走进陇东南---汉英对照(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)

作者：卢蓉,侯斌

出版社：中国文联出版社

格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT

走进陇东南---汉英对照试读：

甘肃位于中国西北部，中华民族母亲河——黄河的上游，东西蜿蜒1600公里，是华夏文明的重要发祥地。省内从南到北分布着8个不同的气候类型区，自然地理风光独特，除了海洋和岛礁外，拥有中国其他地区所有的旅游资源类型，且风貌独特。丝路文化、长城文化、黄河文化在这里叠加辉映，自然人文资源丰富多彩，有敦煌莫高窟等7处世界文化遗产，古文化遗址7000多处，各类石窟寺庙337座，遗存长城3600余公里，全省馆藏文物近43万件。中国旅游标志——马踏飞燕就出土于甘肃省武威市。多元历史文化，多类自然风光，多种民俗风情，使甘肃成为多彩的旅游天堂。

甘肃陇东南地区指甘肃省东南部，广义指包括甘肃庆阳、平凉、天水、陇南四市及其所属的31个县区，狭义指陇东和陇南地区之间的天水、陇南两市的主要区域。目前，在甘肃省大力发展陇东南旅游创新区的过程中，把定西也纳入陇东南地区，因此，广义的陇东南区域目前包括庆阳、平凉、天水、陇南、定西五市。本书中以以前广义的陇东南区域的范围为准，介绍庆阳、平凉、天水、陇南四个地区的旅游资源和文化。

陇东南地区自古以来就是丝绸之路上的重镇，该区域祖脉文化、养生文化厚重，文物古迹、中药材和温泉资源分布广泛，具有发展祖脉文化旅游和温泉养生保健旅游的独特优势。其中，始祖文化资源十分丰富而有特色：“人文始祖”伏羲生于天水山区，创八卦、婚配、渔猎、书契记事先河，“一画开天”创立古老的华夏文明，形成以伏羲文化为本体的华夏民族；周王朝先祖从陇东高原崛起，以农为本，以德治国，奠定了中华民族的农耕文化以及礼仪、道德传统；秦王朝先祖从陇南山地走向兴盛，称霸西戎，依法立国，铸造了中国两千多年的封建政治、经济和文化格局；黄帝于平凉崆峒山向广成子问治国、养生之道，始有《黄帝内经》。此外，陇东南地区拥有独特的地理位置和气候条件，造就了许多兼具北方之雄伟和南方之秀丽的旅游景点：如天水麦积山——世界文化遗产、国家5A级旅游景区、国家级风景名胜区、国家级自然保护区、全国重点文物保护单位；平凉崆峒山——天下道教第一名山、国家5A级旅游景区、国家级风景名胜区、国家地质公园。

甘肃省旅游资源富集度位居全国前五，坐拥敦煌莫高窟、麦积山石窟等众多宝贵旅游资源，而开发利用程度却处于全国倒数，尤其是陇东南地区，旅游产业面临资源挖掘不足、基础设施落后、体制机制束缚等多重困境。2013年旅游收入仅620亿元，不及邻省陕西的30%，旅游收入排名全国倒数。出现这样的窘境，固然与道路设施、制度约束等因素有关，但宣传力度与广度不够是甘肃旅游业滞后的重要原因之一。

本书第一著者卢蓉一直关注本地区的旅游文化发展，在攻读硕士研究生期间即开始收集整理并撰写了陇东南地区，尤其是天水地区的旅游翻译问题。在校列项目、省教育厅及省社科项目的支撑下，笔者于近三年开始整理翻译陇东南地区的旅游资源和始祖文化，意欲通过自己的绵薄之力，让中国文化“走出去”，让更多中外游客了解这些地区丰富的旅游资源，以促进陇东南地区旅游业的发展。

本书作为甘肃省教育厅项目的最终研究成果，凝聚了作者几年的心血。其中的天水部分主要由侯斌翻译完成，英语部分经过天水师范学院外国语学院外教Carolyn Alyse Reisdorff和Megan Ashley Kunkle的润色与修改，在编写翻译过程中得到了本书资助项目之一——甘肃省社科规划项目的项目组成员赵萍霞、安登贤、刘杰、周文勤和王国祥的支持与帮助。在此，对所有为本书做出贡献的诸位致以最诚挚的谢意！

因时间与能力所限，笔者虽倾力整理翻译，难免有疏漏与不当之处，真诚地期待各位同行、专家和广大读者的批评指正！卢蓉2017年7月于天水师范学院南校区Preface

Our first arrival in Tianshui City, Gansu Province was at about 4:00 am, and we were just about to get off a 17-hour train ride from Chengdu. The weather was a little colder than that of a Sichuan summer, we didn’t sleep very well on the train ride, and we were both feeling slightly nauseated – possibly from the train, possibly from the instant noodles we had eaten earlier for dinner. More memorable, however, were the smiles on the faces of our new colleagues as they greeted us coming off the platform. They introduced themselves then politely took our bags; their immediate warmth, the city’s colorful lights, and the crisp air were our first introductions to Tianshui-a city that, though we knew little of at the time, would soon become our home for the next two years.

When people around the world talk about China, their conversations typically focus on its massive population, prosperous east coast cities, and rapidly developing economy. However,China extends far beyond the skylines of Beijing and Shanghai, and its 1.4 billion people have extremely diverse and unique ways of life. Many outside of China, ourselves included, are guilty of simplifying Chinese culture, perhaps in the hopes of trying to learn more and understand it better. In this simplification, we are doing both ourselves and China a disservice. Instead, we can all benefit from broadening our views and taking a journey west.

Travel in Southeastern Gansu helps readers do just that, as Lu Rong introduces the lesser known province of Gansu. As she discusses each region and city, she gives detailed information regarding its specific scenic spots, local foods, special cultural events, and beautiful handicrafts.After reading, one is ready to experience Gansu in person. Learning more about this area of China not only helps us gain a deeper understanding of Chinese history and culture, but also makes us realize their complexities.

Gansu is a region of China now very dear to us. Since our early morning arrival in Tianshui,we’ve come to know some of the most genuine people we have ever met, tasted foods we never knew existed, and have found ourselves beyond grateful to serve as Peace Corps volunteers in this part of the country. We are privileged to know Gansu through our friends who invite us over to make dumplings together, our students whom we learn from every day, our shopkeeper friend who takes us to the best hole-in-the-wall breakfast spots, and every local who shares a part of his or her daily life with us. Through Lu Rong’s work, we have gotten to further know other cities we have not yet been to and festivals we have not yet celebrated. It has been an honor to contribute to this work and learn from Lu Rong. It is our hope that readers may also come to know our beloved Gansu, a province not to be overlooked as it continues to develop while maintaining rich and meaningful traditions.Carolyn Alyse Reisdorff & Megan Ashley KunklUnited States Peace Corps Volunteers Serving in Tianshui, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China, 2017-2019  第一章 陇东南基本概况

陇即甘肃省的简称，陇东南意为陇之东南部，即甘肃省东南部。陇东南区域广义指甘肃庆阳、平凉、天水、陇南四市及其所属的31个县区，总面积80759平方千米，占全省（39万平方千米）的20.71%，总人口1115.04万人，占全省（2628万）的42.43%。在甘肃省大力发展陇东南旅游创新区的过程中，把定西也纳入陇东南地区，因此，广义的陇东南区域目前包括庆阳、平凉、天水、陇南、定西五市。本书中以以前陇东南区域的范围为准，介绍庆阳、平凉、天水、陇南四个地区。

陇东包括庆阳市和平凉市两市，两市总人口490万人，总面积38444平方千米，人口密度127.46人/平方千米，2011年GDP总量约700亿人民币。陇东也一般指甘肃省庆阳市，其位于甘肃省最东部，习称“陇东”，地处陕、甘、宁三省区交汇地带，素有“陇东粮仓”之称，曾为轩辕黄帝活动过的区域。

陇东南主要城市陇南市位于甘肃省东南部，地处秦巴山区，东连陕西，南接四川，西邻甘南藏族自治州，北依定西市和天水市。现辖武都区和成县、徽县、两当、西和、礼县、康县、文县、宕昌8个县。境内有汉、回、藏等21个民族，少数民族人口达5万多人。陇南是甘肃境内唯一的长江流域地区，气候属亚热带向暖温带过渡区，境内高山、河谷、丘陵、盆地交错，气候垂直分布，地域差异明显。陇南境内气候湿润温和，森林覆盖率高，是旅游度假的好去处。  Chapter1 A Brief Introduction of Southeastern Gansu“Long”(陇) is short for Gansu Province. Southeastern Gansu literally means southeast of Long, i.e. southeastern part of Gansu Province. In a broad sense Southeastern Gansu includes the cities Qingyang, Pingliang, Tianshui, Longnan and their 31 subsidiary 2districts and counties,with a total area of 80,759 km , accounting for 220.71% of Gansu Province (the total area of Gansu is 390,000 km). The total population in these regions is 11,150,400, which accounts for 42.43%of the total population of Gansu Province (about 26,280,000). In striving to develop the tourism innovation zone of southeastern Gansu, Dingxi is also included in Southeastern area of Gansu,which then consists of five cities: Qingyang, Pingliang, Tianshui, Longnan and Dingxi. This book will be based on the former criteria of the division and introduce the four areas: Qingyang,Pingliang, Tianshui and Longnan.

Longdong includes two cities: Qingyang and Pingliang, with a total 2population of 4,900,000 and total area of 38,444 km. The population density is 127.46 people per square kilometer. In 2011, the GDP of Longdong was approximately 70 billion RMB. Generally Longdong refers to Qingyang City. As it lies in the eastmost of Gansu Province, Qingyang is called “Longdong.” It is situated at the convergence zone of three provinces: Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia. Known as “the Granary of Longdong,” Qingyang was once the area where the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan carried out his affairs.

The major city of Southeastern Gansu is Longnan City, situated in the southeast of Gansu Province. It lies in the Qingling-Daba Mountains and is linked to Shaanxi in the east, to Sichuan in the south, to Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu in the west, to Dingxi and Tianshui cities in the north. It has jurisdiction over Wudu District and eight counties: Chengxian County, Huixian County, Liangdang County, Xihe County, Lixian County, Kangxian County,Wenxian County and Tanchang County. In Longnan there are 21 ethnic groups, including Han,Hui, Tibetan and more. The population of minorities is over 50,000. Longnan is the only area in Gansu Province that belongs to the Yangtze River Basin. The climate is somewhat between subtropical and warm temperate zone. Scattered with high mountains, rivers, valleys, hills and basins, Longnan has a vertically distributed and regionally different climate. With a humid, mild

陇东南中心城市天水地处陕、甘、川三省交界地带和西安至兰州两大城市的中点，正好在祖国的几何中心，市区平均海拔高度为1100米。天水是中国古代文化重要的发祥地，享有“羲皇故里”的殊荣，是海内外龙的传人寻根问祖的圣地。境内文化古迹甚多：保存有大量新石器时代早期及仰韶文化珍品的大地湾遗址；国内唯一有伏羲塑像的天水伏羲庙；中国四大石窟之一、被誉为“东方雕塑馆”的麦积山石窟，荟萃了从公元4世纪末到20世纪的7730余尊塑像，组成了古丝绸之路东段的“石窟艺术走廊”。此外，天水还是陇东南经济文化物流中心，素有“陇上小江南”的美称。第一节　甘肃历史简介

西周时期，秦人先祖定居于现在的甘肃天水一带，后又向关中发展；秦统一全国后，遂设立了陇西郡，筑起西起临洮、东北至陕北的秦长城。魏、晋、南北朝时期，战乱迭起，以河西走廊为中心的青海、宁夏、新疆、内蒙古等广大地区，经历了前凉、后凉、西凉等“五凉”政权。隋唐时期是陆上中西贸易丝绸之路繁荣的顶峰，也是甘肃历史上政治、军事、文化的鼎盛时期。元代创立行省制度，在全国共设10个行省，即岭北、辽阳、河南江北、陕西、四川、甘肃、云南、江浙、江西、湖广。甘肃行中书省，除辖今日甘肃大部分地区外，兼领今青海、宁夏、新疆、内蒙古的部分地区，于是中国历史上第一次出现了甘肃省的行政区划。

明清时期，随着千百年来国家经济文化重心东移和海上交通的发展，甘肃在全国的经济地位与文化发展已比不上过去。在建置上，清康熙七年（公元1668年）由巩昌布政使司改为甘肃布政使司，将治所从巩昌（今陇西）移至兰州，奠定今日甘肃省的格局。

1949年8月，甘肃解放以后，即成立甘肃行政公署，辖 11个分区（专区、市），73个县（区）。1950—1957年，先后成立天祝、东乡、肃北、张climate and high forest coverage, Longnan is an ideal travel destination.

Tianshui is the central city of Southeastern Gansu. It is located at the junction of Shaanxi,Gansu and Sichuan, and is right between two major cities - Xi’an and Lanzhou. Tianshui is the geometric center of China. The average altitude in the downtown area is 1100 meters. As an important cradle of Chinese ancient culture, Tianshui is known as the birthplace of Emperor Fuxi,is the holy land where the descendants of Long (龙dragon, metaphor for the Chinese nation)gather to trace their origins. In Tianshui there are many cultural relics: Dadiwan Historic Site preserving large numbers of cultural treasures of the early New Stone Age and Yangshao Culture;Fuxi Temple of Tianshui with the only statue of Fuxi in China; Maiji Mountain Grotto, one of the four largest grottoes in China and praised as “the Sculpture Gallery of the East,” boasting more than 7,730 statues that range from the late 4th century to 20th century, forming a “grotto art corridor” of the east part of the ancient Silk Road. Additionally, Tianshui is the political and cultural center of Southeastern Gansu and is called the little Jiangnan of Gansu. (Jiangnan is the region south of the Yangtze River)I. A General Outline of Gansu History

In the West Zhou period, the ancestors of Qin lived in the area surrounding modern Tianshui City, and expanded towards Guanzhong (the central Shaanxi area). After Qin unified China, Longxi Prefecture was set up and the Qin Great Wall stretching from Lintao in the west to Shaanbei in the northeast was built. During Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, wars broke out one after another on the Central Plains and wide areas centering around Hexi Corridor,including Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang, and Inner Mongolia witnessed the ups and downs of “Five Liang” regimes like Former Liang, Later Liang, Western Liang, etc. The prime of the Sinowestern commercial land “Silk Road” came in Sui and Tang dynasties, when Gansu also gained prosperity politically, militarily and culturally in its history. In Yuan Dynasty, the provincial system was constructed and ten provinces were set up in China, i.e. Lingbei, Liaoyang, Henan Jiangbei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Gansu, Yunnan, Jiangzhe, Jiangxi and Huguang. Gansu Province administered over the most part of the present Gansu Province and some areas of Qinghai,Ningxia, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia. For the first time in Chinese history, there appeared the administrative division of Gansu Province.

In Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the eastward move of national economic and cultural center and the development of sea transport, Gansu was declining in economic status and cultural development in China. About the establishment of the administrative divisions, Gongchang provincial administrative government was replaced by Gansu provincial administrative家川等一批民族自治区（后改为自治州、自治县）。1958—1965年，全面调整区划，大规模并县，直至1984年底，又进行了个别调整。1985年，经国务院批准，进行了一系列调整，全省设7个行政公署、2个自治州、5个省辖市，下设68个县（7个民族自治县）、11个市辖区、7个地辖市。第二节　陇东南行政区划

庆阳市辖1区7县，即西峰区和庆城、华池、宁县、镇原、合水、正宁、环县。

平凉市辖1个市辖区（崆峒区）、6个县（泾川县、灵台县、崇信县、华亭县、庄浪县、静宁县）。

陇南市辖1个市辖区、8个县，即武都区和宕昌、康县、文县、两当、徽县、成县、礼县、西和8县。

天水市下辖秦州区、麦积区两个市辖区，甘谷县、武山县、秦安县、清水县和张家川回族自治县5个县。第三节　 陇东南地区气候

甘肃省气候不太均衡，河西地区比较干燥，陇东南地区却属温带半湿润气候，比较湿润，冬无严寒，夏无酷暑，春季升温快，秋多连阴雨。气候温和，四季分明，日照充足，降水适中。government in the seventh year of Emperor Kangxi’s reign of Qing Dynasty (1668 AD), and the seat of the local government moved from Gongchang (now Longxi) to Lanzhou, thus laying the foundation for the present setup of Gansu Province.

After it was liberated in August, 1949, Gansu prefectural administrative office was set up,governing 11 areas (special administrative regions and cities) and 73 counties (districts). From 1950 to 1957, a group of national autonomous regions (later renamed autonomous prefectures or autonomous counties), like Tianzhu, Dongxiang, Subei, Zhangjiachuan, were established successively. From 1958 to 1965, administrative divisions were readjusted comprehensively and counties were merged on a large scale, and by the end of the year 1984, several minor changes took place. In 1985, with the approval of the State Council, Gansu Province set up 7 administrative offices, 2 autonomous prefectures, and 5 provincially administered cities,governing 68 counties (including 7 minority autonomous counties), 11 municipal districts and 7 cities.II. Administrative Divisions of Southeastern Gansu

Qingyang City has jurisdiction over one district (Xifeng District) and seven counties:Qingcheng County, Huachi County, Ningxian County, Zhenyuan County, Heshui County,Zhengning County and Huanxian County.

Pingliang City has one district (Kongtong District) and six counties: Jingchuan County,Lingtai County, Chongxin County, Huating County, Zhuanglang County and Jingning County.

Longnan City governs one district (Wudu District) and eight counties: Tanchang County,Kangxian County, Wenxian County, Liangdang County, Huixian County, Chengxian County,Lixian County, and Xihe County.

Tianshui has two districts (Qinzhou District and Maiji District) and five counties: Gangu County, Wushan County, Qin’an County, Qingshui County and Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous County.III. Climate in Southeastern Gansu

The climate in Gansu is not so balanced: Hexi area is somewhat dry while Southeastern Gansu is comparatively wet, belonging to a temperate sub-humid climate. In Southeastern Gansu,winter is not very cold and summer is not very hot; in spring it gets warm fast and in autumn it is likely to rain for days. On the whole, the climate is mild, with four distinctive seasons, abundant sunshine and moderate precipitation.第四节　甘肃旅游线路推荐

线路1：甘肃丝绸之路全景游

天水——兰州——武威——张掖——酒泉——嘉峪关——敦煌

线路2：南部藏回民族风情草原风光旅游

兰州——临夏——夏河——合作——碌曲——玛曲

线路3：东南部生态旅游

天水——礼县——西和——成县——康县——宕昌——两当——武都

线路4：东部红色胜迹黄土风情旅游兰州——会宁——平凉——庆阳

线路5：敦煌骑骆驼游鸣沙山莫高窟——鸣沙山——月牙泉

线路6：石窟艺术之旅

麦积山石窟——大象山石窟——水帘洞石窟——拉梢寺——木梯寺

线路7：温泉保健之旅

兰州——通渭——武山温泉——清水温泉——麦积山温泉

线路8：寻根朝觐之旅

兰州——陇西——武山——天水——成县——平凉——泾川——庆阳IV. Recommended Itineraries in Gansu

Route One: Going through the Silk Road in Gansu

Tianshui---Lanzhou---Wuwei---Zhangye---Jiuquan---Jiayuguan---Dunhuang

Route Two: Travel on southern Gansu prairie with Tibetan and Hui ethnic flavor Lanzhou---Linxia---Xiahe---Hezuo---Luqu---Maqu

Route Three: Ecological tour in southeastern Gansu

Tianshui City---Lixian County---Xihe County---Chengxian County---Kangxian County---Tanchang County---Liangdang County---Wudu District

Route Four: Red tour in the east part of Gansu Lanzhou---Huining---Pingliang---Qingyang

Route Five: Tour in Dunhuang

Mogao Grottoes---Mingsha Mountain---Crescent Spring

Route Six: Tour of Grotto Art

Maijishan Grottoes---Daxiangshan Grottoes---Shuiliandong Grottoes---Lashao Temple---Muti Temple

Route Seven: Tour of Relaxation in Hot Springs

Lanzhou City---Tongwei County---Hot Springs in Wushan County---Hot Springs in Qinghsui County---Maijishan Hot Springs

Route Eight: Tour on Chinese Family Root and Pilgrimage

Lanzhou City---Longxi County---Wushan County---Tianshui City---Chengxian County---Pingliang City---Jingchuan County---Qingyang City  第二章 陇东南地区的始祖文化

始祖指得姓的祖先，亦指有世系可考的最初的远祖，还用于开国君主追尊的先祖庙号。

甘肃始祖文化资源十分丰富：“人文始祖”伏羲生于天水山区，创八卦、婚配、渔猎、书契记事先河，形成以伏羲文化为本体的华夏民族；周王朝先祖从陇东高原崛起，以农为本，以德治国，奠定了中华民族的农耕文化以及礼仪、道德传统；秦王朝先祖从陇南山地走向兴盛，称霸西戎，依法立国，铸造了中国2000多年的封建政治、经济和文化格局；黄帝于平凉崆峒山向广成子问治国、养生之道，始有《黄帝内经》。第一节　伏羲文化

五千多年前出现的伏羲文化是中华文化与文明的源头。传说伏羲皇发明网罟，教民渔猎，创八卦，别姓氏，倡导彩陶文化、玉石文化、龙文化等中华民族的优秀文化。伏羲皇用爻片创作的“日月三爻图”是中华文字与数字的开端，也是中华易学的开端。因此，伏羲皇被历代中华儿女尊称为“人文始祖”。  Chapter 2 Ancestrial Culture in Southeastern Gansu

“Shizu” refers to the ancestors from whom people get family names, the primal ancestors that can be dated back with genealogy, or to the posthumous title of emperors given by the founding monarchs.

There is a very abundant supply of resources of ancestrial culture in Gansu Province:the first ancestor of the Chinese nation - Fuxi was born in the mountain areas of Tianshui, and created eight diagrams, marriage, fishing and hunting, and hieroglyph recording system, thus forming the Chinese nation with Fuxi culture as its core; the ancestors of Zhou dynasty rose from the Longdong Plateau and based on agriculture-oriented system and ruled the country by virtue, laying the foundation for the Chinese farming culture and etiquette and moral traditions;the ancestors of the Qin dynasty originated in the mountain areas of Longnan and headed for prosperity hereby, then dominated Xirong nationality, founded a state with law, and shaped the Chinese feudal politics, economics and culture of more than 2,000 years; the Yellow Emperor went to Kongtong Mountain of Pingliang to ask about the ways to rule the country and keep fit,and thus wrote Huangdi Neijing(the Medical Classic of the Yellow Emperor).I. Fuxi Culture

Fuxi Culture, the origin of the Chinese nation and civilization, appeared some 5000 years ago. It is said that the Fuxi Emperor invented netting and taught people to fish and hunt. Besides,he also created eight diagrams and differentiated names, initiated excellent culture of the Chinese nation like painted pottery culture, jade culture, dragon culture, etc. The “sun and moon threehexagram figure” created by Fuxi with hexagram piece was the origin of Chinese characters and numbers, also of Yi-ology of China. Therefore, the Fuxi Emperor was respected by the Chinese people of all ages as “the First Ancestor of the Chinese Nation.”

Fuxi Culture is a general term referring to the Long (dragon) culture, the jade culture, the sky-watching culture, the naming culture, the fishing and hunting culture, the Taiji and Bagua(eight diagrams) culture, primeval characters and numbers. The Long (dragon) culture pioneered by Taihao Fuxi Emperor was the spiritual tie holding together all Chinese nationalities to be

伏羲文化是伏羲时代产生的龙文化、玉文化、观天文化、姓氏文化、渔猎文化、太极八卦文化、原始文字与数字文化的总称。太昊伏羲皇首创的龙文化是维系中华民族众志成城的精神纽带，成为民族传统、民族感情、民族精神的集中体现。

每年农历正月十六日，相传为伏羲生日。这一天，天水市民众自发集会到伏羲庙祭奠“人宗

爷”（按：天水人习惯将伏羲称为“人宗爷”），乞求幸福安详，新年好运气。除了民间祭祀，天水还在每年六月举行盛大的公祭活动。一、伏羲始祖地位

追寻我们民族的根，有几个伟大的名字是无法回避的，他们就是“三皇”——伏羲、神农、黄帝，伏羲位居“三皇”之首。中华文明史上一些重大的发明创造如画八卦、结网罟、兴嫁娶、创乐器等都附着在伏羲身上，因此伏羲也就成了文化的化身，古往今来被尊称为“人文始祖”。当然，现代意义上伏羲文化内涵更加广泛，凡和伏羲事迹相关的事或物，诸如祠庙遗迹、民情风俗、轶闻传说、史籍记录等都属于伏羲文化范畴。

作为一种文化现象，对于民族先祖的认定，是从远古的传说到有文字记载的历史，在一个相当长的历史时期中逐渐确立起来的。“三皇五帝”为中华民族的人文始祖，其世系位序的排列在春秋战国到秦汉时期已逐步确立。“三皇五帝”的世系之中，太昊伏羲氏位居“三皇之首”“百王之先”，是居神农、黄帝之前的中华民族的人文始祖。尽管伏羲的形象或事迹被传说和神话缠绕，且学术界对伏羲是人、是神以及功业等众说纷纭，但有一点是有共识的，那就是伏羲的身上蕴含着丰富的历史文化基因，具有独特的精神文化价值。untied, which has become the epitome of national tradition, national feeling and national spirit.

January sixteenth of the lunar calendar was said to be the birthday of Fuxi, and every year on that day people in Tianshui would gather together in Fuxi Temple to offer sacrifices to “Ren Zong Ye” (literally means “people’s ancestor god,” another commonly given name by the local Tianshui people) and pray for happiness, peace and good luck in the coming year.

Besides, folk sacrifice activities, a grand public sacrifice ceremony is held in every June in Tianshui.1. Fuxi’s status as the first ancestor

When seeking the root of the Chinese nation, several great names are not to be avoided,these being “the three emperors”-Fuxi, Shennong and Huangdi, among whom Fuxi came first.As Fuxi was related with many important inventions and creations like drawing eight diagrams,knotting net, starting marriage customs, creating musical instruments, etc., he became the embodiment of Chinese culture and has been respected as “the first ancestor of the Chinese nation” since ancient times. Certainly, in the modern sense the connotation of Fuxi Culture is broader and includes all things and materials that are relevant to the deeds of Fuxi, such as temples, relics, folk customs, anecdotes, stories, and historical records.

As a cultural phenomenon, the affirmation of a nation’s ancestor is gradually set up in a relatively long historical period, from the legends of the ancient times to the written history.“Three Emperors and Five Sovereigns” are the humanistic ancestors of the Chinese nation, and the order of their arrangement was gradually established in Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States Period to Qin and Han dynasties. Among “Three Emperors and Five Sovereigns,” Taihao Fuxi was recognized as the “Head of the Three Emperors” and “the Earliest King,” ranking above Shennong and Huangdi and serving as the

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