作者：王全民,易人外语教研组
出版社：江苏凤凰科学技术出版社
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
一学就会的英语听力技巧大全集试读：
前言
英语早已成为世界性的语言，英语学习的重要性更是不言而喻。然而，如何才能学好英语，却成为了很多学生的困扰。
综合英语听说读写的四项基本技能来看，听力技能的培养与提升往往会得不到重视。在各种类型的英语考试中，很多考生都会在听力部分丢掉分数，甚至对听力题目有种无所适从的感觉。因此，听力考试也就成为学生考试过级的一大障碍。其实，如果对各种英语考试听力真题题型加以系统分析，掌握相关的听力技巧，并且在日常的英语学习中有针对性地进行训练，我们就能轻松攻克英语听力考试的难关。
一本全面且实用的英语听力学习指导书，无疑会使我们收到事半功倍的效果。有鉴于此，我们编写了这本听力学习书。本书分为“听力入门”和“真题分析与模拟自测”两大部分，共计7个单元，36个章节，全面而系统地解析了各种英语考试的听力真题题型和解题技巧。“听力入门”部分由简到难，从基本的听力音变现象、连接词、基础句型、听力题型和考试技巧4个方面加以解说；而“真题分析与模拟自测”部分，从对话、短文理解、短文听写3个方面，依次对CET-4、CET-6、TEM-4、TEM-8的听力考试真题进行详细阐述，其中附以少量的IELTS、TOEFL、TOEIC真题和CNN、VOA听力材料，按照日常生活中常见的交际情景加以分类，并附带“答案详解”“核心单词”“词组解析”“句构分析”“题型分析”“句式套用”6大内容板块，对听力试题中所涉及的基础英语知识加以详细解说，方便考生巩固提高、灵活运用。此外，每个单元后都有相应的模拟自测题，帮助考生进行实战演练，提前适应考试题目。为英语考试做足准备，让听力题不再是失分“重灾区”。
衷心希望这本书能为广大读者的英语听力技能的提高带来切实的帮助。当然，在编写过程中，难免会有疏漏之处，恳请读者批评指正！
Preface
易人外语教研组
使用说明
1. 系统归纳，详加阐述
本书整理了CET-4、CET-6、TEM-4、TEM-8近10年的听力考试真题，并附有少量TOEFL、IELTS、TOEIC的听力考试真题，以及CNN、VOA听力材料，从“听力入门”和“真题分析与模拟自测”两方面着手，对必备的听力基本技能、真题题型和解题技巧进行了系统的归纳总结，构建出全面实用的知识体系，方便考生学习应用。
2. 答案详解，细说缘由“答案详解”和“题型分析”两部分，结合听力材料原文，对真题试题加以详细解说，以便考生轻松掌握解题技巧，全力备战。
3. 听力真题，取材广泛
本书所选的听力真题材料，全部注明出处，配有试题、答案和听力原文，并且根据日常生活中常见的交际情景加以分类，涉及生活、职场、校园、社交、文化等方方面面，内容丰富，层次分明，便于考生系统学习。
4. 特色板块，温故知新
书中第二部分的真题解析后，附有“核心单词”“词组解析”“句构分析”“句式套用”4大板块内容，对听力真题中所涉及的英语单词、词组、句式结构加以详细讲解，方便考生融会贯通，学以致用。
5. 模拟自测，实战演练
在第二部分的真题解析之后，精心编写相关模拟试题，便于考生进行自测，对所学的听力技巧加以灵活运用。
第一部分 听力入门
Unit 1 了解音变现象
Unit 2 牢记连接词
Unit 3 掌握基础句型
Unit 4 常见听力题型与考试技巧
Unit 01 了解音变现象
Chapter 01 连读现象
连读就是有意识地把前一个单词的最后一个音和后一个单词的第一个音拼读在一起。连读的词通常是在同一个意群中，意义相连，且不需要重读。在英语听力中，连读现象很普遍。事实上，几乎每种语言都有连贯的语音流。在听力考试中，听懂连读音是非常重要的，这直接影响着应试者对整个句子甚至整段对话的理解。在听力训练中，我们首先就要了解，英语中哪些音需要连读以及连读与分读的区别。
1.“辅音+元音”型连读
在同一个意群里，前后相邻的两个单词，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，而后一个词是以元音开头，这就适用于“辅音+元音”的连读。
2.“r / re+（半）元音”型连读
如果前一个词是以-r或-re结尾，而后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或re要发[r]音，而且要与后面的元音连读。
3.“元音+元音”型连读
如果前一个词是以元音结尾，而后一个词以元音开头，这两个音往往也要连读。失去爆破造成的音变现象
[p]-[b]，[t]-[d]，[k]-[g]是3对爆破音。失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，是指在某些情况下，只需做出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。这种音变现象通常被称为“吞音”。
实战演练
连读
A monkey belongs~to a primate. The diet~of the monkey comprises fruits, wild~berries, leaves, seeds, nuts, eggs, flowers~and~other smaller~animals~and~insects. The species~are characterized~by tails~and~color vision. Monkey habitat~is~identified~ac-ross~Asia, Africa and Central and South America. The species~are rarely seen~in the wild~in~Australia, North America~or~Antarctica.（TOEFL）
分开读
A monkey belongs to a primate. The diet of the monkey comprises fruits, wild berries, leaves, seeds, nuts, eggs, flowers and other smaller animals and insects. The species are characterized by tails and color vision. Monkey habitat is identified across Asia, Africa and Central and South America. The species are rarely seen in the wild in Australia, North America or Antarctica.（TOEFL）
★怎么样？连读和分读的差别是不是很大？跟着录音，再读一遍。
Chapter 02 缩读现象
缩读就是将前后连在一起，并且发音时也相互影响的两个音缩读成一个音，这样，可以使发音更加流畅连贯。英语听力考试中，缩读也是非常常见的。因此，了解和掌握缩读的规律，对英语听力的提高起着非常重要的作用。
1. going to 和 want to
通常，在英语口语中，要将going to缩读为gonna ['gɒnə]，want to缩读为wanna ['wɒnə]。I'm gonna do my homework. She wanna be a dancer in the future.
2. 系动词am, is, are 与前面主语进行缩写时，其读音要缩读。She is = she's [ʃi:z]，we are = we're [wɪə]
They're really suitable for us. It's an amazing story!
I'm still lost about my future career.
3. 助动词与否定词not进行缩写的时候，读音[t]可以省略。will not = won't [wəʊnt]，do not = don't [dəʊnt]，could not = couldn't ['kʊdnt]。这些缩写词，通常会省略[t]音，或者稍微停顿一下。
I won't be married before I get a job. She doesn't like watching movies with others.
He couldn't understand what Mr. Lee said.
4. 情态动词与have组成缩写时，通常进行缩读。could have = could've [ˈkʊdv]，should have = should've [ˈʃəʊdv]
I could've done better than before, but I didn't know why things went on like that.
He should've known that Sam would be angry that day.
5. 其他常见的缩读形式：give me = gimme ['gɪmɪ]，because = 'cause [kəz]
Please give me the electric torch. Because I love you, it is the most important in my life.
实战演练
缩读
Nothing, it's just that she submitted a job application yesterday and the company asked her in for an interview today. She's afraid she won't be able to attend your class this afternoon though. I'm calling to see whether it would be OK if I gave you her essay. Janet said it's due today.（CET-4）
分读
Nothing, it is just that she submitted a job application yesterday and the company asked her in for an interview today. She is afraid she will not be able to attend your class this afternoon though. I am calling to see whether it would be OK if I gave you her essay. Janet said it was due today. （CET-4）
★怎么样？缩读和分读的差别是不是非常大？跟着录音，再读一遍。
Chapter 03 弱化现象
弱化是指英语语流中，音质或者音量发生的明显变化。通常情况下，弱化可以分为元音弱化和辅音弱化两类。一般情况下，虚词是常见的弱读形式。英语听力考试中，弱读可能是比较难以分辨的，如果把握不好弱读规则，就会大大影响对听力内容的理解。现在，我们来具体了解哪些音需要弱读以及弱读的发音规则。
1.冠词的弱读
(1)定冠词the通常是读作[ðə]，弱读时，在辅音前读[ðə]，在元音前读[ðɪ]。a和an在弱读时，发音分别是[ə]和[ən]。I think it's the [ðə] key moment to decide what to do next.
The [ðɪ] answer to solve this question seems to be incorrect.
Her father is a [ə] doctor.
The boy ate an [ən] apple just now.
(2)如果要强调定冠词the，则是读作[ði:]。Catherine is the [ði:] only student who gets a poor mark in physics.
It was the [ði:] girl in red that received a nice present.
2.人称代词的弱读
第三人称代词he, him, her及物主代词形式his, her的弱读规则：
(1)如果位于句中，首字母h通常不发音。Mr. Brown told him [ɪm] that the plane was delayed.
It takes her [ə] a lot of time to prepare for the competition.
(2)如果位于句首，通常不需要弱读。He [hɪ] was a good boy in the past.
Her [hə(r)] parents hoped her to enter the technical college.
3.连词and的弱读
(1) and通常是读作[ənd]。弱读时，如果and前后的单词分别是以辅音结尾和元音开头，则其读音为[ənd]；如果and 之后的单词是以辅音开头，通常要弱读为[ən]。Ms. Yang and [ənd] I went to Paris last week.
Lily and [ən] Sunny are best friends.
(2) that通常是读作[ðæt]；弱读时，则是读作[ðət]。It's the first time that [ðət] she has come to Paris.
This is the very novel that [ðət] he likes very much.
4.助动词的弱读
(1) be动词：am, is, are, was, were
•am通常是读作[əm]，而与主语进行缩写时，通常要弱读为[m]。在需要重读时，其发音是[æm]Why am [əm] I so afraid of being a failure at times?
I'm [m] good at writing and dancing.
•are通常是读作[ɑ:(r)]。在弱读时，可以读作[ə]和[ər]，并且只有在元音、半元音之前，才读作[ər]。is在弱读时，通常读作[s]或[z]。Where are [ər] you going to do?
There are [ə] some books on the second shelf.
He's [z] here.
It's [s] a basketball.
•was通常会弱读，读作[wəz]。在强读时，则是读作[wɒz]；were通常会弱读，读作[wə]；而在重读时要读作[wʒ:]。It was [wəz] a very sad story.
They were [wə] going to visit Miss. Gao.
(2) have, has, had
have, has, had作实义动词时的弱读通常是[həv]，[həz]和[həd]；作助动词时，通常要弱读，读音分别为[əv]，[əz]和[əd]，或者[v]，[z]和[d]。They have [əv] seen the movie before.
She has [əz] gone to Beijing.
I had [əd] finished the book.
(3) do和does
do, does作实义动词时，通常是读作[du:]和[dʌz]；作助动词时，通常要弱读，读音分别为[də]和[dəz]。How do [də] you think about the issue?
Sam does [dəz] not understand what he is talking about.
(4)情态动词would
情态动词would通常是读作[wʊd]；作助动词时，可以与动词原形连用构成过去将来时，或是与“have+动词的过去分词”连用构成过去将来完成时，通常要弱读为[wəd]。例如：I believe they would [wəd] complete the road construction according to schedule.
If you had taken his advice, you would [wəd] have passed the test.
实战演练
弱读
But their teacher, James Nasmith had other ideas. He had been working for a long time on a new game that would have the excitement of the American football. Nasmith showed the men a basket he had hung at each end of the gym, and explained that they were going to sue a round European football. At first everybody tried to throw the ball into the basket no matter where he was standing.（CET-4）
非弱读
But their teacher, James Nasmith had other ideas. He had been working for a long time on a new game that would have the excitement of the American football. Nasmith showed the men a basket he had hung at each end of the gym, and explained that they were going to sue a round European football. At first everybody tried to throw the ball into the basket no matter where he was standing.（CET-4）
★对比来看，弱读与非弱读的差别是不是很大？跟着录音再读一遍。
Chapter 04 重音现象
如果某个单词中包含两个或两个以上的音节时，通常会有重读与非重读之别。重音可以分为主重音和次重音。此外，完整的英文句子中，不同的成分读音也有轻重之别。把握好重读规律和重音位置，对于掌握英语听力会有很大的帮助。接下来，我们就来简单了解一下重音现象。
1.单词的重音
单词的重音主要是针对双音节词和多音节词。
(1)音节的划分
音节是最小的发音单位。一个元音可以构成一个音节；一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合，也可以构成一个音节。此外，有4个辅音[m][n][ŋ][l]和辅音音素结合，也可以构成音节；这样的音节通常是在词尾，且多为非重读音节。
•按照读音，音节可以分为开音节和闭音节。
① 开音节可以分为绝对开音节和相对开音节。在开音节中，元音字母发字母本身的音。例如：hi [haɪ]，see [si:]。
绝对开音节是指单个元音字母之后没有辅音字母的重读音节。例如：me [mi:]，we [wi:]。
相对开音节是指一个元音字母之后以一个辅音字母（除r之外）和一个不发音的字母e结尾的音节。例如：lake [leɪk]，hope [həʊp]。
② 闭音节是指元音字母之后带有辅音字母（除r之外）构成结尾的音节。例如：pig [pɪg]，top [tɒp]。
•按重读与否，音节可以分为重读音节和非重读音节。
① 元音是构成音节的主体，辅音是音节的分界线。英语单词中，只含有1个音节的单词即为单音节词，含有2个音节的单词即为双音节词，而含有3个或是3个音节以上的单词则是多音节词。
② 在双音节或者多音节词中，有一个发音特别响亮的音节，称为重读音节，用重音符号“'”标于相应位置，例如：occur [əˈkʒ:]，其他音节为非重读音节。单音节词作重读处理，但不标重音符号。例如：make [meɪk]。
(2)双音节词的重读
① 一般情况下，双音节词的重音在第一个音节上，例如water, color等。
② 带前缀的单词，重音通常是在第二个音节上，这些前缀通常有a-, be-, dis-, de-, in-等等。 例如away, belong, dislike, delay, incase等。
③ 有些词的词性有多个，重读位置可能会发生变化，例如content，作名词时，重音是在第一个音节上，读作[ˈkɒntent]；作形容词时，重音则变到第二个音节上，读作[kənˈtent]。
(3)多音节词的重读
一般来讲，多音节词的重音经常会落在第三个音节上。例如，sensibility [ˌsensəˈbɪlətɪ], realization [ˌri:əlaɪˈzeɪʃn]等。
2.句子的重音
句子中词的重读位置，通常是根据这些单词或词组在句子中所表达的意思来决定。一般而言，实词重读，虚词弱读。实词通常包括名词、动词、形容词、副词；而虚词通常是冠词、介词、连词。至于数词、代词和感叹词，通常是根据具体语境而决定是否需要重读。You and Lily will go to visit the palace this weekend?
I think Mom is angry.
(1)有时候，同一句话如果要强调不同的句子成分，重读的位置也会有所不同。Mary likes this dance.（玛丽喜欢这支舞。）
Mary likes this dance.（强调主语本人而非他人） Mary likes this dance.（强调喜欢）
Mary likes this dance.（强调这支舞蹈而非其他） Mary likes this dance.（强调舞蹈本身）
(2)有时候，在表示对比时，也可以重读。I like reading books, but she likes writing books.
(3)当介词位于句首或句尾时，通常要重读。On the contrary, he didn't return home that night.
She couldn't understand what he was talking about.
实战演练
You can consider ways to protect yourself when you start seeing these signs coming on. So you might decide to withdraw from a stressful situation or reward yourself with equal amounts of low stress activity time.（TEM-8）
★是不是觉得有点难？掌握重音的规律，需要多加练习和记忆，可以跟着录音再读几遍。Unit 02 牢记连接词
Chapter 01 表先后的连接词
after a while, afterward, again, and then, as long as, as soon as, at first, at last, at length, at that time, at the beginning, before, before long, earlier, eventually, finally, first, firstly, formerly, for the first time, further, in the end, in the first place, in the past, last, lately, later, meanwhile, meantime, next, now, presently, recently, second, secondly, shortly, simultaneously, soon, still, subsequently, the minute, the moment, then, third, thirdly, until, until now, when等。
Scientists understand how twins were born, now though, they are trying to explain how being half of the biological pair influences a twin's identity. They want to know why many identical twins make similar choices even when they don't leave near each other. For example, Jim Springer and Jim Louis are identical twins. They were separated when they were only 4 months old. The two Jims grew up in different families and did not meet for 39 years. When they finally met, they discovered some surprising similarities between them.（CET-4）
A It was terrible at first, especially getting up before dawn to catch that 6:30 train.（CET-4）
2 Well, first he acted in plays of high school, then he went to college in California where he got seriously into acting.（CET-6）
3 Data will be reviewed multiple times before being put into a database and will be analyzed in the second half of 2008.（TEM-4）
4 First of all, I'd say, if you study art history, this might be a good way to learn more about a culture than it's possible to learn in general history classes.（TEM-8）
5 In the end Ned lost his leg.（CET-4）
6 I think your boss would be very upset when he gets your letter of resignation.（CET-6）
7 Second, make sure you buy a good lock.（TEM-4）
8 Next time, we will discuss how to write up the introduction section.（TEM-8）
9 First, immediately leave the area if you recognize the signs of carbon monoxide poisoning in yourself or others.（VOA）
Chapter 02 表层次的连接词
above all, also, and, and then, at first, besides, equally important, finally, first, first of all, firstly, further, in addition, in the first place, last, last but not the least, moreover, next, second, secondly, still, third, thirdly, to begin with, to start with, too, what's more等。
Some students mark new vocabulary in a different color. Most students write questions or short notes in the margins. Marking a book is a useful skill, but it's important to do it right. First, read a chapter with one pen in your hand and others next to you on the desk. Second, read a whole paragraph before you mark anything. Don't mark too much. Usually you will mark about 10% of a passage. Third, decide on your own system for marking.（CET-4）
A Well, first of all, we need one complete new drawing board.（CET-4）
2 Besides these symptoms of altitude sickness, others such as headache and fatigue may also occur.（CET-6）
3 But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.（TEM-4）
4 It could also be used for housing, or it could be used for parks, you know.（TEM-8）
5 The arch can sway a bit in the winds, so you want to be prepared for that, too.（CNN）
6 In addition, he got a parking ticket—his first one ever in Greenville.（CET-4）
7 What's more, the study of language acquisition offers direct insight into how humans learn.（CET-6）
8 Finally, the good reader has in his command several special skills, which he can apply to reading problems as they occur.（TEM-4）
9 Besides, ideas are expressed in this art.（TEM-8）
J She is the current champion of all four of tennis' Grand Slams: the Australian Open, French Open, Wimbledon, and finally, the U.S. Open.（VOA）
Chapter 03 表强调的连接词
above all, absolutely, actually, anyway, as a matter of fact, certainly, clearly, in fact, in particular, in this case, indeed, most important, naturally, no doubt, obviously, of course, surely, that is to say等。
Then actually how many people speak English as either a first or a second language? Some researchers suggested a few years ago that between 320—380 million people spoke English as a first language, and anyway between 250—350 million as a second language. And of course, if we include people who are learning English as a foreign language all over the world, that number may increase dramatically. Then we may ask a question: how did English get there? That is, how did English gain the present status of popularity? There are in fact a number of interlocking reasons for the popularity of English as a lingua franca.（TEM-8）
1 I am getting absolutely nowhere with these statistics.（CET-4）
2 In fact, I believe that there may be some truths in the predictions this time around.（CET-6）
3 In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there are public libraries.（TEM-4）
4 So, Mr. West, what do people actually want from their jobs?（TEM-8）
5 They've certainly rattled some nerves and they question whether or not a bigger quake might be coming.（CNN）
6 Anyway, the news seems to be good for you.（CET-4）
7 Indeed, the risk would be too large for many people to live with...（CET-6）
8 Anyway, it's not the most important thing.（TEM-4）
9 There again, no method is absolutely effective in all situations.（TEM-8）
J There was clearly nothing to do but sit down and cry.（VOA）
Chapter 04 表转折的连接词
and yet, at the same time, but, by contrast, despite the fact that, even so, for all that, however, in contrast, in spite of, instead, instead of, nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, regardless, still, while, yet等。
Body language, especially gestures, varies among cultures. For example, a nod of the head means ''yes'' to most of us. But in Bulgaria and Greece a nod means ''no'' and a shake of the head means ''yes''. Likewise, a sign for OK, forming a circle with our forefinger and thumb, means zero in France and money in Japan. Waving or pointing to an Arab business person would be considered rude because that is how Arabs call their dogs over. Folded arms signal pride in Finland, but disrespect in Fiji. The number of bows that the Japanese exchange on greeting each other, as well as the length and the depth of the bows, signals the social status each party feels towards the other. Italians might think you're bored unless you use a lot of gestures during discussions. Many American men sit with their legs crossed with one ankle resting over the opposite knee. However, this would be considered an insult in Muslim countries, where one would never show the sole of the foot to a guest. Likewise, Americans consider eye contact very important, often not trusting someone who is afraid to look you in the eye. But in Japan and many Latin American countries, keeping the eyes lowered is a sign of respect. To look a partner full in the eye is considered a sign of ill breeding and is felt to be annoying. （CET-4）
1 The new office is huge, but the workload has doubled.（CET-4）
2 However, they managed to keep this room friendly and intimate.（CET-6）
3 Instead, you just need to review your marks and you can save a lot of time.（CET-4）
4 Another example is the pressure in a job can give some people incentive to work and excitement, but it still is stress.（TEM-8）
5 Well that sounds nice, but if you want to spend as much as she wants to, you can’t fix this problem from just taxing the rich alone. (VOA)
6 And by contrast, the loss of hope is turning out to be a stronger sign that a person may commit suicide than other factors long thought to be more likely risks.（CET-6）
7 I once intended to sell it, but now, I'm thinking of turning it into a guest house, because it's still a solid structure.（CET-6）
8 However, the promise is often broken quite quickly and people are back into their bad habits within weeks or days.（TEM-4）
9 Instead, we rely on our memory of events.（TEM-8）
J While Chinese grammar is much simpler, Chinese has a tone and writing system that is more difficult for adult learners to master.（VOA）
Chapter 05 表列举的连接词
for example, for instance, for one thing, such as, that is, to illustrate, like等。
Fortunately, there were usually no murders in Green Ville. Crimes against property make up most of Miss Heyes' reporting. They range from minor cases of deliberate damaging of things to much more serious offenses, such as car accidents involving drunk drivers or bank robberies, but Florence has to report all of these violations from the thief who took typewriters from every unlock room in the dormitory to the thief who stole one million dollars worth of art work from the university museum.（CET-6）
1 For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to the proverb "Haste makes waste", because patience is not important to them.（CET-4）
2 For instance, witnesses sometimes see photographs of several suspects before they try to identify the person they saw in a lineup of people.（CET-6）
3 Can you also learn other skills, such as parliamentary procedures or being master of ceremonies?（TEM-8）
4 A third is certain basic chemicals, such as carbon, oxygen and nitrogen.（CET-4）
5 Security remains a top priority in countries such as Iraq, where there have been instances of workers being kidnapped.（TEM-4）
6 For instance, there is the traditional method.（TEM-8）
7 In China, for example, there is a "Christmas Village", with many signs of the holiday.（VOA）
Chapter 06 表因果的连接词
accordingly, as, as a consequence, as a result, as the result of, because, because of, consequently, due to, for, hence, in this way, on that account, on this account, owing to, since, so, thanks to, therefore, thus等。
Since a union representative visited our company to inform us about our rights and protections. My coworkers have been worrying about health conditions and complaining about safety hazards in the workplace. Several of the employees in the computer department, for example, claim to be developing vision problems from having to stare at a video display terminal for about 7 hours a day. The supervisor of the laboratory is beginning to get headaches and dizzy spells because she says it's dangerous to breathe some of the chemical smoke there. （CET-4）
1 As a result of the committee's conclusion, the branch manager Mr. David Rossi reported that he had talked with McLaughlin about his extremely poor driving record.（CET-4）
2 Because of her efforts, dozens of toxic sites across the country have been cleaned up...（CET-6）
3 So, I think our company should move to the country.（TEM-4）
4 As people from tribal societies move to urban areas, their values and beliefs change accordingly and their traditional art forms begin to lose their function.（TEM-8）
5 Sea levels changed primarily because of two main factors.（CNN）
6 For Hollywood kids, life can be difficult because they grow up in such an unreal atmosphere.（CET-4）
7 He ended up in hospital due to a block in his artery.（CET-6）
8 I mean, they swamped because there is far too much unnecessary tourism and so on.（TEM-8）
9 Uh, since the environment helps in the creative process, are there ways for people to build a better, more creative brain?（TEM-8）
J I come here because I'm from a small town.（VOA）
Chapter 07 表解释的连接词
as a matter of fact, frankly speaking, in other words, in this case, namely, that is, that is to say, that is why等。
试读结束[说明：试读内容隐藏了图片]