新编英语实用教程学习指导书.第2册(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)


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作者:李敏

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新编英语实用教程学习指导书.第2册

新编英语实用教程学习指导书.第2册试读:

版权信息书名:新编英语实用教程学习指导书.第2册作者:李敏排版:小不点出版社:浙江大学出版社出版时间:2010-09-01ISBN:9787308077866本书由浙江大学出版社有限责任公司授权北京当当科文电子商务有限公司制作与发行。— · 版权所有 侵权必究 · —前 言

作为一套供网络教育专升本以及高升本学生使用的英语教材,《英语实用教程》自出版以来一直得到广大师生的热情支持。在出版近十年之际,我们对原有教材进行了内容和形式上的全面更新,根据国家网络教育考试委员会制定颁布的网络教育统考课程考试大纲,编写了《新编英语实用教程》。《新编英语实用教程》充分考虑网络教育的特点,即成人学习、业余学习和网络学习。在教程的编写中,结合网络教育学生的实际水平,针对自学为主的需求,充分利用多媒体教学手段,帮助学生掌握相关词汇和语法知识,培养和训练读、写、译、说的技能。教程共四册,包括:《新编英语实用教程》(配有光盘)(1、2册)和《新编英语实用教程学习指导书》(1、2册),教学PPT课件及其他相关参考资料也将陆续推出。《新编英语实用教程》紧扣新颁布的统考大纲,重点突出,内容精炼。

●按照大纲词汇表编排教材词汇:以大纲中大学英语C级词汇作为学生已掌握的基本词汇,在此基础上,分别列出大学英语B级词汇以及超纲词(带*的单词)。标识清楚,词义全面,例句充分,方便学生学习、掌握大纲所要求的词汇、短语及其用法。

●大纲中所包含题型——交际英语、阅读、完形填空、词汇语法、翻译、写作——在本教程各单元练习中均有体现,既使学生熟悉统考题型,也训练学生掌握各种技能,并在此基础上熟练运用解题技巧。《新编英语实用教程》采用主题教学模式,即每个单元的课文设置围绕一个主题,提供大量相互联系的语言样本,语汇的复现率高。根据语言认知理论,反复的、同一主题的语言输入有助于学生对所学语言内容的消化和吸收。本教程选材新颖,内容丰富,趣味性、知识性强,能激发学生的自学兴趣。

本书为《新编英语实用教程学习指导书》第2册,共分为十个单元,每单元由四个部分组成,即Language Focus(语言重点)、Reference Translation(参考译文)、Key to Exercises(练习题解)和Communicative Functions(常用交际英语功能)。语言重点包括“词汇与词组”和“语法要点”。“词汇与词组”涵盖各单元中的重点词汇和词组,每个词汇和词组配有两个例句以及例句翻译,有助于学生更好地理解这些词汇和词组,并进一步掌握其用法,最终能为己所用。一些重点词汇后还添加了词形转换,即同一词根,加前缀或后缀之后产生一个或多个不同词性的词。这部分内容有助于学生举一反三,加强词汇记忆。“语法要点”介绍了每个单元课文中的重点语法知识和结构,相关语法点都配有适当的例句以及中文翻译,有助于学生进一步巩固对于语法知识的理解和掌握。“参考译文”旨在帮助学生理解课文,了解中英文间的语言差异,提高理解和翻译能力。“练习题解”提供该单元所有练习的答案,补充阅读配有详解,写作练习提供作文范文。“常用交际英语功能”总结了英语交际功能中的常用语,为学生提供交际情景,有助于提高学生的语言综合能力及交际能力。《新编英语实用教程》系列教材由李敏担任主编,王海虹任副主编,参加编写的还有(按姓氏笔画为序):史占泓、李航、陈献、张兴刚。伊海科负责本教程的词表统计工作,美籍专家Karen Port博士仔细审核了本书,John Meny博士与Danielle Elizabeth女士为本书的全部阅读材料、生词与词组,以及会话制作了精美的录音。浙江大学继续教育学院张劲、陈海观、稽建琴对本书的出版给予了极大支持,谨在此致以衷心的感谢。编 者2010年9月于杭州UNIT 1 Entertainment

Language Focus

Basic Reading

Vocabulary Focus1. individual n. 个人

New research from around the world suggests that an individual’s favorite music genre is closely linked to his or her personality. (Line [1]1)

e.g. I) Each individual has his own personality. 每个人都有自己的个性。

   II) The welfare of the individual is closely related to the welfare of the community. 个人的福利与社会的福利有着密切的关系。2. musical adj. 音乐的

Professor Adrian North of Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK, has carried out the largest study so far of musical tastes and personality type. (Line 4)

e.g. I) She was born with musical talent. 她生来就具备音乐天赋。

   II) I was in a musical show last summer. 去年夏天我参加过音乐剧的演出。

词形转换:music n. 音乐  musician n. 音乐家3. in particular 尤其,特别

He is an expert on music psychology and has carried out a lot of research on the psychology of music, in particular the relationship between pop music culture and behaviors of youth (Line 5)…

e.g. I) Among all the goods, I was interested in the cotton piece in particular. 在所有商品中, 我对棉布特别感兴趣。

   II) Job stress in particular has been shown to lead to health problems. 工作压力尤其容易导致健康问题。4. preference n. 偏好in particular the relationship between pop music culture and …behaviors of youth, music and consumer behavior, and the role of musical preference in everyday life. (Line 7)

e.g. I) I don’t know your preferences, so please help yourself. 我不知道你喜欢吃什么,请自便吧。

   II) She has a particular preference for Chinese art. 她对中国艺术有特别的爱好。

词形转换:prefer v. 较喜欢,宁可5. rate v. 对……作评估,评价

Over the course of three years, Professor North asked more than 36,000 people in more than 60 countries to rate a wide range of musical styles in order of preference. (Line 9)

e.g. I) We rated his fortune at about one hundred thousand dollars. 我们估计他的财产约值10万美元。

   II) We were asked to rate his performance in the past month. 我们被要求对他上个月的表现进行评估。6. aspect n. 方面

Certain aspects of personality were also measured by questionnaire. (Line 11)

e.g. I) On the course she received a thorough training in every aspect of the job. 在训练班上,她接受了有关这份工作各个方面的全面训练。

   II) It touches every aspect of our lives. 它触动了我们生活的方方面面。7. measure v. 测量,计量

Certain aspects of personality were also measured by questionnaire. (Line 11)

e.g. I) Please measure me for a new coat. 请给我量尺寸,做一件新上衣。

   II) Weigh and measure the goods. 测定货物的重量和尺寸。

词形转换:measurable adj. 可测量的8. suspect v. 怀疑,猜想

We have always suspected a link between music taste and personality. (Line 26)

e.g. I) I suspect him to have done it. 我怀疑这是他干的。

   II) I suspect it’s going to be a pretty difficult day. 我想那将是相当困难的一天。

词形转换:suspected adj. 有嫌疑的,可疑的9. scale n. 规模,范围,程度

No one has ever done this on this scale before. (Line 27)

e.g. I) This rescue is on a different scale. 此次救助规模大不相同。

   II) We are seeing unemployment on an unprecedented (空前的) scale. 我们正经历规模空前的失业现象。10. be related to 有关系的,相关的

So it’s not so surprising that personality should be related to musical preference. (Line 29)

e.g. I) The rate at which an animal aged was once believed to be related to its size. 动物衰老的速度曾经被认为是与其体型大小相关的。

   II) Lack of sleep over time might be related to obesity. 肥胖病也许与长期缺乏睡眠相关。11. select v. 选择,挑选

We really got the sense that people were selecting musical styles (Line 30)…

e.g. I) Mr. Reed has been selected to represent us on the committee. 里德先生代表我们已被选入委员会。

   II) He selected a team for the special task. 他为这项特殊任务挑选了一组人马。

词形转换:selection n. 选择  selective adj. 选择的,有选择性的12. aside from 除……以外

Aside from their age, they’re basically the same kind of person …(Line 41)

e.g. I) Aside from the color itself, there are no differences between the two jackets. 除了颜色以外,两件外套没有区别。

   II) Aside from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill. 除了有趣与锻炼身体外,游泳还是一种很有用的技能。13. explore v. 研究,探讨

North is now seeking participants for an online questionnaire exploring the same topic. (Line 46)

e.g. I) The world is yours for you to explore. 世界是你们的,就等你们来探索。

   II) Let’s explore this issue in more depth. 下面我们更深入地来探讨这个问题。

词形转换:explorer n. 探险者  exploration n. 勘察,考察;研究,探究

Structure Focus1. 关系副词why引导的宾语从句

1) North said he wanted to study why music is such an important [2]part of people’s identity. (Line 23)

2) He believes that his results show why people can get defensive about what they like to listen to (Line 32)…

关系副词why可以引导从句,作动词的宾语。

e.g. I) He wants to know why she became so upset upon hearing the news. 他想知道为什么她在听到这个消息后变得如此沮丧。

   II) Tell me why you pick me for this mission. 告诉我为什么选我来完成这次任务。2. 动词do用于强调动词

“People do actually define themselves through music and relate to other people through it, but we haven’t known in detail how music is connected to identity,” he said. (Line 24)

do / does / did +动词原形的这种强调句型只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种, 只对肯定的谓语动词进行强调,没有疑问和否定形式。do在句中要重读。

e.g. I) Do be careful next time, please. 下次请务必小心!

   II) She did tell me about her address, but I forgot all about it. 她确实告诉过我她的地址,但是我忘得一干二净。3. 句型:This is / was the first time that…

This is the first time that we’ve been able to look at it in real detail. (Line 26)

This is / was the first time that表示“这是某人第一次做某事”。…使用时要注意主从句的时态呼应,即如果主句用现在时(is),that从句常用现在完成时;但若主句用过去时(was),则从句常用过去完成时。

e.g. I) This is the first time I have been here. 这是我第一次来这里。

   II) I was very lucky because it was the third time that I had visited China. 我非常幸运,因为这是我第三次来中国访问。4. as引导的状语从句

He believes that his results show why people can get defensive about what they like to listen to, as it is likely to be closely linked to their outlook on life. (Line 32)

as可引导多种引导状语从句。上例中as引导原因状语从句。

e.g.  As she was not well, I went there alone. 因为她身体不好,所以我独自到那里去了。

此外,as还可以引导时间状语从句,表示“当……的时候”。

e.g.  As I waited at the stop, I heard a big noise. 当我在车站等车的时候,我听到一声巨响。

或引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然……但是……”,从句通常用倒装语序。

e.g. I) Child as he is, he knows a lot. 虽然他是个孩子,但他知道的东西很多。

   II) Hard as it was raining, they went on working in the field. 虽然天下大雨,但他们继续在田地里干活。

或引导方式状语从句,表示“按照,依照,像”,从句置于主句之后。

e.g.  You should do as the teacher tells you. 你应当依照老师所说的去做。Extensive Reading

Vocabulary Focus1. survey

v. 调查

Some years ago one in four Americans surveyed said that they would not. (Line 2)

e.g. I) Before you start, you need to survey the will of people. 在开始干之前,你应该先调查民意。

   II) How many kids are you going to survey in our school? 你要在我校调查多少名孩子?

n. 调查

Another survey asked men what they wanted most. (Line 3)

e.g. I) The survey was conducted in 50 cities. 此项调查共在50个城市进行。

   II) However, the survey also wastes a lot of resources. 但是,该调查也浪费了不少资源。2. desire v. 渴望,热切希望

The majority said that they desired peace and happiness. (Line 3)

e.g. I) I desired candy all the time I was dieting. 当我节食时我很想吃糖果。

   II) They desire me to return soon. 他们要我快点回来。3. limit v. 限制,限定

The potential audience of television in its ultimate development may reasonably be expected to be limited only by the population of the earth itself. (Line 10)

e.g. I) For financial reasons, we should limit our spending. 由于经济原因,我们必须限制开支。

   II) I shall limit myself to three aspects of the subject. 我仅探讨这一问题的三个方面。

词形转换:limited adj. 有限的  limitless adj. 无限的4. billion n. / adj. 十亿(的)

The number of televisions in the world is estimated to stand at 1.5 billion, with many more viewers. (Line 14)

e.g. I) He gave away 21 billion dollars. 他捐出了210亿美元.

   II) Roughly a billion people live on $1 a day. 大概有10亿人正处于日均消费1美元的窘境。5. devote to 把……用于

The time that many people devote to television is astonishing. (Line 16)

e.g. I) Let’s devote more energy to the really big decisions in life. 让我们把更多的精力放在生活中的大事上。

   II) Once I enter college, however, I intend to devote more time to my personal interests, especially music. 然而,一旦我上了大学,我打算多花些时间在个人兴趣上,特别是音乐。6. on average 平均

Recently, a global study showed that, on average, people watch TV for just over three hours each day. (Line 17)

e.g. I) Our sales representatives make on average six calls a day. 我们的销售代表平均每天打六次电话。

   II) On average, women dream more than men. 女人平均比男人做梦多。7. quit v. 停止(做坏事或令人厌烦的事)[后面跟名词、名词短语或动名词作宾语]

Though they want to reduce that time or quit the habit, they can’t. (Line 26)

e.g. I) Quit treating me like I’m a baby! 别再把我当小娃娃对待了。

   II) It’s high time that you quit smoking. 你早就该戒烟了。8. sacrifice v. 牺牲,放弃

They sacrifice important social and family activities to use drugs, and they suffer withdrawal symptoms when they stop using drugs. (Line 27)

e.g. I) Don’t sacrifice the love you have for your job. 不要放弃对工作的热爱。

   II) We’re willing to sacrifice for a great cause. 我们愿意为伟大的事业而献身。9. apply to (对……)有效,适用于(某人)

The same principle applies to TV viewing. (Line 31)

e.g. I) This principle can apply to any employee in any role. 这项规定可适用于任何一个职位的员工。

   II) The 20% discount only applies to club members. 20%的折扣只适用于俱乐部会员。10. academic adj. 学术的heavy viewing can cut into family time, have bad influence on …reading and academic performance in children, and can contribute to obesity. (Line 32)

e.g. I) At commencement, academic degrees are officially given. 在毕业典礼上正式颁发学位(证书)。

   II) How about your academic records at college? 你上大学时学习成绩如何?11. invest v. 投入

If you invest a great deal of time in watching TV, it is smart to think about what you are getting in return. (Line 33)

e.g. I) It’s a chance for students to invest time in nonprofit work. 对学生们来说,这是把时间投入到公益工作上的一个机会。

   II) The company decided to invest more resources in personnel training. 公司决定将更多的资源投入到员工培训中去。

Structure Focus1. 关系代词what引导的主语从句

What they wanted first in life was a big-screen television! (Line 4)

what引导的从句在句子中作主语,称为主语从句。

e.g. I) What follows is the narrative of his experience. 以下是他对自己经历的叙述。

   II) What you should do is to choose a company to invest in. 你该做的是找一家公司投资。2. 情态动词+ have done结构表示对过去情况的推测

Those words may have sounded far-fetched at the time, but they do not today. (Line 11)

must have done一定做过某事…

can’t / couldn’t have done一定没做过某事…

may / might / could have done可能做过某事…

e.g. I) I didn’t hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 我没听见电话响,我一定是睡着了。

   II) Sorry I’m late. I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone to sleep again. 抱歉我迟到了,我可能是把闹钟关闭后又睡着了。3. though引导的让步状语从句

Of course, you cannot become addicted to TV in the same way that a person becomes addicted to drugs, though there are similarities. (Line 24)

though引导让步状语从句,可置于主句前或主句后,但主句不能用but。

e.g. I) Though he treated her badly, she still loved him. 尽管他待她那么糟,她仍然爱他。

   II) The girl is better, though she is not yet cured. 那个女孩好一点了,不过仍未痊愈。4. it is + adj. + to do sth. 的结构

1) If you invest a great deal of time in watching TV, it is smart to think about what you are getting in return. (Line 33)

2) At the same time, it is also smart to think about what we watch. (Line 35)

it is + adj. + to do sth. 句型中it作形式主语,不定式结构作实际主语。

e.g. I) It is hard to say which is better. 很难说哪个更好。

   II) It is important to know all the facts. 掌握所有的事实至关重要。

不定式结构也可以直接作句子的主语。

e.g. I) To ignore this might have serious consequences. 忽略这点可能会造成严重后果。

   II) To stop the work now seems impossible. 现在把这工作停下来似乎已不可能。

Reference TranslationBasic Reading

音乐能说明性格吗?

来自全球各地的新研究都暗示了一个人最爱的音乐类型与他或她的个性是密切相关的。

英国爱丁堡赫尔瓦特大学的艾德里安·诺斯教授开展了迄今为止关于音乐品味和个性的最大规模的研究。作为音乐心理学方面的专家,他已经开展了关于音乐心理学的一系列研究,尤其是研究了流行音乐文化与年轻人行为之间的关系,音乐与消费者行为之间的关系,以及音乐偏好在日常生活中所扮演的角色。

三年中,诺斯教授邀请来自60多个国家的超过3.6万人,按照个人偏好对形形色色的音乐风格进行了评价。同时也用问卷调查的方式对这些人性格中的某些方面进行了测量。

调查的结果显示:

布鲁斯音乐的爱好者自信心强,富于创造力,外向,温和并且泰然自若。

爵士乐爱好者自信心强,富于创造力,外向并且泰然自若。

古典音乐爱好者自信心强,富于创造力,内向并且泰然自若。

饶舌乐爱好者自信心强并且外向。

歌剧爱好者自信心强,富于创造力并且温和。

乡村和西部音乐爱好者勤奋并外向。

舞曲爱好者富于创造力,外向,但并不温和。

摇滚乐、重金属摇滚乐的爱好者自信心不强,富于创造力,不勤奋,不外向,但他们温和并且泰然自若。

灵魂乐的爱好者自信心强,富于创造力,外向,温和并泰然自若。

诺斯说他希望研究为什么音乐在人的身份中能起到如此重要的作用。“人们的确通过音乐界定自身并通过音乐与他人产生共鸣。但我们一直没能详细地了解音乐究竟与身份有多么紧密的联系。”他说,“我们一直怀疑在音乐品味和性格之间存在联系。这是我们第一次真正详细地研究这个问题。此前从未有人这样大规模地研究过它。”

人们可以通过穿着某些衣服,参加某些俱乐部以及使用某些种类的俚语来界定他们的音乐身份。因此,性格与音乐偏好有所关联并不应该令人吃惊。“我们的确感到人们选择一些能与他们自身性格相吻合的音乐风格。”诺斯说。

他相信他的研究结果能说明为什么人们会对他们所乐意听的音乐进行辩护,这是因为这些音乐与他们的生活观是紧密联系的。这项研究也说明了音乐品味的“部落功能”,它解释了为什么人们会因为音乐而产生特殊的关系。

诺斯注意到古典音乐与重金属摇滚乐吸引了具有类似性格但不同年龄段的听众。这个性格组中较年轻的成员似乎一般都喜欢重金属音乐,而年长的成员则更中意古典音乐。然而,这两个年龄段的人都拥有同样的基本动机,即听一些戏剧性的和夸张的音乐,也就是说他们都拥有“对宏大的事物的热爱”,诺斯说。“普通大众一直都认为重金属摇滚乐的爱好者往往不快乐,并且可能会对他们自身以及社会产生危害。”他说,“但这并不是真的。除了年龄不同外,他们与古典音乐爱好者基本上是同一类人。许多重金属音乐爱好者会告诉你他们也喜欢听瓦格纳的音乐,因为它宏大、响亮。在重金属音乐和古典音乐中也都有一种戏剧性,而且我怀疑这正是这些乐迷们在聆听音乐时真正想要得到的感受。”

诺斯正在为研究同一内容的在线问卷调查寻找参与者。如果你想要参与这个研究,可以登录以下这个网址:http://peopleintomusic.com。Extensive Reading

电视——时间的窃贼?

如果有人给你100万美元让你余生都放弃看电视,你会接受吗?若干年前,在接受调查的美国人中,每四人就有一人表示他们不会接受。另一项调查问人们最想要什么。大部分人说他们想得到安宁和幸福。但这在他们的心愿单上只位列第二。他们在生活中最想要的是一台大屏幕电视机!

电视机在世界各地都极其受人欢迎。早在1931年,电视机刚发明的时候,美国无线电公司的主席就说过:“我们有理由认为,电视机在其发展的终极阶段所拥有的潜在观众量只会受到地球本身人口量的限制。”这话在当时听上去可能比较牵强,但放在今天则不会使人有这种感觉了。据估计,世界上现有电视机的数量为15亿台左右,电视观众的数量则更多。不管你是爱是恨,电视机在人们的生活中扮演了一个重要角色。

许多人花在看电视上的时间是令人惊讶的。最近,一项全球性的研究显示,人们每天看电视的时间平均为3小时。北美地区的人们每天平均看4.5个小时的电视,而日本人则位居榜首,他们平均每天看5小时电视。这些时间积少成多。如果我们每天观看4小时电视的话,到60岁时,我们在电视机前所度过的时间将会达到10年。然而,我们中没有一个人会愿意在墓碑上刻上:“这里长眠的是我们的朋友,他或她一生中六分之一的时光在看电视。”

人们是因为喜欢而花上几个小时看电视吗?并不一定。许多人觉得他们看电视的时间太长了,并且为没有更有意义地利用时间而感到内疚。有些人会称自己为“电视迷”。当然,你不可能像吸毒上瘾那样看电视上瘾,尽管两者之间也有相似之处。瘾君子在毒品上花很多的时间,尽管他们想减少或者戒除毒瘾,但他们做不到。为了使用毒品,他们牺牲了重要的社会和家庭活动。此外,当他们停止使用毒品时,又要忍受断瘾症状之苦。而所有这些症状也会发生在观看电视过量的人身上。“吃蜜过多,是不好的。”智者所罗门王说(《旧约·箴言篇》25章27节)。同样的原则也适用于看电视。尽管电视也为我们提供了许多有价值的东西,长时间看电视则会占用与家人相处的时间,对孩子的阅读能力和学业成绩产生不良影响,并会导致肥胖。如果你花费大量的时间来看电视,想想你能得到何种回报应是明智之举。我们的时间太宝贵了,不能如此浪费。同时,想想我们看的是什么节目也是聪明的做法。

Key to ExercisesBasic Reading

Reading Comprehension1. 1) B 2) A 3) D 4) B 5) B 6) C2. 1) D 2) E 3) B 4) A 5) F 6) C

Vocabulary1. 1) C 2) D 3) B 4) C 5) B 6) D 7) B 8) C2. 1) in 2) over 3) to 4) in 5) for 6) from 7) about 8) at3. 1) measure 2) suspected 3) range 4) measures  5) rates 6) range 7) rated 8) suspects

Structure1. 1) C 2) B 3) A 4) A 5) C 6) C 7) B 8) C 9) D 10) B2. 1) They plan to build a highway leading into the mountains.  2) There were 220 children studying in the arts school.  3) The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.  4) He was woken up by a bell ringing.3. 1) It is surprising that so young a kid could play the piano so skillfully.  2) It is exciting that he has won the first place in the running race.  3) It is believed that the quality of air affects health.  4) It was reported that the thieves had stolen so much gold from the bank.

Translation1. 1) All of these can be related to ordinary life.  2) Apparently, the suspect has returned to the crime scene.  3) The scale of the disaster soon became evident.  4) Is there anything in particular you’d like for dinner / supper?  5) Let’s explore the possibilities for improvement of the working condition.  6) Aside from speaking several foreign languages, she was also a play director at school.  7) I can really relate to that article you sent me.  8) Anna’s design appeals to a wide range of women.2. 1) 诺斯说他希望研究为什么音乐在人的身份中能起到如此重要的作用。  2) 这是我们第一次真正详细地研究这个问题。  3) 因此,性格与音乐偏好有所关联并不应该令人吃惊。  4) 诺斯注意到古典音乐与重金属摇滚乐吸引了具有类似性格但不同年龄段的听众。  5) 这个性格组中较年轻的成员似乎都喜欢重金属音乐,而年长的成员则更中意古典音乐。  6) 诺斯正在为研究同一内容的在线问卷调查寻找参与者。

Cloze Test  1) A 2) B 3) B 4) A 5) B 6) C 7) C 8) B 9) D 10) DExtensive Reading

Reading Comprehension1. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) F 6) T 7) T 8) F

Vocabulary1. 1) C 2) B 3) D 4) A 5) C 6) B 7) A 8) B2. 1) on average 2) invent 3) academic 4) surveyed  5) billion 6) not necessarily 7) sacrifice 8) viewing

Structure  1) B 2) C 3) A 4) D 5) B 6) A 7) C 8) D

Translation  1) We should devote more time to the sports activities.  2) She made a big sacrifice for her position today. / She sacrificed a great deal for her position today.  3) He is going to quit his job next month because his salary is too low.  4) After he became famous, he received 50 letters a day on average.  5) The concert drew a large audience.  6) You need to invest more time and energy in friends and family.  7) The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.  8) Can you please tell me who invented the telephone?Supplementary Reading1) B。解析:题目考查对“明天是新的一天”这句话的了解。根据第一段得知这是70年前的电影《乱世佳人》中的一句台词,时至今日还具有影响力,故选项A、C都有错,而选项D在文中无法找到证据,故正确选择是B。2) C。解析:题目问第二段的段落大意。第二段的第一句是过渡句,使文章从第一段自然过渡到第二段。第二句概括了电影的主人公郝思嘉在电影中的主要经历。由此可见,这段的主要内容就是电影的主题,即爱情以及在战争中的生存。3) D。解析:题目问为什么电影在1940年的中国大受欢迎。根据第四段的相关内容可知,当时的中国人民正在经历抗日战争,他们在《乱世佳人》中看到了他们自己正承受着的痛苦,并看到了在废墟上重建家园的希望和可能。由此可见,D“电影给了他们重建家园的希望”为正确选项。4) B。解析:题目问为什么电影在今天仍能吸引观众的原因。根据最后一段的第一句话可知,各国观众都能对电影产生认同感,并将电影视为人类的胜利,因此选项B为正确答案。5) C。解析:题目问的是短文的标题,考查对全文中心思想的理解。文章简要介绍了这部70年前制作的电影,并对它之所以受到各国观众长久以来的欢迎和认同进行了讨论。选项C“逝去却并未被忘记”抓住了文章的这一核心,并巧妙地利用了电影的英文片名,即指出了电影已有70年历史这一事实,又点出了它历久弥新、仍能引起观众共鸣的能力。Grammar Practice1. 1) what he thinks  2) what you want to do  3) whom he is talking to  4) what he had done  5) what his name is  6) whom she should listen to

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