卡拉玛佐夫兄弟(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)


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作者:(俄)陀思妥耶夫斯基

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卡拉玛佐夫兄弟

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版权信息书名:卡拉玛佐夫兄弟作者:"(俄)陀思妥耶夫斯基"排版:Lucky Read出版社:辽宁人民出版社出版时间:2016-06-01ISBN:9787205086091本书由辽宁无限穿越新媒体有限公司授权北京当当科文电子商务有限公司制作与发行。— · 版权所有 侵权必究 · —More classics to be soon published are:

Essays of Michel de Montaigne Volume 2

The Complete Works of William Shakespeare by William Shakespeare

Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes Volume 2

The History Of The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire Volume 2 by Edward Gibbon

The History of Herodotus — Volume 2 by Herodotus

On War — Volume 2 by Carl von Clausewitz

The World as Will and Idea (Vol. 3 of 3) by Arthur Schopenhauer

Memoirs of Napoleon Bonaparte Volume 2 — Complete by Louis de Bourrienne

Jesus the Christ by James E. Talmage

And many more…The Bedside Classics of World Literature, Philosophy and Psychology

Designed to make all English classic works available to all readers, The Bedside Classics bring you the world’s greatest literature, philosophy, psychology books that have stood the test of time – at specially low prices. These beautifully designed books will be proud addictions to your bookshelf. You’ll want all these time-tested classics for your own reading pleasure. The titles of the sixth set of The Bedside Classics are:

The Works of Edgar Allan Poe Vol. I by Edgar Allan Poe 30.00

Common Sense by Thomas Paine 20.00

The Brothers Karamazov by Fyodor Dostoyevsky 58.00

Confucian Analects translated by James Legge 38.00

The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire

Vol. I by Edward Gibbon 28.00

Essays of Mongtaine Complete Vol. I

by Michel de Montaigne 45.00

Memoirs of Napoleon Bonaparte — Complete Vol. I

by Louis de Bourrienne 46.00

Paradise Lost by John Milton 16.00

Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes 35.00

The History of Herodotus – Vol. I by Herodotus 26.00

Jean-Christophe by Romain Rolland (Volume III) 30.00

The Moon and the Sixpence by W. Somerset Maugham 16.00

On War by Carl von Clausewitz 20.00

All's Well That Ends Well by William Shakespeare 30.00

The World as Will and Idea by Arthur Schopenhauer

(Volume II) 28.00

For the online order, please use the 2-dimentional bar code on the back cover. If you have any suggestions, please go to the publisher’s weibo: http:// weibo.com/lrs 2009. Or visit the publisher’s web-side. Or call 024-23284321.Is This Book for You? 人生本无解,何事空嗟叹——“最经典英语文库”第六辑之《卡拉玛佐夫兄弟》导读刘秀玉

费奥多尔·米哈伊洛维奇·陀思妥耶夫斯基(1821—1881)是19世纪俄国文坛上一颗璀璨的明星,也是俄罗斯文学史上最复杂、最矛盾的作家之一,与列夫·托尔斯泰、屠格涅夫并称为俄罗斯文学“三巨头”。他是人类灵魂的伟大审问者,拥有无比宽广的精神世界,擅长刻画和揭示人的病态心理。他深切体验过苦难,最终又顽强地超越了苦难。如果说俄罗斯文学的广度体现在托尔斯泰的作品中,陀思妥耶夫斯基则当之无愧地代表了俄罗斯文学的深度。

陀思妥耶夫斯基1821年出生于俄罗斯一个并不富裕的医生家庭,父亲工作的医院在圣彼得堡郊外,那里有犯人公墓、精神病院和孤儿院,使陀思妥耶夫斯基很早就对贫困有了深刻认识。9岁时,他癫痫病首次发作,此后这种病痛间或发作,伴随他一生。1837年母亲去世后,他进入彼得堡军事工程学校,其间广泛涉猎莎士比亚、雨果等人的作品。1842年,陀思妥耶夫斯基成为中尉,1844年退伍,专事写作。1845年,年方24岁的陀思妥耶夫斯基发表了书信体短篇小说处女作《穷人》,在俄罗斯文坛崭露头角。

1849年,陀思妥耶夫斯基涉嫌参加反对沙皇的革命活动被捕,并被判处死刑。戏剧性的是,在行刑前最后一刻,他被改判流放西伯利亚。虽然1854年获释,但陀思妥耶夫斯基继续留在西伯利亚服役。流放期间,他的癫痫病频繁发作,思想也发生了深刻改变。也是在这里,他遇到了后来的妻子。这段经历成为陀思妥耶夫斯基人生的重要转折点,他开始反省,还皈依了宗教。1860年,他回到圣彼得堡继续写作。1864年,妻子和兄长先后离世,加上沉重的经济压力,陀思妥耶夫斯基生活窘迫,甚至一度远到欧洲躲债。1866年,《罪与罚》的出版使他蜚声世界,他结识了第二任妻子安娜,生活逐渐安定下来。

1880年,陀思妥耶夫斯基发表了被称为人类有文明历史以来最为伟大的小说《卡拉玛佐夫兄弟》,在人类精神领域树起又一座丰碑。1881年2月9日,这位伟大的人类灵魂审问者意外去世,酝酿中的《卡拉玛佐夫兄弟》续篇就此成为绝唱。《卡拉玛佐夫兄弟》堪称陀思妥耶夫斯基的代表作。故事来源于一桩真实的弑父案,描写了两代人之间的矛盾与冲突。主人公老卡拉玛佐夫有四个儿子:德米特里、伊凡、阿廖沙及私生子斯麦尔加科夫。已至暮年的老卡拉玛佐夫不改贪婪好色的本性,不仅霸占妻子留给孩子们的遗产,还与长子德米特里为一个风流女子争风吃醋,致使父子不睦。德米特里痛恨父亲,扬言要杀死他。一天晚上,他怀疑父亲与自己的情人幽会,一怒之下将父亲打成重伤,仓皇而逃。是夜,老卡拉玛佐夫死了,德米特里被捕。可是,真正的凶手却是私生子斯麦尔加科夫,为了发泄长期积怨,他在暗中残忍杀死受重伤的父亲。这起扑朔迷离的血案引发一系列惊心动魄的故事。小说的结局很悲惨:德米特里无辜入狱,斯麦尔加科夫畏罪自杀,伊凡精神错乱,阿廖沙远走他乡。

小说是社会时代的忠实记录。表面上看,《卡拉玛佐夫兄弟》讲述的是一则弑父案,关于父亲与几个儿子之间纠缠不清的恩怨。实际上,这个家庭悲剧也是沙皇专制社会分崩离析的暗喻。小说探讨的主题是人的精神,是信仰、猜忌、理智与自由意志在道德层面的较量。公元10世纪起,基督教就成为俄罗斯人的精神支柱,承载了社会、道德、人性等诸多内涵。但是,19世纪农奴制改革后,资本主义发展带来的物欲横流和道德沦丧使俄罗斯社会日益四分五裂,反对沙皇专制统治的民主革命运动如火如荼,各种社会思潮冲击着俄罗斯传统价值体系,无神论者开始质疑上帝是否存在。这些社会政治、经济、宗教与哲学思潮深刻影响了陀思妥耶夫斯基的思想及创作。

同样,作家本人的生活经历也对小说创作产生了重要影响。流放西伯利亚期间,陀思妥耶夫斯基接触到了弑父案的原型——一个被误判谋财弑父的年轻人。大约10年后,真正的凶手伏法,年轻人才被无罪释放。1878年,陀思妥耶夫斯基开始创作《卡拉玛佐夫兄弟》,这个故事成为小说情节的主线。同年5月,陀思妥耶夫斯基年仅三岁的儿子阿廖沙因为家族遗传的癫痫病不幸夭折,他精神遭受沉重打击,创作一度中断。重新拾笔,作家将丧子之痛糅进小说,创作出跟儿子同名的阿廖沙,使他成为信仰和美德的化身。在小说结尾,阿廖沙鼓励孩子们要友爱、善良、诚实,“我们一定会复活的”,我们的精神将不朽。显然,阿廖沙寄予了作家的思子之情,以及更深沉的普世情怀。

诞生于19世纪的《卡拉玛佐夫兄弟》具有浓重的批判现实主义色彩,同时又包含诸多现代元素。鸿篇巨制中蕴含深刻的哲理,各种写作技巧,融于一体,全知的讲述者与小说人物严丝合缝,语言风格特色鲜明,心理刻画细致入微——凡此种种,构成一个光怪陆离、精深博大的世界,影响了无数读者及后世很多文学流派和作家。弗洛伊德盛赞该书是“史上最伟大的小说”;卡夫卡自认为与陀思妥耶夫斯基有“血缘关系”;乔伊斯则毫不隐晦地说,陀思妥耶夫斯基对他“产生了深刻的影响”。《卡拉玛佐夫兄弟》犹如一个精确的人性缩微图。此言不虚。虽然他不是心理叙事的开创者,却是将心理意识描写发扬光大的一代宗师。关于人性之深奥难解,陀思妥耶夫斯基没有给出一个标准答案,这需要每一位读者的洞察和领悟。用作家的话说,人生总会有雨天和晴天,但总会雨过天晴的。

总之,《卡拉玛佐夫兄弟》不是为少数人,而是为所有人创作的一本书;我们读的也不是深刻玄妙的哲学道理,而是赤裸裸的人生和人性。Fyodor Dostoyevsky

Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1821-1881) was a Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist, journalist and philosopher. Dostoyevsky’s literary works explore human psychology in the troubled political, social, and spiritual atmosphere of 19th-century Russia, and engage with a variety of philosophical and religious themes.

His output consists of 11 novels, three novellas, 17 short novels and numerous other works including The Brothers Karamazov (1880). Many literary critics rate him as one of the greatest psychologists in world literature. His books have been translated into more than 170 languages. Dostoyevsky influenced a multitude of writers and philosophers, from Anton Chekhov and Ernest Hemingway to Friedrich Nietzsche and Jean-Paul Sartre.General Preface

Millions of Chinese are learning English to acquire knowledge and skills for communication in a world where English has become the primary language for international discourse. Yet not many learners have come to realize that the command of the English language also enables them to have an easy access to the world literary classics such as Shakespeare's plays, Shelley's poems, mark Twain's novels and Nietzsche's works which are an important part of liberal-arts education. The most important goals of universities are not vocational, that is, not merely the giving of knowledge and the training of skills.

In a broad sense, education aims at broadening young people's mental horizon, cultivating virtues and shaping their character. Lincoln, Mao Zedong and many other great leaders and personages of distinction declared how they drew immense inspiration and strength from literary works. As a matter of fact, many of them had aspired to become writers in their young age. Alexander the Great (356-323 B.C.) is said to take along with him two things, waking or sleeping: a book and a dagger, and the book is Iliad, a literary classic, by Homer. He would put these two much treasured things under his pillow when he went to bed.

Today, we face an unprecedented complex and changing world. To cope with this rapid changing world requires not only communication skills, but also adequate knowledge of cultures other than our own home culture. Among the most important developments in present-day global culture is the ever increasing cultural exchanges and understanding between different nations and peoples. And one of the best ways to know foreign cultures is to read their literary works, particularly their literary classics, the soul of a country's culture. They also give you the best language and the feeling of sublimity.

Liaoning People's Publishing House is to be congratulated for its foresight and courage in making a new series of world literary classics available to the reading public. It is hoped that people with an adequate command of the English language will read them, like them and keep them as their lifetime companions.

I am convinced that the series will make an important contribution to the literary education of the young people in China. At a time when the whole country is emphasizing "spiritual civilization", it is certainly a very timely venture to put out the series of literary classics for literary and cultural education.Zhang ZhongzaiProfessorBeijing Foreign Studies UniversityJuly, 2013 Beijing总序

经典名著的语言无疑是最凝练、最优美、最有审美价值的。雪莱的那句“如冬已来临,春天还会远吗?”让多少陷于绝望的人重新燃起希望之火,鼓起勇气,迎接严冬过后的春天。徐志摩一句“悄悄的我走了,正如我悄悄的来;我挥一挥衣袖,不带走一片云彩”又让多少人陶醉。尼采的那句“上帝死了”,又给多少人以振聋发聩的启迪作用。

读经典名著,尤其阅读原汁原味作品,可以怡情养性,增长知识,加添才干,丰富情感,开阔视野。所谓“经典”,其实就是作者所属的那个民族的文化积淀,是那个民族的灵魂缩影。英国戏剧泰斗莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》和《麦克白》等、“意大利语言之父”的但丁的《神曲》之《地狱篇》《炼狱篇》及《天堂篇》、爱尔兰世界一流作家詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》及《一个艺术家的肖像》等、美国风趣而笔法超一流的著名小说家马克·吐温的《哈克历险记》以及《汤姆索亚历险记》等,德国著名哲学家尼采的《查拉图斯特拉如是说》及《快乐的科学》等等,都为塑造自己民族的文化积淀,做出了永恒的贡献,也同时向世界展示了他们所属的民族的优美剪影。

很多著名领袖如林肯、毛泽东等伟大人物,也都曾从经典名著中汲取力量,甚至获得治国理念。耶鲁大学教授查尔斯·希尔曾在题为《经典与治国理念》的文章,阐述了读书与治国之间的绝妙关系。他这样写道:“在几乎所有经典名著中,都可以找到让人叹为观止、深藏其中的治国艺术原则。”

经典名著,不仅仅有治国理念,更具提升读者审美情趣的功能。世界上不同时代、不同地域的优秀经典作品,都存在一个共同属性:歌颂赞美人间的真善美,揭露抨击世间的假恶丑。

读欧美自但丁以来的经典名著,你会看到,西方无论是在漫长的黑暗时期,抑或进入现代进程时期,总有经典作品问世,对世间的负面,进行冷峻的批判。与此同时,也有更多的大家作品问世,热情讴歌人间的真诚与善良,使读者不由自主地沉浸于经典作品的审美情感之中。

英语经典名著,显然是除了汉语经典名著以外,人类整个进程中至关重要的文化遗产的一部分。从历史上看,英语是全世界经典阅读作品中,使用得最广泛的国际性语言。这一事实,没有产生根本性变化。本世纪相当长一段时间,这一事实也似乎不会发生任何变化。而要更深入地了解并切身感受英语经典名著的风采,阅读原汁原味的英语经典作品的过程,显然是必不可少的。

辽宁人民出版社及时并隆重推出“最经典英语文库”系列丛书,是具有远见与卓识的出版行为。我相信,这套既可供阅读,同时也具收藏价值的英语原版经典作品系列丛书,在帮助人们了解什么才是经典作品的同时,也一定会成为广大英语爱好者、大中学生以及学生家长们挚爱的“最经典英语文库”。北京外国语大学英语学院北外公共外交研究中心欧美文学研究中心主任全国英国文学学会名誉会长张中载 教授2013年7月于北京PART IBOOK ITHE HISTORY OF A FAMILYCHAPTER 1FYODOR PAVLOVITCH KARAMAZOV

Alexey Fyodorovitch Karamazov was the third son of Fyodor Pavlovitch Karamazov, a land owner well known in our district in his own day, and still remembered among us owing to his gloomy and tragic death, which happened thirteen years ago, and which I shall describe in its proper place. For the present I will only say that this "landowner"—for so we used to call him, although he hardly spent a day of his life on his own estate—was a strange type, yet one pretty frequently to be met with, a type abject and vicious and at the same time senseless. But he was one of those senseless persons who are very well capable of looking after their worldly affairs, and, apparently, after nothing else. Fyodor Pavlovitch, for instance, began with next to nothing; his estate was of the smallest; he ran to dine at other men's tables, and fastened on them as a toady, yet at his death it appeared that he had a hundred thousand roubles in hard cash. At the same time, he was all his life one of the most senseless, fantastical fellows in the whole district. I repeat, it was not stupidity—the majority of these fantastical fellows are shrewd and intelligent enough—but just senselessness, and a peculiar national form of it.

He was married twice, and had three sons, the eldest, Dmitri, by his first wife, and two, Ivan and Alexey, by his second. Fyodor Pavlovitch's first wife, Adelaïda Ivanovna, belonged to a fairly rich and distinguished noble family, also landowners in our district, the Miüsovs. How it came to pass that an heiress, who was also a beauty, and moreover one of those vigorous, intelligent girls, so common in this generation, but sometimes also to be found in the last, could have married such a worthless, puny weakling, as we all called him, I won't attempt to explain. I knew a young lady of the last "romantic" generation who after some years of an enigmatic passion for a gentleman, whom she might quite easily have married at any moment, invented insuperable obstacles to their union, and ended by throwing herself one stormy night into a rather deep and rapid river from a high bank, almost a precipice, and so perished, entirely to satisfy her own caprice, and to be like Shakespeare's Ophelia. Indeed, if this precipice, a chosen and favorite spot of hers, had been less picturesque, if there had been a prosaic flat bank in its place, most likely the suicide would never have taken place. This is a fact, and probably there have been not a few similar instances in the last two or three generations. Adelaïda Ivanovna Miüsov's action was similarly, no doubt, an echo of other people's ideas, and was due to the irritation caused by lack of mental freedom. She wanted, perhaps, to show her feminine independence, to override class distinctions and the despotism of her family. And a pliable imagination persuaded her, we must suppose, for a brief moment, that Fyodor Pavlovitch, in spite of his parasitic position, was one of the bold and ironical spirits of that progressive epoch, though he was, in fact, an ill-natured buffoon and nothing more. What gave the marriage piquancy was that it was preceded by an elopement, and this greatly captivated Adelaïda Ivanovna's fancy. Fyodor Pavlovitch's position at the time made him specially eager for any such enterprise, for he was passionately anxious to make a career in one way or another. To attach himself to a good family and obtain a dowry was an alluring prospect. As for mutual love it did not exist apparently, either in the bride or in him, in spite of Adelaïda Ivanovna's beauty. This was, perhaps, a unique case of the kind in the life of Fyodor Pavlovitch, who was always of a voluptuous temper, and ready to run after any petticoat on the slightest encouragement. She seems to have been the only woman who made no particular appeal to his senses.

Immediately after the elopement Adelaïda Ivanovna discerned in a flash that she had no feeling for her husband but contempt. The marriage accordingly showed itself in its true colors with extraordinary rapidity. Although the family accepted the event pretty quickly and apportioned the runaway bride her dowry, the husband and wife began to lead a most disorderly life, and there were everlasting scenes between them. It was said that the young wife showed incomparably more generosity and dignity than Fyodor Pavlovitch, who, as is now known, got hold of all her money up to twenty-five thousand roubles as soon as she received it, so that those thousands were lost to her for ever. The little village and the rather fine town house which formed part of her dowry he did his utmost for a long time to transfer to his name, by means of some deed of conveyance. He would probably have succeeded, merely from her moral fatigue and desire to get rid of him, and from the contempt and loathing he aroused by his persistent and shameless importunity. But, fortunately, Adelaïda Ivanovna's family intervened and circumvented his greediness. It is known for a fact that frequent fights took place between the husband and wife, but rumor had it that Fyodor Pavlovitch did not beat his wife but was beaten by her, for she was a hot-tempered, bold, dark-browed, impatient woman, possessed of remarkable physical strength. Finally, she left the house and ran away from Fyodor Pavlovitch with a destitute divinity student, leaving Mitya, a child of three years old, in her husband's hands. Immediately Fyodor Pavlovitch introduced a regular harem into the house, and abandoned himself to orgies of drunkenness. In the intervals he used to drive all over the province, complaining tearfully to each and all of Adelaïda Ivanovna's having left him, going into details too disgraceful for a husband to mention in regard to his own married life. What seemed to gratify him and flatter his self-love most was to play the ridiculous part of the injured husband, and to parade his woes with embellishments.

"One would think that you'd got a promotion, Fyodor Pavlovitch, you seem so pleased in spite of your sorrow," scoffers said to him. Many even added that he was glad of a new comic part in which to play the buffoon, and that it was simply to make it funnier that he pretended to be unaware of his ludicrous position. But, who knows, it may have been simplicity. At last he succeeded in getting on the track of his runaway wife. The poor woman turned out to be in Petersburg, where she had gone with her divinity student, and where she had thrown herself into a life of complete emancipation. Fyodor Pavlovitch at once began bustling about, making preparations to go to Petersburg, with what object he could not himself have said. He would perhaps have really gone; but having determined to do so he felt at once entitled to fortify himself for the journey by another bout of reckless drinking. And just at that time his wife's family received the news of her death in Petersburg. She had died quite suddenly in a garret, according to one story, of typhus, or as another version had it, of starvation. Fyodor Pavlovitch was drunk when he heard of his wife's death, and the story is that he ran out into the street and began shouting with joy, raising his hands to Heaven: "Lord, now lettest Thou Thy servant depart in peace," but others say he wept without restraint like a little child, so much so that people were sorry for him, in spite of the repulsion he inspired. It is quite possible that both versions were true, that he rejoiced at his release, and at the same time wept for her who released him. As a general rule, people, even the wicked, are much more naïve and simple-hearted than we suppose. And we ourselves are, too.CHAPTER 2HE GETS RID OF HIS ELDEST SON

You can easily imagine what a father such a man could be and how he would bring up his children. His behavior as a father was exactly what might be expected. He completely abandoned the child of his marriage with Adelaïda Ivanovna, not from malice, nor because of his matrimonial grievances, but simply because he forgot him. While he was wearying every one with his tears and complaints, and turning his house into a sink of debauchery, a faithful servant of the family, Grigory, took the three-year-old Mitya into his care. If he hadn't looked after him there would have been no one even to change the baby's little shirt.

It happened moreover that the child's relations on his mother's side forgot him too at first. His grandfather was no longer living, his widow, Mitya's grandmother, had moved to Moscow, and was seriously ill, while his daughters were married, so that Mitya remained for almost a whole year in old Grigory's charge and lived with him in the servant's cottage. But if his father had remembered him (he could not, indeed, have been altogether unaware of his existence) he would have sent him back to the cottage, as the child would only have been in the way of his debaucheries. But a cousin of Mitya's mother, Pyotr Alexandrovitch Miüsov, happened to return from Paris. He lived for many years afterwards abroad, but was at that time quite a young man, and distinguished among the Miüsovs as a man of enlightened ideas and of European culture, who had been in the capitals and abroad. Towards the end of his life he became a Liberal of the type common in the forties and fifties. In the course of his career he had come into contact with many of the most Liberal men of his epoch, both in Russia and abroad. He had known Proudhon and Bakunin personally, and in his declining years was very fond of describing the three days of the Paris Revolution of February 1848, hinting that he himself had almost taken part in the fighting on the barricades. This was one of the most grateful recollections of his youth. He had an independent property of about a thousand souls, to reckon in the old style. His splendid estate lay on the outskirts of our little town and bordered on the lands of our famous monastery, with which Pyotr Alexandrovitch began an endless lawsuit, almost as soon as he came into the estate, concerning the rights of fishing in the river or wood-cutting in the forest, I don't know exactly which. He regarded it as his duty as a citizen and a man of culture to open an attack upon the "clericals." Hearing all about Adelaïda Ivanovna, whom he, of course, remembered, and in whom he had at one time been interested, and learning of the existence of Mitya, he intervened, in spite of all his youthful indignation and contempt for Fyodor Pavlovitch. He made the latter's acquaintance for the first time, and told him directly that he wished to undertake the child's education. He used long afterwards to tell as a characteristic touch, that when he began to speak of Mitya, Fyodor Pavlovitch looked for some time as though he did not understand what child he was talking about, and even as though he was surprised to hear that he had a little son in the house. The story may have been exaggerated, yet it must have been something like the truth.

Fyodor Pavlovitch was all his life fond of acting, of suddenly playing an unexpected part, sometimes without any motive for doing so, and even to his own direct disadvantage, as, for instance, in the present case. This habit, however, is characteristic of a very great number of people, some of them very clever ones, not like Fyodor Pavlovitch. Pyotr Alexandrovitch carried the business through vigorously, and was appointed, with Fyodor Pavlovitch, joint guardian of the child, who had a small property, a house and land, left him by his mother. Mitya did, in fact, pass into this cousin's keeping, but as the latter had no family of his own, and after securing the revenues of his estates was in haste to return at once to Paris, he left the boy in charge of one of his cousins, a lady living in Moscow. It came to pass that, settling permanently in Paris he, too, forgot the child, especially when the Revolution of February broke out, making an impression on his mind that he remembered all the rest of his life. The Moscow lady died, and Mitya passed into the care of one of her married daughters. I believe he changed his home a fourth time later on. I won't enlarge upon that now, as I shall have much to tell later of Fyodor Pavlovitch's firstborn, and must confine myself now to the most essential facts about him, without which I could not begin my story.

In the first place, this Mitya, or rather Dmitri Fyodorovitch, was the only one of Fyodor Pavlovitch's three sons who grew up in the belief that he had property, and that he would be independent on coming of age. He spent an irregular boyhood and youth. He did not finish his studies at the gymnasium, he got into a military school, then went to the Caucasus, was promoted, fought a duel, and was degraded to the ranks, earned promotion again, led a wild life, and spent a good deal of money. He did not begin to receive any income from Fyodor Pavlovitch until he came of age, and until then got into debt. He saw and knew his father, Fyodor Pavlovitch, for the first time on coming of age, when he visited our neighborhood on purpose to settle with him about his property. He seems not to have liked his father. He did not stay long with him, and made haste to get away, having only succeeded in obtaining a sum of money, and entering into an agreement for future payments from the estate, of the revenues and value of which he was unable (a fact worthy of note), upon this occasion, to get a statement from his father. Fyodor Pavlovitch remarked for the first time then (this,

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