作者：(波兰)亨利克·显克威支
出版社：辽宁人民出版社
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
你往何处去试读：
More classics to be soon published are
ESSAYS BY RALPH WALDO EMERSON by Ralph Waldo Emerson
AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN by Benjamin Franklin
A DISCOURSE ON METHOD by Rene Descartes
PHAEDO by Plato
THE SCARLET LETTER by Nathaniel Hawthorne
KIM by Rudyard Kipling
THE STORY OF MANKIND by Hendrik van Loon
THE TIME MACHINE by H.G.Wells
THE ESSAYS OF ARTHUR SCHOPENHAUER by Arthur Schopenhauer
PASCAL'S PENSEES by Blaise Pascal
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS by John Bunyan
TOTEM AND TABOO by Sigmund Freud
STORY OF MY LIFE by Helen Keller
JEAN-CHRISTOPHE Vol.I by Romain Rolland
WAR AND PEACE by Leo Tolstoy
The Bedside Classics of World Literature, Philosophy and Psychology
Designed to make all English classic works available to all readers, The Bedside Classics bring you the world’s greatest literature, philosophy, psychology books that have stood the test of time–at specially low prices.These beautifully designed books will be proud addictions to your bookshelf.You’ll want all these time-tested classics for your own reading pleasure.The titles of the third set of The Bedside Classics are:
H.C.Andersen’ Fairy Tales by H.C.Andersen ￥40.00
Hamlet by William Shakespeare ￥11.00
Madame Bovary by Gustave Flaubert ￥19.00
Meditations by Marcus Aurelius ￥20.00
Purgatorio by Dante Alighieri ￥12.00
Quo Vadis by Henryk Sienkiewicz ￥33.00
Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare ￥11.00
Tales of A Thousand and One Nights (Volume I) ￥34.00
The Art of Public Speaking by Dale Carnegie ￥28.00
The Best Plays of Bernard Shaw by Bernard Shaw ￥29.00
The Federalist Papers by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison ￥33.00
The Prince by Niccolò Machiavelli ￥10.00
The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith (Totally two volumes) ￥48.00
The Works of Guy de Maupassant by Guy de Maupassant ￥18.00
Utopia by Thomas More ￥22.00
For the online order, please use the 2-dimentional bar code on the back cover.If you have any suggestions, please go to the publisher’s weibo: http:// weibo.com/lrs 2009.Or visit the publisher’s web-side.Or call 024-23284321.
Is this book for you?不断升华的爱情、人性和宗教信仰
长篇历史小说《你往何处去》是波兰作家亨利克·显克威支（1846—1916）的代表作，出版发行于1896年，写的是公元1世纪中叶古罗马在尼禄皇帝的统治之下走向衰落和早期基督教徒罹难的故事。作者因这部作品获得1905年诺贝尔文学奖。
作品名字来源于1893年显克威支第二次重游罗马时，看到古卡丕城门附近一座小教堂门楣上用拉丁文写的“你往何处去”的题词。这句题词是早期基督教徒遭受迫害的史迹。传说被追捕的基督使徒彼得匆匆逃离罗马城，在路上问耶稣：“主啊，你往何处去?”耶稣回答说：“你既然遗弃了我的人民，我便要回罗马去，让他们再次把我钉在十字架上。”彼得于是返回罗马城，不久便真的被钉上了十字架。早期基督教徒为信仰献身的精神，深深触动了作者的灵感，震撼了作者的心灵。他决定用这句题词作为书名，再现尼禄统治下那个充满血和泪的时代。
作品以维尼兹尤斯和莉吉亚波折的爱情故事为主线贯穿全书，尤其以维尼兹尤斯对莉吉亚爱情的不断升华吸引我们的视线，触动我们的心灵。最初是门第差异和宗教信仰隔阂对他们爱情的阻断：一个是被享乐主义浸润已久的朝廷显贵，一个是“野蛮民族”酋长的女儿；一个信仰多神教，一个笃信基督教。维尼兹尤斯最初以贵族的身份，妄图霸占莉吉亚作为“侍妾”。他对莉吉亚最初只是在自私情欲的驱使下简单狂暴地占有，而并非爱她的心灵。于是自尊自爱、洁身自好的莉吉亚，在被迎娶时选择了反抗和逃走。维尼兹尤斯为了抢夺莉吉亚，身负重伤病倒在贫民窟，这得到了莉吉亚和基督徒们的悉心照顾。他的灵魂因此受到极大的触动：莉吉亚的宽恕，融化了他的霸道。在莉吉亚爱的巨大力量作用下，他的信仰发生了转变，他对人类生存的价值和意义的认识也完全转变了。这被视作作为新兴宗教的基督教对人的改造的胜利。
作品还通过教徒的罹难和基督教的不断发展壮大，表现了作者对祖国的深沉的爱。波兰人往往把祖国的浩劫同基督为拯救世人而殉难的教义相结合，认为波兰民族的光荣，在于为欧洲各民族争取自由和解放斗争所作出的表率和牺牲。这种“民族使命主义”在波兰文学中流传甚久。波兰自1772年被沙俄、普鲁士和奥国瓜分后，一个多世纪以来，一直遭受三国的殖民统治和压迫。波兰人民举行的历次民族起义斗争运动，都遭到残酷镇压。亡国的痛苦，折磨着每个波兰爱国者的心。作者通过揭露尼禄对早期基督教徒的迫害，影射俄、普、奥三国对波兰民族的迫害；以基督教徒的从容就义，表现波兰人为拯救欧洲不惜作出最大牺牲的崇高思想和壮烈情怀。作品中被绑在日耳曼野牛角上的美丽少女莉吉亚，就是作者深爱的多难的波兰祖国的象征。
作品除了情节一波三折、引人入胜外，环境描写和人物性格塑造方面，也都取得了巨大成功。对古罗马尼禄时代的社会生活场景的描绘，精雕细刻，从对城市街巷、房屋花园、布局摆设，到各种宴会、皇帝出巡等的描写，都细致入微。对尼禄的凶暴、残忍、疯狂、怯懦、纵情、愚钝、昏庸，彼特罗纽斯足智多谋、才华过人、智慧幽默、机智善辩、勇气非凡，基朗的思维敏捷、能言善辩却卑鄙无耻、贪财丑陋，等等，都有入木三分的描写。
作品被两次改编成电影。1951年上映的《暴君屠城录》，在1952年第24届奥斯卡颁奖会中，获得包括最佳电影等7项提名。2001年《你往何处去》再次登上银幕。读者如果结合小说英译文看电影，相信会对《你往何处去》这一伟大作品的思想内涵和艺术特色，产生更深刻的理解。
如果您是英文爱好者中的一员，希望您通过阅读英语原文，来欣赏这部作品，这无疑是种无法替代的精神享受。
如果您是学生家长，建议您给上中学或大学的孩子准备一套“最经典英语文库”，放在书架上。它们是永远不会过时的精神食粮。
如果您是正在学习的大中学生，也建议您抽空读读这些经时间检验的人类精神食粮文库里最经典的精品。一时读不懂不要紧，先收藏起来，放进您的书架里，等您长大到某个时候，您会忽然发现，自己开始能读，而且读懂了作品字里行间的意义时，那种喜悦感，是无法言述的，也是无与伦比的。您可能也会因此对走过的人生，有更深刻的感悟与理解。
关于这套图书的装帧设计与性价比：完全按欧美出版规则操作，从图书开本，到封面设计，从体例版式，到字体选取，但价钱却比欧美原版图书便宜三分之二，甚至更多。因此，从性价比看，它们也是最值得收藏的。——王维强
Henryk Sienkiewicz
Henryk Sienkiewicz (5 May 1846-15 November 1916) was a Polish journalist, Nobel Prize-winning novelist, and philanthropist.He is best remembered for his historical novels.
In the 1880s he began serializing novels that further increased his popularity.He soon became one of the most popular Polish writers of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, and numerous translations gained him international renown, culminating in his receipt of the 1905 Nobel Prize in Literature for his “outstanding merits as an epic writer.”
Many of his novels remain in print.Internationally he is best known for Quo Vadis, set in Nero’s Rome.Quo Vadis has been filmed several times, with Hollywood’s 1951 version receiving the most international recognition.
INTRODUCTORY
IN the trilogy "With Fire and Sword," "The Deluge," and "Pan Michael," Sienkiewicz has given pictures of a great and decisive epoch in modern history.The results of the struggle begun under Bogdan Hmelnitski have been felt for more than two centuries, and they are growing daily in importance.The Russia which rose out of that struggle has become a power not only of European but of world-wide significance, and, to all human seeming, she is yet in an early stage of her career.
In "Quo Vadis" the author gives us pictures of opening scenes in the conflict of moral ideas with the Roman Empire,—a conflict from which Christianity issued as the leading force in history.
The Slays are not so well known to Western Europe or to us as they are sure to be in the near future; hence the trilogy, with all its popularity and merit, is not appreciated yet as it will be.
The conflict described in "Quo Vadis" is of supreme interest to a vast number of persons reading English; and this book will rouse, I think, more attention at first than anything written by Sienkiewicz hitherto.
JEREMIAH CURTIN
ILOM, NORTHERN GUATEMALA,
June, 1896
General Preface
Millions of Chinese are learning English to acquire knowledge and skills for communication in a world where English has become the primary language for international discourse.Yet not many learners have come to realize that the command of the English language also enables them to have an easy access to the world literary classics such as Shakespeare’s plays, Shelley’s poems, mark Twain’s novels and Nietzsche’s works which are an important part of liberal-arts education.The most important goals of universities are not vocational, that is, not merely the giving of knowledge and the training of skills.
In a broad sense, education aims at broadening young people’s mental horizon, cultivating virtues and shaping their character.Lincoln, Mao Zedong and many other great leaders and personages of distinction declared how they drew immense inspiration and strength from literary works.As a matter of fact, many of them had aspired to become writers in their young age.Alexander the Great (356-323 B.C.) is said to take along with him two things, waking or sleeping: a book and a dagger, and the book is Iliad, a literary classic, by Homer.He would put these two much treasured things under his pillow when he went to bed.
Today, we face an unprecedented complex and changing world.To cope with this rapid changing world requires not only communication skills, but also adequate knowledge of cultures other than our own home culture.Among the most important developments in present-day global culture is the ever increasing cultural exchanges and understanding between different nations and peoples.And one of the best ways to know foreign cultures is to read their literary works, particularly their literary classics, the soul of a country’s culture.They also give you the best language and the feeling of sublimity.
Liaoning People’s Publishing House is to be congratulated for its foresight and courage in making a new series of world literary classics available to the reading public.It is hoped that people with an adequate command of the English language will read them, like them and keep them as their lifetime companions.
I am convinced that the series will make an important contribution to the literary education of the young people in china.At a time when the whole country is emphasizing “spiritual civilization”, it is certainly a very timely venture to put out the series of literary classics for literary and cultural education.Zhang ZhongzaiProfessorBeijing Foreign Studies UniversityJuly, 2013 Beijing
总序
经典名著的语言无疑是最凝练、最优美、最有审美价值的。雪莱的那句“如冬已来临，春天还会远吗？”让多少陷于绝望的人重新燃起希望之火，鼓起勇气，迎接严冬过后的春天。徐志摩一句“悄悄的我走了，正如我悄悄的来；我挥一挥衣袖，不带走一片云彩”又让多少人陶醉。尼采的那句“上帝死了”，又给多少人以振聋发聩的启迪作用。
读经典名著，尤其阅读原汁原味作品，可以怡情养性，增长知识，加添才干，丰富情感，开阔视野。所谓“经典”，其实就是作者所属的那个民族的文化积淀，是那个民族的灵魂缩影。英国戏剧泰斗莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》和《麦克白》等、“意大利语言之父”的但丁的《神曲》之《地狱篇》《炼狱篇》及《天堂篇》、爱尔兰世界一流作家詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》及《一个艺术家的肖像》等、美国风趣而笔法超一流的著名小说家马克·吐温的《哈克历险记》以及《汤姆索亚历险记》等，德国著名哲学家尼采的《查拉图斯特拉如是说》及《快乐的科学》等等，都为塑造自己民族的文化积淀，做出了永恒的贡献，也同时向世界展示了他们所属的民族的优美剪影。
很多著名领袖如林肯、毛泽东等伟大人物，也都曾从经典名著中汲取力量，甚至获得治国理念。耶鲁大学教授查尔斯·希尔曾在题为《经典与治国理念》的文章，阐述了读书与治国之间的绝妙关系。他这样写道：“在几乎所有经典名著中，都可以找到让人叹为观止、深藏其中的治国艺术原则。”
经典名著，不仅仅有治国理念，更具提升读者审美情趣的功能。世界上不同时代、不同地域的优秀经典作品，都存在一个共同属性：歌颂赞美人间的真善美，揭露抨击世间的假恶丑。
读欧美自但丁以来的经典名著，你会看到，西方无论是在漫长的黑暗时期，抑或进入现代进程时期，总有经典作品问世，对世间的负面，进行冷峻的批判。与此同时，也有更多的大家作品问世，热情讴歌人间的真诚与善良，使读者不由自主地沉浸于经典作品的审美情感之中。
英语经典名著，显然是除了汉语经典名著以外，人类整个进程中至关重要的文化遗产的一部分。从历史上看，英语是全世界经典阅读作品中，使用得最广泛的国际性语言。这一事实，没有产生根本性变化。本世纪相当长一段时间，这一事实也似乎不会发生任何变化。而要更深入地了解并切身感受英语经典名著的风采，阅读原汁原味的英语经典作品的过程，显然是必不可少的。
辽宁人民出版社及时并隆重推出“最经典英语文库”系列丛书，是具有远见与卓识的出版行为。我相信，这套既可供阅读，同时也具收藏价值的英语原版经典作品系列丛书，在帮助人们了解什么才是经典作品的同时，也一定会成为广大英语爱好者、大中学生以及学生家长们挚爱的“最经典英语文库”。北京外国语大学英语学院北外公共外交研究中心欧美文学研究中心主任全国英国文学学会名誉会长张中载 教授2013年7月于北京
Chapter 1
PETRONIUS woke only about midday, and as usual greatly wearied.The evening before he had been at one of Nero's feasts, which was prolonged till late at night.For some time his health had been failing.He said himself that he woke up benumbed, as it were, and without power of collecting his thoughts.But the morning bath and careful kneading of the body by trained slaves hastened gradually the course of his slothful blood, roused him, quickened him, restored his strength, so that he issued from the elaeothesium, that is, the last division of the bath, as if he had risen from the dead, with eyes gleaming from wit and gladness, rejuvenated, filled with life, exquisite, so unapproachable that Otho himself could not compare with him, and was really that which he had been called,—arbiter elegantiarum.
He visited the public baths rarely, only when some rhetor happened there who roused admiration and who was spoken of in the city, or when in the ephebias there were combats of exceptional interest.Moreover, he had in his own "insula" private baths which Celer, the famous contemporary of Severus, had extended for him, reconstructed and arranged with such uncommon taste that Nero himself acknowledged their excellence over those of the Emperor, though the imperial baths were more extensive and finished with incomparably greater luxury.
After that feast, at which he was bored by the jesting of Vatinius with Nero, Lucan, and Seneca, he took part in a diatribe as to whether woman has a soul.Rising late, he used, as was his custom, the baths.Two enormous balneatores laid him on a cypress table covered with snow-white Egyptian byssus, and with hands dipped in perfumed olive oil began to rub his shapely body; and he waited with closed eyes till the heat of the laconicum and the heat of their hands passed through him and expelled weariness.
But after a certain time he spoke, and opened his eyes; he inquired about the weather, and then about gems which the jeweller Idomeneus had promised to send him for examination that day.It appeared that the weather was beautiful, with a light breeze from the Alban hills, and that the gems had not been brought.Petronius closed his eyes again, and had given command to bear him to the tepidarium, when from behind the curtain the nomenclator looked in, announcing that young Marcus Vinicius, recently returned from Asia Minor, had come to visit him.
Petronius ordered to admit the guest to the tepidarium, to which he was borne himself.Vinicius was the son of his oldest sister, who years before had married Marcus Vinicius, a man of consular dignity from the time of Tiberius.The young man was serving then under Corbulo against the Parthians, and at the close of the war had returned to the city.Petronius had for him a certain weakness bordering on attachment, for Marcus was beautiful and athletic, a young man who knew how to preserve a certain aesthetic measure in his profligacy; this, Petronius prized above everything.
"A greeting to Petronius," said the young man, entering the tepidarium with a springy step."May all the gods grant thee success, but especially Asklepios and Kypris, for under their double protection nothing evil can meet one."
"I greet thee in Rome, and may thy rest be sweet after war," replied Petronius, extending his hand from between the folds of soft karbas stuff in which he was wrapped."What's to be heard in Armenia; or since thou wert in Asia, didst thou not stumble into Bithynia?"
Petronius on a time had been proconsul in Bithynia, and, what is more, he had governed with energy and justice.This was a marvellous contrast in the character of a man noted for effeminacy and love of luxury; hence he was fond of mentioning those times, as they were a proof of what he had been, and of what he might have become had it pleased him.
"I happened to visit Heraklea," answered Vinicius."Corbulo sent me there with an order to assemble reinforcements."
"Ah, Heraklea! I knew at Heraklea a certain maiden from Colchis, for whom I would have given all the divorced women of this city, not excluding Poppaea.But these are old stories.Tell me now, rather, what is to be heard from the Parthian boundary.It is true that they weary me every Vologeses of them, and Tiridates and Tigranes,—those barbarians who, as young Arulenus insists, walk on all fours at home, and pretend to be human only when in our presence.But now people in Rome speak much of them, if only for the reason that it is dangerous to speak of aught else."
"The war is going badly, and but for Corbulo might be turned to defeat."
"Corbulo! by Bacchus! a real god of war, a genuine Mars, a great leader, at the same time quick-tempered, honest, and dull.I love him, even for this,—that Nero is afraid of him."
"Corbulo is not a dull man."
"Perhaps thou art right, but for that matter it is all one.Dulness, as Pyrrho says, is in no way worse than wisdom, and differs from it in nothing."
Vinicius began to talk of the war; but when Petronius closed his eyes again, the young man, seeing his uncle's tired and somewhat emaciated face, changed the conversation, and inquired with a certain interest about his health.
Petronius opened his eyes again.
Health!—No.He did not feel well.He had not gone so far yet, it is true, as young Sissena, who had lost sensation to such a degree that when he was brought to the bath in the morning he inquired, "Am I sitting?" But he was not well.Vinicius had just committed him to the care of Asklepios and Kypris.But he, Petronius, did not believe in Asklepios.It was not known even whose son that Asklepios was, the son of Arsinoe or Koronis; and if the mother was doubtful, what was to be said of the father? Who, in that time, could be sure who his own father was?
Hereupon Petronius began to laugh; then he continued,—"Two years ago, it is true, I sent to Epidaurus three dozen live blackbirds and a goblet of gold; but dost thou know why? I said to myself, 'Whether this helps or not, it will do me no harm.' Though people make offerings to the gods yet, I believe that all think as I do,—all, with the exception, perhaps, of mule-drivers hired at the Porta Capena by travellers.Besides Asklepios, I have had dealings with sons of Asklepios.When I was troubled a little last year in the bladder, they performed an incubation for me.I saw that they were tricksters, but I said to myself: 'What harm! The world stands on deceit, and life is an illusion.The soul is an illusion too.But one must have reason enough to distinguish pleasant from painful illusions.' I shall give command to burn in my hypocaustum, cedar-wood sprinkled with ambergris, for during life I prefer perfumes to stenches.As to Kypris, to whom thou hast also confided me, I have known her guardianship to the extent that I have twinges in my right foot.But as to the rest she is a good goddess! I suppose that thou wilt bear sooner or later white doves to her altar."
"True," answered Vinicius."The arrows of the Parthians have not reached my body, but a dart of Amor has struck me—unexpectedly, a few stadia from a gate of this city."
"By the white knees of the Graces! thou wilt tell me of this at a leisure hour."
"I have come purposely to get thy advice," answered Marcus.
But at that moment the epilatores came, and occupied themselves with Petronius.Marcus, throwing aside his tunic, entered a bath of tepid water, for Petronius invited him to a plunge bath.
"Ah, I have not even asked whether thy feeling is reciprocated," said Petronius, looking at the youthful body of Marcus, which was as if cut out of marble."Had Lysippos seen thee, thou wouldst be ornamenting now the gate leading to the Palatine, as a statue of Hercules in youth."
The young man smiled with satisfaction, and began to sink in the bath, splashing warm water abundantly on the mosaic which represented Hera at the moment when she was imploring Sleep to lull Zeus to rest.Petronius looked at him with the satisfied eye of an artist.
When Vinicius had finished and yielded himself in turn to the epilatores, a lector came in with a bronze tube at his breast and rolls of paper in the tube.
"Dost wish to listen?" asked Petronius.
"If it is thy creation, gladly!" answered the young tribune; "if not, I prefer conversation.Poets seize people at present on every street corner."
"Of course they do.Thou wilt not pass any basilica, bath, library, or book-shop without seeing a poet gesticulating like a monkey.Agrippa, on coming here from the East, mistook them for madmen.And it is just such a time now.Caesar writes verses; hence all follow in his steps.Only it is not permitted to write better verses than Caesar, and for that reason I fear a little for Lucan.But I write prose, with which, however, I do not honor myself or others.What the lector has to read are codicilli of that poor Fabricius Veiento."
"Why 'poor'?"
"Because it has been communicated to him that he must dwell in Odyssa and not return to his domestic hearth till he receives a new command.That Odyssey will be easier for him than for Ulysses, since his wife is no Penelope.I need not tell thee, for that matter, that he acted stupidly.But here no one takes things otherwise than superficially.His is rather a wretched and dull little book, which people have begun to read passionately only when the author is banished.Now one hears on every side, 'Scandala! scandala!' and it may be that Veiento invented some things; but I, who know the city, know our patres and our women, assure thee that it is all paler than reality.Meanwhile every man is searching in the book,—for himself with alarm, for his acquaintances with delight.At the book-shop of Avirnus a hundred copyists are writing at dictation, and its success is assured."
"Are not thy affairs in it?"
"They are; but the author is mistaken, for I am at once worse and less flat than he represents me.Seest thou we have lost long since the feeling of what is worthy or unworthy,—and to me even it seems that in real truth there is no difference between them, though Seneca, Musonius, and Trasca pretend that they see it.To me it is all one! By Hercules, I say what I think! I have preserved loftiness, however, because I know what is deformed and what is beautiful; but our poet, Bronzebeard, for example, the charioteer, the singer, the actor, does not understand this."
"I am sorry, however, for Fabricius! He is a good companion."
"Vanity ruined the man.Every one suspected him, no one knew certainly; but he could not contain himself, and told the secret on all sides in confidence.Hast heard the history of Rufinus?"
"No."
"Then come to the frigidarium to cool; there I will tell thee."
They passed to the frigidarium, in the middle of which played a fountain of bright rose-color, emitting the odor of violets.There they sat in niches which were covered with velvet, and began to cool themselves.Silence reigned for a time.Vinicius looked awhile thoughtfully at a bronze faun which, bending over the arm of a nymph, was seeking her lips eagerly with his lips.
"He is right," said the young man."That is what is best in life."
"More or less! But besides this thou lovest war, for which I have no liking, since under tents one's fingernails break and cease to be rosy.For that matter, every man has his preferences.Bronzebeard loves song, especially his own; and old Scaurus his Corinthian vase, which stands near his bed at night, and which he kisses when he cannot sleep.He has kissed the edge off already.Tell me, dost thou not write verses?"
"No; I have never composed a single hexameter."
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