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西南大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解试读：
2010年西南大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
I. Phrase Translation
1．Translate the following English terms or phrases into Chinese (15 points)
(1) fossil fuel【答案】化石燃料
(2) emotion quotient【答案】情商
(3) commencement ceremony【答案】学位授予典礼/毕业典礼
(4) think tank【答案】智囊团/智库
(5) inaugural address【答案】就职演说
(6) vicious circle【答案】恶性循环
(7) vegetable oil【答案】植物油
(8) per capita GNP【答案】人均国民生产总值
(9) labour-intensive industries【答案】劳力密集型工业
(10) Associated Press【答案】美联社
(11) Kyoto Protocol【答案】京都议定书
(12) IAEA【答案】国际原子能机构(International Atomic Energy Agency)
(13) IOC【答案】国际奥林匹克委员会(International Olympic Committee)
(14) APEC【答案】亚太经贸合作组织(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)
(15) ASEAN【答案】东南亚国家联盟(Association Of Southeast Asian Nations)
2．Translate the following Chinese terms or phrases into English (15 points)
(16) 清洁能源【答案】clean energy
(17) 知识产权【答案】intellectual property
(18) 非物质文化遗产【答案】intangible cultural heritage
(19) 西部大开发【答案】large-scale development in west China
(20) 科学发展观【答案】Scientific Outlook on Development
(21) 温室效应【答案】greenhouse effect
(22) 自然保护区【答案】nature reserve
(23) 载人飞船【答案】manned spacecraft
(24) 转基因食品【答案】genetically modified food (GMF)
(25) 外汇储备【答案】foreign exchange reserve
(26) 按揭贷款【答案】mortgage loans
(27) 上海证券交易所【答案】Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE)
(28) 全国人民代表大会【答案】National People's Congress(NPC)
(29) 《论语》【答案】The Analects of Confucius
(30) 端午节【答案】Dragon Boat Festival
II. Passage Translation
1．Translate the following passage into Chinese (60 points)
The first of our society is a gentleman of Worcestershire, of ancient descent, a baronet, his name Sir Roger de Coverley. His great-grandfather was inventor of that famous country-dance which is called after him. All who know that shire are very well acquainted with the parts and merits of Sir Roger. He is a gentleman that is very singular in his behaviour, but his singularities proceed from his good sense, and are contradictions to the manners of the world only as he thinks the world is wrong.
However, this humor creates him no enemies, for he does nothing with sourness or obstinacy; and his being unconfined to modes and forms makes him but the readier and more capable to please and oblige all who know him. When he is in town, he lives in SoHo Square. It is said, he keeps himself a bachelor by reason he was crossed in love by a perverse beautiful widow of the next county to him. Before this disappointment, Sir Roger was what you call a fine gentleman, had often supped with my Lord Rochester and Sir George Etherege, fought a duel upon his first coming to town, and kicked bully Dawson in a public coffee-house for calling him youngster. But being ill-used by the above-mentioned widow, he was very serious for a year and a half; and though, his temper being naturally jovial, he at last got over it, he grew careless of himself, and never dressed afterward. He continues to wear a coat and doublet of the same cut that were in fashion at the time of repulse, which, in his merry humours, he tells us, has been in and out twelve times since he first wore it. It is said Sir Roger grew humble in his desires after he had forgot his cruel beauty, insomuch that it is reported he has frequently offended with beggars and gypsies; but this is looked upon, by his friends, rather as matter of raillery than truth. He is now in his fifty-sixth year, cheerful, gay and hearty; keeps a good house both in town and country; a great lover of mankind; but there is such a mirthful cast in his behaviour, that he is rather beloved than esteemed.【参考译文】
我们这个小团体中的第一个主角是一位来自伍斯特郡的绅士，出身于一个古老的家族，拥有从男爵的封号，名为罗杰·德·柯弗利爵士。他的曾祖父发明了著名的柯弗利舞，并且这种舞步也正是因他而得名。所有了解那个郡的人都会十分熟悉罗杰爵士的地位和功绩。他是一位举止奇特的绅士，不过这样奇特的举止大多是源于他那杰出的判断力：唯有在他认为世上既定的礼仪误入歧途之时，才会做出与此相悖之举。
实际上，他的幽默感总能使他得以避开各种敌意，毕竟他也从来不是一个尖酸顽固之人。另外，他的不拘礼法和不落俗套，还总能使他更容易随时令所有认识他的人收获愉悦或助益。在城里的时候，他总是住在苏豪广场。人们传说他总保持着单身汉的状态，只是因为他早已受困于爱情之中。他心头的爱人是邻村一位乖戾的漂亮寡妇。在经此挫折之前，罗杰爵士还是一位可以称得上是一位风度翩翩的绅士，常与罗彻斯特伯爵大人和乔治·埃瑟里奇爵士共进茶点。并且他初到镇上就参与了一场决斗，并在一个公共咖啡馆中怒踹恶汉道森，只因他将自己蔑称为“雏儿”。但在经历前述那位寡妇的折磨之后，他有一年半的时间变得十分严肃。尽管他乐天派的性格使得他恢复了过来，但之后他便越来越不拘小节，越来越不修边幅。他开始穿着一套固定的、同样款式的上衣和贴身马甲，因为它们在他遭受挫折的时候还算时尚。他常常用他那令人愉快的幽默感向我们自嘲说，自他头一回穿，这套衣服已经来来回回流行十二次了。据说，在忘记他那位残忍的美人儿之后，罗杰爵士在表达自己的意愿时开始变得愈发谦恭。甚至有人说，常常见到他被乞丐和吉普赛人纠缠冒犯。但这在他的朋友们看来更像是一种调侃，而不是事实。现在他已年满五十六岁了，依然积极乐观、无忧无虑、充满热情；同时在城里和乡下拥有两处不错的房产；还保持着对人类的爱心。日常生活中，他的举止就如同一个欢快的演员——很显然，他更愿意被人喜爱，而不是被人尊敬。
2．Translate the following passage into English (60 points)
今年初，我曾经讲过，今年恐怕是中国经济最为困难的一年。我国遭受了严重的雨雪冰冻灾害和特大地震灾害，又面临国内外复杂多变的环境。我们克服重重困难，保持了经济平稳较快发展的态势。上半年国内生产总值同比增长10.4%；农业发展势头良好，夏粮连续五年增产；投资、消费、出口三大需求增长趋向均衡，经济发展协调性增强；产业结构调整加快，节能减排取得明显成效，财政收入和企业利润保持较快增长，发展质量和效益进一步提高；城镇就业持续增加，城乡居民收入继续提高；近几个月来，居民消费价格指数涨幅逐月回落。总的看，中国经济发展的基本面没有改变，正朝着宏观调控的预期方向发展。【参考译文】
As I said earlier this year, this is probably the most difficult year for China’s economy. China has suffered from severe freezing rain and snow disasters and devastating earthquakes, facing a complex and changeable environment both at home and abroad. We have overcome many difficulties and maintained a steady and relatively fast economic development. The GDP increased by 10.4% in the first half year. The agriculture has a good momentum with a successive five-year increase of the grain yield. The economic development became more balanced, for the increasing demand in investment, consumption and exports tends to be stable. Industrial restructuring was accelerated, so that fiscal revenue and corporate profits maintained rapid growth. And remarkable results have been achieved in energy conservation and emission reduction, leading to the further improvement of development quality and efficiency. More jobs have been created in urban areas, and urban and rural income continues to grow. In recent months, CPI inflation has fallen month by month. On the whole, the fundamentals of China’s economic development have not changed, but are moving in the direction of macroeconomic regulation.
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