《新东方英语》中学生2015年12月号(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)

作者：《新东方英语》编辑部

出版社：《海外文摘》杂志社

格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT

《新东方英语》中学生2015年12月号试读：

★卷首语★

Winter Scene 冬景

There is now not a single

leaf on the cherry tree:

except when the jay

plummetsin, lights, and,

in pure clarity, squalls:

then every branch

quivers and

breaks out in blue leaves.

没有一片叶子

在樱桃树上：

直到松鸦

骤然而至，停歇，

啼声清越纯净：

于是，每一根树枝

都开始颤抖，

绽放出蓝色的叶片。赏析

阿奇·伦道夫·阿蒙斯(Archie Randolph Ammons, 1926~2001)，美国著名诗人，康奈尔大学教授，一生著有近30部诗集，擅长交替使用滑稽和严肃的语调来描述人与自然的关系，曾两度获得美国国家图书奖(诗歌类)以及众多其他奖项。其代表作有诗集《树之海岸》(A Coast of Trees)、《垃圾》(Garbage)等。《冬景》以简洁的笔触描绘了一幅充满情趣的冬日图景：光秃秃的樱桃树上不见一片树叶，突然，一只松鸦飞了过来，停在枝头，扑打着蓝色的羽翅，霎时，原本空无一物的枝头仿佛绽放出片片蓝色的树叶，给万物肃杀的严冬注入生命的灵动。诗人从纷繁芜杂的冬日图景中择取这一幅洁净的画面，进行放大和特写，空无一物的樱桃树和蓝色羽毛幻化而成的片片树叶形成鲜明的意象对比，给人以深刻印象。

诗人用词吝啬，不事雕琢，寥寥数笔，刻画出生动鲜明的意象，颇得意象主义诗歌的神韵。

★特别推荐★

乔什·哈切森

在这个男神当道的时代，也许你觉得他不够帅，但你一定无法抵挡他那纯净无公害的笑容和温文尔雅的气质；也许你觉得他海拔不够高，但你一定不能否认他健壮的好身材、对运动的热爱和阳光大男孩的性格；也许你觉得他还不够耀眼，但他的诙谐睿智、勤勉奋进一定令你对他心生敬佩、另眼相待；也许你对他的印象一直停留在拍青少年电影的偶像派，但事实上他是一直努力突破自己、不断前行的实力派……给你一个了解他的机会，他一定会成为你心目中不可替代的男神！

During his downtimefrom shooting The Hunger Games in Atlanta, Georgia, Josh Hutcherson would go to the park and join in with games of football, or soccer as the American calls it."I always think if I was in their position, how weird it would be.You know? Just in the park playing a normal soccer game in Atlanta, and all of a sudden, like, 'Wait, is that Peeta, coming to play? What the hell is he doing here?'"

The 22-year-old Chelsea fan laughs, before adding, "That would be so weird.Sometimes me and Woody Harrelsonwould go and play pick-upgames—Woody loves to play soccer too—and it's just a weird thing to be a part of it."

It's a typical gesture from the actor, who seems determined to make the ordinary out of the extraordinary.Indeed, he's so mild-mannered and down-to-earth, that it's hard to think of him as being the star of the biggest franchise to hit our screens this year.As soon as he's recognised on the field, and it doesn't take long, he says he has to work twice as hard to prove himself: "You've got a target on your back, that's for sure.'I wanna try to take him down.' You have to be careful."

在佐治亚州亚特兰大拍摄《饥饿游戏》的间隙，乔什·哈切森总是去公园加入踢足球的行列，这位美国演员称之为“英式足球”。“我常常想，如果我是他们，会觉得这事儿有多怪。你知道吧？就是你正在亚特兰大的公园里好好地踢着球呢，然后忽然就会说：‘且慢，那不是皮塔吗，他也来踢球？见鬼，他来这儿干吗？’”

这位22岁(编注：本文发表于2014年9月)的切尔西队球迷笑了，接着又补充道：“那简直太怪了。有时我跟伍迪·哈里森会去那里加入临时组织的比赛——伍迪也喜欢踢足球——这么做真的是挺怪的。”

这是哈切森典型的姿态，他似乎一心想化不凡为平凡。确实，他是如此温文尔雅、朴实谦逊，让人很难相信他是今年上映的最热门的系列电影中的明星。他说一旦在球场上被人认出来，而且那一般用不了多久，他就必须加倍努力证明自己。“你就成了别人的靶子，这是肯定的。‘我想设法把他放倒。’你必须得小心点才行。”A Hollywood Celebrity Working Hard to Prove Himself一个努力要证明自己的好莱坞名人

He should be used to coming under attack by now.Peeta Mellark, his character in The Hunger Games, is a contestant in a game in which the victor is whoever doesn't get killed.Although he and Katniss, played by Jennifer Lawrence, at the end of the first film both survive after a rule change works to their benefit.They fake a love story and must endear themselves to television viewers.It's easy to imagine that, were Hutcherson to subject himself to a reality show, such as I'm a Celebrity ...Get Me Out of Here, he would have no problems with winning over voters.He's incredibly likeable with seemingly no airs and graces.

As with the final book of the Harry Potter franchise, the final episode of The Hunger Games trilogy has been split into two films: Mockingjay, Part 1 and Part 2.The splitting of the book into two films has met with Hutcherson's approval.Hutcherson is extremely adeptat saying all the right things when necessary, but he doesn't hide the fact that he'd rather just concentrate on talking about himself, and the film at hand."I'm not a PRperson.I'm an actor.I want to make movies and tell stories and all the auxiliarythings that come from The Hunger Games can be frustrating at times, but I think the good far outweigh the bad."

他现在应该已经习惯成为别人攻击的目标了。在影片《饥饿游戏》中，他的角色皮塔·麦拉克参与的就是一场残酷的争斗——没有被杀死的人(不管是谁)才是赢家。不过在第一部影片的结尾，他和詹妮弗·劳伦斯饰演的凯特尼斯在一条规则发生改变从而对他们有利之后，都活了下来。他们编造了一个爱情故事，必须要取悦电视观众。倘若哈切森在参加《我是明星……带我离开这儿》之类的真人秀节目，不难想象，赢得拥趸对他而言应该不成问题。他看上去一点也不做作，非常讨人喜欢。

如同《哈利·波特》系列的终结篇一样，《饥饿游戏》三部曲的最后一部也被分成了两部影片——《嘲笑鸟(上)》和《嘲笑鸟(下)》。将原著拆分成两部影片得到了哈切森的赞同。哈切森非常擅长在必要的时候说正确的话，但他并不隐瞒他宁可只谈跟他本人和即将上映的电影有关的话题这一事实。“我又不是公关人员，我是个演员。我只想拍电影，把故事讲好。所有那些伴随《饥饿游戏》而来的事情有时真的挺让人恼火的，不过我觉得利还是远远大于弊。”An Icon Pursuing Progress 一个追求进步的偶像

The actor has been put right into the middle of fan culture.He is an icon.Yet he finds some of the reactions bizarre."It's weird when people cry.Tears falling down their cheeks and you're like 'I'm sorry.I don't want to make you cry.Shall I go now?' I don't know what to do.It's uncomfortable."

He hopes that the tears will dry as he graduates from young adult films.It's a natural process that as actors get older they don't want to be stuck doing teen movies.Yet Hutcherson is still young, and looks younger and could get away withplaying teenagers for some time yet, but it's with some relishthat he says, "I think I've had my share of young adult movies.It's been great in many ways, but it's time to move on."

And what Hutcherson wants he usually gets.He was only four years old when the Kentucky native announced to his parents that he wanted to be an actor.Initially, his flight attendant mother, and his father, an analyst at an environmental agency, didn't want him to act.Nonetheless, aged nine, he was on the phone to an agent in Los Angeles trying to get an acting gig.

He was an immediate success, winning roles on television, before the character Hero Boy was created using motion capturefrom his facial expressions and body movements in The Polar Express.More prominent film roles in Little Manhattan, Bridge to Terabithia and 2008 remake of Journey to the Centre of the Earth followed.But it was his nuancedrole playing the son of a same sex couple searching for his biological father in The Kids Are All Right that demonstrated that he was more than just another flash in the panchild actor.

He's already made his first inroadsinto more adult fare.He stars in Escobar: Paradise Lost, in which Benicio del Toroplays the Colombian drug baronEscobar and Hutcherson plays an American named Nick who dates Escobar's daughter and becomes part of his inner circle.

"I was nervous," says Hutcherson about playing Nick."It was the most pressure I've had in a film to perform and execute at a high level.A lot of the plot rides onmy character and if I sucked it was going to be so bad.The director Andrea was the biggest help, he had so much confidence in me."

It was also a chance for him to act alongside del Toro.The Academy Award winner had cast Hutcherson in a short film that he made as part of the 7 Days in Havana project.

As for drugs in Hollywood, Hutcherson says, "I'm aware of it definitely.It's something that is all around, but you can choose to be in it or not and it's all about surrounding yourself with the right kind of people.For me I want to live and experience life and have a good time and everything but all in moderation."

His conversation is pepperedwith irony, which he uses to create humour whenever the opportunity presents itself.Asked how he copes with the pressure of being the star of a Hollywood franchise he quips, "A lot of drugs." Before adding, "I don't feel pressure, everybody is talking about it so maybe I should.I feel really comfortable and relaxed, and where my career goes, it goes, and if people stop hiring me then I'll find a way to stay happy and do something else I love.I want to produce and direct."

He's already created a production company with his mother to achieve that goal and judging by how everything else has gone in his career, it'll be no surprise if it's soon flying high.

哈切森被推到了粉丝文化的正中央，成了偶像。不过他觉得有些影迷的反应很怪异：“奇怪的是有些人会哭。眼泪从他们的脸上流下来时，你会想说，‘抱歉，我可不想把你弄哭。我应该走开吗？’我感到手足无措。这样挺不自在的。”

他希望自己从青少年电影“毕业”之后，影迷们不会再流泪。随着演员们年龄渐长，他们不想一直被青少年电影所局限，这是一个很自然的过程。不过哈切森年纪尚轻，外表更显年轻，就是再演一段时间青少年也没有太大问题，但是他饶有兴味地说：“我认为青少年电影我已经拍得够多了。从很多方面看，这是个很好的经历，但是我应该继续前进了。”

哈切森总是能得到自己想要的东西。这个土生土长的肯塔基州男孩在四岁时就向父母宣布自己要当演员。起初，身为空乘的妈妈和在一家环境机构担任分析员的爸爸并不想让他演戏。尽管如此，九岁时，他还是和洛杉矶的一位经纪人通了电话，设法争取一个演出机会。

他立刻就获得了成功。在影片《极地特快》中，主角小男孩正是利用动态捕捉技术捕捉他的面部表情和身体动作创造出来的，而在此之前，他已经在电视剧里演过好几个角色。后来，他又在电影《小曼哈顿》《仙境之桥》和2008年重拍的《地心历险记》中出演了更重要的角色。但是，证明他并非又一个昙花一现的童星的是他在影片《孩子们都很好》中细致入微地塑造的角色。他在该片中饰演一对同性伴侣的儿子，一心想要找到自己的亲生父亲。

他已经在较为成人化的角色方面取得了初步进展。在电影《埃斯科瓦尔：失乐园》中，贝尼西奥·德尔·托罗饰演片中的哥伦比亚毒枭埃斯科瓦尔，哈切森则饰演一个名叫尼克的美国人，与埃斯科瓦尔的女儿约会，并成为埃斯科瓦尔手下核心集团的成员。

对于扮演尼克一角，哈切森表示：“我很紧张，这是让我压力最大的一部电影，我得拿出高水平的演出。片中有很多情节依靠我的角色推动，如果我演砸了，就把戏给毁了。导演安德里亚对我的帮助最大，他非常信任我。”

影片还为他提供了与德尔·托罗一起演戏的机会。这位奥斯卡得主在为《七天哈瓦那》这个电影项目拍摄一个短片时曾选用哈切森作为演员。

对于好莱坞的毒品问题，哈切森表示：“我当然知道这个问题。毒品无处不在，但你可以选择参与或不参与，关键是你得让自己和靠谱的朋友在一起。对我而言，我想体验人生，过得愉快，一切顺遂，不过这些都要适度。”

他的谈话充满了反讽口吻，一有机会就会用此幽上一默。作为一部好莱坞系列大片中的明星，当被问及他是如何应对这种压力时，他嘲讽地说：“嗑药呗。”接着他说：“我没觉得有压力，每个人都在谈论压力，或许我也该这样。我感觉真的挺轻松自在的，至于我的事业未来如何发展，就顺其自然吧，如果别人不再请我拍戏，我也会找到令自己保持快乐的法子，做一些其他我喜欢做的事。我希望能当制片人和导演。”

为了实现这一目标，他已经和妈妈一起开办了一家制片公司。以他此前事业的发展状况来判断，如果这家公司很快就大获成功，那也不足为奇。A Young Actor Grateful of Companions and Opportunities一个对同伴和机会感恩的年轻演员

Unlike the stars of that other popular YA franchise, Twilight, Hutcherson is grateful that the young cast of The Hunger Games series isn't seen by the public as being inextricablylinked to the property, which affords him the opportunity to dive into edgierprojects like Escobar.That, he says, is because of Jennifer Lawrence.

"We got lucky!" he says."I think it helps so much that Jennifer is who she is, and has done the work that she's done.It gives us more credibility that we're associated with her, since she's been nominated for multiple Oscars and won one.Also, The Hunger Games didn't create us.The makers brought all the cast members onto the project and helped create it.I think that's a big reason why we're not tied to it in a negative way."

Things weren't always so peachyfor Hutcherson.The young actor, who's been in the business since the age of 9 when he landed a role on the TV pilot House Blend, was one of three finalists for the role of Spider-Man in the reboot The Amazing Spider-Man.The role eventually went to the limber Andrew Garfield.

"That was one of the biggest heartbreaks in the world where I didn't get Spider-Man," he says."I wanted it so bad.But then, I got The Hunger Games a few months later, and was like, Fuck yeah! It all worked out."

The two-part finale to The Hunger Games franchise, Mockingjay, finished filming in June.According to Hutcherson, wrappingwas "bittersweet", and as a result, the cast didn't have a massive celebration at the end of it.

跟另一部大受欢迎的青少年系列电影《暮光之城》的明星们不同，《饥饿游戏》系列电影的年轻演员们并没有被大众视为与影片密不可分，这让哈切森能够有机会参与《埃斯科瓦尔》这类题材更大胆的影片。他说，这得归功于詹妮弗·劳伦斯。“我们很幸运！”他说，“我认为，詹妮弗做人的真性情和她取得的成就对我们帮助很大。由于跟她一起合作，我们也获得了更多的信任，因为她曾几度获得奥斯卡奖提名并赢得一次奥斯卡奖。此外，并不是《饥饿游戏》造就了我们，是制片人带领一众演员共同造就了这部戏。我想，我们之所以没有以消极的方式与这部戏拴在一起，这是主要原因。”

哈切森的事业也并非总是一帆风顺。这位年轻演员九岁时就凭借电视试播剧《House Blend》中的角色出道，还曾是重拍的《超凡蜘蛛侠》一片中蜘蛛侠一角最终的三名人选之一——这个角色最终落到了身手灵活的英国演员安德鲁·加菲尔德手里。“没能得到蜘蛛侠的角色是我在世上最伤心的事之一，”他说，“我太希望得到这个角色了，不过，几个月之后我就拿到了《饥饿游戏》的片约，我当时想，太棒了！努力总算没白费。”《饥饿游戏》系列的终结篇《嘲笑鸟》上下两部已于6月拍摄完毕。据哈切森说，影片杀青时感觉“苦乐参半”，因此全体演员并没有在杀青后大肆庆祝。

Things You Never Knew About Josh Hutcherson 你所不知道的乔什·哈切森

Hutcherson is no stranger to the kitchen, and he told InStyle magazine that he makes "a meanapple pie".He prepares the entire pie, including the crust, from scratch.This skill came in handyfor his role as the baker's son, Peeta, in the Hunger Games movies.

哈切森可不是厨房里的稀客，他告诉《造型》杂志说，他做的“苹果派好极了”。他能从头开始完成整个派的制作，包括制作苹果派的皮。在《饥饿游戏》系列电影中扮演面包师之子皮塔这个角色时，他的这门手艺派上了用场。His Mother Homeschooled Him他的母亲在家教他读书

Hutcherson attended New Haven Elementary School in his hometown until he decided to pursue an acting career.His mother then quit her job with an airline to assist her son with his dream.Teaching him at home was one of her duties.

哈切森曾就读于家乡的纽黑文小学，直到他决定从事演艺事业。他的母亲就辞去了航空公司的工作，以帮助儿子实现梦想。在家教他读书正是她的职责之一。Kristen StewartGave Him a Pet Turtle克里斯汀·斯图尔特送过他一只宠物龟

Hutcherson and Kristen Stewart met on the set of the film Zathura in 2005.That same year, Kristen gave Hutcherson a turtle for his 13th birthday.He named the turtle Bob.

哈切森跟克里斯汀·斯图尔特是2005年在电影《勇敢者的游戏2》的片场认识的。就在那一年，克里斯汀送给哈切森一只乌龟作为他的13岁生日礼物。哈切森给这只乌龟起名叫鲍勃。He Is a Fan of Some Popular Idols他是一些流行偶像的粉丝

Hutcherson frequently cites Jake Gyllenhaalas his professional inspiration.He has also looked up to Justin Timberlakefor most of his life.As a child, he once dyed the tips of his hair to match Timberlake's platinum blondelocks.When he was nine years old, Hutcherson performed onstage with his childhood idol Timberlake.

哈切森常常将杰克·吉伦哈尔称作他的业界偶像。贾斯汀·汀布莱克也是他多年来一直敬仰的人。他小时候曾经有一次把发梢染成和汀布莱克的头发相同的浅金色。九岁时，哈切森有幸和自己儿时的这位偶像同台表演。

爱自拍

Dear Friends Who Take Selfies,

I want you to know that I love it when you post pictures of yourself.I know selfies get a lot of bad press, but I think they're rad.They give me a little window into your life, and you'd be amazed at how much I can get out of one little photo.

I love your pictures because I love seeing what you're wearing—the outfitsyou build give me ideas about how to mix it up with my own wardrobe, and seeing you work your shitgives me courage to try clothing that I otherwise might have thought was too outlandishor revealing.

I love seeing how you do your hair and makeup.You look like a hot babeand I wish you would make YouTube tutorialsexplaining how you get your eyelinerjust so.I want you to post pictures every time you change your hair, because seeing you cycle through all those neon colours gives me great ideas about what to do next with my own hair.

I love when you take selfies in your house.It's neatto see where you live.When your place is cluttered, it makes me feel better about my own messyapartment.When your house is neat, it encourages me to get my shit togetherand do the damn dishes already.I like seeing the things you own and the art you put on your walls, because those things tell me so much about who you are and what you care about.

I love when you take selfies while on vacation.I don't get to travel often, so your pictures allow me to live vicariouslythrough you.The excitement on your face when you take a selfie at the Trevi Fountain or by the Arc de Triomphe is perfect and beautiful.I've seen a thousand pictures of the Louvre Pyramid, but the most interesting ones are the ones with you in it.If I wanted to see a picture of the Great Wall of China all on its own, I could just google it.You're what makes those pictures special.

Mostly I love your selfies because I love seeing you feel good about yourself.I love how your face glows when you look like a million bucksand you know it.I love when you celebrate yourself.You deserve to be celebrated.

It's easy for people to roll their eyesat selfies and make jokes about girls who just want attention, but the truth is that for lots of girls posting pictures of themselves is a way of challenging our culture's narrow beauty standards.

Selfies are a way of saying, "I love myself, and I will fight anyone who tries to change that fact."

Selfies are not a question.They're not asking, "Do you think I'm pretty?"

Selfies are a statement: "I am here."

I see you.

I love you.

You matter.

Your selfies are inspirational.That might sound corny, but it's true.When I see you love yourself, it helps me love myself.I suspect the same is true for lots of other people who see your pictures.

So please keep taking selfies.Please fill my Facebook and Twitter feedswith your wonderfulface.Every picture you post fills me with so much joy.I love seeing you.

亲爱的喜爱自拍的朋友们：

我希望你们知道我爱死你们发的那些自拍照了。我知道这些自拍照受到了不少非议，但我觉得它们棒极了。它们为我打开了一扇小小的窗，让我能够走进你们的生活，而且你们一定会惊讶，我竟然能从一张小小的照片里得到这么多信息。

我爱死你们的照片了，因为我喜欢看你们穿什么样的衣服——你们的衣着搭配会给我启发，让我知道如何合理搭配自己衣橱里的衣服；你们化腐朽为神奇的穿衣之道让我有勇气去尝试那些我本来可能会觉得太另类或太暴露的衣服。

我喜欢看你们做的发型和化的妆。你们看上去就像是热力四射的辣妹，我真希望你们能制作一些YouTube教程，讲解一下你们是怎么把眼线画得这么完美的。我希望你们每一次换发型后都发几张照片，因为看着所有那些霓虹灯般亮丽的色彩在你们头上轮番绽放，我也脑洞大开，对于接下来如何打理我自己的头发有了不少好主意。

我喜欢你们在自己家里拍的自拍照。能看见你们生活的环境，这种感觉真妙！如果你们的家里一片狼藉，那会让我对自己乱七八糟的公寓感觉好一点；如果你们的家里干净整洁，那正好激励我把我的东西好好收拾收拾，把那些讨厌的碗碟好好洗洗。我喜欢看你们家里摆放的东西和墙上挂的艺术品，因为这些东西可以告诉我很多信息：你们是什么样的人、你们喜欢什么。

我喜欢你们在度假时拍的自拍照。我不经常去旅行，所以你们的照片让我可以通过你们去间接感受生活。当你们在许愿池边或凯旋门旁拍照时，你们脸上洋溢的兴奋是那么纯粹、那么美丽。我看过上千张卢浮宫金字塔的照片，但最有意思的还是里面有你们的那些。如果我想看中国长城本身的照片，我直接上谷歌搜索就可以了。那些照片之所以特别，是因为上面有你们的身影。

我爱死你们的自拍照了，最重要的原因是我喜欢看见你们充满自信的样子。我喜欢你们看上去很好并且自己也知道这一点时容光焕发的样子。我喜欢你们赞美自己。你们值得被赞美。

人们容易对自拍照不以为然，还会拿那些只想获得关注的女孩开玩笑，但事实上，对很多女孩来说，发自己的自拍照是挑战我们文化中狭隘的审美标准的一种方式。

自拍照这种方式可以传达这样的声音：“我爱我自己，我会和任何试图改变这个事实的人战斗到底。”

自拍照不是一个疑问句，它们不是在问：“你觉得我漂亮吗？”

自拍照是一个陈述句：“我在这里。”

我看见你们了。

我爱你们。

你们很重要。

你们的自拍照鼓舞了我。这或许听起来有些老套，但这是真的。看见你们那么爱自己帮助我学会了爱我自己。我想其他很多看见你们照片的人也同样如此。

所以请继续自拍吧。请用你们美丽的容颜填满我的Facebook和推特消息列表吧。你们发的每一张照片都让我内心无比喜悦，我喜欢看见你们的样子！Selfie Obsession 我们为啥爱自拍？◎By Melissa Walker译/古娟

It's easy: flipthe viewon your phone and hold it at a high angle, making your eyes look bigger and your cheekbones more defined.Position your thumb over the button, turn to your best side and click.

The art of the selfie is one that lots of people have practiced and perfected in recent years.Seriously, lots.According to a study, more than 90% of teens have posted a photo of themselves online.You're not alone: celebrities like Miley Cyrus, Rihanna and Justin Bieber are perpetualselfie posters, as you've likely noticed.And when even the Mars roveris programmed to be able to take photos of itself, you know selfies are more than just a trend.They're here to stay.

自拍很简单：翻转你手机上的取景框，然后把手机举到一个较高的角度，好让你的眼睛显得更大，颧骨轮廓显得更加分明。把你的大拇指对着按钮，转动身体秀出你最好看的一面，然后按下按钮。

近几年来，许多人都对自拍技巧进行了练习与提升。我是说真的，这样的人有很多。一项研究表明，90%以上的青少年都在网上晒过自拍照。这样的人可不止你一个：正如你可能已经注意到的那样，像麦莉·赛勒斯、蕾哈娜和贾斯汀·比伯这样的名人也一直都在晒自拍照。甚至当“火星漫游者”都被设定了能给自己拍照的程序时，你就知道自拍已经不仅仅是流行一时的趋势了，它将长期存在下去。

Part of the reason for their popularity? "The cultof the selfie celebratesregular people," says Pamela Rutledge, Ph.D., faculty director of the media psychology program at the Massachusetts School of Professional Psychology."There are many more photographs available now of real people than models." And posting selfies is an empowering act for another reason: it allows you to control your image online."I am painfully self-consciousabout photos of myself," admits Samantha, 19, from Missouri."I like having the power to choose how I look, even if I'm making a funny face."

But let's be real: the most common selfie is the one where you look cute, partially because it's a quick way to get positive comments about your appearance."If I feel pretty, I take one," says Maryland, native Paris, 23."When other people Likeit, it's a mini boostof confidence."

自拍如此受欢迎的部分原因是什么呢？“自拍的盛行宣扬了普通人，”麻省职业心理学学院媒体心理学课程的负责人帕梅拉·拉特利奇博士说，“如今在网上可以看得到很多现实生活中的人的照片，它们比模特的照片要多得多。”而晒自拍照能给人以力量的另一个原因在于，它让你能掌控自己在网上的形象。“我对自己的照片感到特别不自在，”来自密苏里州19岁的萨曼莎承认，“我喜欢我能选择自己在照片上是什么样子，即使是我在做鬼脸。”

不过，我们还是实际一点吧：最常见的自拍照都是那种你在其中看起来很漂亮的照片，部分原因就在于这种照片能让你很快就得到别人对你容貌的正面评价。“如果我觉得自己很漂亮，我就会自拍一张，”土生土长的巴黎人、23岁的马里兰说，“当别人给我的这张照片点赞时，我的自信心就会得到小小的提升。”

Sure, showing off a new outfit or that you're at a cool event is fun, but it can be a slippery slope.Psychologist Jill Weber, Ph.D., says there's a danger that your self-esteemmay start to be tied to the comments and Likes you get when you post a selfie, and they aren't based on who you are—they're based on what you look like.On one hand, seeking validationis totally normal, Dr.Weber explains: "It's a healthy way for teenagers to develop their identity." But with social networks, where it's easy to get quick hits of approval almost constantly, the selfie thing can quickly spiralout of control.It may even start to feel like an addiction: when you get a "GORGE", you're up, but when you get nothing—or a "get over yourself"—your confidence can plummet.Girls in particular are socialized toward seeing themselves as lovable and worthwhile only if others value them, Dr.Weber notes, and "selfie culture is a way for this tendency to go into overdrive".

炫耀你穿了一身新衣服或者你在参加一个很棒的活动，这的确很有意思，但它却有可能让你滑向失败的深渊。心理学家吉尔·韦伯博士说，这里存在着这样一种危险：当你晒出一张自拍照时，你的自尊心就有可能开始被你所收到的评论与点赞牵着走，并且这些评论与点赞并不是基于你的为人，而是基于你的外貌。一方面，寻求认同是完全正常的，韦伯博士解释说：“这是一种能使青少年发展自我个性的健康方式。”然而，由于在各类社交网络中很容易就能得到迅速且几乎没完没了的点赞，所以自拍这种东西可能会快速蔓延到失控的地步。你甚至可能会开始有上瘾一般的感觉：当你收到一条内容为“棒极了”的评论，你会喜不自禁，而当你发现没人给你评论或点赞——或收到一条内容为“别自以为是了”的评论——你的自信心就有可能急剧下滑。韦伯博士注意到，女孩儿们尤其会受到影响，她们倾向于只有当别人重视自己时，才觉得自己可爱并有价值，而“自拍文化使这种趋势愈演愈烈”。

That could be one explanation for total selfie overload."My friends and I joke about people who have selfies as their cell phone backgrounds," says Cora, 17, from Massachusetts."It seems like they have nothing important in their lives other than the way they look, which is pretty shallow." But according to Dr.Weber, there's more to it than that."In my experience, girls who repeatedly post selfies struggle with low self-esteem," she says.

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