents of assisted living, nursing homes and smaller residential care homes (known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes). Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life, emotional well-being and social interaction, as well as about the quality of the facilities.

E) "We thought we would see differences based on the housing types," said the lead author of the study, Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumption—don't families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can't?

F) In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities, for instance, and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.

G) But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables, such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type, they found, that creates differences in residents' responses. "It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in, combined with their own personal characteristics—how healthy they feel they are, their age and marital status," Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.

H) An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health, therefore, might be no less depressed in assisted living (even if her children preferred it) than in a nursing home. A person who had input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences. "You can't just say, 'Let's put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home—she will be much better off'," Dr. Robison said. "What matters," she added, "is a combination of what people bring in with them, and what they find there."

I) Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living, for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables—the facility's type, size or age; whether a chain owned it; how attractive the neighborhood was—had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents' physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened once they were there.

J) As I was considering all this, a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk, announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact, consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities, the lowest rated, than with the five-star ones. (More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.)

K) Before we collectively tear our hair out—how are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing?—here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane, a geriatrician(老年病学专家) at the University of North Carolina: "In a way, that could be liberating for families."

L) Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don't have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. "Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy," Dr. Sloane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.

M) We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness. They have their ideas, too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my town. I have seen this place—it is elegant, inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived, though the visit had been planned; nobody introduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room, they sat alone at a table.

N) The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.

36. Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.

37. Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.

38. It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.

39. How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.

40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.

41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.

42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.

43. What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.

44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.

45. A resident's satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.

© Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

• Passage one

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.

Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it's necessary to translate our morals into AI language.

For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn't want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. "You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values," said Russell.

Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn't think that's the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.

It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.

Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.

The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to so sufficient testing and they've produced a system that will break some kind of taboo(禁忌).

One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.

If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps(嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren't quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.

The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.

46. What does the author say about the threat of robots?

A) It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.

B) It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.

C) It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.

D) It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.

47. What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?

A) They are aggressive. B) They are outgoing.

C) They are ignorant. D) They are ill-bred.

48. How do robots learn human values?

A) By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.

B) By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.

C) By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.

D) By imitating the behavior of properly brought-up human beings.

49. What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?

A) Keep a distance from possible dangers.

B) Stop to seek advice from a human being.

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