作者：圣才电子书
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武汉科技大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解试读：
2015年武汉科技大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
Part One Phrase Translation (30 points)
Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate 30 technical terms, abbreviations or proper names, either from English to Chinese or from Chinese to English, within 60 minutes.
Section A English to Chinese (15 points)
1) FTA【答案】自贸协定
2) Richard Nixon【答案】理查德·尼克松
3) FIFA【答案】国际足球联合会
4) The Inquisition in Spain【答案】西班牙宗教法庭
5) ISO【答案】国际标准化组织
6) Photo voltaic effect【答案】光伏效应
7) Matteo Ricci【答案】利玛窦
8) The Chinese Academy of Science【答案】中国科学院
9) remote access【答案】远程访问
10) machine tools【答案】机床
11) comforts and conveniences of home【答案】家一样的舒适条件和便利设施
12) low temperature superconducting magnet【答案】低温超导磁铁
13) mentally deficient people【答案】智障人士
14) prefabricated units【答案】预制构件
15) Hyper text transport protocol【答案】超文本传输协议
Section B Chinese to English (15 points)
16) 澳门特别行政区【答案】the Macao Special Administrative Region
17) 治理水土流失【答案】bring soil erosion under control
18) 工商行政管理总局【答案】General Bureau of Industrial and Commercial Administration
19) 空中交通管制【答案】air traffic control
20) 中华全国总工会【答案】All-China Federation of Trade Unions
21) 农村义务教育【答案】rural compulsory education
22) 银行转账【答案】bank transfer
23) 省会城市【答案】provincial capital
24) 安理会【答案】Security Council
25) 中国建设银行【答案】China Construction Bank
26) 改善民生【答案】improve people’s well-being
27) 商务印书馆【答案】Commercial Press
28) 城际列车【答案】inter-city trains
29) 公交卡【答案】public transport card
30) 节能减排【答案】energy conservation and emissions reductions
Part Two Passage Translation(120 points)
Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate one English passage into Chinese and one Chinese passage into English within 120 minutes.
Section A English to Chinese (60 points)China to launch 3-D bus that can seat over 1,000 passengers
British media have recently reported on China’s newly proposed “3-D bus”, believing that its launching will help alleviate traffic jams facing many a Chinese city. The vehicle is expected to seat about 1400 passengers and is only 1/10 the cost of underground railway.
Its designer, a Shenzhen-based company, is reportedly being negotiating with the district government of Mentougou, a satellite town of Beijing, on making the area a national demonstration base.
The new vehicle will roll at 60-80km/h, almost three times faster than ordinary buses.
Its most eye-catching feature, however, is that it allows cars to run beneath it, provided that their height does not exceed the 2-meter limit. According to Song Youzhou, general manager of the company, the daily passenger capacity of the transporter may well match that of the underground railway at a dramatically reduced cost. Moreover, the new concept transporter is solar-powered and capable of emergency braking. When cars beneath it get too close to the rails on which the transport runs, a warning will be triggered off for other vehicles to respond in time.
Although use of the transporter might reduce traffic jams by 20-30%, its 4.5 meter height makes its safe passage through bridges and tunnels a real problem. This, according to Mr. Song, can be solved by lowering the level of the road surface.（236 words）【参考译文】中国设计的立体巴士投入使用可坐千人
英国媒体尽日对中国新型立体巴士进行了报道，认为新型巴士的投产将有利于改善中国很多大城市拥堵的交通情况，同时它承载的人数大约在1400人左右，而成本只有地铁的十分之一。
据悉，设计这款新型巴士的是深圳一家公司，这家公司目前在和门头沟政府协商相关事宜，这意味着门头沟将成为全国的示范基地。
这种新型巴士行驶的速度在60-80公立，这比普通公交巴士的时速要快了近三倍。
它最大的特点是其他的小型车辆可以在它的下方行驶，只要高度不超过2米就可以。来自这家公司的老总宋有洲说。而一旦投入运营，它的日载客规模并不亚于地铁，但成本要比地铁节省很多。另外，这款巴士是以太阳能为运行动力，同时具有紧急刹车的功能，如果下面的小轿车靠近了巴士行驶的轨道会自动发出报警，使得前方的车辆能够及时做出反应。
虽然这款新型巴士可以减少20%-30%的路面拥堵情况，但是这种巴士的高度在4.5米左右，它如何通过一些桥梁建筑或者地下通道将成为疑问。对此宋有洲表示道，这需要具体情况具体分析，只要将路面下陷就可以解决这一难题。
Section B Chinese to English (60 points)念书与读书
到学校生活，像打一场仗，参与者身上装的，是各种掠夺分数的锦囊。考关一过，不管分数到手与否，一律把生吞活剥的知识忘掉。这种心态，书，真是用来念的，念过便算数，不必消化，更不必用心。会考结束那天，小女孩那帮人欢呼：可以把书丢掉啦！是典型的念书力证。把这种现象归于念书旗下，可捡来“小和尚念经，有口没心”一句撑腰，解释比较圆满。
投入心思，广为涉猎，类比归纳、消化分析书中材料，不以分数为终极，才具备“读书”的起码要求。读书以兴趣出发，以诚意相许，读书只有歇脚小站，没有终点。
读书是长途旅行，是开拓心灵的漫长陶冶过程；念书是短程旅游，是满足文凭欲望的虚幻纸笔战争。读书是春风化雨，修得一身气质，终身受用；念书是糊涂度日，走一段世俗小路，荒凉而乏善可陈。
天底下念书的人多，读书者少。因为读书需要跋涉，讲究兴趣与耐力，缺一不可。【参考译文】Two Ways of Reading
School life can be likened to a battle in which all the participants are equipped with bags of schemes to achieve good results in examinations. As soon as the session is over, they throw into oblivion all that they have mechanically memorized before they know what grades they are given. This mental state shows clearly that books are meant to be recited, no more no less. The moment their purpose is served they are done away with. Nobody bothers to pay any attention to their contents, let alone digest them. Don’t you see how joyful those girls are when they celebrate the end of examinations by throwing away their books? It is the strongest proof that reading is done merely by rote. Also the popular saying: “A novice chants scriptures—he moves his mouth without troubling his mind.” Nothing else illustrates the point more satisfactorily.
On the other hand, intelligent reading never aims at examination results. It requires devotion—one has to devote time and energies to extensive reading from which to draw useful materials. Then proceed from comparison and analysis to assimilation. Reading this way is prompted by interest and done in earnestness. There may be stopovers on the way, but certainly no end.
It is a long-distance travel, an endless process of opening up vistas for the mind; while mechanical reading is but a short tour along the narrow path of worldliness with one’s view never beyond one’s nose. The former enlivens one like life-giving spring rain and breeze, resulting in a well-cultivated mind to last as long as he lives; the latter makes one muddle along, engages him in a battle of examinations to fight for diplomas and end up in fruitlessness.
There are too many people in the world engaged in mechanical reading, only a few read intelligently. That’s because the latter demands two requisites—interest and stamina—for it to travel far and wide.
2016年武汉科技大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
Part One Phrase Translation(30 points)
Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate 30 technical terms, abbreviations or proper names, either from English to Chinese or from Chinese to English, within 60 minutes.
Section A English to Chinese (15 points)
1) disposable income【答案】可支配收入
2) malicious software【答案】恶意软件
3) asylum application【答案】庇护申请
4) air filtration face masks【答案】空气过滤口罩
5) community nursing service【答案】社区养老服务
6) fabricate academic credentials【答案】学历造假
7) eco-friendly toilet【答案】环保厕所
8) sperm banks【答案】精子库
9) solicit public opinion【答案】公开征求意见
10) to buy for the thrill of the bargain【答案】只为享受买打折的快感
11) The Lord of the Flies【答案】《蝇王》
12) Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP)【答案】跨太平洋战略经济伙伴关系协定
13) pragmatic anti-corruption cooperation【答案】务实反腐合作
14) post-disaster recovery【答案】灾后重建
15) removal of papers【答案】论文撤稿
Section B Chinese to English (15 points)
16) 《水浒传》【答案】Heroes of the Marshes or Water Margins or All Men Are Brothers
17) 中国“十三五”规划【答案】China’s 13th Five-Year Plan
18) 亚洲基础设施投资银行【答案】the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)
19) 生态文明【答案】ecological progress or ecological conservation or eco-civilization
20) 秦腔【答案】the local Qinqiang Opera
21) 颜控【答案】face obsessed
22) 秀恩爱【答案】public displays of affection
23) 抗日民族统一战线【答案】Chinese united front against Japanese aggression
24) 依法治国【答案】law-based governance of the country
25) 政府权力清单【答案】list of government powers
26) 入乡随俗【答案】Do in Rome as the Romans do
27) “三步走”战略【答案】Three-Step Development Strategy
28) 新常态【答案】new normal
29) 健康稳定的大国关系框架【答案】a sound and stable framework for major-country relations
30) 全国人口普查【答案】national census
Part Two Passage Translation(120 points)
Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate one English passage into Chinese and one Chinese passage into English within 120 minutes.
Section A English to Chinese (60 points)
Often the technologies that reshape daily life sneak up on us, until suddenly one day it’s hard to imagine a world without them—instant messaging, for example, or microwave ovens. Other watershed technologies are visible a mile away, and when you contemplate their applications, the ultimate social impact looks enormous. A good example of the latter is radio frequency identification chips—RFID, for short.
An RFID chip is a tiny bit of silicon, smaller than a grain of rice, that carries information—anything from a retail price, to cooking instructions, to your complete medical records. A larger piece of equipment called an RFID “reader” can, without direct contact, pull that information off the chip and in turn deliver it to any electronic device—a cash register, a video screen, a home appliance, even directly onto the Internet. RFID is the technology used now to automate toll taking at bridges and tunnels; drivers are given a small plastic box with an RFID chip inside, allowing them to drive through the tollgates without stopping. An RFID reader in the tollbooth senses the information on the chip and the toll is automatically deducted from the driver’s account.
The first wide-scale applications of RFID will be in retail. At a major industry conference next week, Wal-Mart is expected to urge its suppliers to adopt RFID—the same way that, twenty years ago, the giant retailer jump-started the use of bar codes. And some manufacturers are already on board. Gillette, for example, recently placed an order for half a billion RFID chips that they will begin to use to track individual packages of razors.（264 words）【参考译文】
那些彻底改变我们日常生活的技术往往不知不觉进入我们的生活，指导突然有议题我们很难想象如果没有它们（例如即使信息和微波炉）世界将会是什么样子。不久我们还将看到其他重要技术的出现，我们可以预见，这些技术的应用将引起巨大的社会效应。未来技术的一个突出例子就是无线射频识别芯片（简称RFID)。
RFID芯片是比米粒还小的硅片，存有各种信息——从零售价格、烹饪指南到你的全部病例，一应俱全。还有一种较大的设备，称作RFID“阅读器”，它不必与RFID芯片直接连接就可以从芯片中下载信息，并将其输入任何电子设备（如现金收款机、视频屏幕、家用电器，甚至直接进入互联网）。目前RFID技术已经用于桥梁与隧道的自动收款业务，方法是发给司机一个装有RFID芯片的小塑料盒子，这样他就可以通过收费关卡而无需停车。收款亭中的RFID阅读器会感知芯片上的信息，预示路费就会自动由司机的帐户中扣除。
RFID技术将首先大规模应用于零售业。在下周举行的一个重要的工业会议上，预计沃尔玛将敦促它的供应商采用RFID技术，20年前，这个零售业巨头就是这样抢先使用条形码的。实际上，有些生产商已经开始应用这一技术，例如吉列公司最近订购了5亿个RFID芯片，准备用来对付每一套剃须刀进行跟踪。
Section B Chinese to English (60 points)
第二种虚假的旅行，取为了谈话资料而旅行，以便事后可以夸说。我曾在杭州名泉和名茶的产地虎跑，看见过旅者将自己持杯饮茶时的姿势摄入照片。拿一张在虎跑品茶的照片给朋友看，当然是一件很风雅的事情，所怕的就是他将重视照片，而忘却了菜味。这种事情很容
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