TOEFL词汇词根+联想记忆法(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)


发布时间:2020-06-04 05:35:45

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作者:俞敏洪

出版社:浙江教育出版社

格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT

TOEFL词汇词根+联想记忆法

TOEFL词汇词根+联想记忆法试读:

前言

本书精选了TOEFL考试的2,700多个核心词汇以及近3,000个衍生词、形近词和同根词,并收录了500个TOEFL考试中最常考到的短语。书中所收录词汇不仅曾在TOEFL考试中出现过,同时也是非常实用的词汇,对于学好英语大有裨益。

本书是“红宝书”家族的一员,沿袭了“红宝书”中“词根+联想”记忆法的风格。以词根词缀为主体,同时利用单词的分拆、谐音以及词与词之间的联系形成一套灵活、实用的记忆方法,帮助考生高效记忆。

英语中70%的单词都是可以用词根词缀来记忆的,比如知道词根labor表示“劳动”的意思后,那么记住labored(吃力的),laborious(辛苦的),elaborate(精工细作),collaborate(合作),laboratory(实验室)就非常容易了。还有很多单词可以通过联想的方法记忆,比如crystal(水晶)这个单词,我们可以将它拆分并解释为“cry(哭泣)+stal(看做star星星)→水晶像是星星哭泣掉下的眼泪”,通过这种方法记住的单词往往遗忘率很低。本书中大部分单词都注明了记忆方法,以帮助大家提高背诵效率。除此之外要提醒大家的是,不断重复是加强记忆最实用的方法。

背单词是一件比较辛苦的事,需要我们拿出蚂蚁搬大山的精神——目标明确、坚持不懈!最终你会发现,很多事情并没有想象中的那么困难。

当面对开水,在同样的逆境下,萝卜和鸡蛋的反应各不相同:萝卜原本水灵脆爽,但在开水的沸煮之下却变软了;鸡蛋原本内心软弱,可经过沸水熬炼之后却变得异常坚强。背诵单词虽然谈不上是我们生活中的逆境,但却是我们迈向人生辉煌的一个障碍。面对这样的障碍,大家是甘做一煮即软的萝卜,还是愿当愈挫愈勇的鸡蛋呢?但愿我们每一位考生在面对单词这道障碍时,都能逾越它、战胜它,最终在TOEFL考试中取得优异的成绩,踏上辉煌的人生旅途。

感谢汇智博纳的全体工作人员,他们在本书的编辑和审校过程中做了很多工作,在此向他们表示感谢。

各位考生还可以根据自己的需要选择《TOEFL词汇词根+联想记忆法》的“乱序版”、“便携版”或者“45天突破版”。祝大家考试顺利过关!新东方教育科技集团董事长兼总裁

使用说明

核心单词

Word List 1

abandon[əˈbændən]

vt.离弃,完全放弃(desert)n.放纵

记 分拆联想:a+band(乐队)+on→一个乐队在演出→放纵

例 She and her tribe had to abandon their lands and retreat to Canada.

派 abandoned(a.被抛弃的,废置的);abandonment(n.放弃,抛弃)abbreviate[əˈbri:vieɪt]

vt.缩短,缩写(shorten)

记 词根记忆:ab(加强)+brev(短)+iate→缩短

派 abbreviation(n.缩写,缩写词);abbreviated(a.简短的)abnormal[æbˈnɔ:rml]

a.反常的,变态的(unusual,exceptional)

记 词根记忆:ab(相反)+norm(规则)+al→违反规则的→反常的

考 abnormal behavior变态行为

例 The warm December weather in northern Canada was abnormal.abolition[ˌæbəˈlɪʃn]

n.废除,废止

记 来自abolish(v.废除,废止)

例 During the 1850s,reform movements advocating temperance(禁酒)

and the abolition of slavery gained strength in the United States.

派 abolitionist(n.废奴主义者)abort[əˈbɔ:rt]

n.中止计划(任务),夭折(cancel)

记 词根记忆:ab(相反)+or(=ori升起,开始)+t→还没开始就中止

例 There was a general abort when the initial was discovered.abound[əˈbaʊnd]

vi.(~in)富于(flourish);大量存在(teem);充满(overflow)

记 分拆联想:a+bound(边界)→没有边界→大量存在;充满

例 The state abounds in colonial architecture.

派 abundance(n.丰富,充裕)abrasion[əˈbreɪʒn]

n.表面磨损

记 词根记忆:ab(离去)+ras(=rad摩擦)+ion→摩擦掉→表面磨损

例 Abrasion due to daily wear alters the surface features of beads.

参 abrasive(n.磨料a.研磨的)abreast[əˈbrest]

ad.并列地,并排地(side by side)

记 分拆联想:a+breast(胸)→胸和胸并排→并列地,并排地

考 keep abreast of sth.与……齐头并进,(使)不落后

例 Edison kept abreast of recent scientific developments.abrupt[əˈbrʌpt]

a.突然的,意外的(unexpected)

记 词根记忆:ab(离去)+rupt(断)→突然断掉→突然的,意外的

例 Most paleontologists(古生物学家)suspect that abrupt changes in climate led to the mass extinctions.absence[ˈæbsəns]

n.缺席;缺乏(lack),不存在

记 来自absent(a.缺席的;缺少的),ab(离去)+sent(送)→送走→缺席

例 Professor,l know your course has no absence policy.absolutely[ˈæbsəlu:tli]

ad.完全地;绝对地(utterly)absorb[əbˈzɔ:rb]

vt.吸收(take in,engage)

记 词根记忆:ab(离去)+sorb(吸收)→吸收

例 This gamma radiation(射线)is absorbed by atoms inside the Sun.//Mary is so smart,she just absorbs any book she reads.

派 absorbent(a.能吸收的);absorbed(a.全神贯注的)abstract[ˈæbstrækt]

a.抽象的(unconcrete);抽象派的(nonrepresentational)

记 词根记忆:abs+tract(拉,抽)→抽象的

例 I really like those abstract paintings we saw today.

派 abstracted(a.抽象的);abstraction(n.抽象概念,抽象化状态)absurd[əbˈsɜ:rd]

a.可笑的,荒唐的(ridiculous)

记 词根记忆:ab+surd(聋)→如果听不到就会产生不合理→不合理的→荒谬的

例 Don Quixote(堂吉诃德)makes chivalry(骑士精神)seem absurd.abundant[əˈbʌndənt]

a.充足的,丰富的(*rich,*plentiful)

记 分拆联想:a(无)+bund(看作bound,边界)+ant(……的)→多得没边的→丰富的

考 abundant in富于……

例 Feldspar(长石)is the most abundant mineral on the earth’s surface.

派 abundantly(ad.丰富地,充裕地)academy[əˈkædəmi]

n.研究会,学术团体;专门院校

记 Academy是古希腊著名哲学家柏拉图从事教学活动的一处林园,称为学园,以传说中的英雄Akademos命名,后代的教学机构沿用此名。

派 academic(a.学院的;学术的);academician(n.学者;学会会员)accelerate[əkˈseləreɪt]

v.(使)加快,加速(*increase,quicken)

记 词根记忆:ac(加强)+celer(快,速)+ate(使……)→加快,加速

例 Television accelerated the citizen’s focus on character rather than issues.

派 acceleration(n.加速,加速度)

参 deceleration(n.减速)access[ˈækses]

n.通道(approach);(接近或享用的)机会(opportunity)vt.存取

例 Finding a water route across the continent was to gain easy access to the gold and other riches of the Northwest.accessible[əkˈsesəbl]

a.易接近的;可得到的(*available);可进入的

例 Erosion(腐蚀)on a hillside may make clay easily accessible.

派 inaccessible(a.难到达的,不可及的);accessibility(n.可得到)accessory[əkˈsesəri]

n.附件,零件(adjunct)acclaim[əˈkleɪm]

vt./n.喝彩(applaud);称赞(*praise)

记 词根记忆:ac(一再)+claim(大叫)→不断大叫→喝彩;称赞

例 These artists achieved widespread popular success and acclaim.

派 acclaimed(a.受赞誉的)

参 exclaim(v.呼喊);declaim(v.巧辩);reclaim(vt.要求归还)accommodate[əˈkɑ:mədeɪt]

vt.供应(住宿或房间)(supply);使适应(conform,adjust to)

记 词根记忆:ac+commod(方便)+ate→给人方便→供应(住宿或房间);分拆联想:ac+commo(看作common,普通的)+date(日子)→人们适应了过普通的日子→使适应

例 His house can accommodate a meeting of the entire committee.

派 accommodation(n.[常pl.]住处,膳宿)accompany[əˈkʌmpəni]

vt.陪伴(attend);为……伴奏

记 分拆联想:ac(加强)+company(公司;陪伴)→陪伴

例 She will accompany the man to the restaurant.//I need someone to accompany me while l play the piano.

派 accompanying(a.陪伴的,附随的);accompaniment(n.伴奏)accomplish[əˈkɑ:mplɪʃ]

vt.达到(reach);完成(complete);实现(realize)

记 词根记忆:ac+compl(满)+ish→圆满→完成

例 Human labor could still accomplish as much work as the early machines.

派 accomplishment(n.成就)accomplished[əˈkɑ:mplɪʃt]

a.多才多艺的(all-round);完成了的(*achieved)例They were accomplished musicians.accord[əˈkɔ:rd]

n.一致;符合(agreement)

记 词根记忆:ac+cord(心)→使双方都称心→一致,符合

例 An accord with the labor union was reached at about mid-night.

派 accordingly(ad.因此,从而);according(ad.依照)

参 concord(n.和谐)account[əˈkaʊnt]

n.解释(interpretation);账户(record);考虑v.说明……的原因

考 take……into account考虑,重视/account for说明;占/on account of由于

例 The three main television networks in the United States account for more advertising dollars than any other medium.

派 accounting(n.会计学);accountant(n.会计师);accountable(a.应作解释的,应负责的)accumulate[əˈkju:mjəleɪt]

v.积累,堆积(*build up,*collect)

记 词根记忆:ac(不断)+cumul(堆积)+ate(使……)→堆积;积累

例 The glacier(冰河)had formed as layer upon layer of snow accumulated year after year.

派 accumulation(n.堆积物,积聚)accuracy[ˈækjərəsi]

n.准确(性),精确(性)(nicety,precision)

记 词根记忆:ac+cur(关心)+acy→不断关心→使其精确

例 Those companies rely on high accuracy scales to manufacture and package medicine.accurate[ˈækjərət]

a.正确的,精确的(*precise,exact)

例 Most scientists believe the theory to be accurate.

派 accurately(ad.正确地,精确地);inaccurate(a.错误的,不准确的)accuse[əˈkju:z]

vt.指责,归咎(blame);指控(charge)

例 The police accused Bill of committing the crime.

派 accusation(n.控告,谴责)accustom[əˈkʌstəm]

vt.使习惯于(familiarize)

记 词根记忆:ac(一再)+custom(习惯)→使习惯于

例 l’m not accustomed to using a gas stove.

派 accustomed(a.惯常的,习惯的);unaccustomed(a.不平常的)acid[ˈæsɪd]

n.酸a.酸的

记 本身为词根:酸

例 lt’s the acid that eventually eats away the paper.

派 acidic(a.酸的,酸性的);acidity(n.酸度,酸性)

参 arid(a.干旱的);avid(a.渴望的);avoid(v.避免)acknowledge[əkˈnɑ:lɪdʒ]

vt.承认,确认(recognize,admit);对……表示感谢(express gratitude)

记 分拆联想:ac+knowledge(知道)→已知道→确认

例 Bill acknowledged his failure to complete the job.//I acknowledged Tom for all of his help with the project.acoustic[əˈku:stɪk]

a.非电声乐器的;听觉的

例 l don’t think the most ardent supporters of electronic instruments expect them to completely replace acoustic instruments.acquaint[əˈkweɪnt]

vt.使认识(inform);使熟悉(familiarize)

记 词根记忆:ac+quaint(知道)→使熟悉

例 She’s well acquainted with the subject.

派 acquaintance(n.了解;熟人);acquainted(a.有知识的,知晓的)acquire[əˈkwaɪər]

vt.获得(*obtain,gain);学到

记 词根记忆:ac+quire(追求)→不断寻求才能够获得

例 They had begun to acquire and use capital.

派 acquired(a.后天习得的,已获得的);acquisition(n.获得,习得)

参 require(vt.需要);inquire(v.询问)acting[ˈæktɪŋ]

a.代理的(representative)n.演戏,表演

例 lt was at the suggestion of her acting coach.action[ˈækʃn]

n.行为,活动(*step,behavior);作用(effect)

考 volcanic action火山作用activity[ækˈtɪvəti]

n.活动(movement);活跃(fizz)

考 extracurricular activity课外活动

派 activist(n.积极分子,活动家)acute[əˈkju:t]

a.极度的,(事情)激烈的(*intense);敏锐的(keen)

记 分拆联想:a+cut(切)+e→一刀切→极度的,激烈的

例 With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding.adapt[əˈdæpt]

v.使适合(adjust);调整(alter)

记 词根记忆:ad+apt(适应;能力)→使适合

例 How do individual ants adapt to specialized tasks?

派 adaptation(n.适应);adaptable(a.能适应的);adaptive(a.适应的;适合的)

参 adopt(v.采用;收养);adept(a.熟练的)additional[əˈdɪʃənl]

a.附加的(additive),额外的(*further,extra)

例 She needs the additional time to finish her paper.additive[ˈædətɪv]

a.添加的;加法的n.添加剂

记 分拆联想:add(加)+itive→添加的;添加剂

考 food without additives不含添加剂的食物address[əˈdres]

n.地址;讲话(speech)v.(正式)讲话;写姓名地址

例 Dean Williams was invited by the college president to address the faculty.adequate[ˈædɪkwət]

a.适当的(proper);足够的(*sufficient)

记 词根记忆:ad(加强)+equ(平等)+ate(……的)→比平等多的→足够的

例 There is little evidence that people lacked adequate wild food resources.

派 adequately(ad.充分地);inadequate(a.不充分的,不足的)adhere[ədˈhɪr]

vi.粘附(*stick);坚持(cling to)

记 词根记忆:ad(加强)+her(粘附)+e→粘附;坚持

例 Some of sizable ice crystals adhere to each other to create a cluster of ice crystals or a snowflake.

派 adhesion(n.粘连)adhesive[ədˈhi:sɪv]

a.带黏性的n.胶合剂

记 词根记忆:ad+hes(=her粘)+ive→带黏性的;胶合剂

例 lt’s considered one of the strongest adhesives in nature.adjacent[əˈdʒeɪsnt]

a.邻近的(*nearby,adjoining,bordering)

记 分拆联想:ad+jacent(躺)→躺在附近→邻近的

例 Only in Pennsylvania and adjacent areas was stone widely used in dwellings.adjunct[ˈædʒʌŋkt]

n.附加物,附件(*addition,accessory)

记 词根记忆:ad+junct(结合,连接)→连在上面的东西→附加物

例 The garage was an adjunct to the house.adjust[əˈdʒʌst]

v.调整(alter,rectify);使适合;适应(adapt)

记 分拆联想:ad+just(正确)→使正确→调整;使适合

例 The basic idea is that insect pests can not adjust to temperatures much above normal.

派 adjustment(n.调整,调节)administer[ədˈmɪnɪstər]

vt.管理(*manage);执行(execute)

记 分拆联想:ad(做)+minister(部长)→当部长→管理

例 Professor Andrews has agreed to administer the exam.

派 administration(n.管理;当局);administrative(a.管理的,行政的);administrator(n.管理者,行政官)admire[ədˈmaɪər]

vt.钦佩;欣赏(appreciate)

记 词根记忆:ad(加强)+mir(惊奇)+e→让人很惊奇→钦佩,欣赏

例 People greatly admire Washington’s integrity.

派 admiration(n.赞美;赞赏);admiring(a.赞赏的,钦佩的)admission[ədˈmɪʃn]

n.准许进入;入场费;承认(acknowledgement)

记 来自admit(v.承认;接纳)

例 Admission to law school is very competitive.//It was the first rodeo(牛仔竞技表演)to charge admission.admit[ədˈmɪt]

v.承认(confess);接纳(*let in)

记 词根记忆:ad+mit(送)→能送进去→接纳

例 l must admit that my performance was bad.

派 admittedly(ad.诚然;公认地)adobe[əˈdoʊbi]

n.泥砖,土坯

记 分拆联想:a+do+be→一次做完的土坯,泥砖

参 abode(n.住处)adolescence[ˌædəˈlesns]

n.青春期(youthhood)

记 分拆联想:ado(看作adult,成人)+lescence(看作licence,许可证)→青少年即将拿到成年的许可证→青春期

参 adolescent(n.青少年a.青春期的)adopt[əˈdɑ:pt]

vt.采用(assume)

记 词根记忆:ad+opt(选择)→通过选择→采用

例 lron was rapidly adopted for the construction of bridges.

派 adoption(n.采用)adorn[əˈdɔ:rn]

vt.装饰,装扮(*decorate,beautify)

记 词根记忆:ad+orn(装饰)→装饰,装扮

例 Children adorned themselves with beads(珠子).

派 adornment(n.装饰);unadorned(a.朴实的)

参 ardor(n.热情);adore(v.崇拜)advanced[ədˈvænst]

a.先进的(progressive);高级的(exclusive)

例 They were an advanced agricultural people who used irrigation to help grow their crops.

参 advancement(n.进步)advent[ˈædvent]

n.到来(*arrival),出现(emergence)

记 词根记忆:ad+vent(来)→到来,出现

例 With the advent of power-driven machinery,home industry began to give way to production in mills and factories.adventure[ədˈventʃər]

n.奇遇(happening);冒险活动

记 发音记忆:ad+venture(音似:“玩车”)→飚车→冒险活动

例 He has had many adventures along the way,lost instruments,no hotel room,and so on.

派 adventurer(n.冒险家);adventurous(a.喜欢冒险的)adverse[ˈædvɜ:rs]

a.负面的(negative,contrary);不利的(unfavorable)

记 词根记忆:ad(坏)+vers(转)+e→负面的;不利的

考 adverse effect反作用

例 The Group of Seven welcomed adverse criticism because it would help them improve as artists.//They could grow crops despite adverse weather.

派 adversely(ad.不利地,有害地);adversity(n.逆境)

参 averse(a.不愿意的)advertise[ˈædvərtaɪz]

v.登广告宣传;宣传(promote)

记 词根记忆:ad+vert(转)+ise(使……)→转变人们注意力→做广告

例 l’d like to enroll in the free seminar you advertised in newspaper.

派 advertisement(n.广告,公告)advocate

[ˈædvəkeɪt]vt.提倡

[ˈædvəkət]n.倡导者(*proponent)

记 词根记忆:ad+voc(叫喊,声音)+ate→为其摇旗呐喊→倡导者

例 They advocate the use of masonry(石工)in the construction of skyscrapers.

派 advocacy(n.拥护,支持)aerial[ˈeriəl]

a.空中的

记 词根记忆:aer(空气)+ial(……的)→空中的aerobic[eˈroʊbɪk]

a.增氧健身法的[pl.]n.有氧运动

记 词根记忆:aero(空气)+bic→增氧健身法的

例 He jogs because he likes aerobics.

派 anaerobic(a.厌氧性的)aesthetic[esˈθetɪk]

a.美学的(artistic);审美的

记 词根记忆:a+esthe(感觉)+tic(……的)→美学的;审美的

例 Your artwork has no aesthetic value.

派 aesthetically(ad.审美地);aesthetics(n.美学)affection[əˈfekʃn]

n.喜爱(fondness);影响(influence)

记 来自affect(v.影响,感染)

派 affectionate(a.爱的;挚爱的)affirm[əˈfɜ:rm]

vt.断言,坚持声称(assert)

记 词根记忆:af(加强)+firm(坚定的)→断言;坚持声称

例 The scholar affirmed Shakespeare’s authorship of the plays.afflict[əˈflɪkt]

vt.使苦恼,折磨(torment,torture)

记 词根记忆:af+flict(打击)→一再打击→使苦恼,折磨

例 Financial difficulties afflicted the Smiths.afford[əˈfɔ:rd]

vt.买得起;冒险做;提供(*provide,supply)

记 分拆联想:af+ford(看作Ford,福特家族)→财大气粗→买得起

例 Most landless Americans could not afford the necessary tools and provisions.

派 affordable(a.负担得起的)agency[ˈeɪdʒənsi]

n.代理处;(政府等的)专门行政部门

考 travel agency旅行社/government agency政府机构

参 agent(n.代理人;作用物)aggregate[ˈægrɪgət]

n.聚成岩;聚集物

记 词根记忆:ag+greg(团体)+ate→成为一团→聚集物

例 Marine mammals have the misfortune to be swimming aggregates of commodities that humans want:fur,oil,and meat.

派 aggregation(n.集合;集合体)aggressive[əˈgresɪv]

a.挑衅的(combative,offensive);强有力的(strong)

记 词根记忆:ag(加强)+gress(行走)+ive→一再走→挑衅的

例 Selfimage can be indicated by a tone of voice that is confident,shy,or aggressive.

派 aggressively(ad.强劲地;侵略地);aggressiveness(n.争斗)

参 aggression(n.侵略)agreeable[əˈgri:əbl]

a.使人愉快的(pleasant);欣然同意的(willing)

记 来自agree(v.同意,赞成)

例 We find Bob agreeable most of the time.//They were most agreeable on the subject of voting rights.airborne[ˈerbɔ:rn]

a.空气传播的

记 分拆联想:air(空气)+born(出生)+e→空气传播的

例 You increase your exposure to airborne viruses just when your body’s resistance(抵抗力)is already low.alarm[əˈlɑ:rm]

n.闹钟;警报(alert)v.使惊恐(startle)

记 旧时意大利哨兵发现敌人袭击时常呼喊all’arme,意思是“准备战斗”,后引申为“惊慌,警报”。

例 She never wakes up before her alarm goes off.//Ecologists would probably be alarmed by the scientists’findings.

派 alarming(a.令人担忧的);alarmist(n.杞人忧天者)

Word List 2

alchemist[ˈælkəmɪst]

n.炼金术士alert[əˈlɜ:rt]

a.机警的(*vigilant,watchful)vt.提醒(*ware,remind)【记】Red Alert“红色警戒”,20世纪90年代风靡全球的电脑游戏【例】l want something that will keep me alert in class.//Fire ants make use of an alarm pheromone(信息素)to alert workers to an emergency.alga[ˈælgə]

n.[pl.algae]藻类,海藻(seaweed)algebra[ˈældʒɪbrə]

n.代数(学)alien[ˈeɪliən]

a.不同的(different,foreign)n.外星人;组织之外的人【例】Someone introduced an alien plant into the Florida swamp.//Many movies have been made about aliens coming to earth.alkali[ˈælkəlaɪ]

n.碱【派】alkaline(a.含碱的,碱性的)allay[əˈleɪ]

vt.减轻,减少(*reduce,alleviate)【例】Maria wrote stories interesting enough to attract children and morally instructive enough to allay adult distrust of fiction.allegory[ˈæləgɔ:ri]

n.寓言(fable,parable)【记】词根记忆:al+leg(讲)+ory→讲故事→寓言【例】Allegory is a literary device by which another level of meaning is concealed within what is usually a story.allergy[ˈælərdʒi]

n.过敏症【记】词根记忆:all(其他)+erg(起作用,工作)+y→起其他作用→过敏症【派】allergic(a.过敏的;对……讨厌的)alleviate[əˈli:vieɪt]

vt.减轻,缓和(relieve)【记】词根记忆:al+lev(轻)+iate→减轻,缓和【例】The drug alleviated the pain of Mary’s broken leg.allocation[ˌæləˈkeɪʃn]

n.配给,分配(apportion)【记】来自allocate(v.配给,分配),al(一再)+loc(地方)+ate→不断送给地方→分配【例】lt does have the power to make laws and vote on the allocation of funds.alloy

[ˈælɔɪ]n.合金

[əˈlɔɪ]vt.使成合金【记】分拆联想:all(所有的)+oy→把所有金属混在一起→合金alphabet[ˈælfəbet]

n.字母表【记】由希腊字母表中的头两个字母alpha(阿尔法)和beta(贝它)组合而成,从前到后所有的字母就成了字母表。alter[ˈɔ:ltər]

v.(使)改变(*change,vary)【记】本身为词根,意为:改变状态【例】The effect of super saturation is simply to alter the growth rate.【派】alteration(n.改变;改造);unaltered(a.未被改变的,不变的)【参】altar(n.祭坛)alternate[ˈɔ:ltərnət]

a.交替的(by turns),轮流的(*rotate,in turn)【记】词根记忆:alter(改变状态)+nate→交替改变的→轮流的【考】the alternate rise and fall of sea level海面的交替涨落【派】alternately(ad.交替地;间隔地);alternation(n.交替,轮流)alternative[ɔ:lˈtɜ:rnətɪv]

n.选择(*option)a.其他可选用的【例】So far the electric car seems to be the best alternative.altitude[ˈæltɪtu:d]

n.(海拔)高度(height);[常pl.]海拔甚高的地方【记】词根记忆:alt(高)+itude(表状态)→高度【例】Plants cannot move water to high altitudes.aluminum[ˌæljəˈmɪniəm]

n.铝alumnus[əˈlʌmnəs]

n.男校友[pl.alumni]【例】We got the alumni to make donations.amass[əˈmæs]

v.积聚(accumulate)【记】分拆联想:a+mass(一团)→变成一团→积聚【例】The shellfish(贝)amassed around the rocks in the shallow water.amateur[ˈæmətər]

n.业余爱好者(non-professional)【记】词根记忆:amat(=amor爱)+eur(人)→爱好的人→业余爱好者【例】Chick Webb spotted her in an amateur competition when she was sixteen.amid[əˈmɪd]

prep.在……中【记】词根记忆:a(在……)+mid(中间)→在……中【例】The katydid(树螽),a type of grasshopper,is active at night and rests motionless amid foliage(树叶)during the day.amino[əˌmi:noʊ]

a.氨基的【考】amino acid氨基酸ammonia[əˈmoʊniə]

n.氨,氨水amnesia[æmˈni:ʒə]

n.健忘症【记】词根记忆:a(无)+mnes(记忆)+ia(病)→没有记忆的病→健忘症【例】Amnesia is usually not a permanent condition.amount[əˈmaʊnt]

n.总额(sum,quantity)vi.总计达(totalize)【例】By 1913,Seattle had 25 parks amounting to 1,400 acres.ample[ˈæmpl]

a.充足的(abundant,enough)【记】词根记忆:ampl(大)+e→大量的,充足的【例】The state of New Jersey offers ample opportunities for bicyclists of all abilities.【参】trample(vt.踩,践踏);amble(v.缓行)amplify[ˈæmplɪfaɪ]

vt.放大(声音等);增强(strengthen)【记】词根记忆:ampl(大)+ify(使……)→放大;增强【例】Can you amplify the sound so we can hear it better?//Seeing the ballet amplified Jane’s desire to learn to dance.【派】amplification(n.扩大);amplifier(n.放大器;扩音器)amuse[əˈmju:z]

vt.逗乐,逗笑(delight,entertain)【例】The department chair was amused by my letter.【派】amused(a.愉快的,开心的)amusement[əˈmju:zmənt]

n.娱乐(recreation),消遣(*entertainment)analogy[əˈnælədʒi]

n.类比,类推;类似物【记】词根记忆:ana(并列)+log(说话)+y→放在一起说→类比,类推【例】The teacher made an analogy between the lens of a camera and the lens of an eye.【派】analogous(a.类似的)analysis[əˈnæləsɪs]

n.分析(study)【例】They conducted a computer analysis of photographs.【参】analyst(n.分析家)analyze[ˈænəlaɪz]

vt.分析,研究【例】Experts analyze spider webs using a computer program.anatomy[əˈnætəmi]

n.解剖构造;解剖(dissection)【记】词根记忆:ana(分开)+tomy(切)→切开身体→解剖【例】We will discuss other features of the Neanderthal(穴居人的)anatomy.【派】anatomical(a.解剖的)ancestor[ˈænsestər]

n.祖先(forefather)【记】分拆联想:ance(看作ante,先)+st+or(人)→祖先【参】ancestry(n.世系,血统);ancestral(a.祖先的;祖传的)anchor[ˈæŋkər]

vt.紧固,使固定(fix)【例】The framework of a lichen(苔藓)is usually a network of minute hairlike fungus(真菌)that anchors the plant.ancient[ˈeɪnʃənt]

a.古代的(archaic);古老的(*old)【例】What does the professor say about ancient Greeks who traveled south?angle[ˈæŋgl]

n.角;角度(viewpoint)【记】和angel(n.天使)一起记【派】angular(a.有角的;尖角的)animation[ˌænɪˈmeɪʃn]

n.动画制作【例】These topics will be illustrated with computer animations to make explanations easy to follow.announce[əˈnaʊns]

vt.宣布(*herald,proclaim);通告(notify)【记】词根记忆:an+nounce(讲话,说出)→说出来→宣布;通告【例】The club president announced that each member has a quota of ten tickets to sell for the talent show.【派】announcement(n.宣告;发表);announcer(n.广播员;播音员)annoyed[əˈnɔɪd]

adj.生气的(angry)【例】She’s annoyed with the man.【参】annoying(a.恼人的,讨厌的)annual[ˈænjuəl]

a.每年的(yearly);一年一度的【记】词根记忆:ann(年)+ual(……的)→每年的【例】Earth Day has become an annual international event.【派】annually(ad.一年一次地)anthropology[ˌænθrəˈpɑ:lədʒi]

n.人类学【记】词根记忆:anthrop(人)+ology(……学)→人类学【派】anthropological(a.人类学的);anthropologist(n.人类学家)antibiotic[ˌæntibaɪˈɑ:tɪk]

n.[常pl.]抗生素a.抗生的【记】词根记忆:anti(反)+bio(生命)+tic→抗生素【例】Now we have lots of antibiotics that kill bacteria.anticipate[ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt]

vt.预见(foresee),预期(*look forward to,expect)【记】词根记忆:anti(前)+cip(落下)+ate→提前落下→预见【例】The test was harder than he had anticipated.【派】anticipated(a.预期的)antique[ænˈti:k]

n.古董【记】词根记忆:anti(前)+que→以前的东西→古董【参】antiquated(a.陈旧的,过时的);antiquity(n.古迹,古物)apartment[əˈpɑ:rtmənt]

n.公寓(flat,suite)【记】分拆联想:a+part(部分)+ment→分成一间一间→公寓住宅apparent[əˈpærənt]

a.显然的,明显的(*obvious,*evident,*detectable)【记】分拆联想:ap+parent(父母)→父母对儿女的爱→明显的【例】They noticed an apparent change in the position of the North Star.【派】apparently(ad.显然地)appeal[əˈpi:l]

n.吸引力(*attraction)vi.吸引;上诉【记】词根记忆:ap+peal(=pull拉)→拉过去→吸引【例】This modern wildlife art appeals to large numbers of nature lovers.【派】appealing(a.吸引人的;打动人心的)appetite[ˈæpɪtaɪt]

n.胃口,食欲(savor)【例】l don’t have an appetite.【参】appetizer(n.开胃品);appetizing(a.美味可口的)applaud[əˈplɔ:d]

v.鼓掌喝彩(cheer);称赞(acclaim)【记】词根记忆:ap(加强)+plaud(鼓掌)→鼓掌喝彩;称赞【例】The audience stood up and applauded.applicable[əˈplɪkəbl]

a.可应用的,可实施的【记】来自apply(v.应用)applicant[ˈæplɪkənt]

n.申请者【记】来自apply(v.申请)【参】application(n.申请);applicability(n.适用性)appointment[əˈpɔɪntmənt]

n.约会(date),约定(faith)【记】来自appoint(v.约定)appreciate[əˈpri:ʃieɪt]

vt.赏识(*recognize),鉴赏;感激【例】She’s learned to appreciate the sculptures.//I appreciate your getting my books,Bill.【派】appreciation(n.欣赏);appreciative(a.表示感激的);appreciable(a.值得重视的;可感知的)【参】depreciation(n.贬值)apprentice[əˈprentɪs]

n.学徒【记】词根记忆:apprent(=prehend抓住)+ice→通过学习掌握技术的人→学徒【例】The carpenter’s apprentice built this beautiful bookcase.approach[əˈproʊtʃ]

v./n.接近,靠近(near)n.方法(way),手段(measure)【记】词根记忆:ap+proach(接近)→接近;方法【例】Our bus is approaching Cambridge where we’ll be stopping to eat.//It’s not easy to change students’approach to writing.appropriate[əˈproʊpriət]

a.适当的(suitable,becoming)

[əˈproʊprieɪt]vt.拨款;占用(engross)【记】词根记忆:ap+propr(拥有)+iate→占用【例】The United States Congress appropriates some four million

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