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武汉科技大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解试读：
2015年武汉科技大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Grammar (20 points, 1 point for each)
Directions: There are 20 statements in this section. After each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Select the only one choice that best completes the statement. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
1. Parents often faced the ______between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness.
A. paradox
B. junction
C. dilemma
D. premise【答案】C【解析】句意：家长们常常在他们认为对孩子发展有利的事情上和他们所能忍受的无纪律的噪音和破坏之间面临两难的境地。dilemma“困境；进退两难”，用于表示在两者之间难以抉择的局面。paradox“悖论；自相矛盾的话”。junction“连接；交叉点”。premise“前提”。
2. Tom’s mother tried hard to persuade him to______ from his intention to invest his savings in stock market.
A. pull out
B. give up
C. draw in
D. back down【答案】D【解析】句意：汤姆的母亲极力劝说他让他放弃把存款投进股市的念头。back down“放弃；让步”。pull out“离开；拔出”。give up“放弃；交出”。draw in“（汽车、火车）进站；吸引”。back down和give up均有“放弃”之意：back down后需跟介词from表示放弃做某事；而give up可直接跟名词或动名词表示放弃做某事。因此，本题选择D项。
3. Being somewhat short-sighted, she had the habit of ______ at people.
A. glancing
B. peering
C. gazing
D. scanning【答案】B【解析】句意：由于有点近视，她有盯着人看的习惯。gaze“凝视；注视”。glance“扫视；匆匆一瞥”。peer“凝视；盯着看”。scan“扫描；浏览”。peer at和gaze at都有“凝视”的意思：peer at指眯着眼睛仔细地或略为吃力地看。gaze at指出于羡慕、感兴趣、关心或惊异而长时间目不转睛地看。这里表示她因近视而长时间盯着人看的行为，因此选择B项。
4. An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to ______ further research and further thinking about a particular topic.
A. stimulate
B. renovate
C. arouse
D. advocate【答案】A【解析】句意：科学理论的一个重要特性是它能够激起对某一话题的进一步研究和思考。stimulate“刺激；激励”。renovate“翻新；更新”。arouse“唤醒；引起”。advocate“提倡，主张”。stimulate和arouse均有“激起”之意：stimulate表示促进某事物的开始或进一步发展；而arouse则表示激起某种情感。此处stimulate更符合语境，因此选A项。
5. Please do not be ______ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.
A. disregarded
B. distorted
C. irritated
D. intervened【答案】C【解析】句意：请不要因为他的无礼而生气，他不过是想引起别人的注意。irritated“恼怒的，生气的”。disregarded“无视的，不理会的”。distorted“歪曲的；受到曲解的”。intervened“被干涉的”。
6. Craig assured his boss that he would ______ all his energies in doing this new job.
A. call forth
B. call at
C. call on
D. call off【答案】A【解析】句意：克雷格向他的老板保证他会将全身精力投入到这项新工作中。call forth“唤起，引起，使起作用”。call at“拜访，访问；（车、船）停靠”。call on“拜访（某人）；号召”。call off“取消；转移注意力”。
7. In my opinion, you can widen the______ of these improvements through your active participation.
A. dimension
B. volume
C. magnitude
D. scope【答案】D【解析】句意：在我看来，通过你的积极参与，你能扩大这些改进措施的范围。scope“范围；眼界”。dimension“尺寸；规模”。volume“体积；容量”。magnitude“大小；重要性”。scope和dimension均有“范围”的意思：scope特指抽象上的范围；而dimension则指具体地范围，如尺寸等。此处scope更符合语境，因此选D项。
8. The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her ______ attitude toward customers.
A. impartial
B. mild
C. hostile
D. opposing【答案】C【解析】句意：经理责备地看了一眼一个女售货员，因为她对顾客的态度很不友好。hostile“敌对的；怀有敌意的”。impartial“公平的，公正的”。mild“温和的，柔和的”。opposing“反对的；相对的”。
9. Their demand for a pay raise has not the slightest _______ of being met.
A. prospect
B. prediction
C. prosperity
D. permission【答案】A【解析】句意：他们提出涨工资的要求没有一点儿实现的可能。prospect“预期；可能”。prediction“预报，预言”。prosperity“繁荣，兴旺”。permission“允许，同意”。这里prospect of表示“……的可能性”。
10. The girl was so ______ that they could fool her easily.
A. incredible
B. credible
C. credulous
D. creditable【答案】C【解析】句意：这个女孩很容易轻信别人，经常被他们戏弄。credulous“轻信的；易受骗的”。incredible“难以置信的；惊人的”。credible“可信的，可靠的”。creditable“声誉好的，值得称赞的”。
11. The equipment ______ out of order, the production is made almost impossible.
A. is
B. being
C. was
D. is to be【答案】B【解析】句意：设备出现故障，几乎不能进行生产了。本句考查独立主格结构，独立主格结构多由名词或代词加上非谓语动词（不定式、现在分词、过去分词）构成，在句中充当状语成分，由逗号与主句隔开。本题中独立主格的非谓语动词只有B项现在分词being符合，所以选择B项。
12. All things ______ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.
A. had been canceled
B. have been canceled
C. were canceled
D. having been canceled【答案】D【解析】句意：由于暴风雪，所有的行程都被取消了，许多乘客不得不乘坐火车。本句考查非谓语动词的现在完成时，现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，根据题意暴风雪造成行程被取消，所以应用现在完成时的被动态，四个选项中只有选项D是非谓语动词，因此本题选D项。
13. The man in the corner confessed to ______ a lie to the manager of the company.
A. have told
B. be told
C. being told
D. having told【答案】D【解析】句意：角落里的那个男人承认他对公司的经理撒谎了。本句考查动词confess的用法，confess to加名词或动词的ing形式表示承认做了某事，这里to为介词。因为说谎是主动的行为，所以本题选D项。
14. The physicist has made a discovery, ______ of great importance to the progress of science and technology.
A. I think which is
B. that I think is
C. which I think is
D. which I think it is【答案】C【解析】句意：这个物理学家有了一个新发现，我认为这对于科学技术的进步具有很大意义。本句考查非限制性定语从句，is of great importance to the progress of science and technology是修饰a discovery的非限制性定语从句。从句中缺少一个主语，则用关系代词which引导，且放从句句首，从句中I think是插入语，不影响从句结构，因此本题选C项。
15. After ______ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager’s office.
A. that
B. there
C. what
D. it【答案】C【解析】句意：在看似无尽的等待之后，终于轮到了她进入人事经理的办公室。本句考查由what引导的宾语从句，介词after之后缺少宾语，而seemed an endless wait缺少一个主语，what在这里既引导了after后的宾语从句，又在从句中充当主语的成分。因此本题选C项。
16. Fat can’t change into muscle ______ muscle changes into fat.
A. any more than
B. no more than
C. no less than
D. much more than【答案】A【解析】句意：脂肪不能转变成肌肉，正如同肌肉不能转变成脂肪。not… any more than…“正像……一样也不……；不过，仅仅”。no more than“仅仅，不过；同……一样不”。no less than“不少于，多达”。much more than“远远超过，不仅仅……”。not… any more than和no more than表达的意思相同，但句子中can’t存在否定词not，所以不能再用no more than，故应选A项。
17. If you have really been studying English for so long, it’s about time you _____ able to write letters in English.
A. should be
B. were
C. must be
D. are【答案】B【解析】句意：如果这么久以来你真的都在学习英语，那么你是时候可以用英文写信了。本句考查it’s about/high time，意为“是时候做……了”，其后的从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词要用一般过去时。因此本题选B项。
18. _____ the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.
A. In case of
B. In spite of
C. Because of
D. But for【答案】D【解析】句意：要不是因为洪水，船早就按时抵达了目的地。but for要不是；如果没有，用于虚拟语气。in case of假设；如果发生。in spite of尽管，不顾。because of因为，由于。根据“the ship would have reached its destination on time”可推断出这是对过去的虚拟，因此本题应选D项。
19. They are considering _____ before the prices go up.
A. of buying the house
B. with buying the house
C. buying the house
D. to buy the house【答案】C【解析】句意：他们正在考虑在房价上涨之前买套房。consider用作及物动词“考虑”时，其后可接名词、代词、动名词等。因此本题选C项。
20. We suggested _____ in hotels but the children were anxious _____ out.
A. sleeping...to camp
B. sleeping...camping
C. to sleep...to camp
D. to sleep...camping【答案】A【解析】句意：我们建议在酒店睡觉，但是孩子们迫切地想在野外露营。suggest doing sth.表示“建议做某事”。be anxious to do sth.表示“急于、渴望做某事”。因此本题选A项。
Part Ⅱ Error Correction (10 points, 1 point for each)
Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You are required to change a word, add a word or delete a word. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet. If you change a word, cross it and put your word in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet. Remember to write the correct number beside each blank on the answer sheet.【答案与解析】
21. for→against
(根据句意，是与埃博拉进行斗争，battle后应接against表示“与…的斗争”，所以应该将介词for改为against。)
22. sending→send
(根据句意，移动电话作为设备可用于传送信息。be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”，此处应用动词原形，所以将sending改为send。)
23. informations→information
(information用作“信息”时为不可数名词，所以应该将informations改为information。)
24. because∧the→of
(because作为连词，其后应跟句子，而这里because后面是名词the data，所以应该在because后面增加of。because of作介词“因为；由于”，其后可跟名词。)
25. or→and
(根据句意，手机公司利用电话数据记录来管理他们的网络，并且向顾客收费。这里表示的是并列的关系，而非选择的关系，所以应将or改为and。)
26. calling→called
(这里calling表示的是主动的含义，但其前的名词the number是无生命体，不能发出拨打电话的动作，因此应将calling改为called，表示被拨打的电话号码。)
27. which→where
(根据句意，公司收集的其他数据能够识别出手机的位置，尽管手机没有被使用。因此将which改为where。)
28. away→out
(根据句意，手机不断地发出信号以便于获悉其位置。send away是“派遣；开除”的意思。send out表示“发送，发出”。因此将away改为out。)
29. gone→been
(根据句意，基于人们过去的行踪，电话数据记录可以使流行病学家们知道人们去过哪里。have gone to表示“去了某地还未回来”。have been to则表示“去过某地已经回来”。这里应将gone改为been。)
30. have→has
(当动名词作主语时，其谓语动词应该用单数形式，所以应将have改为has。)
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 points, 2 point for each)
Directions: Read the following passages and answer the questions. Choose the most appropriate answer for each question and circle the letter on the answer sheet. Remember to write the letter corresponding to the question number.
Questions 31-35 are based on the following passage:
The Alaska pipeline starts at the frozen edge of the Arctic Ocean. It stretches southward across the largest and northernmost state in the United States, ending at a remote ice-free seaport village nearly 800 miles from where it begins. It is massive in size and extremely complicated to operate.
The steel pipe crosses windswept plains and endless miles of delicate tundra(冻土带) that tops the frozen ground. It weaves through crooked canyons, climbs sheer mountains, plunges over rocky crags, makes its way through thick forests, and passes over or under hundreds of rivers and streams. The pipe is 4 feet in diameter, and up to 2 million barrels (or 84 million gallons) of crude oil can be pumped through it daily.
Resting on H-shaped steel racks called “bents,” long sections of the pipeline follow a zigzag course high above the frozen earth. Other long sections drop out of sight beneath spongy or rocky ground and return to the surface later on. The pattern of the pipeline’s up-and-down route is determined by the often harsh demands of the arctic and subarctic climate, the tortuous lay of the land, and the varied compositions of soil, rock, or permafrost (permanently frozen ground). A little more than half of the pipeline is elevated above the ground. The remainder is buried anywhere from 3 to 12 feet, depending largely upon the type of terrain and the properties of the soil.
One of the largest in the world, the pipeline cost approximately $8 billion and is by far the biggest and most expensive construction project ever undertaken by private industry. In fact, no single business could raise that much money, so 8 major oil companies formed a consortium in order to share the costs. Each company controlled oil rights to particular shares of land in the oil fields and paid into the pipeline-construction fund according to the size of its holdings. Today, despite enormous problems of climate, supply shortages, equipment breakdowns, labor disagreements, treacherous terrain, a certain amount of mismanagement, and even theft, the Alaska pipeline has been completed and is operating.
31 .The passage primarily discusses the pipeline’s _____.
A. operating costs
B. employees
C. consumers
D. construction
32. The word “it” in line 3 refers to _____.
A. pipeline
B. ocean
C. state
D. village
33. The phrase “Resting on” in line 1, paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. consisting of
B. supported by
C. passing under
D. protected with
34. The author mentions all of the following as important in determining the pipeline’s route EXCEPT the _____.
A. climate
B. lay of the land itself
C. local vegetation
D. kind of soil and rock
35. Which of the following determined what percentage of the construction costs each member of the consortium would pay?
A. How much oil field land each company owned.
B. How long each company had owned land in the oil fields.
C. How many people worked for each company.
D. How many oil wells were located on the company’s land.【答案与解析】
31. D 文章第二段详细介绍了阿拉斯加管道的具体情况，如规模、形状等，第四段第一句也提到了它是目前为止私有企业进行的最浩大、最昂贵的工程。因此可知全文是围绕管道的建设展开的，并没有提及它的运行费用、员工和消费者，因此选D项。
32. A 原文第一段第一句以the Alaska pipeline开始，介绍了它的起点、范围，最后介绍了尺寸及难以操作，由此可知最后一句中的it应与第二句中的it同样指代pipeline。因此本题选A项。
33. B 根据第三段第一句可知，在H型的铁架上，管道长长的一部分在冻土地面上空呈“之”字形。由此可以推测出H型的铁架对管道起到了支撑的作用，因此本题选B项。
34. C 由关键词“决定管道路线的因素”可定位至第三段第三句，“The pattern of the pipeline’s up-and-down route is determined by…”，管道的格局是由严寒的气候、复杂的地形和构造各异的土壤、岩石决定的。因此本题选C项。
35. A 最后一段倒数第二句提到“Each company controlled oil rights to particular shares of land in the oil fields and paid into the pipeline-construction fund according to the size of its holdings.”，各公司根据其持有的油田份额而支付相应的建设费，因此本题选A项。
Questions 36-40 are based on the following passage:
The more women and minorities make their way into the ranks of management, the more they seem to want a talk about things formerly judged to be best left unsaid. The newcomers also tend to see office matters with a fresh eye, in the process sometimes coming up with critical analyses of the forces that shape everyone’ s experience in the organization.
Consider the novel views of Harvey Coleman of Atlanta on the subject of getting ahead. Coleman is black. He spent 11 years with IBM, half of them working in management development, and now serves as a consultant to the likes of AT&T, Co-ca-Cola, Prudential, and Merch. Coleman says that based on what he’s seen at big companies, he weighs the different elements that make for long-term career success as follows: performance counts a mere 10%, image, 30%, and exposure, a full 60%. Coleman concludes that excellent job performance is so common these days that while doing your work well may win you pay increases, it won’t secure you the big promotion. He finds that advancement more often depends on how many people know you and your work, and how high up they are.
Ridiculous beliefs? Not too many people, especially many women and members of minority races who, like Coleman, feel that the scales have dropped from their eyes. “Women and blacks in organizations work under false beliefs,” says Kaleel Jamison, a New-York-based management consultant who helps corporations deal with these issues. “They think that if you work hard, you’ll get ahead — that someone in authority will reach down and give you promotion.” She adds, “Most women and blacks are so frightened that people will think they’ve gotten ahead because of their sex or color that they play down their visibility.” Her advice to those folks: learn the ways that white males have traditionally used to find their way into the spotlight.
36. According to the passage, “things formerly judged to be best left unsaid” (Para. 1) probably refers to “_____”.
A. criticisms that shape everyone’s experience
B. the opinions which contradict the established beliefs
C. the tendencies that help the newcomers to see office matters with a fresh eye
D. the ideas which usually come up with new ways of management in the organization.
37. To achieve success in your career, the most important factor, according to the passage, is to _____.
A. let your superiors know how good you are
B. project a favorable image to the people around you
C. work as a consultant to your superiors
D. perform well your tasks given by your superiors
38. The reason why women and blacks play down their visibility is that they _____.
A. know that someone in authority will reach down and give them a promotion
B. want to give people the impression that they work under false beliefs
C. don’ t want people to think that their promotions were due to sex or color
D. believe they can get promoted by reason of their sex or color
39. The author is of the opinion that Coleman’s beliefs are _____.
A. biased
B. popular
C. insightful
D. superficial
40. The best title for this passage would be _______.
A. Role of Women and Minorities in Management
B. The importance of Being Visible
C. Job Performance and Advancement
D. Sex and Career Success【答案与解析】
36. B 通读全文后发现，大多数女性和少数族裔由于惧怕流言而在工作中保持低调，但升职步入管理阶层后，他们会对自己之前持有的信念产生新的看法，并想做进一步探讨。因此这里“things formerly judged to be best left unsaid”应指与原先即有的信念相抵触的想法，故选B项。
37. A 第二段倒数第二句中，Coleman指出决定职业成功的因素有：表现（10%）、形象（30%）和展现（60%），且最后一句提到晋升更多取决于有多少职位高的人知道你并了解你的工作。由此可知本题应选A项。
38. C 根据第三段倒数第二句可知，“Most women and blacks are so frightened that … they play down their visibility.”大多数女性和黑人保持低调，因为他们怕别人以为他们的晋升是由于性别或肤色。因此本题选C项。
39. C 第二段第一句中作者用novel“新奇的，新颖的”一词来形容Coleman的观点，表明作者对他的观点是持积极态度的，第三段开头作者又否定了他的观点是荒谬的。因此可以推测出作者认为Coleman的观念是有见解的，故选C项。
40. B 本文围绕Coleman提出的决定职业成功的因素展开，集中讨论了展现自己这一点。文章最后一段的最后一句是对全文的总结，提出要学习白人男性展现自己的方式。因此本题应选B项。
Questions 41-45 are based on the following passage:
Like most people, I’ve long understood that I will be judged by my occupation, that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am. Recently, however, I was disappointed to see that it also decides how I’m treated as a person.
Last year I left a professional position as a small-town reporter and took a job waiting tables. As someone paid to serve food to people, I had customers say and do things to me I suspect they’d never say or do to their most casual acquaintances. One night a man talking on his cell phone waved me away, then beckoned (示意) me back with his finger a minute later, complaining he was ready to order and asking where I’d been.
I had waited tables during summers in college and was treated like a peon (勤杂工) by plenty of people. But at 19 years old, I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults. Besides, people responded to me differently after I told them I was in college. Customers would joke that one day I’d be sitting at their table, waiting to be served.
Once I graduated, I took a job at a community newspaper. From my first day, I heard a respectful tone from everyone who called me. I assumed this was the way the professional world worked — cordially.
I soon found out differently. I sat several feet away from an advertising sales representative with a similar name. Our calls would often get mixed up and someone asking for Kristen would be transferred to Christie. The mistake was immediately evident. Perhaps it was because money was involved, but people used a tone with Kristen that they never used with me.
My job title made people treat me with courtesy. So it was a shock to return to the restaurant industry.
It’s no secret that there’s a lot to put up with when waiting tables, and fortunately, much of it can be easily forgotten when you pocket the tips. The service industry, by definition, exists to cater to others’ needs. Still, it seemed that many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant.
I’m now applying to graduate school, which means someday I’ll return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want. I think I’ll take them to dinner first, and see how they treat someone whose only job is to serve them.
41. The author was disappointed to find that _____.
A. one’s position is used as a gauge to measure one’s intelligence
B. talented people like her should fail to get a respectable job
C. one’s occupation affects the way one is treated as a person
D. professionals tend to look down upon manual workers
42. What does the author intend to say by the example in the second paragraph?
A. Some customers simply show no respect to those who serve them.
B. People absorbed in a phone conversation tend to be absent-minded.
C. Waitresses are often treated by customers as casual acquaintances.
D. Some customers like to make loud complaints for no reason at all.
43. How did the author feel when waiting tables at the age of 19?
A. She felt it unfair to be treated as a mere servant by professionals.
B. She felt badly hurt when her customers regarded her as a peon.
C. She was embarrassed each time her customers joked with her.
D. She found it natural for professionals to treat her as inferior.
44. What does the author imply by saying “… many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant” (Line 2-3, Para. 7)?
A. Those who cater to others’ needs are destined to be looked down upon.
B. Those working in the service industry shouldn’t be treated as servants.
C. Those serving others have to put up with rough treatment to earn a living.
D. The majority of customers tend to look on a servant as server nowadays.
45. The author says she’ll one day take her clients to dinner in order to _____.
A. see what kind of person they are
B. experience the feeling of being served
C. show her generosity towards people inferior to her
D. arouse their sympathy for people living a humble life【答案与解析】
41. C 由第一段最后一句可知，作者对于人们根据职业而对待他人的行为感到失望。因此本题选C项。
42. A 文章第二段中作者提到，一些顾客用不会对最熟悉的人的方式对待服务员，结合自己作为服务员被呼来唤去、被抱怨的经历来看，作者旨在表明一些顾客不懂得尊重服务员。因此本题选A项。
43. D 根据第三段第二句可知，“But at 19 years old, I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults.”作者当时认为自己受到低等对待是理所应当的。因此本题选D项。
44. B 在倒数第二段中，作者提到服务行业是为了满足他人的需求而存在的，但是很多顾客却分不清楚服务员和仆人的区别，这表明顾客倾向于把服务员当作仆人对待。因此，作者意在暗示服务员不该被当作仆人，故本题选B项。
45. A 最后一段最后一句表明，“I think I’ll take them to dinner first, and see how they treat someone whose only job is to serve them.”作者请人们吃饭是为了看看他们会怎样对待服务自己的人，借此可以看出他们是什么样的人。因此本题选A项。
Questions 46-50 are based on the following passage:
Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent”. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property, and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,” says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.
With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.” says one expert.
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