作者：柴可夫,马纲
出版社：中国中医药出版社
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
食材性味与功效试读：
前言
食材是指烹制食物时所需、所用的原材料。我国幅员辽阔、地形复杂、气候多样，孕育着丰富的食材资源。自古以来便有“民以食为天”之说。炎黄子孙受大自然之馈赠，获取食材，使生命能够延续，从而使我中华民族得以繁衍不息。
在中医药理论指导下的饮食养生文化是祖国历史文化中的一颗璀璨的明珠。以食材之味，取药材之性，从而达到养生的目的。《内经·素问·脏气法时论》有言：“五谷为养，五果为助，五畜为宜，五菜为充，气味合而服之，以补益精气。”唐代“药圣”孙思邈曰：“食能排邪而安脏腑，悦神爽志，以资血气。若能用食平疴，释情遣疾者，可谓良工。”又曰：“夫为医者，当须先洞晓病源，知其所犯，以食治之，食疗不愈，然后命药。”由此可见食疗养生的重要性。因此，我们申请了国家公益性行业科研专项项目《中国食材性味归经功效理论系统整理研究》（项目编号：200807012），对近600味食材进行了整理研究，并从中精选出250味，编撰了《中国食材考》，以供人们参考运用。
随着我国对外开放的深入，与国外的交流日益频繁，很多外国人士来到中国，对中国食物都是赞不绝口，百吃不厌。并常常随之对中国的饮食文化产生浓厚的兴趣。因此，我们在《中国食材考》的基础上，针对国外人士的饮食习惯以及对中国食物的喜好，从中挑选出120味食材，编撰了此书。书中主要介绍了每味食材的基原或来源、采收加工或制法、性味、归经、功用、服食方法、食宜食忌、储藏等内容，并配以彩图，图文并茂，以利于读者查阅。本书采用中英文对照的形式，以便于读者参考查阅。编者希冀此书能够对国内外民众的饮食生活产生积极的影响，并能够对中医食养文化在世界的弘扬与传播做出一点贡献。
由于编者水平所限，书中可能出现不妥之处，还请专家和广大读者提出宝贵意见。
Preface
Food ingredients in this book refer to materials that are needed and used when cooking food.China is a country with vast territory,complex terrain and various climates,and produces rich food resources.There is an old saying in China: “Food is what matters to the people”.Chinese people receive food as gift from nature so that lives descend,and the nation sustains.
The diet health preserving culture under the guidance of TCM theories is a bright pearl in Chinese history and culture.Tasted as food,functioned as medicine,and health is preserved.“Neijing·Suwen·Zangqifashilun” has a saying: “Five grains as the main food,five animals as the supplement,five fruits and five vegetables as the complement,take the food when their nature and flavor are compatible,so as to tonify the essence and qi.” The “Herb Saint” Sun Simiao in Tang Dynasty said: “Food can dispel evils and restore Zangfu,uplift spirit,so as to nourish blood and qi.It can be called a masterpiece if one can use food to relieve illness,calm the mood,and cure the disease.” He also said: “As a doctor,one should have an insight to the origin of the illness,know its symptoms,and treat it by food.If food therapy doesn’t work,then medication follows.”All above shows the importance of diet health preserving.We applied a National Nonprofit Industries Scientific Research Project—“A Systematic Collection of Chinese Food Ingredients on the Theories of Nature,Flavor,Meridian Entry,and Function”(Project code: 200807012),we compiled 600 food materials and selected 250 of them to be published as “Chinese Food Ingredients Study”.
With the deepening of China’s opening-up,international exchange has rapidly increased.Many foreigners come to China,and are deeply impressed by Chinese foods,which often grows their interests on Chinese food culture.Therefore,on the base of“Chinese Food Ingredients Study”,considering foreign people’s diet habits and their preference to Chinese foods,we selected 120 food ingredients to compile this book.The book mainly introduces the origin,collection/processing,flavor/properties,channels entered,function,indications,preparation/consumption,cautions/contraindications,and storage of each food ingredient,and we illustrated pictures to help reader to make reference.The book is written by a Chinese-English bilingual way to help reader to understand.We hope this book will have some positive influence on the diet of people both domestic and international,and make contribution to the spread of TCM diet health preserving culture to worldwide.
There might be something inappropriate in the book,so criticisms and corrections are warmly welcome.
谷豆类
Grains and Beans小麦
Xiao Mai
【基原或来源】为禾本科植物小麦Triticum aestivum L.的种仁。【采收加工或制法】
夏季成熟时收割，脱粒后晒干贮藏或磨成面粉。购买时以麦粒饱满完整，黄棕色者为佳。【性味】性微寒，味甘。无毒。【归经】入心、脾、肾经。【功用】
养心益肾，除热止渴，健脾止泻，敛汗通淋。适宜于各种人群，尤其是脏躁，烦热，虚汗，消渴，泄泻，乳痈，外伤出血，淋病，烫伤者食用。【服食方法】
麦仁可煎汤饮用；面粉可煮粥、蒸馒头、烙饼、做手擀面等，也为饼干、面包、方便面等多种食品的原料；也是制作啤酒、酒精的常用原料。【食宜食忌】
脾胃湿热者、小儿食积者慎食。民间有“麦吃陈，米吃新”的说法，存放时间长些的面粉比新磨的面粉的品质为好。【储藏】
可盛放于密封容器内，置于阴凉、干燥、通风处。Xiao Mai
Wheat【Origin】
It is the kernel of Triticum aestivum L.of family Poaceae.【Collection/Processing】
Collect the ripe fruit in summer.Thresh the seed and dry in the sun or grind into powder.The kernel which is plump and complete with yellowish-brown color is of good quality.【Flavor/Properties】Slight cold in nature,sweet in taste and non-toxic.【Meridian Tropism】Heart,Spleen and Kidney.【Functions and Indications】
Nourish heart and tonify kidney,relieve heat and quench thirsty,invigorate spleen to check diarrhea,arrest sweating and relieve stranguria.It is suitable for all the people,especially those who have hysteria,dysphoria with smothery sensation,sweating due to debility,diabetes,diarrhea,acute mastitis,traumatic bleedings,stranguria,scalding,etc.【Preparation/Consumption】
The kernel can be used to cook soup,the powder to cook porridge,make steamed bun,bake pancake,make handmade noodles,or be used as the raw material for making biscuit,bread,instant noodles,beer and alcohol,etc.【Cautions/Contraindications】
The one who has dampness and heat in spleen or stomach,children with infantile indigestion due to food retention should take it with caution.As the saying goes:Wheat is better to be consumed after storage,while rice before storage.The folk people believe that the long-term preserved flour is better than the new-ground in quality.【Storage】
Preserved in air-tight container in cool,dry and well-ventilated place.
燕麦
Yan Mai
【基原或来源】为禾本科植物燕麦Avena fatua L.的种仁。【采收加工或制法】
夏季收割成熟果实，晒干后，去皮壳备用。购买时以颗粒完整、外表光润呈黄褐色者为佳。【性味】味甘，性平。无毒。【归经】入脾、大肠经。【功用】
补虚，止汗，滑肠。适宜于久病体虚，纳差，便秘，自汗、多汗、盗汗等人食用。【服食方法】
煮粥，研末作面蒸饼，研末炒熟、开水冲调食，或加工成各种燕麦制品。【食宜食忌】
肠滑易泻者慎食。【储藏】
置于阴凉、干燥、通风处，防蛀防潮。Yan Mai
Oat【Origin】
The seed kernel of Avena fatua L.,in the family of Poaceae.【Collection/Processing】
Harvest mature fruit in summer,dry in the sun,and remove the peel and the shell for use.It is best to purchase the oats with full grain,smooth appearance and yellowish brown color.【Flavor/Properties】Sweet in flavor,neutral in nature,and non-toxic.【Meridian Tropism】Spleen and Large Intestine.【Functions and Indications】
Tonify deficiency,suppress sweating,and lubricate intestine.Weakness due to long-term illness,poor appetite,constipation,spontaneous perspiration,hidrosis and night sweat.【Preparation/Consumption】
It can be cooked congee,ground into powder to make steamed cake or to be fried,mixed in food with boiling water,or processed into various oat products.【Cautions/Contraindications】
Those with intestinal smooth or diarrhea should be cautious to take it.【Storage】
It should be put at shady,cool,dry and ventilate place,with moth proofing and moisture proofing.
粳米
Jing Mi
【基原或来源】为禾本科稻属植物稻（粳稻）OryzasativaL.去壳的种仁。【采收加工或制法】
秋季颖果成熟时采收，脱下果实，晒干，除去稻壳即可食用。购买时以外观完整、坚实、饱满、无虫蛀、无霉点、无异物夹杂者为佳。【性味】性平，味甘。【归经】入肺、脾、胃经。【功用】
健脾和胃，补中益气，除烦渴，止泻痢。适宜于各类人群，尤其是脾胃虚弱，食少纳呆，倦怠乏力，心烦口渴，泻下痢疾者食用。【服食方法】
可煮粥食用，也可加工成爆米花等食品。【食宜食忌】1
煮粥时不宜放碱，因其会破坏粳米中的维生素B，导致脚气病。【储藏】
贮于干燥的有盖容器内，置于阴凉、干燥、通风处保存，以防虫蛀。Jing Mi
Polished Round-grained Rice【Origin】
It is the shelled seed of Oryza sativa L.of japonica rice of family Poaceae.【Collection/Processing】
Collect the ripe caryopsis in autumn.Pick up the rice and dry in the sun.Remove the rice hull for consumption.The rice which is complete,solid,plump without damage by worms,mildew and impurities is of good quality.【Flavor/Properties】Moderate in nature and sweet in taste.【Meridian Tropism】Lung,Spleen and Stomach.【Functions and Indications】
Invigorate spleen and harmonize stomach,tonify the middle energizer and invigorate qi,relieve polydipsia and diarrhea.It is suitable for all the people,especially for those who have deficiency of spleen and stomach,poor appetite and indigestion,lassitude and fatigue,vexation and thirsty,diarrhea and dysentery,etc.【Preparation/Consumption】
Cook soup or process as popcorn,etc.【Cautions/Contraindications】
It is unadvisable to put soda when cooking porridge because soda can ruin Vitamin B1 in the rice and result in beriberi.【Storage】
Preserved in a dry container with a cover in cool,dry and well-ventilated place to prevent from borer.
黄豆
Huang Dou
【基原或来源】为豆科植物大豆Glycine max（L.）Merr.的种皮黄色的种子。【采收加工或制法】
秋季果实成熟后采收，取其种子晒干。【性味】味甘，性平。【归经】入脾、胃、大肠经。【功用】
健脾利水，导滞通便，解毒消肿。适用于食积泻痢，腹胀纳食呆，脾虚水肿，疮痈肿毒者食用。【服食方法】
煮食、炒食、制豆浆、做豆腐、磨粉制饼等。【食宜食忌】
不宜多食，痛风患者不宜食用。【储藏】
置阴凉干燥处，防潮防蛀。Huang Dou
Soybean【Origin】
It is the yellow seed of Glycine max(L.)Merr.of family Leguminosae.【Collection/Processing】
Collect the ripe fruit in autumn and take the seed to dry in the sun.【Flavor/Properties】Sweet in flavor and moderate in nature.【Meridian Tropism】Spleen,Stomach and Large Intestine.【Functions and Indications】
Invigorate spleen to promote water metabolism,remove stagnancy to relieve constipation,detoxicate and relieve swelling.Used for diarrhea due to stagnated food,poor appetite due to abdominal distention,edema due to spleen deficiency,carbuncle,etc.【Preparation/Consumption】
Cook,stir-fry,make soybean milk or toufu,or grind into powder to make cake,etc.【Cautions/Contraindications】
It should not be taken too much and the person who has gout should not take the bean.【Storage】
It should be preserved in cool and dry place and prevented from moisture and moth.
绿豆
Lü Dou
【基原或来源】为豆科植物绿豆 Phaseolusradiatus L.的种子。【采收加工或制法】
秋季果实成熟采收，晒干。【性味】味甘，性凉。【归经】入心、肝、胃经。【功用】
清热解毒，利水消暑。适用于中暑预防，暑热烦渴，水肿尿少，霍乱吐泻，风疹瘙痒，疮疡痈肿，药食中毒者使用。【服食方法】
煎汤、煮食、生研绞汁或研末食用。【食宜食忌】
胃寒者忌食。【储藏】
置于阴凉干燥处，防蛀。Lü Dou
Mung Bean【Origin】
It is the seed of Phaseolus radiatus L.of family Leguminosae.【Collection/Processing】
Collect the ripe seed in autumn and dry in the sun.【Flavor/Properties】Sweet in flavor and cool in nature.【Meridian Tropism】Heart,Liver and Stomach.【Functions and Indications】
Clear heat to detoxicate,promote water metabolism and relieve summer heat.Used for prevention of heatstroke,polydipsia due to summer heat,edema and oligurie,vomit and diarrhea due to cholera,itching skin due to rubella,carbuncles,medicine or food poisoning,etc.【Preparation/Consumption】
Decoct soup,cook,squeeze juice or grind into powder for consumption.【Cautions/Contraindications】
The one who has stomach cold should not take it.【Storage】
It should be preserved in cool and dry place and prevented from moth.
黑大豆
Hei Da Dou
【基原或来源】为豆科大豆属植物大豆Glycine max（L.）Merr.的黑色种子。【采收加工或制法】秋季果实成熟时采收，晒干。【性味】味甘，性平。【归经】入肾、脾、心经。【功用】
补肾利水，调中下气，活血祛风，解毒消肿。适用于肾虚腰痛，水肿胀满，黄疸脚气，风痹痉挛，风痉口噤，痈肿疮毒，食物中毒者使用。【服食方法】
煮食，炒食，捣粉作糕，捣汁饮等。【食宜食忌】
脾胃虚弱者慎食。【储藏】
置阴凉干燥处，防潮、防蛀。Hei Da Dou
Black Soybean【Origin】
It is the black seed of soybean plants of Glycine max(L.)Merr.in the family of Leguminosae.【Collection/Processing】
Collect the ripe seed in autumn and dry the seed in the sun.【Flavor/Properties】Sweet in flavor and moderate in nature.【Meridian Tropism】Kidney,Spleen and Heart.【Functions and Indications】
Tonify kidney and promote water metabolism,regulate the middle energizer and descend adverse qi,activate blood and expel wind,detoxicate and subside swelling.Used for lumbago due to kidney deficiency,edema and tumescence,jaundice and beriberi,spasm due to wind arthralgia,convulsion due to wind and trismus,carbuncles and poisonous sores,food poisoning,etc.【Preparation/Consumption】
Cook,stir-fry,grind into powder to make cake or make juice.【Cautions/Contraindications】
The one who has deficiency of spleen and stomach should take the soybean with caution.【Storage】
Preserved in cool and dry place and prevented from moisture and moth.
薏苡仁
Yi Yi Ren
【基原或来源】为禾本科薏苡属植物薏苡Coix lacryma-jobi L.var.ma-yuen（Romanet）stapf.的成熟种仁。【采收加工或制法】
早熟种在大暑前后收获；晚熟种于霜降前后收获。待果实成熟后，采割全株，晒干后打下硬壳果实，再用碾米机碾去果壳及种皮，筛掉糠屑，收取种仁，再晒干后备用。购买时以颗粒完整饱满、色白、气味清新者为佳。【性味】味甘、淡，性微寒。【归经】入肺、脾、胃、肾经。【功用】
健脾益胃，利水消肿，舒筋除痹，清热排脓。适宜于脾胃虚弱，食欲不振，水肿，喘息，淋病，脚气，泄泻，带下，风湿痹痛，筋脉拘挛，肺痈，肠痈，扁平疣者食用。【服食方法】
可煎汤，煮粥，烧饭，炖羹，蒸食，做菜肴，酿酒，熬糖，磨成面粉用或加工成各种副食品等。【食宜食忌】脾弱中气下陷者、大便难者及孕妇慎食。【储藏】
宜贮藏于密封容器中，置放于阴凉、干燥、通风处，常翻晒，以防蛀防潮。Yi Yi Ren
Coix Seed【Origin】
It is the ripe kernel of Coix lacryma-jobi L.var.ma-yuen(Romanet)stapf.of family Poaceae.【Collection/Processing】
The early maturing variety should be collected around Great Heat (12th solar term) while the late maturing variety around Frost's Descent (18th solar term).Collect the whole plant when the fruit is ripe,dry the plant and take the fruit with hard testa,remove the shell and testa by a rice mill and sieve the chaff crumbs to collect the kernel.Dry the kernel in the sun for consumption.The kernel which is complete and plump with white color and fresh odor is of good quality.【Flavor/Properties】Tasteless and sweet in taste,slightly cold in nature.【Meridian Tropism】Lung,Spleen,Stomach and Kidney.【Functions and Indications】
Invigorate spleen and tonify stomach,promote water metabolism to relieve edema,sooth tendon to relieve pain,clear heat and discharge pus.Used for deficiency of spleen and stomach,poor appetite,edema,asthma,stranguria,beriberi,diarrhea,leukorrhea,pain due to wind and heat,spasm of tendons,lung abscess,intestine abscess,plane warts,etc.【Preparation/Consumption】
Cook soup and porridge,stew thick soup,steam,make dishes,brew wine,boil sugar,grind into powder or process as subsidiary foodstuff.【Cautions/Contraindications】
The one who has spleen defi ciency with middle qi sinking,diffi cult bowel movement and the pregnant women should take it with caution.【Storage】
Preserved in air-tight container in cool,dry and well-ventilated place.Bask it in the sun to prevent from moth and moisture.
蔬菜类
Vegetables白菜
Bai Cai
【基原或来源】为十字花科芸薹属植物大白菜Brassica pekinensis Rupr.的叶球。【采收加工或制法】
秋、冬季采挖，除去泥土备用。选购时以叶球紧密严实、鲜嫩、无虫害者为佳。【性味】味甘，性平。【归经】入胃、膀胱大肠、小肠经。【功用】
养胃止渴，利尿下气。适宜于脾胃不和、食积，热淋，便秘，丹毒，咽喉不利、喑哑，皮肤粗糙，气管炎，咳嗽，腮腺炎者使用。【服食方法】
可凉拌、炒食、做汤、做馅，腌制成泡菜，榨汁做饮料等。【食宜食忌】
脾胃虚寒、大便溏泻者不宜多食。【储藏】
用保鲜膜密封后放于冰箱保存；有条件者可置于地窖内贮藏。Bai Cai
Chinese Cabbage【Origin】
The leaf ball of Brassica pekinensis Rupr.in the family of Cruciferae.【Collection/Processing】
Collected in autumn or winter,and ready for use after getting rid of the mud.Tips for purchase: it is advised to choose the one with tight leaf ball,fresh and tender,and no insect bites.【Flavor/Properties】Sweet in flavor and neutral in nature.【Meridian Tropism】Stomach,Bladder,Large Intestine and Small Intestine.【Functions and Indications】
Nourish the stomach and quench thirst,diuresis and descends qi.Recommended for those with spleen-stomach disharmony,food accumulation,heat strangury,constipation,erysipelas,laryngopathy,loss of voice,pachycosis,tracheitis,cough or mumps.【Preparation/Consumption】
It can be used for salad,stir-fried,made into soup,used as stuffing,pickled pickles ,or juiced into beverage.【Cautions/Contraindications】
Large quantity of consumption is not recommended for those with deficiency cold of the spleen and stomach or loose stool.【Storage】
Sealed up with freshness-keeping plastic film to be stored in refrigerator.It can also be stored in cellar.
小白菜
Xiao Bai Cai
【基原或来源】为十字花科芸薹属植物青菜Brassica chinensis L.的幼株。【采收加工或制法】
四季皆可采收，以冬季者为上。选购时以菜体青翠，叶片完整者为佳。【性味】味甘，性凉。【归经】入肺、胃、大肠、小肠经。【功用】
消食利肠，生津止渴，化痰止嗽。适宜于脾胃不和，食积，便秘，小便不利，消渴，心中烦热，肺热咳嗽，酒醉不醒，疮毒者使用。【服食方法】
可凉拌，炒食，煮汤，腌渍，油炸，作火锅或麻辣烫配菜，榨汁做饮料等。【食宜食忌】
素体脾胃虚寒易泄泻者慎食；服用甘草、白术、苍术等药者忌食。【储藏】
保鲜膜密封，放于冰箱冷藏，可保存1周。Xiao Bai Cai
Pakchoi【Origin】
The young plant of Brassica chinensis L.in the family of Cruciferae.【Collection/Processing】
It can be collected all year round,but those in winter is preferred.Tips for purchase: the one with green body and full leaf blades is better.【Flavor/Properties】Sweet in flavor and cool in nature.【Meridian Tropism】Lung,Stomach,Large Intestine and Small Intestine.【Functions and Indications】
Promote digestion and benefits intestine,promote saliva production to quench thirst,resolve phlegm to stop coughing.Recommended for those with spleen-stomach disharmony,food accumulation,constipation,difficulty in micturition,wasting thirst,feverish dysphoria,cough with lung heat,drunkness,or sores.【Preparation/Consumption】
It can be used for salad,stir-fried,boiled,pickled,or deep-fried,and it can also be used as side dishes for chafing dish,or squeezed to make juice.【Cautions/Contraindications】
Use caution for those who are prone to have diarrhea due to deficiency cold of the spleen.Those who are using Licorice Root,Large-headed Atractylodes Rhizome or Swordlike Atractylodes Rhizome must not use it.【Storage】
It can be stored in refrigerator for one week,sealed up with plastic wrap.
甘蓝
Gan Lan
【基原或来源】为十字花科芸薹属植物结球甘蓝Brassica oleracea L.var.capitata L.的球茎、叶。【采收加工或制法】
全年皆可采收，春栽夏收称作夏甘蓝，夏栽秋收称作秋甘蓝。选购时以菜体完整、大小适中，无虫蛀、色泽鲜绿者为佳。【性味】味甘，性平。【归经】入胃、肾经。【功用】
清热止痛，健胃补肾。适宜于胃及十二指肠溃疡，肾气不足，关节不利，失眠，头晕耳鸣，健忘，老年痴呆者使用。【服食方法】
可凉拌、炒食，做汤，做火锅配菜，腌制等。【食宜食忌】
胃溃疡、胆囊炎等患者宜食；脾胃虚寒、泄泻者慎食。【储藏】
放于阴凉、通风处或冰箱冷藏保鲜；亦可放地窖内贮藏。Gan Lan
Broccoli【Origin】
The corm and leaf of Brassica oleracea L.var.capitata L.of Brassica genus in the family of Cruciferae.【Collection/Processing】
It can be collected all year round.The one planted in spring and harvested in summer is called summer kohlrabi,and the one planted in summer and harvested in autumn is called autumn kohlrabi.Tips for purchase: it is advised to choose the one with integrated shape,moderate size,no insect bites,and bright green color.【Flavor/Properties】Sweet in flavor and neutral in nature.【Meridian Tropism】Stomach and Kidney.【Functions and Indications】
Expel heat to alleviate pain,invigorate the stomach and kidney.Recommended for those with gastric or duodenal ulcer,deficiency of kidney-qi,joints detriment,insomnia,dizziness and tinnitus,amnesia,or senile dementia.【Preparation/Consumption】
Make salad,stir-fried,made into soup,used as side dishes for chafing dish,or pickled.【Cautions/Contraindications】
Highly recommended for those with gastric ulcer or cholecystitis.Use with caution for those with deficiency-cold of spleen and stomach or diarrhea.【Storage】
Stored in shady and ventilated area or cold-stored in refrigerator to keep freshness.It can also be stored in cellars.
黄瓜
Huang Gua
【基原或来源】为葫芦科植物黄瓜Cucumis sativus L.的果实。【采收加工或制法】
夏季采收果实；鲜用。【性味】味甘，性凉。无毒。【归经】入肺、脾、胃经。【功用】
清热利水，解毒利咽。用于热病口渴，咽喉肿痛，小便短赤，水火烫伤。【服食方法】
生食、腌食、炒食、绞汁饮。【食宜食忌】
脾胃虚寒者慎食。【储藏】
放阴凉处保存。Huang Gua
Cucumber【Origin】
It is the fruit of Cucumis sativus L.of family Cucurbitaceae.【Collection/Processing】
Collect the fruit in summer and take the fresh form.【Flavor/Properties】Sweet in flavor,cool in nature and non-toxic.【Meridian Tropism】Lung,Spleen and Stomach.【Functions and Indications】
Clear heat and promote urination,detoxicate and relieve sore throat.Used for thirst due to febrile disease,sore throat,scanty urine in dark color,scalding.【Preparation/Consumption】
Take the fresh fruit,or pickle,stir-fry,squeeze juice.【Cautions/Contraindications】
The one who has deficiency-cold of spleen and stomach should take it with caution.【Storage】
Preserved in cool place.
番茄
Fan Qie
【基原或来源】为茄科植物番茄Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.的果实。【采收加工或制法】
夏、秋季果实成熟时采收，洗净，鲜用。【性味】味甘、酸，性微寒。【归经】入肝、肺、胃经。【功用】
清热解毒，生津止渴，养血平肝，健胃消食。适用于咽干舌燥，烦热口苦，食欲不振，目糊不清，牙衄头晕，褥疮溃烂者使用。【服食方法】
煎汤、煮粥、炒食、生食、绞汁服或做酱；外用：捣烂外敷。【食宜食忌】
大便溏烂者忌用。【储藏】
放阴凉干燥处保存。Fan Qie
Tomato【Origin】
It is the fruit of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.of family Solanaceae.【Collection/Processing】
Collect the ripe fruit in summer and autumn,clean the fruit for fresh use.【Flavor/Properties】Sweet and sour in flavor,slightly cold in nature.【Meridian Tropism】Liver,Lung and Stomach.【Functions and Indications】
Clear heat and detoxicate,generate saliva to quench thirst,nourish blood and sooth liver,invigorate stomach and promote digestion.Used for dry throat or parched tongue,vexation and bitter taste,poor appetite,blurred vision,gum bleeding,dizziness,bedsore,etc.【Preparation/Consumption】
Make soup,cook porridge,stir-fry,consume the fresh fruit,squeeze juice or make ketchup.Mash the fruit for external use.【Cautions/Contraindications】
It is contraindicated for the person who has loose stool.【Storage】
Preserved in cool and dry place.
胡萝卜
Hu Luo Bo
【基原或来源】为伞形科植物胡萝卜Daucus carota L.var.sativa Hoffm.的根。【采收加工或制法】
冬季采挖根部，除去茎叶、须根，洗净。【性味】味甘、微辛，性平。【归经】入肺、脾经。【功用】
健脾宽中，养肝明目，化痰止咳，清热解毒。用于食积脾虚，纳呆胃胀，痢疾泄泻，雀目眼花，咳嗽气喘，麻疹水痘。【服食方法】
生 食 、 炒 食 、 煮粥、捣汁等。【食宜食忌】
不宜多食。【储藏】
放阴凉处保存。Hu Luo Bo
Carrot,Daucus Carota【Origin】
The root of Daucus carota L.var.sativa Hoffm.in the Family of Apiaceae.【Collection/Processing】
Collected the root in winter,and cooked after it has been cleaned and the stem,leaves,rootlets have been removed.【Flavor/Properties】Sweet and slightly acrid in flavor and moderate in nature.【Meridian Tropism】Lung and Spleen.【Functions and Indications】
Strengthen spleen to soothe the middle,nourish liver to improve visual acuity,resolve phlegm to stop coughing,and clears away heat and toxic materials.Used to resolve food accumulation due to spleen asthenia,anorexia due to gastric distention,diarrhea due to dysentery,night blindness and dim eyesight,shortness of breath due to coughing,measles and chickenpox.【Preparation/Consumption】
It can be eaten raw or be fried,boiled into porridge,or made into juice.【Cautions/Contraindications】
Consumption of high quantities is not recommended.【Storage】
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