作者：印建坤
出版社：群言出版社
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
（2016)考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（高分版)(新东方考研英语培训教材)试读：
前言——写给考研阅读理解想考高分的人
印老师，您好！我是一名考研学生，正在准备考研英语的复习。我听说复习阅读理解做历年的真题非常有效，可历年真题就那么十几套，我就不用再做其他的练习题目了吗？
这个问题具有很强的代表性，我对这个问题的回答是：考研英语阅读理解真题具有极大的参考价值，但是，只研究真题不做更多的练习题目是绝对行不通的！在每年的考试现场，都有很大比例的考生无法在规定时间内答完试卷，与成功“失之交臂”。造成这个问题最主要的原因就是考生对阅读理解部分不够熟练，占用了太长的考试时间。如果想在规定时间内答完试卷，就必须要加快解答阅读题目的速度，而提高阅读理解的速度的最好办法就是多做阅读理解练习。
在多年的考研英语教学过程中，曾经有无数学生问过我同样一个问题：“考研阅读理解用什么课后练习册呢？”坦率地讲，每次遇到这个问题我都不知该从何回答。因为这个问题非常复杂，对于不同的考生会有不同的答案。一个考生如果选择了比自己能力高出许多倍的练习册，那么后果肯定会是灾难性的——在无数次不必要的打击之后，该考生会坚定自己考不上的信念。反之，如果一个考生选择了比自己能力低许多的练习册，那么在做了很多练习之后考生看到的是虚假的繁荣景象，他会错误地以为自己已经达到了考试的最佳状态，以致在考试时“马失前蹄”。所以，考生在选择阅读理解课后练习的时候最重要的一个原则就是：选择适合自己的。不同水平的考生应该选择不同难度的练习册，这样才能真正做到事半而功倍。《考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（基础版）》自从2006年8月份问世以来受到了广大考研考生的热烈支持和喜爱，成为最畅销的考研英语阅读理解课后练习类图书之一。在此，谨代表我本人向广大读者的支持表示诚挚的谢意。但是，《考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（基础版）》编写时针对的主要是英语基本功一般或者不够扎实的考生。它能够帮助这类考生在阅读理解部分得到24~28分（该部分满分40分）。而对于那些英语基本功很扎实、想在考研英语考试中取得高分的考生来说，《考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（基础版）》是远远不够的。
为了满足各类考生的不同需求，经过3年多的努力之后，笔者终于编写完成了《考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（高分版）》。这本书的难度要比基础版高出一个层次。编写这本书的主要目的是为了帮助英语基本功优秀的考生反复演练各种考试技巧，在大量练习之后提高解题速度，以期在阅读理解部分达到28分以上的水平。
和《考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（基础版）》一样，本书的所有文章全部来自于英美国家的权威报纸杂志，主要包括Newsweek, Times, New York Times, Scientific American, Economist等。题目的命制思路也是完全仿照了历年考试的真题，所有题目已经被多位曾参加过研究生入学考试的的名校在读研究生反复检测。希望本书可以为广大考生在考研英语复习的道路上保驾护航，也祝愿广大考生能够心想事成，在考试中取得好成绩！印建坤
Unit ONE
TEXT ONE
In technology today, there's the big three: Microsoft, Google, Apple. Today, Apple is perhaps the most successful company in the world. Google and Microsoft may get less attention and love, but they're still giant players in search and advertising (Google) and PC operating systems and software (Microsoft). Last week, the two behemoths released earnings. And the results suggest that the highly valuable enterprises are showing signs of maturation, and perhaps even age. At both companies, the core businesses that fueled impressive early growth are falling off. To compensate, Google is pushing into lower-margin related businesses.
Google's sagging earnings—accidentally released early because of human clerical error on the part of their filing firm—revealed two worrisome trends for the search-and-advertising giant. Some 96 percent of Google's revenue comes from selling ads and nearly 70 percent of that revenue comes from sites Google owns, like its search page. But Google is plowing cash into hardware like smartphones and tablets. Google CEO Larry Page said in a statement before a call with analysts that“we took a big bet on Android back in 2005,”and that, today,“over half a billion Android devices”have been sold, with 1.3 million coming online every day.
This is all true, Android is the most popular smart phone standard in the world. No one doubts Android's growth or usefulness as a counterweight to Apple in smartphone operating systems. In the words of the Samsung ads, it's not just“the next big thing”but the big thing. But it's still not clear exactly how Google will make money from its foray into smartphone operating systems and handsets. Google's $12.5 billion acquisition of Motorola, the handset maker, last May, took a big chunk out of the company's quarterly profits. This was the first quarter that the costs of the Motorola acquisition showed up on Google's earnings. Motorola also helps explain the most impressive number Google could report, a 45 percent growth in revenues over the year. Google's third-quarter revenue jumped from $9.7 billion to $14.1 billion, but $2.58 billion of that came from Motorola—more than half.
Google's core Web-and-search business, despite falling off in profitability, still reported strong results. Revenues from websites Google owns came in at $7.73 billion, about two thirds of Google's total revenue. Less payments to sites in Google's network for driving traffic to Google's ads, revenues came in at $11.33 billion, a 15 percent jump from third quarter of 2011. That's not bad. But it turns out that Google is having to spend more to get traffic. Cost-per-click, the revenue generated by an advertiser every time a user clicks on an ad placed by Google, decreased 15 percent since this time last year.
Which helps explain the foray into hardware. Larry Page, Google's CEO, spent a good chunk of his remarks before the earnings call hyping Google's new hardware: the Nexus 7 and the Chromebook, the ultrathin laptop manufactured by Samsung that bears a certain resemblance to another company's offerings (it's also much, much cheaper).
But here's the problem: hardware is a low-margin, tough industry for everyone besides Apple. IBM, America's original high-tech innovative-growth company, got out of the PC business in 2005, while HP and Dell are struggling. And with the PC market coming under pressure from Apple and smartbooks, Microsoft—the original hypergrowth company—is under pressure and trying to find something else that works. Ironically, Microsoft has been aiming at one of the markets that Google dominates.
As Google and Microsoft slug it out in hardware, online advertising, and search in future, Apple sits in its walled garden, looking on with a mix of indifference and glee.1. From the first paragraph, we may infer that______.
［A］Microsoft is still the giant player in search and advertising
［B］Google's core businesses had fueled impressive early
growth
［C］lower-margin related businesses would have a bright future
［D］Google's revenue mainly comes from selling ads2. The word“sagging”(Line 1, Paragraph 2) most probably means______.
［A］rising
［B］descending
［C］variable
［D］steady3. What had Google done to push into lower-margin related businesses?
［A］Google accidentally released its sagging earnings.
［B］Google had bought over half a billion Android devices.
［C］Google is investing into hardware.
［D］Google has devised a method to make money from its foray
into smartphone operating systems and handsets.4. We may infer from Google's practices that______.
［A］the acquisition of Motorola has slashed Google's revenue
growth
［B］Google's core business yields less profits than before
［C］users click the mouse much than before
［D］Google is still backing its foray into hardware5. The writer's attitude to Google's foray into hardware can be said as______.
［A］biased
［B］objective
［C］sympathetic
［D］optimistic文章剖析
本文主要讲述谷歌的核心业务开始下滑，它转而推进低利润业务。第一段概述微软、谷歌和苹果的地位，指出微软和谷歌的核心业务开始下滑，引出谷歌正在推进低利润业务的事实；第二、三段介绍谷歌投资低利润业务所采取的行动，如倚重安卓系统、收购摩托罗拉；第四段分析谷歌面临的业绩下滑的问题；第五、六段进一步分析谷歌向低利润的硬件投资的动向和面临的竞争压力；第七段指出谷歌与微软未来的竞争，以及苹果公司的观望态度。词汇注释
behemoth n. 巨头；巨兽；庞然大物
clerical adj. 文书或办事员的；教士的
foray n.（改变职业、活动的）尝试，涉足；突袭；攻击
resemblance n. 相似；相似之处
slug v. 重击；偷懒；动作迟缓
margin n. 利润；边缘；空白
counterweight n. 平衡力；平衡物
hype v. 大肆宣传；使…兴奋
hypergrowth n. 高速增长
glee n. 快乐；欢欣难句突破
① Google CEO Larry Page said in a statement before a call with analysts that“we took a big bet on Android back in 2005,”and that, today,“over half a billion Android devices”have been sold, with 1.3 million coming online every day.
主体句式 ...Larry Page said in a statement...that...and that...
结构分析 本句是一个复合句，修饰成分较多。before a call with analysts为时间状语。that...and that同时作said的宾语，句末的with + n. +现在分词构成了介词短语，作伴随状语。
句子译文 谷歌的首席执行官拉里·佩奇在致电分析师之前的一次声明中说，“2005年，我们在安卓上下了一大笔赌注”，今天，“5亿多安卓设备”已被销售出去，每天网上的订购量有130万件。
② As Google and Microsoft slug it out in hardware, online advertising, and search in future, Apple sits in its walled garden, looking on with a mix of indifference and glee.
主体句式 Apple sits in...
结构分析 这是一个复合句，是由as引导的时间状语句型，“slug it out”意思是“决一雌雄”，looking on with...是分词短语用作伴随状语。
句子译文 尽管未来谷歌和微软将在硬件、网络广告和搜索领域一决雌雄，苹果公司却端坐在“带有围墙的花园”里，用一种漠然和欣喜混杂的态度观望着。题目分析1. From the first paragraph, we may infer that______.
［A］Microsoft is still the giant player in search and advertising
［B］Google's core businesses had fueled impressive early
growth
［C］lower-margin related businesses would have a bright future
［D］Google's revenue mainly comes from selling ads中文释译1. 由第一段我们可以推断出______。［A］微软仍然是搜索和广告领域的泰斗［B］谷歌的核心业务曾推动了其早期的显著发展［C］低利润业务前景光明［D］谷歌的收益主要来自于销售广告
答案：B 难度分析：☆☆☆
分析：细节题。文章第一段主要讲述了微软、谷歌和苹果的地位，指出微软和谷歌的核心业务正在下滑，谷歌正在推动低利润的业务。选项A说“微软”仍然是搜索和广告领域的泰斗，而文中该句描述的是谷歌，因此可排除。文中只指出谷歌正在推动低利润业务，并未预测其前景光明，故C选项错误。选项D本身的表述是正确的，但是该表述是第二段的内容，明显与题意不符。只有B选项的表述最符合题意，故为答案。2. The word“sagging”(Line 1, Paragraph 2) most probably means______.
［A］rising
［B］descending
［C］variable
［D］steady中文释译2. 单词sagging（第二段第一行）最有可能的意思是______。［A］上升的［B］下降的［C］多变的［D］稳定的
答案：B 难度分析：☆☆☆
分析：猜词题。文中第一段提到，上周谷歌和微软两巨头发布了利润情况，结果显示，推动其早期显著发展的核心业务正在下滑，为了弥补这一状况，谷歌正在推动低利润的业务。据此可推测，第二段的第一句指的应该是利润下降，起到承接上文的作用，因此B选项最符合题意，故为答案。3. What had Google done to push into lower-margin related businesses?
［A］Google accidentally released its sagging earnings.
［B］Google had bought over half a billion Android devices.
［C］Google is investing into hardware.
［D］Google has devised a method to make money from its foray
into smartphone operating systems and handsets.中文释译3. 为了推进低利润业务，谷歌采取了什么行动？［A］谷歌意外地公布了其利润下降。［B］谷歌已买进五亿多安卓设备。［C］谷歌正在投资硬件。［D］谷歌已找到了一个方法，即通过涉足智能手机操作系统和手机来获利。
答案：C 难度分析：☆☆☆
分析：细节题。题目要求找出谷歌为了推进低利润业务所采取的行动。选项A很明显不是谷歌为了推进低利润业务而采取的行动，故排除。根据文章二、三段可知，谷歌正在向智能手机和平板电脑这样的硬件投资，开始侧重销售安卓系统，并收购摩托罗拉。因此B选项不符合题意。由第三段中的it's still not clear exactly how Google will make money from...可知，谷歌将如何从涉足智能手机操作系统和手机领域来获利，尚不得而知，故D选项错误。只有C选项最符合题意，故为答案。4. We may infer from Google's practices that______.
［A］the acquisition of Motorola has slashed Google's revenue
growth
［B］Google's core business yields much less profits than before
［C］users click the mouse much than before
［D］Google is still backing its foray into hardware中文释译4. 我们可以从谷歌采取的行动中推知______。［A］收购摩托罗拉削减了谷歌的收益增长［B］谷歌的核心业务与以前相比获取的利润少多了［C］用户点击鼠标的次数比以前多了［D］谷歌仍在力推其在硬件领域的尝试
答案：D 难度分析：☆☆☆☆
分析：推理题。文章的第三段提到，谷歌收购摩托罗拉使年收益率增长了45%，因此A选项错误。第四段提到，谷歌的核心业务——网络搜索，尽管收益率有所下滑，但业绩依然不菲，因此B选项在文中找不到依据。C选项意为用户点击鼠标的次数比以前多了，而文中讲述的是谷歌是以用户点击谷歌网页上的广告次数来产生利润的，自去年此时以来利润下降了15%，故C选项错误。只有D选项可以由谷歌采取的一系列措施推断得出，故为答案。5. The writer's attitude to Google's foray into hardware can be said as______.
［A］biased
［B］objective
［C］sympathetic
［D］optimistic中文释译5. 作者对谷歌涉足硬件领域的态度可以说是______。［A］有偏见的［B］客观的［C］同情的［D］乐观的
答案：B 难度分析：☆☆
分析：态度题。文中首先讲述了微软、谷歌和苹果的地位，接着分析了谷歌开始进军低利润的硬件投资领域，文章最后指出，尽管未来谷歌和微软将在硬件、网络广告和搜索领域一决雌雄，苹果公司却端坐在“带有围墙的花园”里，用一种漠然和欣喜混杂的态度观望着。可见，作者理性地分析了谷歌的处境，但并没有明确表明自己的看法，因此作者的态度是比较客观的。参考译文
当今的科技领域有三大巨头：微软、谷歌和苹果。目前，苹果也许是世界上最成功的公司。虽然谷歌和微软可能受到较少的关注和喜爱，但是谷歌依然是搜索和广告领域的泰斗，微软仍然是电脑操作系统和软件方面的巨擘。上周，谷歌和微软两巨头发布了其利润情况。结果显示，这两个市值极高的公司正显露出成熟的迹象，甚至可能是衰退的迹象。在这两个公司里，推动其早期显著发展的核心业务正在下滑。为了弥补这一现状，谷歌正在推进低利润的业务。
谷歌利润下降——这一消息意外提早公布是由于其文员在给公司归档文件时出现了失误——这透露出这个搜索和广告巨头令人担忧的两大趋势。谷歌约96%的收益来自于广告销售，其中收益的近70%来自于谷歌旗下的网站，比如搜索网页。但是谷歌正在向智能手机和平板电脑这样的硬件投资。谷歌的首席执行官拉里·佩奇在致电分析师之前的一次声明中说，“2005年，我们在安卓上下了一大笔赌注”，今天，“5亿多安卓设备”已被销售出去，每天网上的订购量有130万件。
毋庸置疑，安卓是世界上最受欢迎的智能机标准。作为能与苹果智能手机操作系统相抗衡的系统，没有人怀疑安卓的发展或者有效性。用三星电子的广告词说，它不仅是“明日之星”，也是眼下的大热门。但是关于谷歌将如何通过涉足智能手机的操作系统和手机来获利，仍不得而知。去年五月，谷歌以125亿美元收购了手机制造商摩托罗拉，花费了谷歌季度利润的一大部分。这是收购摩托罗拉的费用体现在谷歌利润情况中的第一个季度。摩托罗拉也诠释了谷歌报告中惊人的数字，即年收益率增长了45%。谷歌第三季度的收益从97亿美元跃至141亿美元，但是其中25.8亿美元——超过一半的收益——来自于摩托罗拉。
谷歌的核心业务——网络搜索，尽管收益率有所下滑，但业绩依然不菲。来自于谷歌旗下网站的收入达到了77.3亿美元，约为谷歌总收益的三分之二。收费较少的是谷歌网络中将流量引向广告的网站，其收益达到了113.3亿美元，比2011年第三季度突增了15%。这样的业绩还不错。但是结果证明，谷歌不得不花费更多以获得流量。每点击一次的费用，也就是用户每点击一次谷歌上投置的广告，广告客户所带给谷歌的收益自去年此时以来利润就下降了15%。
这也有助于解释谷歌涉足硬件领域的原因。拉里·佩奇是谷歌的首席执行官，他在接到盈利电话之前大肆宣传谷歌新的硬件：Nexus 7和Chromebook。这些是三星制造的超薄笔记本电脑，和其他公司的产品有一定的相似之处，但它们的价格却更便宜。
但是还有一个问题：对于任何一家公司，除苹果之外，硬件产业都是一个低利润且运营艰难的产业。IBM是美国老牌的高科技创新型增长公司，该公司在2005年退出了个人电脑行业，而惠普公司和戴尔公司也正在挣扎。随着个人电脑市场受到了来自于苹果和智能机的压力，微软这个最早高速发展的公司也面临着压力并尝试寻找其他可行的办法。具有讽刺意味的是，微软正瞄准了谷歌主导的市场之一。
尽管未来谷歌和微软将在硬件、网络广告和搜索领域一决雌雄，苹果公司却端坐在“带有围墙的花园”里，用一种漠然和欣喜混杂的态度观望着。
TEXT TWO
He emerged, all of a sudden, in 1957: the most explosive new poetic talent of the English post-war era. Poetry specialised, at that moment, in the wry chronicling of the everyday. The poetry of Yorkshire-born Ted Hughes, first published in a book called The Hawk in the Rain when he was 27, was unlike anything written by his immediate predecessors. Driven by an almost Jacobean rhetoric, it had a visionary fervour. Its most eye-catching characteristic was Hughes's ability to get beneath the skins of animals: foxes, otters, pigs. These animals were the real thing all right, but they were also, armorial devices—symbols of the countryside and lifeblood of the earth in which they were rooted. It gave his work a raw, primal stink.
It was not only England that thought so, either. Hughes's book was also published in America, where it won the Galbraith Prize, a major literary award. But then, in 1963, Sylvia Plath, a young American poet whom he had first met at Cambridge University in 1956, and who became his wife in the summer of that year, committed suicide. Hughes was vilified for long after that, especially by feminists in America. In 1998, the year he died, Hughes broke his own self-imposed public silence about their relationship in a book of loose-weave poems called Birthday Letters. In this new and exhilarating collection of real letters, Hughes returns to the issue of his first wife's death, which he calls his“big and unmanageable event”. He felt his talent muffled by the perpetual eavesdropping upon his every move. Not until he decided to publish his own account of their relationship did the burden begin to lighten.
The analysis is raw, pained and ruthlessly self-aware. For all the moral torment, the writing itself has the same rush and vigour that possessed Hughes's early poetry. Some books of letters serve as a personalised historical chronicle. Poets' letters are seldom like that, and Hughes's are no exception. His are about a life of literary engagement: almost all of them include some musing on the state or the nature of writing, both Hughes's own or other people's. The trajectory of Hughes's literary career had him moving from obscurity to fame, and then, in the eyes of many, to life-long notoriety. These letters are filled with his wrestling with the consequences of being the part-private, part-public creature that he became, desperate to devote himself to his writing, and yet subject to endless invasions of his privacy.
Hughes is an absorbing and intricate commentator upon his own poetry, even when he is standing back from it and good-humouredly condemning himself for“its fantasticalia, its pretticisms and its infinite verballifications”. He also believed, from first to last, that poetry had a special place in the education of children.“What kids need”, he wrote in a 1988 letter to the Secretary of State for Education in the Conservative Government,“is a headful [sic] of songs that are not songs but blocks of refined and achieved and exemplary language.”When that happens, children have“the guardian angel installed behind the tongue”. Lucky readers, big or small.1. The poetry of Hughes's forerunners is characteristic of______.
［A］its natural, crude flavor
［B］its distorted depiction of people's daily life
［C］its penetrating sight
［D］its fantastical enthusiasm2. The word“vilified”(Line 4, Paragraph 2) most probably means______.
［A］tortured
［B］harassed
［C］scolded
［D］tormented3. According to the third paragraph, Hughes's collection of letters are______.
［A］the exact reason responsible for both his fame and notoriety
［B］personalized description of his double identity as a public
and a private figure
［C］reflections of his struggle between his literary devotion and
the reality
［D］his meditation and exploration on the literary world and the
essence of literature4. From the letters, we may find the cause of Hughes's internal struggle is______.
［A］his eager and unsatisfied passion for literature
［B］that he is a part-private, part-public creature
［C］that he is constrained by the fear of his privacy being
exposed to the criticism of the public
［D］the moral torment exerted by himself5. By“lucky readers”in the last sentence, the author means______.
［A］children who are imparted with the beauty and wisdom of
poetry
［B］children who have a headful of fantastic and verbally
perfect songs
［C］children who own blocks of refined and achieved and
exemplary language
［D］children who are believed to have the guardian angel
installed behind the tongue文章剖析
本文讲述了英国著名诗人特德·休斯作品的特点和其所反映出来的诗人的一些情况。第一段讲述休斯诗歌的特色；第二段讲述诗人因其妻子的原因而编写了一部书信集的情况；第三段讲述这本书信集的特点和反映的情况；第四段讲述休斯对诗歌的看法和态度。词汇注释
wry adj. 枯燥乏味的
rhetoric n.（措词、文体的）浮夸与修饰
armorial adj. 徽章的
stink n. 气息，气味
muffle vt. 压抑，阻止
notoriety n. 恶名，臭名，声名狼藉
intricate adj. 难以理解的
predecessor n. 前辈，前任
fervour n. 热情
lifeblood n. 生命力或生命之源的力量
eavesdropping n. 偷听
trajectory n. 道路，轨迹
absorbing adj. 吸引人的，非常有趣的难句突破
① But then, in 1963, Sylvia Plath, a young American poet whom he had first met at Cambridge University in 1956, and who became his wife in the summer of that year, committed suicide.
主体句式 But then Sylvia Plath... committed suicide.
结构分析 这是一个同位语带有定语从句的复合句。whom和who引导的两个定语从句修饰a young American poet，整体作为Sylvia Plath的同位语。
句子译文 但是在1963年，西尔维亚·普拉斯自杀了，1956年，他在剑桥大学第一次见到这个年轻的美国诗人，当年夏天成为了他的妻子。
② These letters are filled with his wrestling with the consequences of being the part-private, part-public creature that he became, desperate to devote himself to his writing, and yet subject to endless invasions of his privacy.
主体句式 These letters are filled with his wrestling...
结构分析 这是一个简单句，难点在于最后两个形容词短语（desperate to devote himself to his writing, and yet subject to endless invasions of his privacy）的成分。这两个形容词短语用来修饰前面的名词creature，而creature后面紧跟着的that引导的从句也是修饰它的定语从句。
句子译文 这些信中处处都显现出休斯因为自己成为半私人、半公开这样一种人物而反复挣扎的心理，他渴望全身心地投入文字当中，但私人空间又时时受到侵扰。题目分析1. The poetry of Hughes's forerunners is characteristic of______.
［A］its natural, crude flavor
［B］its distorted depiction of people's daily life
［C］its penetrating sight
［D］its fantastical enthusiasm中文释译1. 休斯之前的诗人们创作的诗歌的特点是______。［A］自然、原始的风味［B］对人们日常生活的变形描写［C］洞穿一切的视角［D］梦幻式的热情
答案：B 难度分析：☆☆☆
分析：细节题。本文第一段讲述了休斯诗歌的特点。第一段第二句说明了当时的诗歌盛行的特色是the wry chronicling of the everyday，紧接着第三句就指出，休斯的作品不同于他前辈的诗歌，接下来的几句都是讲述休斯作品具体是什么特色。由此可以推理，第二句所描写的就是其前人作品的特点，是“对日常生活的变形描写”，故选项B为正确答案。2. The word“vilified”(Line 4, Paragraph 2) most probably means______.
［A］tortured
［B］harassed
［C］scolded
［D］tormented中文释译2. vilified这个词（第二段第四行）最有可能的意思是______。［A］折磨［B］骚扰［C］斥责［D］折磨
答案：C 难度分析：☆
分析：猜词题。这个词的意思要根据上下文来推断。该词出现的前一句讲述休斯的妻子，一位美国诗人自杀了。紧接着就说，该事件发生后很长一段时间里，美国的女权主义者对休斯采取了行动。后面又讲述了休斯在去世之前将他与妻子的关系以书信集的方式讲述出来，直到这本集子出版，他的负担才得以减轻。那么休斯一直背负着的就是一种精神负担，这是由那些女权主义者造成的，可能性比较大的就是一种精神上的谴责，故答案C最为符合。3. According to the third paragraph, Hughes's collection of letters are______.
［A］the exact reason responsible for both his fame and notoriety
［B］personalized description of his double identity as a public
and private figure
［C］reflections of his struggle between his literary devotion and
the reality
［D］his meditation and exploration on the literary world中文释译3. 从第三段可以得知，休斯的书信集是______。［A］同时给他带来声誉和恶名的直接原因［B］关于他作为一个公共人物和一个个人这种双重身份的个性化描述［C］他在文学信仰与现实间挣扎的反映［D］他对文学世界的思考和探索
答案：D 难度分析：☆☆☆☆
分析：推理题。根据文章第三段，休斯的这本书信集和一般的书信集不同，不是陈述自己的经历，而是所有书信都包含有对自己或对别人作品的思考，是对他的文学思想的展示。最后一句是说，从这些书信中可以看出，他为是要把自己完全展示在作品中，还是要维护个人隐私而苦苦挣扎过。从这些描述可以看出，该书信集主要是对他的文学观点的一些表述，从中可以看出他的思想发展历程，因此答案D最符合。A和B选项与第二段关系较为密切，因此与本题无关。选项C看似有理，但要注意休斯并不是在文学与现实之间的挣扎，而是一种在文学世界中探索的痛苦挣扎。4. From the letters, we may find the cause of Hughes's internal struggle is______.
［A］his eager and unsatisfied passion for literature
［B］that he is a part-private, part-public creature
［C］that he is constrained by the fear of his privacy being
exposed to the criticism of the public
［D］the moral torment exerted by himself中文释译4. 由休斯的书信可以看出，休斯内心挣扎的原因在于______。［A］他对文学的那种热切和无法满足的激情［B］他是一个半隐秘、半公开的人物［C］他在文学创作中担心自己的私人生活被暴露在公众批评之中［D］他加在自己身上的道德折磨
答案：C 难度分析：☆☆☆
分析：细节题。题干要求找出休斯内心挣扎的原因，这在第三段最后一句中有所提及。文章指出，书信中处处都流露出休斯和自己半隐密、半公开这么一个双重身份进行斗争的印迹：一方面他想完全投入创作，而另一方面又担心自己的隐私会受到侵害。可以看出，休斯内心之所以挣扎，是由于他一面想要在作品中展示自己，而在现实中又想保护自己的隐私，因此答案C最为符合。5. By“lucky readers”in the last sentence, the author means______.
［A］children who are imparted with the beauty and wisdom of
poetry
［B］children who have a headful of fantastic and verbally
perfect songs
［C］children who own blocks of refined and achieved and
exemplary language
［D］children who are believed to have the guardian angel
installed behind the tongue中文释译5. 文章最后一句话中的“幸运的读者”指的是______。［A］那些被灌输了诗歌是优美的和智慧的这种概念的孩子［B］那些脑子里装满了精彩、优美歌曲的孩子［C］那些会讲精致、优雅的语言的孩子［D］那些语言能力高超的孩子
答案：A 难度分析：☆☆
分析：细节题。理解这句话需要结合上下文，文章最后一段主要是讲述休斯认为诗歌在教育孩子方面发挥着特殊的作用，他认为孩子需要的是诗歌，是精致、完美的语言，如果真的拥有这些了，那么孩子的语言能力就会出神入化，那他们就是幸运的读者了。虽然四个答案都仿佛正确，但从根本上来说，是因为读诗，孩子才会拥有以上所说的一切，才是幸运的，而且本段也着重强调诗歌对于教育孩子的重要性。因此，最佳答案为A。参考译文
1957年，他横空出世，成为战后英国最具爆炸性的诗坛天才。当时，诗歌的主要题材皆是日常生活中乏味的琐事。但出生在约克郡的特德·休斯的作品却与其前辈截然不同，他27岁时在名为《雨中的鹰》一书中发表了第一首诗。受詹姆士一世风格的影响，其诗歌呈现出一种梦幻般的激情，其最显著的特点是，休斯可以描述动物外表下面的东西，无论是狐狸、水獭还是猪。这些动物的确是真实的，但同时又是标志性的，代表着乡村，代表着它们植根的地球的生命之源。正是这一点赋予了其作品一种野性和原始的气息。
这一点不仅仅在英国得到认同。休斯的书也在美国出版，并且赢得了一项重要的文学奖——加尔布雷思奖。但是在1963年，西尔维亚·普拉斯自杀了，1956年他在剑桥大学第一次见到这个年轻的美国诗人，当年夏天成为了他的妻子。这之后很长的时间里，休斯都受到人们的谴责，尤其遭到美国女权主义者的抨击。1998年，也就是休斯去世的那一年，他在自己一本名为《生日信札》的结构松散的诗集中公开了他俩的关系，打破了自己一直以来的缄默。在这本令人兴奋的新书信集中，休斯回忆了他第一个妻子的死，称此事对于他来说是“难以处理的大事情”。他感觉自己的一举一动都受到监视，他的天赋因而受到了制约。直到决定公开自己与妻子的关系后，他身上的负
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