基础口译阅读与翻译教程(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)

作者：汪海涛,邱政政 主编,朱甄雯,刘松竹

出版社：群言出版社

格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT

基础口译阅读与翻译教程试读：

前言

邱政政寄语：If the boat of your dream doesn't come to you, swim to it.

近年，随着就业形势的日益严峻，英语口译岗位资格证书考试已经在全国的中学、大学校园和白领职场形成“燎原之势”。口译证书为何如此受宠？上海市外语口译岗位资格证书考试办公室的专家们一语道破：口译证书的高含金量和低通过率是其成为学生和职场人士首选的重要原因，而我在九年前开设口译项目之时所提出的“一纸证书 + 真才实学”的教学宗旨，也恰恰体现了口译考试的这一本质。

秉承“口译成就梦想”的教学理念，口译项目已经成为上海新东方学校最具活力和人气的培训项目，其招生人数连续八年在申城乃至全国位居第一，考试通过率也连续15次在全国遥遥领先。令人骄傲的是，上海新东方已经成为华东乃至全国最大的口译培训基地。

从2003年项目启动至今的九年间，上海新东方培养出15名高级口译最高分得主，20名中级口译最高分得主和16名基础口译最高分得主。年纪最小的基础口译证书获得者8岁的李翊雷、年纪最小的中级口译证书获得者9岁的朱哲敏、年纪最小的高级口译证书获得者12岁的骆静怡、金琪，以及全国高级口译最高分得主傅蓉（257.5分）均接受过新东方的口译培训。

同时，令人欣喜的是：2005至2011年的8位上海市高考文、理科状元也都不约而同地来到上海新东方接受口译培训。上海新东方的口译项目更是独家荣获了上海市教育博览会“口译金牌项目”的称号，这充分标志着口译进入了新东方时代！

从2008年开始，上海新东方基础口译教研组就致力于基础口译教材和资料的编写工作。由于此类图书在市场上极为紧缺，内容上又非常讲究实用性和针对性，因而专家组集中各类资源进行资料筛选、题型细分、考试趋势分析、难度评估等工作，同时结合来自一线的教学实践，开始编写图书。在编写的过程中，专家组反复对书的内容进行优化和调整，以便最大限度地贴近基础口译的考试要求，帮助广大考生提高英语水平。自2009年以来，凭借雄厚的教学和教研实力，新东方口译研究中心的口译专家们联合打造的《基础口译考试备考精要》和《基础口译全真模拟试题》已跟广大考生和青少年口译爱好者见面，并受到广泛好评。如今，在精心筛选、整理、汇编之后，基础口译教研专家团队又为考生献上这本《基础口译阅读与翻译教程》，与前两本书一起形成了科学的体系，力求让考生全面提升英语听说读译能力，掌握各种题型应对技巧，顺利通过基础口译考试。

虽然目前基础口译考试并未涵盖阅读和笔译题型，但由于约70%的备考考生为青少年，他们对于翻译技巧、英美文化等都缺乏足够的了解，导致在基础口译考试中举步维艰。本书主要从基础口译常考的热点话题出发，以阅读、翻译为切入点，梳理了大量的基础口译考试热点词汇，归纳了重要的翻译技巧及核心阅读方法，涵盖了有利于提高英语能力的阅读、翻译题型，并在每个单元里介绍英美文化知识，以拓宽考生视野。其次，该书紧扣考纲，让考生通过大量阅读来拓展词汇量，通过翻译练笔来熟悉翻译技巧，进而更好地备战口译考试。本书中，各单元的阅读材料话题都紧扣基础口译考纲，“难词突破”版块中标有星号的词汇为考试必备词汇，“译海拾贝”版块为文中的长难句附上了口译团队老师长期积累的笔译和授课经验分享，翻译题型设置由浅入深，让考生稳步掌握基本的翻译技巧，真正做到让读者阅读每一篇文章、做每一道题目都有所收获。《基础口译阅读与翻译教程》一书延续前两本基础口译教辅的宗旨，针对基础口译考试备考的每一处细节，为广大考生获取高分开辟了捷径。同时，该书也为广大口译爱好者提供了全面提升英语实力的平台。通过该书的练习，你会在不知不觉间拥有技巧与实力的双重飞跃！

考生们如果有任何关于口译备考方面的问题，可以登录我的微博：weibo.com/qiuzhengzheng、人人网公共主页：http://page.renren.com/600007967, 或开心网公共主页：kaixin001.com/qiuzhengzheng进行留言，我会尽己所能帮助大家。我相信，从你拿到这本书并开始静下心来学习的那一刻起，你便开始悄然接近你的口译梦想了。

最后，感谢两位编著老师的辛勤付出，感谢基础口译教研组老师的集体智慧！感谢出版社参与此书编校的编辑们！邱政政于上海新东方学校

上海新东方“口译顶尖学员”回音壁

根据“上海市口译办”统计的结果，上海新东方学校中级口译笔试得分超过200分、高级口译笔试得分超过220分的超高分学员众多，因而不能一一在此列举。上海新东方口译研究中心研究决定：在上海新东方的中、高级口译高分学员中选取成绩优异的在此发布，以资鼓励。同时勉励更多的口译考生在新东方的帮助下，考出理想的成绩。二、新东方口译“顶尖学员”回音壁（部分）：小学组

全国获得中级口译证书年龄最小的纪录保持者，9岁的朱哲敏（世界外国语小学）：“带着新东方《中高级口译口试备考精要》的考前必背80篇，我走进口试考场。考试结束后，考官老师问我：‘在哪里学的英语？是不是有名师教你？’现在回想：自从开始学口译，有太多老师帮助我了，对我影响最大的当然是上海新东方的口译老师了。”初中组

全国获得高级口译证书年龄最小的纪录保持者，12岁的金琪（上外附中初一预备班）：“上海新东方为所有的口译爱好者提供了最大、最亮的展示平台。在这里，没有谁是失败者；在这里，希望长存，成功仅一步之遥！”

12岁的高级口译证书获得者（2009）骆静怡（育才实验中学初中预备班）：“我在新东方的高级口译班上学到了真正的英语。”

13岁的高级口译证书获得者（2008）邝毅（天山二中预备班）：“在上海新东方的高级口译课堂中，我学到了不少知识和技巧。正如‘授人以鱼，不如授人以渔。’‘从绝望中寻找希望，人生终将辉煌。’我想，只要我一直追随新东方，辉煌的彼岸终将到达。”高中组

16岁的高级口译证书获得者，周逸群（上外附中）：“我从上海新东方正规、有效的口译培训中学到了很多东西。这不仅帮助我提高了英语综合能力，培养了我良好的听说语感，对提高词汇量和阅读也很有帮助，同时还让我了解了很多西方文化知识。在随后的中级口译和高级口译考试中，我发挥正常，双双过关！”（备注：周逸群同学已于2006年被保送到清华大学）

上海市2009年高考状元郑妍（上海中学）：“新东方的高级口译课程帮助我更加自信地迈入大学校园，感谢邱政政老师以及所有帮助过我的口译老师们。”

上海市2008年高考状元赵文睿（上海中学）：“在上海新东方学过听说特训等很多课程。为了在去香港大学就读前充分、全面地提高听、说、读、写、译的英语综合能力，我在这个暑假选择了高级口译课程。”

上海市2007年高考状元胡文琦（上海中学）：“口译，是上海近几年越来越热的一门证书考试，含金量非常高。为此，我充分利用暑假时间，力求英语能力更上一层楼。早就听说新东方蜚声海外，但苦于一直没有机会报读。高考成绩出来后，我便第一时间报读了新东方的中级口译暑期强化班。”

上海市2006年高考状元武亦文（格致中学）：“没想到在新东方学口译，给我带来如此大的精神震撼！并为我即将步入复旦大学的学习打下坚实的英语基础！”（备注：武亦文同学已被复旦大学录取）

上海市2005年高考状元罗璐（杨浦高级中学）：“上了新东方的听说特训班后，感觉收获很大。接着我又学习了新东方的旗舰课程——口译，确实名不虚传。这里的老师对口译的五本教程和历年口译考试真题深入、精准的归纳与分析是赢得学员爱戴和信任的‘根’；新东方一贯的高密度、快节奏、大容量的授课模式和他们激情飞扬、幽默诙谐并体现‘新东方精神’的讲课风格是得到学员喜爱与拥护的‘本’。‘根、本’问题都解决了，我还有其他选择吗？”（备注：罗璐同学已被清华大学录取）

2005首届上海口译风采大赛冠军袁雁悦（上外附中，17岁）：“我要真诚地感谢上海新东方学校，在新东方的日子是我度过的最美好的时光。这里的口译老师帮助我提高了英文实力，还给了我人生奋斗的激情和勇气，让我能够不断对自己提出更高的挑战，我的梦想是长大后成为一名真正的译员。经过这次大赛，我更有信心了！”

2007第三届上海口译风采大赛亚军赵欣悦（复旦附中高一，16岁）：“口译大赛的亚军对我来说也算是一个不小的殊荣，是对我这段时间学习口译的鼓励，同时也是对新东方口译教育的肯定。今年寒假在新东方500人的课堂上学习中口的感觉意犹未尽，相信新东方的‘高级译员研修班’将为我拓宽今后的口译之路。”高校组

全国高级口译最高分（257.5分）得主，高口班（GY097）傅蓉（北京国际关系学院）：“衷心感谢上海新东方高口老师们的细心辅导，没有他们的帮助与鼓励，我也不可能取得如此好的成绩。预祝所有准备参加高口考试的同学们都能取得满意的成绩！”

2007第三届上海口译风采大赛冠军毕竞邺（上海交大）：“学习高口时我选择了上海新东方，除了口碑之外，一方面也是冲着新东方‘绝望中寻找希望’的精神。事实证明，这个选择是相当正确的，也正是通过在新东方的那段口译学习，使我重新树立了自信。我热爱新东方的氛围，更希望有朝一日能够加入新东方大家庭！”

2007第一届上海松江口译风采大赛冠军田俊（上外）：“‘追求卓越，挑战极限，从绝望中寻找希望，人生终将辉煌。’新东方的这句至理名言将永远指引着我朝更大、更远的目标前进。我也深信：你的梦想也将从新东方起航！”

2006年9月高级口译最高分得主包舒苏（苏大）：“难得有机会make myself heard。感谢上海新东方中级口译和高级口译班的老师们，曾经被你们独一无二的才华和意志所倾倒，感谢新东方，感谢新东方的论坛（www.shnosbbs.com）和口译名师们的博客，感谢我的选择，大家加油！”

2006年3月高级口译最高分得主张京忻（上外）：“上海新东方的口译教室很大，能容纳五百个人吧。每个口译学员都很认真，学习氛围很浓厚。由于大家的目标一致，新东方也是一个交流心得、结交朋友的好地方。”“新东方的口译老师，无论是听力、阅读、笔译还是口译，中英文功底都是一流的，课也讲得超好，老师们还很懂得调动课堂气氛，真正做到了寓教于乐、授之以渔。希望有朝一日，我也能成为新东方口译教研组的一员！”

2006第二届上海口译风采大赛冠军叶茵（复旦）：“我觉得新东方的口译培训绝不仅仅是应试培训，新东方的口译老师能够寓教于乐，授之以渔，给我们更多长期有用的东西，比如‘做口译的一种思维，一种反应，一种感觉’，有点只可意会而不可言传的味道，很棒！”

华东师范大学双胞胎姐妹花王亦奕、王子然（华师大）：“高中时代，我们俩在新东方老师的精彩讲解和悉心指导下，双双通过了中口。接下来在新东方继续读高口，开始阶段，我们都有些跟不上，尤其是口译和阅读两部分，但是所有教我们的老师都耐心地指导我们，不断地鼓励我们，并传授了我们许多好方法。通过高口的那天，我们深深感激新东方的老师们——在学习口译的道路上，总有你们相伴左右！”白领组

上海国际银行金融学院最年轻的市场总监林晓东：“在新东方学口译的成果真是大大出乎我的意料，新东方听说速成班和高级口译班上四位著名的口译专家，像邱政政老师等，给我的英语学习带来了一种全新的理念和态度，他们的讲课还包含着对西方文化的深入理解和探讨！”

上海电视台“第一财经”实习编辑王明月：“在口译老师的帮助下，我逐渐感到口译似乎不再那么可怕了，规律也仿佛尽在掌握。贴心的新东方老师还根据我们的实际水平量身定制每日甚至是每小时的考前系统复习计划，这般如有神助，自然得心应手。在最专业和权威的老师的指导下，我顺利拿到了中级和高级口译证书。”

2007第三届上海口译风采大赛季军、最具人气奖得主王重阳（重点中学英语教师，31岁）：“我首先要感谢新东方。因为平日工作的关系，没有时间来新东方上课，但是我却一直关注着新东方，关注新东方口译的一切信息。我通过了高口，是因为我没放过任何一个新东方的口译讲座和新东方的网上课程。为了参加此次比赛，我放弃了很多，放弃了双胞胎儿子，放弃了丈夫和家庭的责任，没有他们的支持，我可能不会有勇气走上这个舞台。”Unit 1Education教育Background Knowledge背景信息

随着经济、技术的迅速发展，教育也越来越受到各国政府的重视。很多人认为：未来世界各国的竞争归根到底是人才（talents）的竞争。因此人们开始思考：教育的真正目的是什么？仅仅为了拿到一纸文凭已经是过时（out of date）的观点。英国的教育学家卡罗尔·安·汤姆利森曾说过：“学校教育的核心任务是最大程度地激发学生的潜力（potential）。”而父母作为孩子的第一任老师，不应该把教育简单等同于成绩，而是应该看到孩子的潜力，为开发他们的潜力提供必要的空间。

追求学位（pursue a degree）是提升个人文化素养（cultural literacy）的有效方式之一，但如果盲目地把学历和工作成就联系起来，你不免要经历失望，因为社会需要的是对其发展有用的人，而非只会读书的人。

与此同时，父母在子女教育上的投资（investment）也日益增多，这也给家庭造成了一定的经济负担（economic burden）。有些学生靠申请助学贷款完成大学学习，但不景气的（struggling）就业市场（job market）又让他们对未来感到迷茫。因此，如何平衡好（balance）教育投资、教育收益以及发掘自身潜力这三者之间的关系，已成为需要全社会共同思考的问题。Passage 1

Every year, it costs British students more and more to attend university. Students are graduating with larger and larger debts. So is a college degree really worth it?

①In 2006, the UK government started to allow universities in England and Wales to charge British students tuition fees. As a result, more than 80 percent of students in England and Wales now take out a student loan in order to go to university.

They use the loan to pay for tuition fees and living expenses. Although the interest on student loans is quite low, it begins as soon as the student receives the loan.

The average student in England and Wales now graduates from university with a debt of around £12,000 (122,952 yuan). ②It means graduates have to struggle to pay rent on a flat, because they have to start paying back the student loan when they reach the April after graduating. If you start to earn over £15,000 (153,630 yuan) a year, the government takes repayments directly from your monthly salary.

You might think that a person with a degree would find it easy to get a well-paid job. However, most people in "white-collar jobs" seem to have a degree, so there is a lot of competition. ③Also, British companies tend to value work experience over a piece of paper.

All of the above is beginning to make British people question whether a university degree is really worth the money. Even before the credit crisis started, the BBC stated: "The number of British students at UK universities has fallen for the first time in recent history, from 1.97 million in 2007 to 1.96 million last year (2008)."

"Student poverty" is now considered a real problem. ④Meanwhile, the British universities offer more and more of the available places to richer international students rather than poorer British students. What does the future hold for British higher education?Word Bank难词突破

■　tuition fee*　　学费Eg. The tuition fee is much higher than his parents expected.

■　living expenses*　　生活费Eg. If you live in a big city, you have to pay high living expenses.

■　struggle　　v. 抗争；努力；争取Eg. They struggled to pay their bills.

■　repayment*　　n. 还款；偿还Eg. The loan is due for repayment by the end of next year.

■　monthly salary*　　月薪Eg. His monthly salary is paid by cheque. 

■　credit crisis　　信用危机，信贷危机Eg. Iceland was hit unprecedented （史无前例地） hard by the credit crisis.

■　available  a. 可用的，现成可使用的Eg. This was the only room available. 

■　higher education*　　高等教育Eg. The government will attach great importance to higher education.

标*的为基础口译考试必备词汇。Notes on Translation译海拾贝① In 2006, the UK government started to allow universities in England and Wales to charge British students tuition fees.【难句解析】 charge在这里意为“收费”，但该词有多个含义，比如：in charge of意为“负责”，charge the battery则指“充电”，a murder charge表示“一项谋杀罪指控”。【参考译文】 2006年，英国政府开始允许英格兰和威尔士的大学向学生收取学费。② It means graduates have to struggle to pay rent on a flat, because they have to start paying back the student loan when they reach the April after graduating.【难句解析】 struggle to do sth. 意为“挣扎着做某事”，pay back表示“偿还”。与pay有关常见词组还有：pay off“奏效；付清”；pay the price for sth.“为……付出代价”；pay one's way“自食其力”。【参考译文】 这意味着毕业生不得不为付房租而挣扎，因为他们在毕业后的四月份就要开始偿还助学贷款。③ Also, British companies tend to value work experience over a piece of paper.【难句解析】 此处的a piece of paper指的是上文的degree（学位），也可以理解成我们所说的diploma（毕业文凭）。value...over表示“更看重……而不是……”。【参考译文】 同样，英国公司常常更看重的是工作经验，而非一纸文凭。④ Meanwhile, the British universities offer more and more of the available places to richer international students rather than poorer British students.【难句解析】 rather than可译为“而不是”。关于rather的基本用法如下：rather本身为副词，意为“非常地，相当地”，如：He fell and hurt his leg rather badly. （他跌倒了，腿伤得很重。）would rather...than意为“宁愿”，如：I would rather stay at home than go out with him. （我宁愿待在家里，也不想和他出门。）【参考译文】 与此同时，英国大学把越来越多的入学机会提供给了有钱的留学生，而不是贫穷的英国学生。Reading Comprehension阅读理解1 What does the phrase "take out" probably mean in the second paragraph?A. to go awayB. to pull outC. to apply forD. to give out2 What makes British students question the worth of a university degree?A. Higher university expenses.  B. Lower education quality.C. A higher interest rate on student loans.D. Greater difficulty obtaining student loans.3 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Every student in England and Wales now graduates from university with a debt of ￡12,000.B. Graduates have to start paying back the student loan after their graduation, so they have to try their best to pay rent on a flat.C. The government takes repayment directly from their salary after they graduate.D. A person with a degree is surely to find a well-paid job.4 What does the BBC statement imply?A. The credit crisis is coming.B. A university degree is not worth the money.C. "Student poverty" is a real problem.D. The number of British students who went to university in 2008 is less than that of 2007.5 What is the main idea of this passage?A. Fewer and fewer British students go to university.B. All the students take out a student loan to pay their tuition fees.C. "Student poverty" has become a real problem in British society.D. More international students choose to study at UK universities.Translation Practice翻译练笔1. 由于全球经济危机，大学毕业生很难找到理想的工作。____________________, it is very hard for a graduate to find an ideal job.2. 只有通过赚更多的钱，年轻人才能支付高额的生活费用。Only by earning more money can young people ____________________.3. 这个国家的人民正在为他们的独立而奋斗。People of this nation ____________________.4. 你们这里还有更多的空房间吗？Do you have ____________________？5. 如今越来越多的年轻人接受了高等教育。Nowadays more and more young people ____________________.6. Students are graduating with larger and larger debts. （Paragraph 1）7. If you start to earn over ￡15,000 (153,630 yuan) a year, the government takes repayments directly from your monthly salary. （Paragraph 4）8. However, most people in "white-collar jobs" seem to have a degree, so there is a lot of competition. （Paragraph 5）9. All of the above is beginning to make British people question whether a university degree is really worth the money. （Paragraph 6）10. "Student poverty" is now considered a real problem. （Paragraph 7）Cultural Notes文化视窗Institutions of Higher Education

Increasing numbers of young people are being encouraged to continue their education or training at university or in other higher education institutions such as art colleges. By the year 2000, around a third of young people in England and Wales, 40% in Scotland and 45% in Northern Ireland were continuing education at a more advanced level beyond the age of 18.

Universities are funded indirectly by central government grants. They enjoy complete academic freedom, appoint their own staff, decide which students to admit, provide their own courses and award their own degrees. Admission is by selection on the basis of A level results, school references and an interview. Degrees are awarded after successful continuous work assessment and final examinations.Passage 2

When your parents advise you to "get an education" in order to raise your income, they tell you only half the truth.①What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society.

Get a high school diploma, at least. Without that, you will be occupationally dead unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison, and you can successfully drop out in grade school.

Get a college degree, if possible.②With a B.A., you are on the launching pad. But now you have to start to put on the brakes. If you go for a master's degree, make sure it is an M.B.A., and only from a first-rate university. Beyond this, the famous law of diminishing returns begins to take effect.

Do you know, for instance, that long-haul truck drivers earn more per year than full professors? Yes, the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $24,000, while the full professors managed to earn just $ 23,030.

A Ph.D. is the highest degree you can get. ③Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes, if you pursue such a degree in any other field, you will face a dim future. There are more Ph.D.s unemployed or underemployed in this country than any other parts of the world.

If you become a Ph.D. in English or history or anthropology or political science or languages or—worst of all—in philosophy, you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands. Not for our needs, mind you, but for our demands.

Thousands of Ph.D.s are selling shoes, driving cars, waiting on table, and endlessly filling out applications month after month. They may also take a job in some high school or backwater college that pays much less than the gatekeeper earns.

You can equate the level of income with the level of education only so far. ④Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gross national product, but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.Word Bank难词突破

■　diploma*　　n. 毕业文凭Eg. He will graduate in June with a diploma in management.

■　diminishing return　　收益递减Eg. Our efforts were producing diminishing returns.

■　specialized*　　a. 专门的Eg. Those who have specialized skills are often paid a lot.

■　commercial*　　a. 商业的；商业化的Eg. This movie seems far too commercial.

■　dim　　a. 暗淡的；隐约的Eg. This light is too dim for us to read.

■　anthropology　　n. 人类学Eg. She majors in anthropology.

■　equate　　v. 使相等Eg. Parents should not equate education with exam success.Notes on Translation译海拾贝① What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society.【难句解析】 此处的manpower是指“人力”，provide sth. for sb. / provide sb. with sth.表示“提供，给予”，如：This company provides tempting salary for high-skilled employees.（该公司为高技能员工提供诱人的薪水。）【参考译文】 他们真正的意思是接受足够的教育，为社会出力。② With a B.A., you are on the launching pad. But now you have to start to put on the brakes.【难句解析】 此处B.A.为Bachelor of Arts的缩写，指“文学学士”。launching pad意为“（航天器的）发射台”，这里引申为“职场的起跳板”。put on the brakes指“刹车”，这里引申为“谨慎对待是否继续深造的问题”。此句的翻译采用意译法，即为了更好地表达原文的意思而不拘泥于原文的形式。【参考译文】 有了学士学位，你便站在了起跳板上。然而现在，你就要谨慎对待是否继续深造的问题了。③ Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes, if you pursue such a degree in any other field, you will face a dim future.【难句解析】 句中的定语从句可以采用“重复后置法”来翻译，即重复先行词，将定语从句译成后置并列分句：“除非一些专业领域如物理学、化学等，这些领域的学位可以迅速转化为工业或商业用途”。a dim future意为“惨淡的未来”。【参考译文】 除非一些专业领域如物理学、化学等，这些领域的学位可以迅速转化为工业或商业用途，但如果你攻读其他专业的学位，就将面临一个惨淡的未来。④ Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gross national product, but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.【难句解析】 gross national product，缩写为GNP，指“国民生产总值”。turn a profit on sb./sth.表示“在某人/某事上获取利润”，如：The company turned a big profit on this deal. （该公司在这笔生意中获利颇丰。）【参考译文】 让自己对国民生产总值有用就足够了，但千万不要到没人可以从你身上获得利润的程度。Reading Comprehension阅读理解1 In the writer's opinion, the society expects people to become _________ after receiving education.A. loyal citizensB. skilled employeesC. a source of manpowerD. experts2 Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Diploma is of no use.B. To pursue a degree in physics definitely has a promising future.C. People should carefully consider whether they should further their study after getting a college degree.D. The advice given by parents is not worth considering.3 The nation is only interested in people ________.A. who major in physics and chemistryB. with diplomasC. who are useful to the gross national productD. with Ph.D.s4 According to the passage, why are many Ph.D.s out of job?A. They only prefer those jobs that make more money.B. They are overeducated.C. There are fewer jobs in job market.D. They are of little commercial value to their society.5 What is the main idea of the passage?A. People should not pursue a degree in Ph.D.B. Education is to make people useful to the gross national product and become a source of manpower for the society.C. To get a high school diploma is enough for working in the society.D. Parents usually don't tell truth to their children.Translation Practice翻译练笔1. 我们应当清楚地意识到：接受教育不仅仅只是为了得到一张文凭。（diploma）2. 掌握一门专门的技能能帮助你找到一份更好的工作。（specialized）3. 根据这份合同，这些照片不能被用作商业目的。（commercial）4. 教育学家指出：父母不应该把孩子的考试成绩等同于其未来发展。（equate）5. 全球资源正在迅速减少。（diminish）6. When your parents advise you to "get an education" in order to raise your income, they tell you only half the truth. （Paragraph 1）7. If you go for a master's degree, make sure it is an M.B.A., and only from a first-rate university. （Paragraph 3）8. Beyond this, the famous law of diminishing returns begins to take effect.（Paragraph 3）9. There are more Ph.D.s unemployed or underemployed in this country than any other parts of the world. （Paragraph 5）10. They may also take a job in some high school or backwater college that pays much less than the gatekeeper earns. （Paragraph 7）Reading Tips阅读点睛常见阅读文章体裁介绍：1 叙事类：以时间顺序为主，阅读时要抓住故事的起承转合。纯粹的叙事类文章在如今的英语考试中出现的概率越来越低，相反，出现比较多的是叙事和说理相结合的文章。对于这类文章，首先要看懂说理

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