作者：金利
出版社：西安交通大学出版社
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
大学英语专业四级阅读特训试读：
版权信息书名：大学英语专业四级阅读特训作者：金利排版：KingStar出版社：西安交通大学出版社出版时间：2013-07-01ISBN：9787560552309本书由北京新东方大愚文化传播有限公司授权北京当当科文电子商务有限公司制作与发行。— · 版权所有 侵权必究 · —前言Preface如何提高阅读速度？如何有选择性地跳读？
遇到生词如何猜词义？遇到难句如何应付？
怎样才能在规定时间内读完文章、答对题目？
……
这一个个疑问都是编者在进行专四英语教学及研究过程中最常听到的，很多专四考生常常在备考时倍感挫折，甚至有放弃阅读、放弃高分的念头。然而，阅读理解在专四考试中一直处于非常重要的地位，即使改革后各部分试题在比例上有所调整，阅读仍然是决定分数高低的关键所在，所以不可轻言放弃。而改革后的阅读无论是在篇幅上还是在难度上都有所增加，因此如何在新趋势下有效提高阅读能力是很多学生关注的问题。
本书是编者根据多年来对英语专业四级考试的研究，精心策划、编写而成，全书紧扣最新专四考试大纲，深入剖析专四阅读考试的特点、难点，以全新的视角、全新的理念带你进入全新的专四备考模式：真题自测知识探底，专四大纲全面解读
真题自测+点评，掌握最新考试动态，知晓个人薄弱环节
本书在第一章安排了一套专四阅读真题，供考生进行自我测试，考生可以在了解考题的基础上，检测自己的水平，以便更好、更有针对性地使用本书。点评部分编者就文章行文思路、试题考点及答案推导过程进行了深入剖析。
测试要求、测试形式、选材原则大公开，知己知彼百战不殆
本书从大纲着眼，为考生解读专四阅读的要求与选材原则，给出分析表格及总结概括，让考生得以及早从容准备，以强大的实力赢得阅读大战！基础技能系统讲解，阅读技巧全面点拨
如师在侧，讲解推测词义、破解疑难长句、定位答案和辨识选项的技巧
通过构词法及上下文推测词义：从词根词缀和上下文两个方面为考生讲解推测词义的技巧。
通过分析句子主干破解疑难长句：从分析句子主干入手逐步攻破长句和难句。
通过定位快速寻找答案：为你阐释定位技巧。7类定位信息逐一剖析，为考生提供最准确、最高效的答案定位方法，让考生在有限的时间里更准确、更高效地定位答案出处。
通过分析句子主干破解疑难长句：基础逐步延伸，从分析句子主干入手逐步攻破长句、难句。
通过定位快速寻找答案：定位技巧，6类定位信息逐一剖析，为考生提供最准确、最高效的答案定位方法，让考生在有限的时间里更准确、更高效地定位答案出处。
通过辨识选项解答题目：为你点拨答题技巧。从出题者的角度分析正确选项和错误选项的特点，让考生在答题时轻松排除干扰项，提高答题正确率。
3大答题步骤：根据阅读的特点、考试的时间，为考生量身定做一套最科学、最有效的答题步骤；方法重要，但步骤更重要，科学、有效的答题步骤可以达到事半功倍的效果。历年真题层层剖析，题材题型逐一解读
8类题材全面扫描，5种题型深度剖析
本书将专四历年阅读真题按题材分为8大类：文化、科普、人物故事、社会现象、教育、日常生活、商业职场和名著选段，每类题材都附有对其分析的表格及主题词汇，清晰明了地揭示出专四阅读的选材特点及趋势。
真题强化训练+全真模拟集训
本书第三章和第四章还精心编排了真题强化训练和高仿真模拟题。考生通过大量的训练，既可提高阅读能力，也可提高心理素质，达到完美的临场状态。答案解析详尽、准确、到位，力求从考生做题的角度来分析题目，引导考生按合理的步骤解题，解开做题时遇到的困惑。同时，在答案详解中启发考生的解题思路，让其在遇到类似题目时能够触类旁通，轻松应对。
毋庸置疑，英文实力是提升考场竞争力的关键因素，而阅读实力则是提升专四考试分数的重要环节。提高专四阅读的应对能力，可以让你轻松跨越专四考试的门槛，在考场中脱颖而出。我们精心打造这本书的目的就在于，让所有考生都能在最短的时间里，迅速掌握阅读技巧，结合充分练习提升高层次英语阅读能力，顺利通过英语专业四级考试。
本书得以顺利完成，要特别感谢世纪友好工作室的蒋志华、何静、李岩岩、张继龙、黄娜、黄姗、梅晓艳、叶金定、林博文、李素素等老师。他们对英语教学和研究的热爱和投入使得本书能在第一时间与考生见面。
最后预祝即将参加专四考试的各位考生马到成功！编者第一章真题自测与大纲解读第一节真题自测PARTⅤ READING COMPREHENSION （25MIN）
In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.
Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.TEXT A
We have a crisis on our hands. You mean global warming? The world economy? No, the decline of reading. People are just not doing it anymore, especially the young. Who's responsible? Actually, it's more like, What is responsible? The Internet, of course, and everything that comes with it—Facebook, Twitter(微博). You can write your own list.
There's been a warning about the imminent death of literate thcivilization for a long time. In the 20 century, first it was the movies, then radio, then television that seemed to spell doom for the written world. None did. Reading survived;in fact it not only survived, it has flourished. The world is more literate than ever before—there are more and more readers, and more and more books.
The fact that we often get our reading material online today is not something we should worry over. The electronic and digital revolution of the last two decades has arguably shown the way forward for reading and for writing. Take the arrival of e-book readers as an example. Devices like Kindle make reading more convenient and are a lot more environmentally friendly than the traditional paper book.
As technology makes new ways of writing possible, new ways of reading are possible. Interconnectivity allows for the possibility of a reading experience that was barely imaginable before. Where traditional books had to make do with photographs and illustrations, an e-book can provide readers with an unlimited number of links: to texts, pictures, and videos. In the future, the way people write novels, history, and philosophy will resemble nothing seen in the past.
On the other hand, there is the danger of trivialization. One Twitter group is offering its followers single-sentence-long“digests”of the great novels. War and Peace in a sentence?You must be joking. We should fear the fragmentation of reading. There is the danger that the high-speed connectivity of the Internet will reduce our attention span—that we will be incapable of reading anything of length or which requires deep concentration.
In such a fast-changing world, in which reality seems to be remade each day, we need the ability to focus and understand what is happening to us. This has always been the function of literature and we should be careful not to let it disappear. Our society needs to be able to imagine the possibility of someone utterly in tune with modern technology but able to make sense of a dynamic, confusing world.th
In the 15 century, Johannes Guttenberg's invention of the printing press in Europe had a huge impact on civilization. Once upon a time the physical book was a challenging thing. We should remember this before we assume that technology is out to destroy traditional culture.
81. Which of the following paragraphs briefly reviews the historical challenges for reading?
A. Paragraph One.
B. Paragraph Two.
C. Paragraph Three.
D. Paragraph Four.
82. The following are all cited as advantages of e-books EXCEPT_____
A. multimodal content.
B. environmental friendliness.
C. convenience for readers.
D. imaginative design.
83. Which of the following can best describe how the author feels toward single-sentence-long novels?
A. Ironic.
B. Worried.
C. Sarcastic.
D. Doubtful.
84. According to the passage, people need knowledge of modern technology and________to survive in the fast-changing society.
A. high sensitivity
B. good judgment
C. good imagination
D. the ability to focus
85. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Technology pushes the way forward for reading and writing.
B. Interconnectivity is a feature of new reading experience.
C. Technology is an opportunity and a challenge for traditional reading.
D. Technology offers a greater variety of reading practice.TEXT B
I know when the snow melts and the first robins(知更鸟)come to call, when the laughter of children returns to the parks and playgrounds, something wonderful is about to happen.
Spring cleaning.
I'll admit spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp. Today's busy families hardly have time to load the dishwasher, much less clean the doormat. Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi-Fi. It interrupts the natural order.
“Honey, what say we spend the weekend beating the rugs, sorting through the boxes in the basement and painting our bedroom a nice lemony yellow? ”I say.
“Can we at least wait until the NBA matches are over? ”my husband answers.
But I tell my family, spring cleaning can't wait. The temperature has risen just enough to melt snow but not enough for Little League practice to start. Some flowers are peeking out of the thawing ground, but there is no lawn to seed, nor garden to tend. Newly wakened from our winter's hibernation(冬眠), yet still needing extra blankets at night, we open our windows to the first fresh air floating on the breeze and all of the natural world demanding“Awake and be clean! ”
Biologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring's first light, which has to do with melatonin, the sleepytime hormone(激素)our bodies produce when it's dark. When spring's light comes, the melatonin diminishes, and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty, virus-filled house we've been hibernating in for four months.
I tell my family about the science and psychology of a good healthy cleaning at spring's arrival. I speak to them about life's greatest rewards waiting in the removal of soap scum from the bathtub, which hasn't been properly cleaned since the first snowfall.
“I'll do it, ”says the eldest child, a 21-year-old college student who lives at home.
“You will? Wow! ”I exclaim.
Maybe after all these years, he's finally grasped the concept. Maybe he's expressing his rightful position as eldest child and role model. Or maybe he's going to Florida for a break in a couple of weeks and he's being nice to me who is the financial-aid officer.
No matter. Seeing my adult son willingly cleaning that dirty bathtub gives me hope for the future of his 12-year-old brother who, instead of working, is found to be sleeping in the seat of the window he is supposed to be cleaning.
“Awake and be clean! ”I say.
86. According to the passage, “…spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp”means that spring cleaning_____
A. is no longer an easy practice to understand.
B. is no longer part of modern family life.
C. requires more family members to be involved.
D. calls for more complicated skills and knowledge.
87. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be included in family spring cleaning?
A. Beating the rugs.
B. Cleaning the window.
C. Restoring Wi-Fi services.
D. Cleaning the backyard.
88. Why does the author say“spring cleaning can't wait”?
A. Because there will be more activities when it gets warmer.
B. Because the air is fresher and the breeze is lighter.
C. Because the whole family is full of energy at spring time.
D. Because the snow is melting and the ground is thawing.
89. Which of the following interpretations of the biologists' theory about melatonin is INCORRECT?
A. The production of melatonin in our bodies varies at different times.
B. Melatonin is more likely to cause sleepiness in our bodies.
C. The reduction of melatonin will cause wakefulness in our bodies.
D. The amount of melatonin remains constant in our bodies.
90. Which of the following can best sum up the author's overall reaction to her adult son's positive response to spring cleaning?
A. Surprised and skeptical.
B. Elated and hesitant.
C. Relieved and optimistic.
D. Optimistic and hesitant.TEXT C
These days lots of young Japanese do omiai, literally, “meet and look. ”Many of them do so willingly. In today's prosperous and increasingly conservative Japan, the traditional omiai kekkon, or arranged marriage, is thriving.
But there is a difference. In the original omiai, the young Japanese couldn't reject the partner chosen by his parents and their middleman. After World War II, many Japanese abandoned the arranged marriage as part of their rush to adopt the more democratic ways of their American conquerors. The Western ren'ai kekkon, or love marriage, became popular;Japanese began picking their own mates by dating and falling in love.
But the Western way was often found wanting in an important respect: it didn't necessarily produce a partner of the right economic, social, and educational qualifications. “Today's young people are quite calculating, ”says Chieko Akiyama, a social commentator.
What seems to be happening now is a repetition of a familiar process in the country's history, the“Japanization”of an adopted foreign practice. The Western ideal of marrying for love is accommodated in a new omiai in which both parties are free to reject the match. “Omiai is evolving into a sort of stylized introduction, ”Mrs. Akiyama says.
Many young Japanese now date in their early twenties, but with no thought of marriage. When they reach the age—in the middle twenties for women, the late twenties for men—they increasingly turn to omiai. Some studies suggest that as many as 40%of marriages each year are omiai kekkon. It's hard to be sure, say those who study the matter, because many Japanese couples, when polled, describe their marriage as a love match even if it was arranged.
These days, doing omiai often means going to a computer matching service rather than to a nakodo. The nakodo of tradition was an old woman who knew all the kids in the neighbourhood and went around trying to pair them off by speaking to their parents;a successful match would bring her a wedding invitation and a gift of money. But Japanese today find it's less awkward to reject a proposed partner if the nakodo is a computer.
Japan has about five hundred computer matching services. Some big companies, including Mitsubishi, run one for their employees. At a typical commercial service, an applicant pays $80 to $125 to have his or her personal data stored in the computer for two years and $200 or so more if a marriage results. The stored information includes some obvious items, like education and hobbies, and some not-so-obvious ones, like whether a person is the oldest child. (First sons, and to some extent first daughters, face an obligation of caring for elderly parents. )
91. According to the passage, today's young Japanese prefer_____
A. a traditional arranged marriage.
B. a new type of arranged marriage.
C. a Western love marriage.
D. a more Westernized love marriage.
92. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
A. A Western love marriage tends to miss some Japanese values.
B. Less attention is paid to the partner's qualification in arranged marriages.
C. Young Japanese would often calculate their partner's wealth.
D. A new arranged marriage is a repetition of the older type.
93. According to the passage, the figure 40%(Paragraph Five)is uncertain because_____
A. there has been a big increase in the number of arranged marriages.
B. Western love marriage still remains popular among young Japanese.
C. young Japanese start dating very early in their life in a Western tradition.
D. the tendency for arranged marriages could be stronger than is indicated.
94. One of the big differences between a traditional nakodo and its contemporary version lies in the way_____
A. wedding gifts are presented.
B. a proposed partner is refused.
C. formalities are arranged.
D. the middleman/woman is chosen.
95. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To tell the differences between an old and modern nakodo.
B. To provide some examples for the traditional nakodo.
C. To offer more details of the computerized nakodo.
D. To sum up the main ideas and provide a conclusion.TEXT D
Cordia Harrington was tired of standing up all day and smelling like French fries at night. She owned and operated three McDonald's shops in Illinois, but as a divorced mother of three boys, she yearned for a business that would provide for her children and let her spend more time with them.
Her lucky moment came, strangely enough, after she was nominated in 1992 to be on the McDonald's bun committee. “The company picked me up in a corporate jet to see bakeries around the world, ”she recalls. “Every time I went to a meeting, I loved it. This was global! ”
The experience opened her eyes to business possibilities. When McDonald's decided it wanted a new bun supplier, Harrington became determined to win the contract, even though she had no experience running a bakery.
Harrington studied the bakery business and made sure she was never off executives'radar. “If you have a dream, you can't wait for people to call you, ”she says. “So I'd visit a mill and send them photos of myself in a baker's hat and jacket, holding a sign that says‘I want to be your baker. '”After four years and 32 interviews, her persistence paid off.
Harrington sealed the deal with a handshake, sold her shops, and borrowed $13. 5 million. She was ready to build the fastest, most automated bakery in the world.
The Tennessee Bun Company opened ahead of schedule in 1997, in time for a slump in U.S.fast-food sales for McDonald's. Before Harrington knew it, she was down to her last $20, 000, not enough to cover payroll. And her agreement with McDonald's required that she sell exclusively to the company. “I cried myself to sleep many nights, ”she recalls. “I really did think, I am going to go bankrupt. ”
But Harrington worked out an agreement to supply Pepperidge Farm as well. “McDonald's could see a benefit if our production went up and prices went down, and no benefit if we went out of business, ”she says. “That deal saved us. ”
Over the next eight years, Harrington branched out even more: She started her own trucking business, added a cold-storage company, and now has three bakeries producing fresh buns and frozen dough—all now known as the Bun Companies. Speed is still a priority: It takes 11 people at the main bakery to turn out 60, 000 buns an hour for clients across 40 states, South America, and the Caribbean.
Grateful for the breaks she's had, Harrington is passionate about providing opportunities to all 230 employees. “Financial success is the most fun when you can give it away, ”she says.
The current economy is challenging. Some of her clients'sales have declined, but she's found new clients and improved efficiencies to help sustain the company's double-digit growth.
Cordia Harrington doesn't have to stand on her feet all day anymore. Two of her three sons now work for her. And she's remarried—her husband, Tom, is now her CFO.
“This is more than a job, ”says Harrington. “It's a mission. I'm always thinking, How can we best serve our employees? If we support them, they'll do their best to look after our clients. That's how it works here. ”
96. According to the passage, which of the following was most significant in her early career?
A. Her nomination on the McDonald's bun committee.
B. Her travel and the visits to bakeries around the world.
C. A business contract with local bun suppliers.
D. The interviews and experience in running a bakery.
97. “Harrington…made sure she was never off executives'radar”(Paragraph Four)means that she______
A. herself wanted to be a company executive.
B. meant to hire executives to run the business.
C. meant to keep her management knowledge and skills.
D. focused on the management of the bakery business.
98. How did she survive the crisis at the start of her bakery business?
A. By supplying buns for another company.
B. By opening her bun company ahead of schedule.
C. By keeping supplies up for McDonald's.
D. By making a new agreement with McDonald's.
99. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT in describing her current business?
A. It is fast growing.
B. It is diversified.
C. Its clients are all local.
D. It is more efficient.
100. According to the passage, which of the following is fundamental to Harrington's success?
A. Efficiency and love for the family.
B. Perseverance and concern for employees.
C. Business expansion and family support.
D. Opportunities and speed.
答案速查第二节真题点评1 篇章分析TEXT A
第一段开门见山地提出我们当今面临着一种危机，即阅读量的下降；并随之提出主要原因是互联网的出现。
从第二至第五段，作者指出虽然传统书籍面临其他阅读形式的威胁，但并未绝迹，反而更加繁荣；而时下的网络书籍，或称之为电子书籍，与传统书籍相比，则有多种优势，但同时也存在庸俗化的危险。
文章第六段告诉我们，人们不仅应具备现代技术方面的知识，更要能够理解时下充满活力而又令人困惑的世界。
最后一段从15世纪的发明引出结论：新技术对传统阅读来说，挑战与机遇并存。TEXT B
文章前两段以雪融化和知更鸟叫了两种现象，直接切入主题：美妙的事情即将发生了，那就是春季大扫除。
第三至第七段，作者则展示了当前春季大扫除面临的问题：人们对大扫除概念的淡化，及由此而产生的行动迟缓。在六、七两段中，作者提出了自己对春季大扫除的观点。
从第八段至最后一段，作者向我们描述了她自己家是如何进行春季大扫除的。在此过程中，作者对她长子迅速给出的肯定回复，表示了兴奋与惊喜，并决定把不想参与的小儿子也叫醒，一起来参与春季大扫除。TEXT C
首段介绍了“相亲”一词的含义及日本新型“相亲结婚”或“包办婚姻”的模式正大行其道的现状。
第二、三段介绍了当代相亲和传统相亲的不同，以及以前西方的自由恋爱在日本的流行及存在的弊端。
第四、五段提到相亲正朝着一种程式化的介绍模式发展；在日本，相亲的势头很猛。
第六、七段指出，现在，更多的人喜欢使用电脑配对服务而不是说媒来进行相亲。日本大约有五百家电脑婚姻配对服务公司。各家公司收费不尽相同。TEXT D
本文在首段即提出了女主人公哈林顿现在的情形及其渴望：作为一位有三个孩子的单亲妈妈，在经营着三家麦当劳的同时，她想有更多的时间跟孩子们一起度过。
第二段到第十段是文章的主体部分，详细叙述了主人公的成功历程：参观全世界的面包烘烤为其早期的事业奠定了基础。虽然在1997年其生意受到全美业务状况下滑的影响，但她通过给另外一家公司提供烘烤面包而渡过了危机。即使当前经济形势不佳，她仍通过积极地拓展客户来保持公司业绩快速增长。
最后两个自然段，则以总结的形式，道出了女主人公的成功秘诀在于坚持不懈和对员工的体贴。2 试题点评TEXT A
81. ［答案］B［考点］本题为段落主旨题，考查对第二段的理解。
文章从第一段开始就提出当前存在阅读衰落的危机，并在段尾处提出互联网应对此负责，而第二段承上启下，提出很长一段时间以来就有人警告说读写文明即将消亡，并具体追溯了20世纪传统阅读遭受电影、广播和电视的冲击却屹立不倒反而更加繁荣的事实，故选B。
82. ［答案］D［考点］本题考查对第三、四段的理解，出题点在长难句处。
第三段段尾提到，电子书的阅读方式令阅读更为方便，更利于环保，故排除B和C两项。第四段中提到：科技已使新的阅读方式成为可能；网络连接使一种我们之前从未想到过的阅读体验成为可能；与传统图书相比，电子书为读者提供了无限的链接，这里提到的无限链接包括文本、图片和视频，即为多种形态，多模式化，故也排除A。本文全篇并未提到设计的问题，故D“富有想象力的设计”为正确答案。
83. ［答案］B［考点］本题出题点在人物观点处。
第五段作者提出电子阅读这种新颖阅读方式的危险性，那就是令阅读庸俗化。尤其在微博中只写一句话概括一部小说的方式，作者不认为这是一种阅读，这简直是在开玩笑，作者认为我们应为这种只言片语的阅读感到担心。所以，作者的态度是worried，选B。
84. ［答案］A［考点］本题为段落主旨题，考查对文章第六段的理解。
文中提到，在变化如此之快的世界中，现实似乎每天都在被重塑，我们需要具备关注和理解我们身边正在发生的事情的能力。文学一直在起着这种作用，我们应该小心对
待它，不让它消失。我们的社会要能想象到这样一种可能，有的人既能完全适应现代科技，又能理解这个既充满活力又使人困惑的世界。由此可以推断在快速变化的社会，人们需要现代科技的知识，同时也要时时关注并努力理解周围所发生的一切，即对周围事物具备高度的敏感性，故选A。
85. ［答案］C［考点］本题考查文章的主旨。
全文开篇指出现在面临的危机，第二段简单介绍了历史上对传统阅读的挑战，尽管如此传统阅读还是存活了下来。接下来指出我们不必对当今新颖的电子阅读感到过分担心，它有许多优势，当然也有令阅读庸俗化的危险性。最后，作者提及了个人的期待，我们既要迎合科技，也要对日新月异的现实社会具备高度的敏感性。由此可以看出，科技对传统阅读而言，既是机遇也是挑战。所以答案为C。TEXT B
86. ［答案］A［考点］本题考查句意理解。
之所以说春季大扫除对现代家庭是个很难理解的概念，从第三段可以看出，时下忙碌的家庭连把碗碟放入洗碗机内的时间都没有，更别说清洁门垫了。让一家人用周末的时间在后院里把冬天的狗屎从融雪里清理出来，就像宣布无线上网技术将不再存在一样。这打乱了正常的生活秩序。由此可见，春季大扫除反而成为时下家庭很难理解的事情了。
87. ［答案］C［考点］本题为细节考查。出题点在文章的三、四、十二段的举例处。
第三段提到，在春季大扫除中，清洁门垫，清理后院的狗屎都是可做的事情，第四段又讲到拍打地毯、箱子分类、粉刷墙壁，第十二段提到小儿子本应该在擦窗户，由此可见只有C项“恢复Wi-Fi服务”是不需要大扫除做的，故选C。
注：还有一种观点认为本题选D。具体解释如下：根据第三段倒数第二句话：Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi-Fi. （要家人去清扫后院的狗屎堆，就好比是宣布不让再继续使用“Wi-Fi”服务）。从此处看，作者是想表达“清扫后院”是大家最不想干的事情，故将正确答案确定为选项D从这个意义上来说，也是可以理解的，此时宜将C项当做干扰项。
88. ［答案］A［考点］本题出题点在第六段的原因解释处。
第六段中作者提出“春季大扫除不能等”的说法后，马上解释说，气温刚刚升高到能把雪融化的程度，但是还没到少年棒球队开始训练的时候。一些花开始从复苏的大地里探出头来，但是草坪还不需要种植，花园也不需照料。作者显然在暗示现在的温度最适合大扫除，一旦天气变得更暖和，将会有更多的事情要做。故本题选A。
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