作者：圣才电子书
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李荫华《全新版大学英语综合教程（5）》（第2版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】试读：
Unit 1
一、词汇短语
Text A
rocker [5rCkE] n. 摇的人；摇杆；摇椅；摇滚歌手【例句】Then she went back to the rocker to think. 然后她走到摇椅边，坐下来思索。
tick [tik] n. 滴答声；记号，勾号
vt. 标以记号；打勾号于
vi. 发出滴答声【例句】The clock ticked louder and louder in a quiet room. 钟的嘀答声在静静的房间里变得越来越响。【词组】tick off 列举
tick （away） （指钟等）发出滴答声
tick sth. （off） 在（项目等）旁边做核对记号
on tick 赊账，凭信用【助记】（钟表的）滴答声记忆：钟走动的声音而造出tick，嘀哒声。
rhythm [5riWEm] n. 节奏，韵律；（身体、季节等）规律性变化【例句】She rippled a lively rhythm on the violin. 她在小提琴上奏出轻快的节奏。【助记】音乐好听的理由（reason）是因为有节奏（rhythm）。
cricket [5krikit] n. 蟋蟀；板球
adj. 公正的【例句】It’s not cricket to cheat at cards. 在玩牌时出老千不是正人君子所为。
churn [tFE:n] n. 搅乳器
v. 搅拌，搅动；翻滚【例句】This factory churns out lots and lots of cars a day. 这家工厂一天可生产很多汽车。【词组】churn out大量生产
sob [sRb] v. & n. 抽泣，呜咽【例句】The child sobbed loudly. 这个孩子大声地哭泣。【派生】sobbing adj. 湿透的
ambition [Am5biFEn] n. 雄心，抱负；野心
vt. 急于获得，妄想得到【例句】I never ambitioned it. 我从来不妄想得到它。【词组】achieve/realize/fulfil one's ambitions 达到目标[实现抱负/得偿夙愿]【助记】皆音：“俺必胜”→有雄心，I’m必胜。【派生】ambitious adj. 野心勃勃的；有雄心的；热望的；炫耀的
expressive [iks5presiv] adj. 表现的，有表现力的，富于表情的【例句】It's an expressive piece of music. 这是一首抒情乐曲。【词组】expressive force 表现力
expressive function 表达功能；表现功能
an expressive face, gesture 富有表情的脸﹑姿势
a look expressive of despair 表示绝望的神情
words expressive of gratitude表示感谢的话
an expressive nod富有意味的点头
puss [pus] n. 猫；小姑娘，少女；脸，（尤指撅起的）嘴【例句】You're a pretty puss, aren't you? 你是一只漂亮的小猫，对吗？
regardless [ri5^B:dlis] adj. 不注意的，不留心的【例句】I must make the decision regardless. 不管怎样，我必须做出决定。【词组】regardless of不管，不论=despite，whatever
bind [baind] v. 绑，捆；使结合；约束；装订【例句】①Bind the gangster to the seat with rope lest he should escape. 把匪徒用绳子绑在座位上以免他逃跑。
②Clay binds when it is heated. 粘土烧后凝结。【词组】bind up 包扎；装订
bind a bargain定买卖契约【派生】binding adj. 有约束力的；捆绑的
n. 装订；捆绑；粘合物
illiterate [i5litErit] n. 文盲
adj. 不识字的，没受教育的；外行的【例句】About half the population in the country is still illiterate. 这个国家大约有一半人口仍是文盲。【助记】il ＋ literate 有文化的【派生】illiteracy n. 文盲；无知
something of有几分；在某种意义上；略微【例句】We know something of his past. 我们对他的经历略知一二。
all the while一直；始终
encyclopedia/encyclopaedia [en7saiklEu5pi:diE] n. 百科全书【例句】A dictionary deals with words and an encyclopedia deals with facts. 词典讲解单词，而百科全书讲解事实。
unabridged [5QnE5bridVd] adj. 未经删节的；完整的【例句】The message in the newspaper is unabridged. 报纸上的那则消息是没有经过删节的。
secondarily [5sekEndErili] adv. 在第二；其次，在第二位【例句】China first learned it mainly from the U.S. and secondarily from Europe.
中国首先是向美国，其次是向欧洲学习到这一点的。
sink [siNk] v. 下落，下沉；消沉；渗透【例句】Wood does not sink in water. 木头在水中不会沉没。【词组】sink in 渗入；完全被理解
sink down 沉落【派生】sinking n. 沉没
hedonist [5hi:dEnist] n. 享乐主义者（对感官快感追求和热爱的人）
adj. 享乐主义者的【例句】My son, being somewhat of a hedonist, prefers the attractions of the city.
我的儿子多多少少是个享乐主义者，所以更喜欢城市的种种诱人之处。
novel [5nCvEl] n. （长篇）小说
adj. 新奇的，新颖的；异常的【例句】Do you have novels by Leo Tolstoy?你有列·托尔斯泰写的小说吗？【助记】小说内容要新颖，不能新瓶装旧酒【派生】novelty n. 新奇；新奇的事物
novelist n. 小说家
elope [i5lEup] vi. 私奔；潜逃；出走【例句】He eloped with my money.他带着我的钱逃走了。【词组】elope with sb.和某人私奔【助记】一路跑（谐音）→一路跑着就私奔了
girlhood [5^\:lhu:d] n. 少女身份, 少女们, 少女时代【例句】She had a happy girlhood. 她有个快乐的少女时代。
stay [stei] n. 逗留，延缓，中止；支柱
v. 在，暂住；坚持；止住，抑制；延缓，停（下）【例句】He lost his job，and had to stay at home. 他失业了，只好呆在家里。【词组】stay behind 跟在后面；留下来
stay up 竖立；熬夜
be here to stay/have come to stay 固定下来，普遍认可，成为风尚
stay the course 坚持到底
stay by 守在一边；一直支持
volume [5vRlju:m] n. 卷，册；容积；许多，大量；音量【例句】I read a novel in three volumes yesterday. 昨天我读了一部三卷本的小说。【助记】volu（看作volut卷）＋me→卷【派生】voluminous adj. 大量的；多卷的
come upon偶遇；要求；成为…的负担；突然产生【例句】A sense of impending doom came upon all of us. 我们所有人都有一种大难临头的感觉。
moral [5mCrEl] adj. 道德的，道义的；精神上的
n. 寓意，教育意义【例句】The moral of the story is “No pains，no gains”. 该故事的寓意就是“不劳无获”。【助记】m（谐音：妈）＋oral（口头）→妈妈的口头语是“要讲道德”；【派生】morality n. 道德；品行，美德
syllable [5silEbl] n. 音节
v. 划分音节【例句】The stress is on the last syllable. 重音在最后一个音节上。【词组】in words of one syllable使用极简单的语言
to the last syllable （说）到最后
stressed syllable 重音节；重读音节【派生】syllabic adj. 音节的
n. 音节主音
syllabary n. 音节表；假名表
interlocutor [7intE(:) 5lCkjutE] n. 对话者，谈话者【例句】Iran is a crucially important interlocutor for Russia in the field of energy.
在能源领域里，伊朗可是俄罗斯的一个极其重要的合作对象。【助记】inter相互，locut说话，or人——对话者
allot [E5lCt] vt. 分配，指派，分摊；拨出，拨给【例句】The government is ready to allot houses in that area. 政府准备在那个地区分配住房。【词组】allot the profits of the business分配红利
allot shares分摊股份
allot the money for a kindergarten指定此款项为建立幼儿园使用
allot to把…分配给【派生】allotted adj. 专款的；拨出的
allotment n. 分配；分配物；养家费；命运
respective [ris5pektiv] adj. 各自的，各个的【例句】All men have their respective duties. 各人有各人的职责。【助记】re ＋ perspective 观点→观点是个人的各自的。
engrave [in5^reiv] v. 雕刻【例句】The terrible scene was engraved on his memory.这一可怕的场景在他的记忆中留下了深刻的印象。【词组】be engraved with刻有…
be engraved on [upon] sb.’s memory给某人留下深刻印象
be engraved in sb.’s heart铭刻在某人的心上【助记】en ＋ grave 音：鬼屋，死鬼呆的屋→坟墓，严重，庄重，颜色灰暗，雕刻；这些词意都与坟墓有关系：谁谁去世了，入葬（坟墓）时是庄重严肃的，气氛是凝重灰暗的，坟墓上还雕刻着墓志铭
fleck [flek] n. （皮肤的）斑点；雀斑
vt. 使起斑点；使有斑驳【例句】The sea was flecked with foam. 大海上涌起点点泡沫。【词组】flecks of dust, soot, dandruff 灰尘的微粒﹑煤炱﹑头皮屑
not a fleck of dust一尘不染,没有一点灰【派生】flecked adj. 有斑点的；有污点的【助记】读：fly磕——飞起来往墙上磕——磕一脸斑点。
garish [5^AriF] adj. 炫耀的；过分装饰的；（色彩、装饰、打扮等）俗气的【例句】That blue paint's rather garish for the bedroom; I'd tone it down a bit!
那种蓝色油漆对卧室来说太耀眼，要是我就把它调合一点。【词组】garish clothes, colours, lights 花里胡哨的衣服﹑颜色﹑彩灯
in a tastelessly garish manner.以没有品位的、俗气的方式。【派生】garishly adv. 华丽地；过分装饰地
illustration [7ilEs5treiFEn] n. 说明，例证；插图，图解【例句】It’s not a very good novel，but I like the illustrations. 这本小说不是很精彩，但我喜欢里面的插图。
unattached [5QnE5tAtFt] adj. 独立的；未订婚的；未被查封的；未任命的【例句】The moral is: Unattached to wealth and power, happiness increases.
这个故事的寓意是：放弃财富和权势，快乐源源而至。
heedless [5hi:dlis] adj. 不注意的；掉以轻心的【例句】She was rummaging through the letters, scattering them about the table in her heedless haste.
她在信件里乱翻，匆匆忙忙不管不顾地扔得满桌都是。
shelve [Felv] v. 搁置在一边不理，将事物放到一边不予考虑，倾斜【例句】They had to shelve their holiday plans because their son was ill.
他们不得不把度假计划搁置，因为他们的儿子病了。【派生】shelvy adj. 渐渐倾斜的，逐渐倾斜的
shelf n. 架子；搁板；搁板状物【助记】源于：shelf（架子）原指搁在架子上不理
sacrifice [5sAkrifais] n. 牺牲，牺牲品；祭品
v. （for，to）牺牲，献出【例句】A mother will sacrifice her life for her children. 母亲会为自己的孩子操劳一生。【词组】at the sacrifice of 以牺牲…为代价
make a sacrifice 做出牺牲【助记】音：杀cry大喊，非死，杀声震天，非死不可→结果牺牲了。
hearth [hB:W] n. 壁炉地面，炉边，家庭（生活），炉膛；炉床【例句】The soldiers longed for their own hearths.战士想家。【词组】open hearth 平炉
hearth and home 温暖舒适的家庭（生活）
fairy [5fZEri] n. 仙女；精灵
adj. 幻想中的，虚构的；优雅的【例句】Animals are often personified in fairy tales. 动物常在童话中被拟人化。
legend [5ledVEnd] n. 传奇；说明；图例；刻印文字【例句】This legend still spreads abroad among the people. 这个传奇故事依然在民间广泛流传。【助记】legend 音“来劲的”→听起来很来劲的传说【派生】legendary adj. 传说的，传奇的
whack [(h)wAk] v. & n. 重打，击败【例句】You really have to whack the ball. 你真得重击这个球。【词组】out of whack （常因天然的平衡被打乱而）出问题
terrifying [5terifaiN] adj. 恐怖的；骇人的；极大的【例句】What a terrifying experience! 多么可怕的经历啊！
flank [flANk] n. 胁，胁腹，侧面；军队侧翼
v. 位于侧面
adv. 在左右两边【例句】①He was flanked by his wife and three children. 他的两旁站着他的太太和3个孩子。
②The soldiers attacked the left flank of the enemy. 战士们攻击敌人的左翼。【词组】a road flanked with tall trees两侧植有大树的路
a flank attack侧翼攻击【派生】flanker n. 侧面堡垒；侧卫；在侧面的人或物
backless [`bAklIs] adj. 无背的；无靠背部的；无后盾的【例句】A stool is a backless and armless seat. 凳子就是既没有靠背又没有扶手的椅子。
go through fire and water赴汤蹈火
not hold a candle to无法与…媲美
gratitude [5^rAtitju:d] n. 感谢，感激【例句】I am full of gratitude to you for helping me. 我非常感激你对我的帮助。【词组】gratitude to sb. 感激某人
initiate [i5niFieit] vt. 开始，创始，发动；启蒙，使入门；引入
n. 新入会的人【例句】The government will initiate a reform in the educational system. 政府将着手教育体制的改革。【助记】in（在里边）＋it（它）＋i＋ate（eat的过去式）→它在里面开始吃。【派生】initiation n. 启蒙，传授；开始；入会
inward [5inwEd] adj. 向内的；内部的；精神的；本质上的；熟悉的
adv. 向内；内心里
n. 内部；内脏；密友【例句】The door opened inward into the room. 门是朝房间里面开的。
cadence [5keidEns] n. （声音的）抑扬顿挫，节奏，韵律，调子；终曲（乐章的结尾）【例句】He read the poems with cadence. 他抑扬顿挫地朗诵诗歌。【词组】relaxed cadence of country life
reside [ri5zaid] vi. 居住，定居；权利归属于【例句】The real power resides in the people. 真正的权力属于人民。【词组】reside in（指权利等）归属于某人【派生】resident adj. 居住的；住院医师；定居的
residential adj. 住宅的；与居住有关的
resident n. 居民
residence n. 住宅，住处；居住
Text B
person [5pE:sn] n. 人，喜欢（或适应）…的人；人物；人称【例句】We need a person to help us. 我们需要人帮忙。【词组】in person亲自，本人
in the person of sb即某人；乃某人；其人
about/on one's person带在身上（如在口袋里）【派生】personal adj. 个人的；身体的；亲自的
personage n. 要人；角色；名士
envy [5envi] n. & v. 羡慕，嫉妒【例句】The boy’s new electronic toy train was the envy of his friends.
这男孩的新电动玩具火车使他的朋友们很羡慕。【词组】envy sb. sth. 羡慕
out of envy 出于忌妒
lost in envy 非常嫉妒
take charge of接管；负责
end up with结束；以…而结束；以…告终
penmanship [5penmEnFIp] n. 书法；字迹【例句】It is a headache to decipher his sloppy penmanship. 辨认他的潦草的字迹叫人头痛。
tablet [5tAblit] n. 药片；牌匾；木简；小块【例句】Take two of the tablets three times daily before meals. 每日三次，每次两片，饭前服用。【助记】桌子（table）上他（t）放了药片（tablet）。
riffle [5rifl] n. 浅滩；湍流；涟漪；洗牌动作
vt. 使起涟漪；迅速洗牌
vi. 流过浅滩；成涟漪；迅速翻书【例句】This technique is particularly effective where a riffle drops into a pool.
这种技术在急流注入水塘处尤其有效。【词组】create a riffle制造涟漪
painstaking [5peinsteikiN] n. 苦干，煞费苦心；不辞辛劳
adj. 苦干的，小心的【例句】She is not very clever but she is painstaking. 她并不很聪明但肯下苦功。【词组】painstaking care无微不至的关心
make painstaking investigations进行细致的调查
be painstaking with one’s work辛勤地工作
painstaking care; painstaking effort 心血【助记】pains痛；辛苦，taking拿：拿出辛苦——辛苦的
ragged [5rA^id] adj. 衣衫褴褛的；破烂的；刺耳的【例句】①Ragged colts may make fine horses. [谚]别看小狗现在丑，长大可能成为一匹骏马。
②A ragged shout went up from the small crowd. 这一小群人发出了刺耳的喊叫。【词组】ragged clothes百纳衣；鹑衣；破衣烂衫
ragged hole粗糙井眼；不规则井眼
ragged garment百纳衣
ragged coast凹凸不平的海岸【派生】raggedly adv. 粗糙地；破烂地
raggedness n. 破烂；粗糙
aardvark [5B:dvB:k] n. [动]土豚
burrow [5bQrEu] v. 挖、掘
n. 洞穴【例句】①Normally timid, they rarely stray far from their burrows. 它们通常很胆小，极少远离自己的洞穴。
②The larvae burrow into cracks in the floor. 幼虫钻进地板的裂缝中。
mammal [5mAmEl] n. 哺乳动物【例句】A whale is a kind of mammal. 鲸是一种哺乳动物。【助记】mamma（妈妈）＋l→靠吃妈妈的奶长大→哺乳动物。
live off以…为食料；靠…生活；住在…之外
anteater [5Anti:tE(r)] n. [动]食蚁动物
bunk [bQNk] n.（船、车的）铺位；
vt. 为…提供铺位；逃走【例句】The train stopped abruptly, nearly tipping me out of my bunk. 火车突然停住，我差点儿从位上摔下来。【词组】do a bunk匆忙逃走
bunk bed 双层床
bunk down with friends 与朋友同床睡
wedge [wedV] n. 楔，楔形
vt. 楔入，楔进；挤进【例句】The people wedged me into the corner. 人们把我挤到角落里。【词组】wedge in 挤入；插入
inmate [5inmeit] n. 同住者，同室者（特指在医院、监狱），居民【例句】The prisoner is his inmate. 那个囚犯和他同住一起。【词组】be the inmate of 同住在
be the inmate of sb.'s heart 留在某人心中
convict [5kCnvikt] vt. 证明…有罪，宣告…有罪；谴责
n. 罪犯【例句】You can't convict a man of a crime on circumstantial evidence alone. 不能只靠旁证就判定一个人有罪。【词组】convict sb. of sth. 使某人确信某事【助记】con（共同）＋vict（联想victory）→共同成功征服，陪审团证明他是有罪的→囚犯；宣告有罪【派生】conviction n. 定罪；确信；证明有罪
collection [kE5lekFEn] n. 收藏品；（税收）征收；募捐；采集，聚集【例句】Is the collection going to be divided up or sold as a whole? 这批收藏品是零卖还是一起卖？【词组】a collection of 一批，一些
will [wil] n. 意志，决心，意向；遗嘱
aux.v. 将；会；愿意；必须【例句】①She has a strong will. 她意志坚定。
②A lawyer is often called in to write a will. 律师常被请来写遗嘱。【词组】good will善意；友好
ill will恶意
at will任意，随意
of one’s own free will出于自愿；随心所欲【派生】willing adj. 乐意的；自愿的；心甘情愿的
willful adj. 有意的；任性的；故意的
crate [kreit] vt. 将…装入大板条箱
n. 条板箱【例句】①He bought a crate of oranges for his children. 他给孩子买了一箱橘子。
②Equipment and office supplies were crated and shipped.设备及办公用品被装箱运走了。【词组】wooden crate 木箱
crating （up） a machine 把机器装入大木箱中
religion [ri5lidVEn] n. 宗教，宗教信仰【例句】Jesus was the founder of the Christian religion. 耶稣是基督教的创始人。【助记】谐音：来立正，教堂礼拜时，有宗教信仰的人都来前面立正。
circulation [7sE:kju5leiFEn] n. 循环，流通；流传，传播；发行【例句】This magazine has a circulation of over 1000000. 这份杂志的销售量超过了一百万份。【词组】have a circulation of发行额为…份
in circulation流通着；传播着
circulation desk 图书借还台【助记】circ（环绕）＋ul ＋ation（表状态）→循环
emphasis [5emfEsis] n. 强调，重点【例句】Some schools lay special emphasis on language study. 有些学校特别重视语言学习。【词组】emphasis on 着重于；对…的强调
give emphasis to强调（着重）
rehabilitation [5ri:(h)E7bili5teiFEn] n. 复权，复职；恢复名誉，平反；恢复，复兴，康复【例句】They need extra attention both during early rehabilitation and over the longer term.
他们需要在早期康复和今后的更长时间内给予特别的关注。【词组】a rehabilitation centre康复中心
rehabilitation programmers in prisons在监犯改造计划
rehabilitation therapy 康复治疗；复健治疗
demonstrate [5demEnstreit] vt. 证明；展示；论证
vi. 示威【例句】He demonstrated how to use the new machine. 他演示怎样使用这台新机器。【词组】demonstrate sth. to sb. 向某人示范某事
demonstrate against示威反对【助记】demon（魔鬼）＋st（大街上）＋rate（速度）→魔鬼在大街上示范杀人速度。【派生】demonstrative adj. 说明的；证明的；公开表露感情的
demonstration n. 示范；证明；示威游行
devour [di5vauE] vt. 吞食；毁灭；凝视【例句】Flames devoured the structure in minutes.几分钟内大火吞噬了整个建筑物。
maximum [5mAksimEm] n. 最大量，最大限度，极大
adj. 最高的，最多的，最大极限的【例句】The temperature reaches the maximum at noon. 中午时气温最高。
isolation [7aisE5leiFEn] n. 隔绝，孤立，分离【例句】Nothing exists in isolation.任何事物都不是孤立地存在着的。【词组】look at sth.in isolation孤立地看某事物
be in isolation from sb.脱离某人
social isolation社交孤立；社会隔离
catch sb. in the middle of… 抓住某人正在做…
engross [in5^rEus] vt. 占用；使全神贯注；独占【例句】Our discussion engrossed his attention. 我们的讨论吸引了他的注意力。【词组】engross the conversation垄断发言
to engross a bill誊抄一份议案
to engross the power of the state垄断了国家的权力
to engross the market for oil垄断石油市场【派生】engrossed adj. 全神贯注的；专心致志的
engrossing adj. 引人入胜的
engrossment n. 垄断居奇；用大字写；大量收买
cast [kB:st] n. 投掷；一瞥；铸件；演员表
v. 投，扔，掷，抛；铸造；投票；计算【例句】She's cast off three boy-friends in a month. 她一个月里就甩了三个男朋友。【词组】cast off 摆脱；抛弃；
cast out 驱逐；逐出【助记】cast投射，投影的阵容；分解为：cat（猫）＋s（蛇），肚子里怀上蛇的猫。
feign [fein] vt. 假装，装作，捏造
vi. 作假【例句】Her efforts to feign cheerfulness weren't convincing. 她的强颜欢笑并不使人信服。【词组】feign death 假死；装死
feigned innocence 装出来的清白无辜【派生】feigned adj. 假的；做作的；捏造的【助记】音：粉，抹粉，涂脂抹粉；有些人抹粉是在化装（化妆），是假装的一张脸
vista [5vistE] n. 狭长的景色，街景；展望，回想【例句】He could see through the windows a vista of green fields. 透过窗户他可以看到碧绿的田野风光。【助记】visit 它，参观，游览它，看这个远景
dormant [5dC:mEnt] adj. 蛰伏的；休止的；潜伏的；冬眠的【例句】Seeds remain dormant in the earth during winter. 冬天种子在泥土中休眠。【词组】dormant volcano 休眠火山
dormant period 潜伏期，垫伏期【助记】音：冬眠；doorman 看门人，看门人最闲了，经常睡觉。
craving [5kreiviN] n. 渴望, 热望，恳求
adj. 热烈的，渴望的【例句】The miserable girl had a craving for sympathy. 那个可怜的女孩渴望得到同情。【词组】have a craving for 渴望…
craving passion热烈的欲望
confer [kEn5fE:(r)] v. 授予，颁给（勋衔，学位等）；商讨，交换意见【例句】The Queen conferred knighthood on several distinguished men. 女王将爵士头衔授予几位杰出人士。【词组】confer sth. on/upon授予（学位，头街等）【助记】con（共同）＋fer（带来，拿来）→带来观点一起商议【派生】conference n. 会议；协商；讨论；联盟
homemade [5hEJm5meId] adj. 自制的，本国制的【例句】The machines here are all homemade. 这里的机器都是国产的。
sensitivity [5sensi5tiviti] n. 敏感；灵敏（度），灵敏性【例句】His remarks convicted him of a lack of sensitivity. 他的言辞显示了他缺乏敏感性。【词组】sensitivity analysis 灵敏度分析；敏感性分析
temperature sensitivity 温度灵敏度，温度灵敏度系数；温度感受性
sensitivity coefficient 灵敏度系数
light sensitivity 光敏性；感光性
afflict [E5flikt] vt. 使痛苦；使苦恼；折磨【例句】Italy has been afflicted by political corruption for decades. 意大利受政治腐败困扰已数十年了。【词组】be afflicted with heart diseases患心脏病【派生】afflictive adj. 难受的；苦恼的；给人痛苦的
affliction n. 苦难；苦恼；折磨
alma mater母校；校歌【例句】He has fond feelings for his Alma Mater. 他对自己的母校有着深厚的感情。
fraternity [frE5tE:niti] n. 兄弟关系, 友爱, 互助会, 兄弟会
二、课文精解
Text A
1．I learned from the age of two or three that any room in our house, at any time of day, was there to read in, or to be read to. 两三岁的我就已经开始知道，家中任何房间里，任何时间里，都可以看书或听人念书。
句子的主干是I learned that...。that引导的宾语从句中，to read in使用了主动语态，即自己读，to be read to使用了被动语态，即有人读给作者听。from the age of two or three作learned的时间状语。本句中，因宾语从句较长，故将时间状语放在谓语和宾语之间，使谓语和时间状语的联系更紧密。
2．When she was reading “Puss in Boots,” for instance, it was impossible not to know that she distrusted all cats. 比如，她念《穿靴子的猫》时，你就没法不相信她怀疑所有的猫。
when引导时间状语从句，主句中，it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式的否定结构not to know that she distrusted all cats，that从句作know的宾语。
需注意，主句中使用了多重否定结构，有否定词not，以及具有否定意义的impossible（不可能）和distrusted（不相信），句子的意思就是“她怀疑所有的猫”。
3．Neither of my parents had come from homes that could afford to buy many books, but though it must have been something of a strain on his salary, as the youngest officer in a young insurance company, my father was all the while carefully selecting and ordering away for what he and Mother thought we children should grow up with. 我的父母都不是来自那种买得起许多书的家庭。然而，虽然买书必然得花去不少薪金，作为一家成立不久的保险公司中最年轻的职员，父亲一直精心挑选，不断订购他和母亲认为儿童成长应读的书。
本句是由but连接的并列复合句。第一个句子中，定语从句that could afford to buy many books修饰homes。
第二个句子中，though引导让步状语从句。as the youngest officer in a young insurance company说明父亲的职业身份。what引导的名词性从句what he and Mother thought we children should grow up with作selecting and ordering away for的宾语，children是we的同位语。away说明该动作不断发生。
4．Here to help us grow up arguing around the dining room table were the Unabridged Webster, the Columbia Encyclopedia, Compton’s Pictured Encyclopedia, the Lincoln Library of information, and later the Book of Knowledge. 这里有伴随我们在餐桌旁争论着长大的《韦氏大辞典》、《哥伦比亚百科全书》、《康普顿插图百科全书》、《林肯资料文库》，以及后来的《知识库》。
本句中因主语教程，因此使用了全部倒装结构，将主语置于句末。句子的正常语序应为The Unabridged Webster, the Columbia Encyclopedia, Compton’s Pictured Encyclopedia, the Lincoln Library of information, and later the Book of Knowledge were here to help us grow up arguing around the dining room table。当here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首，谓语动词为be, come, go, lie, run等时，句子常用全部倒桩结构。
例：There goes the bell. 铃声渐渐消失了。
句中，现在分词短语arguing around the dining room table作grow up的伴随状语。
5．One measure of my love for Our Wonder World was that for a long time I wondered if I would go through fire and water for it as my mother had done for Charles Dickens; and the only comfort was to think I could ask my mother to do it for me. 有很长一段时间，我一直想自己能不能像母亲为查尔斯·狄更斯做的那样，为《我们的神奇世界》这套书赴汤蹈火，从这一点也可想见我对这套书是多么珍爱；唯一令人安慰的是我相信我可以让母亲为我这么做。
本句是由and连接的并列复合句。第一句的主干是One measure was that...，介词短语of my love for Our Wonder World作定语，修饰measure；that引导的表语从句中，主干是I wondered if...，if引导从句作wondered的宾语，as引导方式状语从句，意思是“像母亲那样”。
第二个分句中的主干是系表结构，主语是the only comfort，不定式to think I could ask my mother to do it for me作表语，省略了that的从句I could ask my mother to do it for me作think的宾语。
6．The cadence, whatever it is that asks you to believe, the feeling that resides in the printed word, reaches me through the reader-voice: I have supposed, but never found out, that this is the case with all readers—to read as listeners—and with all writers, to write as listeners. 那抑扬顿挫的声音，不论它要你相信的是什么，那印刷文字中蕴含的情感，通过诵读者的声音传递给我：我一直猜想，却始终没能证实，所有的读者都如此——边读边听，所有的作者亦如此——边写边听。
句子的主干是The cadence reaches me。其中whatever引导的状语从句，修饰cadence；the feeling that resides in the printed word是插入语，作补充说明，定语从句that resides in the printed word修饰feeling。
冒号之后的内容，supposed和found out作并列谓语，that引导宾语从句作二者的宾语。to read as listeners和to write as listeners是对all readers和all writers的补充说明。
reside in居住；存在于。
例：I reside in Salt Lake City. 我住在盐湖城。
Supreme authority resides in the President/State. 最高权力属于总统[国家]。
Text B
1．Many who today hear me somewhere in person, or on television, or those who read something I’ve said, will think I went to school far beyond the eighth grade. 今天，许多当面或在电视上听我讲话的人，或者那些读我演讲稿的人都会以为我的学历远远不止八年级。
句子的主语是or连接的many和those，其中两个who引导的定语从句who today hear me somewhere in person, or on television和who read something I’ve said分别修饰many和those。
think之后是省略了that的宾语从句，作think的宾语。
far beyond中，副词far修饰介词beyond。
in person亲自；外貌上。
例：He will be present at the meeting in person. 他将亲自参加会议。
2．But every book I picked up had few sentences which didn’t contain anywhere from one to nearly all of the words that might as well have been in Chinese. 但是，在我找到的每本书中，几乎每个句子都包含着一个以上甚至几乎全部的单词我压根儿不认识。
句子的主干是But every book had few sentences。I picked up作every book的后置定语。which引导的定语从句，修饰sentences。
定语从句that might as well have been in Chinese修饰words，该从句中might as well表示“还是…的好”，用might as well have been in Chinese表示这些词比中文还难懂。
anywhere from...to...为常用短语，有“少则…，多则…”的意思，
例：Our regular rates are anywhere from three to fifty dollars a day.
我们规定的房钱自3块至50块钱一天不等。
3．I saw that the best thing I could do was get hold of a dictionary—to study, to learn some words. I was lucky enough to reason also that I should try to improve my penmanship. 我明白最好的办法是能弄到一本字典——为的是学习，学一些单词。幸好我还想到应努力提高一下自己的书写水平。
第一句话中，that从句作saw的宾语。该从句中，I could do作定语，修饰thing。破折号之后的不定式作目的状语。第二句话中，that从句作reason的宾语，reason表示“分析，推断”。
例：He reasoned that if we started at dawn, we would be there by noon.
他推断，我们要是黎明出发，中午就能到。
4．It was sad. 我的书写很糟糕。
sad用来表达对不幸情形的遗憾。
例：What a sad scene! 多么凄惨的景象！
5．Funny thing, from the dictionary first page right now, that “aardvark” springs to my mind. 有趣的是，就在此刻，字典第一页上的“土豚”一词竟跃入了我的脑海之中。
句中，将状语from the dictionary first page right now放在了Funny thing和that “aardvark” springs to my mind之间。
spring to原意是“进入某种状态”，这里的意思是“跃入脑海中”。
6．That was the way I started copying what eventually became the entire dictionary. 就这样，我开始抄写，最终抄完了整本字典。
句子的主干是That was the way。I started copying what eventually became the entire dictionary作the way的定语。what相当于the thing that。
7．Between what I wrote in my tablet, and writing letters, during the rest of my time in prison I would guess I wrote a million words. 我猜，算上我抄写在便笺簿上的单词和写的书信，我在后来的囚禁日子里写下了有一百万词。
8．No university would ask any student to devour literature as I did when this new world opened to me, of being able to read and
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