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浙江工商大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解试读：
2011年浙江工商大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解
I. Vocabulary and Structure (每小题0.5分，共30分) (60 minutes)
Directions: There are 60 sentences in this part. Complete them by choosing the best from the four alternatives. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.
1．Her interest in redecorating the big house kept her _____ for a whole week.
A. constrained
B. dominated
C. restricted
D. occupied【答案】D【解析】句意：她热衷于重新装饰这所大房子，为此她整整忙活了一周。occupy使忙碌。constrain限制；束缚。dominate控制；支配。restrict限制。
2．The manager gave her his ____ that her complaint would be investigated.
A. assurance
B. assumption
C. sanction
D. insurance【答案】A【解析】句意：经理向她保证，她的投诉会被调查。assurance保证，担保。assumption假定；设想。sanction制裁。insurance保险。
3．The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _____ up to half will be from overseas.
A. in which
B. for whom
C. with which
D. of whom【答案】D【解析】句意：那门课程每学年通常会吸引二十名学生选修，他们中有一半是留学生。whom 指代前一小句的宾语students, 所以用宾格。他们中的，所以用of whom。因此本题的正确答案为D。
4．Once you get to know your mistakes, you should ____ them as soon as possible.
A. rectify
B. reclaim
C. refrain
D. reckon【答案】A【解析】句意：一旦你知道了错误，你应该尽快改正。rectify改正。reclaim抗议，喊叫。refrain克制。reckon估计；猜想。
5．His remarks left me_____ about his real purpose.
A. wondered
B. wonder
C. to wonder
D. wondering【答案】D【解析】句意：他的话让我开始怀疑他的真实意图。本题考查固定用法，leave sb. doing，意为“让某人一直在做某事”，故应选D。
6．He wouldn’t answer the reporter’s questions, nor would he ____ for a photograph.
A. summon
B. highlight
C. pose
D. marshal【答案】C【解析】句意：他不会回答记者的问题，也不会摆姿势让他们照相。pose摆姿势。summon召唤。highlight突出；强调。marshal整理；引领。
7．Although they plant trees in this area every year, the tops of some hills are still _____.
A. blank
B. hollow
C. vacant
D. bare【答案】D【解析】句意：尽管他们每年都在这个地区种树，但有些山顶仍是光秃秃的。bare空的；赤裸的。blank空白的。hollow中空的。vacant空虚的；空缺的。
8．If you don’t ____ the children properly, they’ll just run riot.
A. mobilize
B. warrant
C. manipulate
D. supervise【答案】D【解析】句意：如果你不适当管一下孩子，他们就会变野。supervise监督，管理。mobilize动员。warrant担保。manipulate操纵。
9．When people become unemployed, it is_____ which is often worse than lack of wages.
A. laziness
B. poverty
C. idleness
D. inability【答案】C【解析】句意：当人们失业时，无所事事比没有工资更糟糕。idleness闲散。laziness怠惰。poverty贫困。inability无能力。
10．A human’s eyesight is not as ____ as that of an eagle.
A. eccentric
B. acute
C. sensible
D. sensitive【答案】B【解析】句意：人的视力没有鹰的视力那么敏锐。acute敏锐的，尖锐的。eccentric古怪的。sensible明智的。sensitive敏感的，易受伤害的。
11．This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen_____ comfortably.
A. is worn
B. wears
C. wearing
D. are worn【答案】B【解析】句意：这种由经验丰富的制造商生产的眼镜戴起来很舒服。当不及物动词与副词连用，表示主语性格特征的时候，使用主动语态表示被动含义。本句中的动词wear与副词comfortably连用表示这种眼镜的特点，故应选B。
12．Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other _____.
A. drawbacks
B. handicaps
C. bruises
D. blunders【答案】A【解析】句意：许多纯金属的用处不大，因为它们太软，太容易生锈，或者有其他的缺点。drawback缺点；弊端。handicap障碍。bruise擦伤。blunder大错。
13．We agreed to accept_____ they thought was the best tourist guide.
A. whatever
B. whomever
C. whichever
D. whoever【答案】D【解析】句意：我们同意接受他们认为是最好导游的人。从句中缺少主语，主句中缺少宾语，又表示人，故只能选D。
14．Military orders are ____ and can’t be disobeyed.
A. defective
B. conservative
C. alternative
D. imperative【答案】D【解析】句意：军事命令是必须遵守的，不能违抗。imperative必要的；命令的。defective有缺陷的。conservative保守的。alternative供选择的。
15．It is our_____ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.
A. consistent
B. continuous
C. considerate
D. continual【答案】A【解析】句意：我们的一贯方针是，通过和平手段实现团结。consistent始终如一的；坚持的。continuous连续的，持续的。considerate体贴的。continual持续不断的。
16．Several guests were waiting in the ____ for the front door to open.
A. porch
B. vent
C. inlet
D. entry【答案】A【解析】句意：几位客人在门廊前等着开门。porch门廊；走廊。vent风；空气。inlet入口，进口。entry进入；入口。
17．Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful ____ it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes and behaviors.
A. by which
B. to which
C. in that
D. so that【答案】C【解析】句意：尽管许多人把冲突看成是有害的，但冲突有时是有利的，因为它能迫使人们去检验自身观念和行为的相应优缺点。in that意为“因为；由于”，故应选C。
18．The toy maker produces a ____ copy of the space station, exact in every detail.
A. minimal
B. minimum
C. miniature
D. minor【答案】C【解析】句意：这家玩具制造商生产了一份空间站的微型复制品，每一个细节都是精确的。miniature微型的，小规模的。minimal最低的。minimum最小的；最低的。minor次要的。
19．The director was critical_____ the way we were doing the work.
A. at
B. in
C. of
D. with【答案】C【解析】句意：主任对我们的工作方式很不满。本题考查固定搭配，be critical of意为“对……不满”。
20．They have decided to ____ physical punishment in all local schools.
A. put away
B. break away from
C. do away with
D. pass away【答案】C【解析】句意：他们已经决定废除所有当地学校的体罚。do away with废除。put away放好。break away from放弃。pass away去世。
21．In Britain people_____ four million tons of potatoes every year.
A. swallow
B. dispose
C. consume
D. exhaust【答案】C【解析】句意：在英国，人们每年消耗400万吨土豆。consume消耗，消费。swallow吞下。dispose处理。exhaust排出；耗尽。
22．All the ceremonies at the Olympic Games had a unique flavor, ____ of their multicultural communities.
A. noticeable
B. indicative
C. conspicuous
D. implicit【答案】B【解析】句意：奥运会的所有仪式都有一种独特的风貌，充分展现了多元文化的特点。indicative象征的；指示的。noticeable显而易见的。conspicuous显著的。implicit含蓄的；暗示的。
23．I’d_____ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.
A. take into account
B. account for
C. make up for
D. make out【答案】A【解析】句意：我想考虑他与社区其他农民以及商人之间交往的名声之后再决定是否同意为他提供货款。take into account考虑。account for说明；解释。make up for补偿，弥补。make out理解；辨认出。
24．I bought an alarm clock with a(n) ____ dial, which can be seen clearly in the dark.
A. supersonic
B. luminous
C. audible
D. amplified【答案】B【解析】句意：我买了一个带夜光钟面的闹钟，在黑暗中也可以看得很清楚。luminous发光的；明亮的。supersonic超声波的。audible可听到的。amplified放大的。
25．A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough_____.
A. nuisance
B. trouble
C. worry
D. anxiety【答案】A【解析】句意：许多蚂蚁总是入侵我的厨房，它们十分讨人厌。nuisance令人讨厌的东西。trouble麻烦。worry担心。anxiety焦虑。
26．She had recently left a job and had helped herself to copies of client data, which she intended to ____ in starting her own business.
A. dwell on
B. come upon
C. base on
D. draw upon【答案】D【解析】句意：她最近辞职了，复制了那家公司的客户名单，她打算利用这个客户名单来开展自己的业务。draw upon利用。dwell on详述；细想。come upon偶遇。base on基于。
27．Some women _____ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.
A. must make
B. should have made
C. would make
D. could have made【答案】D【解析】句意：有些女人本来可以出去工作拿高薪的，不必窝在家里，但是她们却为了家庭而毅然决定放弃工作。could have done意为“本可以做，但却没做”，故应选D。
28．Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body’s need for it from natural sources without turning _____ the salt bottle.
A. to
B. over
C. on
D. up【答案】A【解析】句意：我们吃的、喝的东西中都含有一些盐分；我们可以通过自然资源满足身体对于盐的需求，而不需要依赖盐瓶。turn to求助于。turn over移交给；翻阅。turn on打开。turn up出现。
29．Movie directors use music to _____ the action on the screen.
A. contaminate
B. compliment
C. contemplate
D. complement【答案】D【解析】句意：电影导演用音乐来使屏幕上的动作更加完美。complement补足；使相配；使完美。contaminate污染。compliment称赞。contemplate沉思。
30．He always did well at school _____ having to do part-time jobs every now and then.
A. in case of
B. in spite of
C. regardless of
D. on account of【答案】B【解析】句意：他在学校里的表现很好，尽管时不时地需要做一些兼职。in spite of尽管。in case of万一。regardless of不顾，不管。on account of由于。
31．Some people think that a _____ translation, or word-for-word translation, is easier than a free translation.
A. literal
B. literary
C. liberal
D. linear【答案】A【解析】句意：有些人认为，直译或逐字翻译，比意译更容易。literal逐字的。literary文字的。liberal自由的。linear直线的。
32．All the key words in the article are printed in _____ type so as to attract readers’ attention.
A. dark
B. bold
C. dense
D. black【答案】B【解析】句意：文章中所有的关键词都以粗体显示，以吸引读者的注意。bold粗体的。dark黑暗的，深色的。dense稠密的；浓厚的。black黑色的。
33．Mary once _____ with another musician to compose a piece of pop music.
A. merged
B. collaborated
C. coincided
D. constituted【答案】B【解析】句意：玛丽曾经和另一位音乐家一起谱曲，创作了一段流行音乐。collaborate合作。merge合并。coincide一致；同时发生。constitute组成。
34．Agriculture was a step in human progress _____ which subsequently there was not anything comparable until our own machine age.
A. to
B. in
C. for
D. from【答案】A【解析】句意：农业是人类进步中的一大步，随后在我们的机器时代到来之前，没有任何东西可以与之相比。本题考查固定搭配，be comparable to意为“比得上……的”，故应选A。
35．He attends to the_____ of important business himself.
A. transaction
B. transition
C. transmission
D. transformation【答案】A【解析】句意：他亲自料理重要的生意。transaction交易；事务。transition过渡；转变。transmission传递。transformation转换。
36．When I try to understand_____ that prevent so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.
A. why it does
B. what it does
C. what it is
D. why it is【答案】C【解析】句意：当我试图弄明白是什么阻止了如此多的美国人像人们期望的那样快乐的时候，在我看来，有两个原因。从句中缺少主语，故应选C。
37．We rarely perceive more than a minute_____ of the sights and sounds that fall upon our sense organs; the great majority pass us by.
A. fiction
B. function
C. fraction
D. friction【答案】C【解析】句意：我们很少能察觉到超过我们感官器官之外的视觉以及声音的微小部分；绝大多数都是悄无声息地从我们身边经过。fraction小部分。fiction小说。function功能。friction摩擦。
38．The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, _____ all practical value by the time they were finished.
A. had lost
B. would have lost
C. would lose
D. should have lost【答案】B【解析】句意：涉及到的数以百万计的计算，如果是手工完成的，那么在完成的时候它们就会失去所有的实用价值。本题考查虚拟语气，与过去情况相反，主句用would have done， 因此本题的正确答案为B。
39．Although it was his first experience as chairman, he _____ over the meeting with great skill.
A. presided
B. administered
C. mastered
D. executed【答案】A【解析】句意：尽管这是他作为主席的第一次经历，但他还是以高超的技巧主持了这次会议。preside主持。administer管理。master控制；精通。execute实行；执行。
40．Only a selected number of landladies in the neighborhood have been allowed by the university to take in _____.
A. residents
B. lodgers
C. settlers
D. inhabitants【答案】B【解析】句意：这所学校只允许小区里的几位女房东接收房客。lodger房客；寄宿人。resident居民。settler移居者。inhabitant居民。
41．How is it _____ your roommate’s request and yours are identical?
A. if
B. so
C. what
D. that【答案】D【解析】句意：为什么你室友的要求和你的要求完全相同？本题考查固定句型，How is it that…，意为“……是怎么回事？”，故应选D。
42．If you want to get into that tunnel, you first have to _____ away all the rocks.
A. haul
B. transfer
C. repel
D. dispose【答案】A【解析】句意：如果你想要进入那个隧道，你首先得把所有的岩石都拖走。haul拖运。transfer转让；转移。repel击退；抵制。dispose处理。
43．Improved consumer confidence is _____ to an economic recovery.
A. crucial
B. subordinate
C. cumulative
D. satisfactory【答案】A【解析】句意：消费者信心的改善对经济复苏至关重要。crucial重要的。subordinate从属的。cumulative累积的。satisfactory满意的。
44．The damage to the car was _____; therefore, he could repair it himself.
A. considerable
B. appreciable
C. negligible
D. invisible【答案】C【解析】句意：这辆车的损坏是可以忽略的，因此他可以自己修理。negligible微不足道的，可以忽略的。considerable相当大的。appreciable可感知的。invisible无形的。
45．Both parties promised to _____ the contract to be signed the following day.
A. keep with
B. tangle with
C. adhere to
D. devote to【答案】C【解析】句意：双方承诺遵守第二天即将签订的合同。adhere to坚持；拥护。keep with陪伴。tangle with争吵。devote to致力于。
46．Fifty years ago, wealthy people liked hunting wild animals for fun _____ sightseeing.
A. rather than to go
B. more than going
C. other than going
D. than to go【答案】C【解析】句意：五十年前，富人们除了欣赏风景还喜欢猎取野兽。other than意为“除了……以外”，其后接going与前面hunting的形式保持一致。rather than意为“与其……不如，不是……而是”，前后的形式应保持一致。因此本题的正确答案为C。
47．The Space Age _____ in October 1957 when the first artificial satellite was launched by the Soviet Union.
A. initiated
B. originated
C. embarked
D. commenced【答案】D【解析】句意：太空时代始于1957年10月，当时苏联发射了第一颗人造卫星。commence重大的事件及历史时期的开始。initiate创始；发起。originate起源于。embark从事，着手。
48．Extensive reporting on television has helped to_____ interest in a wide variety of sports and activities.
A. assemble
B. generate
C. yield
D. gather【答案】B【解析】句意：大量的电视报道有助于人们对各种各样的体育活动产生兴趣。本题考查固定搭配，generate interest意为“产生兴趣”，故应选B。
49．John said that he didn’t quite_____ and asked me to repeat what I had said.
A. snatch up
B. summon up
C. catch on
D. watch out【答案】C【解析】句意：约翰说他不太明白，要求我重复我说过的话。catch on理解，明白。snatch up夺取，抓起。summon up鼓起，唤起。watch out小心。
50．He wasn’t appointed chairman of the committee, _____ not very popular with all its members.
A. considering
B. being considered
C. to be considered
D. having considered【答案】B【解析】句意：他并没有被任命为委员会主席，因为他在所有成员中不是很受欢迎。动词-ing形式作原因状语，he和consider之间为被动关系，故用被动形式，因此本题的正确答案为B。
51．Satellite communications are so up to date that even when_____ in the middle of the Pacific, businessmen can contact their offices as if they were next door.
A. gliding
B. cruising
C. piloting
D. patrolling【答案】B【解析】句意：到目前为止，卫星通信是如此的先进，以至于即使是在太平洋中部巡航，商人们也可以与其办公室人员进行联系，仿佛办公室就在隔壁。cruise巡航，巡游。glide滑翔。pilot驾驶；领航。patrol巡逻。
52．During the construction of skyscrapers, cranes are used to_____ building materials to the upper floors.
A. toss
B. tow
C. hoist
D. hurl【答案】C【解析】句意：在摩天大楼的建设过程中，起重机用于将建筑材料吊到楼上。hoist（用绳索、起重机等）使升起。toss投掷。tow拖；牵引。hurl猛投。
53．Since the two countries couldn’t_____ their differences, they decided to stop their negotiations.
A. rectify
B. oblige
C. reconcile
D. obscure【答案】C【解析】句意：由于两国无法调和分歧，他们决定停止谈判。reconcile调停；调解。rectify改正。oblige迫使；强制。obscure掩盖；隐藏。
54．Mike just discovered that his passport had_____ three months ago.
A. abolished
B. expired
C. amended
D. constrained【答案】B【解析】句意：迈克刚刚发现他的护照在三个月前过期了。expire期满；终止。abolish废除。amend修改。constrain约束。
55．Attempts to persuade him to stay after she felt insulted were_____ .
A. in no way
B. on the contrary
C. at a loss
D. of no avail【答案】D【解析】句意：在她感到受到侮辱之后，试图劝说她留下来的努力无济于事。本题考查固定搭配，be of no avail意为“白费”，故应选D。
56．We’d like to _____ a table for five for dinner this evening.
A. preserve
B. reserve
C. retain
D. sustain【答案】B【解析】句意：我们想订一张今晚五人晚餐的桌子。reserve预订。preserve保护。retain保留。sustain维持。
57．By signing the lease we made a _____ to pay a rent of $150 a week.
A. conception
B. commission
C. commitment
D. confinement【答案】C【解析】句意：通过签租约，我承诺每周付租金150美元。commitment承诺，保证。conception概念。commission佣金。confinement限制；监禁。
58．In fact, Peter would rather have left for San Francisco than_____ in New York.
A. to stay
B. stayed
C. staying
D. stay【答案】D【解析】句意：事实上，彼得宁愿去旧金山，也不愿留在纽约。本题考查固定用法，would rather do…than do…，意为“宁愿做……，也不愿做……”，故应选D。
59．The doctor doesn’t _____ that he will live much longer.
A. articulate
B. anticipate
C. manifest
D. monitor【答案】B【解析】句意：医生没有预料到他会活那么久。anticipate预料。articulate说清楚。manifest证明，表明。monitor监控。
60．Britain has the highest _____ of road traffic in the world -- over 60 cars for every mile of road.
A. popularity
B. density
C. intensity
D. prosperity【答案】B【解析】句意：英国拥有世界上最拥堵的道路交通，路上每英里有60多辆车。density密度。popularity普及，流行。intensity强度。prosperity繁荣。
II. Reading Comprehension (共40分) (60 minutes)
Section A: Multiple Choice （每小题1分，共20分）
Directions: Read the following 4 passages and complete the statements after them by choosing the best from the four alternatives. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
The concept of norms is important in two respects in linguistic approaches to translation. On the one hand, they are concerned with the linguistic norms of the two languages, i.e. how to produce utterances and texts that are correct according to the respective rules and norms. On the other hand, the relations and regularities between the two linguistic systems that were discovered on the basis of contrastive analyses were “translated” into guidelines or rules for the translator, mostly with prescriptive intent (cf. frequently encountered formulations such as “translators must not…, should …” etc.). Translation procedures and similar guidelines, however, were formulated in a rather general way and gave the impression that they are applicable throughout. A chosen target language form may well be correct according to the rules of the language system, but this does not necessarily mean that the text as a whole appropriately fulfils its communicative function in the target language situation and culture. Since we do not translate words or grammatical forms, but texts with a specific communicative function, the limitations of a narrow linguistic approach soon became obvious. Thus, a logical development was that in the 1970s, the insights and approaches of text-linguistics, a new (sub-) discipline of (applied) linguistics, were adopted in translation studies. Thus, regularities of the text itself, of the genre, and of the context were given more consideration.
61．The belief that to translate is to produce utterances and texts that are correct according to the respective rules and norms implies that _____.
A. translation is only a matter of language transferring according to the respective language norms
B. language is a norm-governed system
C. translation is possible with the guidelines of rules and norms
D. language rules and norms are completely equivalent in the two languages
62．The author’s attitude towards “prescriptive intent” (line 6) is _____.
A. approval
B. disapproval
C. satisfying
D. unpleasant
63．The choosing of a target language form depends on _____.
A. whether it is correct in terms of the target language norms
B. whether it can make the translation sound coherent
C. whether it is equivalent to the source language form
D. whether it can meet the purpose of the source writer
64．“A narrow linguistic approach” refers to _____.
A. the translation approach concerning only parts of language aspects
B. the translation approach only concerning the language forms
C. the translation approaching theme in a narrow sense
D. a narrow sense of translation
65．The purpose of the passage is to show _____.
A. translation is a language norm-governed process
B. communicative function should be the main concern in translating
C. the academic development of translation studies
D. other aspects except language norms such as genre and context are also important【答案与解析】
61．B 由文中的they are concerned with the linguistic norms of the two languages可知，语言是一个规范的系统，故应选B。
62．B 由文中的Translation procedures and similar guidelines, however, were formulated in a rather general way and gave the impression that they are applicable throughout可知，翻译步骤和类似的指导方针是用一种相当普遍的方式来制定的，人们认为它们在整个过程中都是适用的，故可知作者对prescriptive intent即指定性意图是持反对态度的。
63．D 由文中的but this does not necessarily mean that the text as a whole appropriately fulfils its communicative function in the target language situation and culture可知，目标语言形式的选择取决于它是否能满足源语言的语言形式，故可推断出D为正确答案。
64．B A narrow linguistic approach之前讲的都是language forms，由此可推断出其指的是“仅仅只关注语言形式的翻译方法”，故应选B。
65．D 由文章最后一句可知，文本自身、体裁以及上下文的规律得到了更多的重视，故可推断出本篇文章的目的是想说明除语言规范之外的其他方面也很重要。
Passage 2
Philosophy, like all other studies, aims primarily at knowledge. The knowledge it aims at is the kind of knowledge which gives unity and system to the body of the sciences, and the kind which results from a critical examination of the grounds of our convictions, prejudices, and beliefs. But it cannot be maintained that philosophy has had any very great measure of success in its attempts to provide definite answers to its questions. If you ask a mathematician, a mineralogist, a historian, or any other man of learning, what definite body of truths has been ascertained by his science, his answer will last as long as you are willing to listen. But if you put the same question to a philosopher, he will, if he is candid, have to confess that his study has not achieved positive results such as have been achieved by other sciences. It is true that this is partly accounted for by the fact that, as soon as definite knowledge concerning any subject becomes possible, this subject ceases to be called philosophy, and becomes a separate science. The whole study of the heavens, which now belongs to astronomy, was once included in philosophy; Newton’s great work was called “the mathematical principles of natural philosophy”. Similarly, the study of the human mind, which was a part of philosophy, has now been separated from philosophy and has become the science of psychology. Thus, to a great extent, the uncertainty of philosophy is more apparent than real: those questions which are already capable of definite answers are placed in the sciences, while those only to which, at present, no definite answer can be given, remain to form the residue which is called philosophy.
This is, however, only a part of the truth concerning the uncertainty of philosophy. There are many questions—and among them those that are of the profoundest interest to our spiritual life—which, so far as we can see, must remain insoluble to the human intellect unless its powers become of quite a different order for what they are now. Has the universe any unity of plan or purpose, or is it a fortuitous concourse of atoms? Is consciousness a permanent part of the universe, giving hope of indefinite growth in wisdom, or is it a transitory accident on a small planet on which life must ultimately become impossible? Are good and evil of importance to the universe or only to man? Such questions are asked by philosophy, and variously answered by various philosophers. But it would seem that, whether answers are otherwise discoverable or not, the answers suggested by philosophy are none of them demonstrably true. Yet, however slight may be the hope of discovering an answer, it is part of the business of philosophy to continue the consideration of such questions, to make us aware of their importance, to examine all the approaches to them, and to keep alive that speculative interest in the universe which is apt to be killed by confining ourselves to definitely ascertainable knowledge.
66．The writer intends to show _____.
A. the philosophy’s differences from other sciences
B. the philosophy’s interest in the nature of universe
C. the uncertain nature of philosophy
D. the functions of the uncertain philosophy
试读结束[说明：试读内容隐藏了图片]