速才英语(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)


发布时间:2020-06-18 04:52:11

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作者:曹丽

出版社:浙江大学出版社

格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT

速才英语

速才英语试读:

Unit 1 词法(Words)

第一课单词

words+structure=perfect English

英语语言由两部分组成,即单词和结构,就像人体的肌肉和骨骼,两者密不可分。如果要说他们的重要性的比例,单词占60%,句子结构占40%。就像米和烹调技巧的比例,米的比例占60%,因为毕竟巧妇难为无米之炊(即If you have no hand, you can’t make a fist.)。所以词汇学习是英语学习的基础,也是英语学习的必要条件。接下来我们将会介绍几种趣味十足而行之有效的单词记忆法,很多学生使用后效果显著(每次用一小时可记忆120~150个单词)。

单词记忆可分为以下几种:一、头脑影院——串联法【例】

1.bird:鸟,火箭,导弹,羽毛球,家伙,姑娘,打鸟 (串联为:一个姑娘看见一只鸟,就拿起家伙打鸟,鸟乘坐火箭逃跑,咚,撞到导弹上爆炸变成羽毛球落下来)

2.play:玩,开玩笑,赌博,放音乐,飞舞,喷射,表演 (串联为:舞台上人们在放音乐表演,舞台下面的人在玩赌博开玩笑,空中喷射的泡沫在飞舞)

3.cat:猫,恶妇,鲢鱼,流动工人,弹射器,推土机 (串联为:坐在推土机上的流动工人用弹射器把一个正在偷吃鲢鱼的恶妇养的猫射死)

4.sun:太阳,阳光,恒星,日出,光源,中心人物,权力 (串联为:一个有权力的中心人物看日出,是恒星的太阳从光源处发出阳光)

5.dog:狗,坏蛋,废物,装阔气,双脚,小红肠,把手,铁架,劣质品 (串联为:双脚成了废物的坏蛋狗把手放在铁架上,一边吃着劣质品小红肠装阔气)二、读音联想法【例】

1.shark鲨鱼 (谐音:侠客,侠客杀死鲨鱼)

2.chief上司 (谐音:欺负,上司欺负人)

3.lounge休息室 (谐音:狼藉,休息室里一片狼藉)三、分解记忆【例】

1.blackboard黑板 (分解为:black黑色的,board板子)

2.bird-dog细心观察 (分解为:bird的心很细即细心,dog喜欢察言观色即观察)

3.smother窒息 (分解为:mother妈妈看见狮子s吓得窒息了)

4.cardigan羊毛衫 (分解为:小车car里面挖dig出一件an羊毛衫)

5.female女性 (分解为:fe非male须眉即女性)四、对比记忆【例】

1.glass玻璃——gloss光泽 (对比:玻璃glass的边角磨光了就发出光泽gloss)

2.rest休息——rust生锈 (对比:脱了衣服e就休息rest,没有油u就会生锈rust)

3.diary日记——dairy奶制品 (对比:中间有空气air的就是奶制品dairy,没空气的就是日记diary)

4.top顶端——pot锅 (对比:顶部top反过来就是锅pot)五、标签法【例】

1.常见否定前缀:dis-, mis-, anti-, ob-

disable 使残疾 discard 丢弃 dislike 讨厌

misapply 误用,滥用 misconstrue 误解,曲解 miscount 算错

antinuclear 反核武器 antiseismic 抗震的 antisocial 反社会

obscure 模糊的 obstacle 障碍 obscurant 蒙昧主义者

2.字根:audi-

audible 听得见的 audience 观众 audiometer 听度计

单词记忆方法图解图1.1

Exercises

◆ 试着用以上的单词记忆法来快速记忆以下单词或词组

话题一:中学生的爱好与兴趣

spare time 业余时间 favorite 最喜欢的 interest 兴趣

hobby 爱好 appetite 嗜好 taste 口味

read novels 看小说 play football/basketball 踢足球/打篮球

surf the Internet 上网 chat online 在线聊天 play games 玩游戏

collect stamps 集邮 make e-friends 交网友 climb mountains 爬山

watch TV 看电视 enjoy popular music 欣赏流行音乐

be interested in 对……感兴趣 develop an interest in 在……方面发展兴趣

be fond of 喜欢…… be keen on 喜欢……

have love for 喜爱…… have a taste in 对……有兴趣

话题二:劳动与劳动观念

work 工作 be at work 在工作 work hard 努力工作

produce 生产 worker 工人 labor force 劳动力

labor 劳动 voluntary labor 义务劳动 serve the people 为人民服务

heart and soul 全心全意 physical labor 体力劳动 mental labor 脑力劳动

labor viewpoint 劳动观念 Labor Day 劳动节 workday 工作日

means of labor 劳动方式 honorable 光荣的 be devoted to 奉献于

value 价值 earn money 赚钱 personal interests 个人利益

话题三:创建和谐社会

harmonious 和谐的 friendly 友好的 civilized 文明的

honest 真诚的 credible 诚信的 be public-spirited 有公德心的

balanced 平衡的 be in order 有序的 peaceful 和平的

live in harmony 生活和谐 sustainable development 可持续发展

help each ether 互助 care for each other 互相关心

have deep love for 热爱 be concerned with 关心

build 创建 cherish 珍惜

take an active part in 积极参与 pay attention to social morality 讲究社会公德

protect the environment 保护环境 save energy 节省能源

No pains, no gains.不劳无获。

…can be achieved by hard wok.……可以通过辛勤劳动获得。

It is difficult to find work in the present situation.在当前形势下,很难找到工作。

It is honorable to … ……是光荣的。

If everyone…for others and the society, our world will be…

如果每个人为他人和社会做……,我们这个世界将会……

Every one should… and devotes himself to building our motherland into a strong country.

每个人应该……,为把我们祖国建设成为一个强壮的国家而奉献自己的力量。

话题四:招聘与求职

employ 雇用 look for 寻找 take in 吸纳

full-time 全职的 part-time 兼职的 well-paid 薪水高的

be paid by the hour 按小时发工资 requirement 要求

résumé 个人履历 schooling 受教育情况 subjects 课程

working experience 工作经历 qualification 合格证明 transcript 成绩单

health 健康状况 present address 现在的通讯地址

apply for 申请…… graduate from 毕业于 major in 以……为专业

degree 学位 scholarship 奖学金 good grades 优异的成绩

hobby 爱好 favorite 最喜欢的 be skilled in 在……方面熟练

be good at 擅长…… experienced 有经验的 confident 自信的

English and computer ability 英语和计算机能力 healthy 健康的

话题五:中学生的健康问题

physical and mental condition 身体与精神状态

strong 强壮的 (un)healthy 不健康/健康的

overweight/fat 肥胖的 thin 瘦的

near/short-sighted 近视的 mentally unhealthy 精神不健康的

normal 正常的 abnormal 不正常的

energetic 精力旺盛的 unhealthy eating habit 不健康的饮食习惯

eat too much junk food 吃太多的垃圾食品 stay/keep healthy/fit 保持健康

build up one’s body/improve one’s health 强身健体

enough sleep 充足的睡眠 take regular exercise 进行有规律的运动

proper diet 合理的饮食 good living habits 良好的生活习惯

lose weight 减肥 remove heavy burdens 减轻负担

be good for/do good to 对……有好处 nutrition 营养

go on diet 节食 form a…eating habit 养成一个……的饮食习惯

breathe in fresh air 呼吸新鲜空气

话题六:环境保护

pollute 污染

Waste is scattered here and there.到处撒满了废弃物。

send out smoke and poisonous gases into the air 散发出烟和有毒气体

cut down trees 砍伐树木

pour waste water into the rivers 把废水注入河流

It is a shame to throw rubbish around.乱扔垃圾是可耻的。

form good habits to protect the surroundings 养成良好的习惯来保护环境

take active measures to protect rare animals 采取积极措施保护稀有动物

take good care of our forests 好好关心我们的森林

plant more trees to improve the environment 多植树来改善环境

The terrible pollution has done great harm to us as well as to the surroundings.可怕的污染已经给我们自己还有我们的环境带来了很大的危害。

话题七:校园文明与安全问题

school rules and regulations 学校规章制度 obey 遵守

observe 遵守 keep/observe discipline 遵守纪律

behave well 表现良好 be neatly dressed 穿戴整洁

respect one’s teachers and parents 尊敬师长 be on time 准时

keep the environment clean 保持环境干净 break the rules 违反规章制度

discipline 纪律 spit 吐痰

throw rubbish everywhere 乱扔垃圾 cheat in the exam 考试作弊

jump in line 插队 fight with sb.与……打架

punish sb.for 因……处罚某人

The students are told not to break any of the rules of the school.学校要求学生不要违反任何学校的规章制度。

The students are expected to… 学校期望学生……

It must be made clear that the students should… 必须明确的一点是,学生应该……

…is of no good to a friendly and harmonious society.……对创建友好和谐的社会是毫无益处的。

It is honorable to obey the principles and rules of our school.遵守学校的规章制度是光荣的。

It is worthy of praise to...……是值得表扬的。

It is shameful to… ……是可耻的。

What we should do is that… 我们应该做的事情是……

话题八:友谊

get to know sb.认识某人 know sb.really well 熟知某人

make friends with sb.和某人交朋友 a strong personality 一个很强的个性

personal matters 隐私 friendship 友谊

friendly 友好的 a close friend 一个亲密的朋友

trust each other 相互信任 precious 珍贵的

worthy 有价值的 understanding 通情达理的Unit 2 写作(Writing)第二课主语

•为什么日本侵略者常常说“你的带路的干活”?

•为什么英语中不能说“You are do it.”?

组成句子的各个部分称为句子的成分。根据它们在句子中所起的作用可分为:主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语、定语和状语。我们把抽象的英语成分用人体的形状来把它形象化(见图2.1):把主语比作人的头部,谓语比作人的身体。人没有头和身体就不能存活,同样英语句子没有主语和谓语就不能成为句子。图2.1

根据性别的差异人类可以分为两大类,即男人和女人。同样英语句子也可细分为有动作和没动作。我们把有动作的句子比作男人,因为男人喜欢运动;而把无动作的句子比作女人,因为女人比较文静。即“男人句子”就是“主谓宾状”结构;“女人句子”就是“主系表状”结构。我们用人体的各个部位来比喻句子的各个成分(见图2)。图2.2

在英语句子中,主语是一个句子的主体。它表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。通常放在谓语之前,一般不能省略。但汉语中主语却有很大的不同,汉语句子经常无主语或用动词作主语。以下部分就展示了主语在英汉两种语言中的不同。一、英汉主语的差异表2.1汉语 (主语)English (subject)1. 无头句:1. 补充主语:【例】安慰孤寡老人。e.g. The pets comfort the lonely old man.2. 用被动语态:e.g. The lonely old man is comforted.2. 地点作主语:地点作状语:【例】北京举办奥运e.g. The Olympic Games were held in Beijing 会。in 2008.3. 时间作主语:时间作状语:用 it作时间主语【例】今天星期二。e.g. It is Tuesday today.4. 动词作主语:动词非谓语化才能作主语:【例】跑步对身体有好e.g. Running is good for us.处。5. 长的句子或词组作因为英语是金字塔结构,主语太长要后置:it主语:作形式主语【例】在这个工厂工作e.g. To work in the factory is his will. 改为:It is 是他的愿望。his willing to work in the factory.二、非谓语动词

在汉语中,动词几乎可以作句子的任何成分,如动词作主语:跑步对身体有好处;动词作宾语:我喜欢跑步;等等。而在英语句子中动词只能作谓语,如果动词要作句子的其他成分必须非谓语化。我们可以用一个轴来表示一个句子,且句子只有一个谓语动词V,而句中要出现其他的动词则必须将其他动词非谓语化。发生在谓语动词前的动作用having done来表示;与谓语同时发生的动作用doing来表示;谓语之后的动作用to do来表示(见图3)。非谓语动词有以下四种基本形式。图2.3

Exercises

◆ 单项选择

1.__________ (finish)the work, he went out.

A.Having finished B.Finishing C.Finishes D.To finish

2.He came in __________ (smile).

A.smiled B.smiling C.to smile D.having smiled

3.He worked hard __________ (achieve)the aim on time.

A.achieve B.achieving C.having achieved D.to achieve【解析】题1的句子中已有一个动词went,所以finish 要非谓语化;因为finish发生在went之前,所以用having done的形式。同样题2中的smile 与谓语动词同时发生,因此用doing的形式。题3中的achieve发生在work之后,因此用to do的形式。因此,答案为1—3 ABD。

◆ 阅读

The law allowing the animals to be brought from the deep forest without strict control needs change.

The sentence mainly means:

A.The law shouldn’t allow the animals to be brought from the deep forest.

B.The law should allow the animals to be brought from the deep forest.【解析】总结一个句子的大意时,需要找它的主干,即主谓宾状或主系表。因为英语句子有且只有一个谓语动词,其余的都是非谓语。所以这个句子的主干即大意就是The law needs change,也就是“否定这个法律的做法”。因此,答案为A。

◆ 改错

1.There are many people play in the park.

2.I like run.【解析】英语句子有且只有一个谓语动词,其余的都要非谓语。题1有两个动词即are和play,所以play要非谓语化;同理题2的run要非谓语化。因此,答案为1.play—playing; 2.run—running。

◆ 汉译英

2010年4月29日上午10点到11点,在全国各地的大中小学校为增强学生体质进行了阳光体育活动。【解析】英语句子分为有动作的男人句子和没动作的女人句子。这个句子有动词“进行”,所以此句应该选择男人句子。因此汉语和英语的句子成分排列(见图2.4)。又因为英语句子只有一个动词,其余的动词要非谓语化,再者英语句子不能没有主语。因此这句可译为The sunshine sports program was held to make the students stronger in many primary and middle schools all over China from 10 a.m.to 11 a.m.on April 29, 2010.

图2.4第三课句型

用一个句子作主语就是主语从句。那么什么是从句还要从句型谈起。一、句 型

总结:一个句子只有一个动词,其余的动词就要非谓语化;如果一个句子已有两个动词且句意完整,必须加一个连词;反之一个句子有一个连词,就应该有两个动词。

Exercises

◆ 单项选择

1.Mary shouted, __________ to the notice.

A.and angrily pointing B.and point angrily

C.angrily pointed D.angrily pointing

2.He walked down the hills, __________ softly to himself.

A.sings B.singing C.sung D.to sing

3.__________ the composition, John handed it to the teacher.

A.Writing B.Having written C.Written D.Being written【解析】英语句子只有一个动词,其他动词要么非谓语化,要么加连词。题1中的选项A 有一个连词却只有一个动词;选项B中两个动词时态不一致;选项C中两个动词无连词;D中只有一个动词,且pointing 非谓语化,因此,答案为D。题2和3同理。因此,答案为1—3 DBB。

◆ 改错

1.I love you, you love me.

2.Because you love me, so I love you.

3.Since I love you, so you love me, and I will marry you.【解析】英语句子有两个动词时需要加一个连词;三个动词则就必有两个连词。因此,答案为:1.在逗号后加and;2.去掉so;3.去掉so或since。二、复合句示意图

复合句示意图图3.1

总结:在主从复合句中,跟在连词后面的句子是从句,剩下的是主句。从句位于主句什么位置就是什么从句。

Exercises

◆ 判断下列复合句

1.This is where you were born.

2.Where you were born is unknown.

3.He told me where you were born.

4.We live where you were born.【解析】在主从复合句中,跟在连词后面的句子是从句,剩下的是主句。从句位于主句什么位置就是什么从句。因此,题1中的连词where 后的句子you were born是从句,那么this is 就是主句,再者where you were born 作this is 的表语成分。因此,为表语从句。以此类推,答案为:1.表语从句;2.主语从句;3.宾语从句;4.状语从句。三、主语从句的连词规则

1.从句完整而确定的用that。

2.从句完整而不确定的用whether。

3.从句不完整,缺主语、宾语、表语的用what。

4.从句不完整,缺状语的用when, where, why, how。

Exercises

◆ 单项选择

1.The Foreign Minister said that __________ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.

A.this is B.there is C.that is D.it is

2.Is __________ necessary to tell his father everything?

A.it B.that C.what D.he

3.__________ you don’t like him is none of my business.

A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether

4.__________ the 2016 Olympic Games will be held in this city is not known yet.

A.That B.If C.Whether D.Whenever

5.__________ you have done might do harm to other people.

A.That B.What C.Which D.This

6.It worried her a bit __________ her hair was turning grey.

A.which B.that C.if D.for【解析】题1和题2主语后置,因此用It作形式主语。题3到题5需根据主语从句连词法则判断:题3中的从句you don’t like him完整而确定用that;题4中的从句the 2016 Olympic Games will be held in this city完整但is not known表示语气不确定,用whether;题5中的从句you have done缺宾语,且done是及物动词,其后面必须加宾语,因此用what。题6中的It是形式主语代替后置主语从句her hair was turning grey而且从句完整而确定。因此,答案为:1—6 DACCBB。

◆ 阅读

The theory first put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century had beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab Polytechnique (伊科尔理工学院).

What is the main idea of the sentence?

A.Pierre de Format had beaten a French woman scientist.

B.The theory of Pierre de Format had beaten the French man scientist making a major advance in working out the problem.

C.The finest mathematical scientist had been beaten by the theory of the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century.【解析】总结一个句子的大意时,需要找它的主干,即主谓宾状或主系表。因为英语句子有且只有一个主句的谓语动词,其余的都是非谓语或从句的谓语动词。这里put forward和the theory是被动关系,而谓语的被动形式为be done;而非谓语的被动形式为done,所以put forward是非谓语,真正的谓语动词为had beaten,那么这个句子的主干即大意就是The theory had beaten the finest mathematical minds。因此,答案为C。

◆ 改错

1.Only in 13.95% families are men do the household chores.

2.They are make students tired.

3.I visited museums, learning computers and drew pictures.

4.He famous for his power slam dunk.

5.After graduated from the school, he was chosen by the Chicago Bulls.【解析】英语句子有且只有一个动词,另外的动词要么非谓语化,要么加连词。题1中有两个动词are和do,却没有连词,所以应去掉are;题2中也有两个动词,却没有连词,所以应去掉are;题3中的三个动词是先后发生的一系列动作,所以要用并列句的形式;题4缺谓语动词,因为英语句子不能没有动词,无动作时要用女人句子即主系表结构,所以该句要补充的一个系动词;题5 中的After作介词时后应该接动名词doing;after作连词时后面应该接从句,但graduated前面缺一个主语。因此,答案为:1.去掉are;2.去掉are;3.learning—learned;4.He—He was;5.graduated—graduating或After—After he。四、高考英语记叙文模版

I am a student named Li Hua.I am writing to talk about 主题.used to be (do).What’s more,.Furthermore,.While great changes have taken place,.Moreover,.Besides,.

In short, as far as I know, 总结in the following reason(s).First of all, 原因1.In addition, 原因2.Only in this way can we reach our goal and truly make a difference (can we realize our dreams).

I am looking forward to hearing from you.【解析】这些人体就是根据作文所给的汉语信息写出的一个个完整的英语句子,即汉语句子有动作时,英语用男人句子“主谓宾”;汉语句子无动作时,英语用女人句子“主系表”,见下文中的示范。然后把这些句子代入模板即可。

Exercises

◆ 写作1

假如你是李华。你的澳大利亚朋友Dick听说中国的中小学正在减轻学生的学习负担,来信询问有关情况。请你根据表3.1提供的信息,写一封回信,谈一谈减负给你的学习和生活带来的变化。【注意】1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.reduce learning load 减负。表3.1周末活动(减负前)周末活动(减负后)白天 :上课、做作白天 :参观博物馆、学习电脑、绘画等业晚上 :做作业晚上 :看新闻、读书、看报就寝时间 :23:30就寝时间: 23:00【解析】步骤1.周末、减负前、白天、上课、做作业;

步骤2.此信息有动作所以选男人句子,然后把所给的信息对号入座;图3.2

步骤3.注意此句的问题:1)没主语,2)两个动词,3)三个时间并列;

步骤4.此句可译为英语裸句:I have class and do homework on the day at weekend before reduce learning load;

步骤5.给裸句穿衣服:1)名词的单复数,2)动词的时态,3)多个动词非谓语化或加连词 4)英语句子为金字塔形状,从小到大排列;

步骤6.完成句子:I had classes and did homework on the day at weekends before reducing learning load.【参考范文】Dear Dick,

How nice to hear from you again.I will tell you something about reducing learning load.I used to have classes and do homework on the day at weekends before reducing learning load.What’s more, I did endless homework in the evening.Furthermore, I went to bed at 11:30.

But great changes have taken place after reducing learning load.I visit museums, learn computers, paint and so on.Moreover, I watch news, and read books and newspapers in the evening.Besides, I can go to bed earlier at 11 p.m.

In short, as far as I know, everyone likes the new way.Only in this way can we reach our goal and truly make a difference.

I am looking forward to hearing from you.

◆ 写作2(2010重庆)

假设你是李华,于2010年6月3日搭乘国外某航空公司航班(flight number BA793)回国,回家后发现遗失了一个行李箱(suitcase)。现请用英文给该航空公司写一封信,请他们帮你寻找。信件要点包括:

1.陈述写信原因 2.简要描述该行李 3.说明其重要性 4.期待回复并表示感谢【注意】1.词数100左右;2.信件格式已给出;3.请在答题卡上作答。【参考范文】Dear Sir/Madam,

I’m Li Hua.I took the flight BA793 on June 3, 2010.But when I came back to my home, I found I lost a suitcase.I am writing to ask you to help me find it back.What’s more, my suitcase is a small blue one with a zip.Moreover, there is a label on the handle with my name and address on it.In short, as far as I know, it is really important for me in the following reasons.First of all, I had put all my important documents in it, including my ID card, passport and so on.Besides, it is a present my father sent to me on my birthday.

Thanks for your kind consideration and I’m looking forward to receiving your earliest reply.Yours truly,Li Hua第四课谓语、表语

谓语说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语部分的主要词为动词。表语就是表明主语的性质、特征或内容的句子成分。一、动词(一)谓语动词

1.实义动词:有实际意义的动词,可单独作谓语。

e.g.(1)I do it.(2)I have a book.

2.助动词:帮助动词构成否定或各种不同的时态或语态的词,不可单独作谓语。

e.g.(1)I don’t do it.(2)I have done it.

3.情态动词:表示强烈的感情色彩的动词,但不可单独作谓语后接动词原形。

e.g.(1)He had better do it.(2)I must go now.(二)连系动词类

1.be动词:am, is, are…

2.半系动词:五种分类(1)变化类:turn, come, get, fall, grow, make, go, become

e.g.go bad/hungry/mad/wrong; come true(2)感官类:look, sound, feel, taste, smell(3)显得类:seem, appear, look

It looks as if (=as though)+句子/looks like+词组

It seems as if/that…

It appears that…(4)状态类:keep, stay, remain, lie, sit, stand(5)证明类:prove, turn out(三)半系动词特点

1.无被动语态,主动表被动

e.g.The soup tasting good is made by me.

2.后跟形容词作表语

e.g.(1)My dream comes true.(adj.)半系动词+形容词(表语)(2)He comes truly.(adv.)实义动词+副词(状语)【注意】be, become, turn, remain 可带名词作表语。(3)He remains a teacher.= He is still a teacher.(4)He became __________ teacher.

A.a B.the C.an D./(5)He turned __________ teacher.

A.a B.the C.an D./【解析】题3中teacher是单数可数名词,前面要加一个不定冠词。题4中turn 比较特殊,它后面的单数可数名词不加冠词。因此,答案为(4)A;(5)D。

3.无进行时

e.g.Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will __________ fresh for several days.(2003全国)

A.be stayed B.stay

C.be staying D.have been stayed【解析】此题中fresh为形容词,前面的stay只能是半系动词。半系动词的特征是无被动、无进行时。因此,答案为 B。(四)“变化类”半系动词的用法辨析

become强调变化过后的持续性;fall表示一下子进入一种状态,如fall asleep;come表示向好的方面转化;go往往表示情况变坏或恶化;turn表示某种状态向其对应状态转化的自然现象,其后接名词不加冠词;get强调造成事件的施动者发挥的作用或变化的结果。

Exercises

◆ 改错

1.He is proved (to be)honest/an honest person.

2.He feels pride.

3.His dream becomes true.【解析】半系动词无被动、无进行时,后面需跟形容词作表语。题1中的prove为半系动词不能用被动语态;题2中的半系动词feel后不能跟名词pride;题3中的半系动词become表示“延续性”,应改为comes。因此,答案为1.去掉is;2.pride—proud;3.becomes—comes。

◆ 单项选择

1.The weather will __________ hot for another two weeks.

A.last B.remain C.get D.turn

2.The hot weather will__________ another two days.

A.last B.remain C.get D.turn

3.The palace caught fire three times in the last century and little of the original building __________ now.

A.remains B.is remained

C.is remaining D.has been remained

4.Happy birthday, Alice! So you have __________ twenty-one already!

A.become B.turned

C.grown D.passed

5.On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, her face __________ pale.

A.got B.changed

C.went D.appeared【解析】题1中hot为形容词,因此前面的动词只能是半系动词,而且后面又有for two weeks所以只能用表示延续性的动词remain;题2的空格后面是名词词组two weeks,所以可以选实义动词last表示“持续”的意思;题3的空格处缺一个表示状态类的动词,且无被动和进行时,所以只能选remains。题4的空格处应该选表示自然规律现象变化的词turn;题5表示听到坏消息而变糟的变化,所以该选went。因此,答案为:1—5 BAABC。二、表 语(一)定义

表语就是跟在系动词后面,表明主语的性质、特征和内容的句子成分。系动词只起连系作用,虽有词义但不能单独作谓语,后面必须加表语一起构成谓语。【例】汉译英:

1.她们是护士。

They are nurses.

2.那牛奶闻起来有酸味。

That milk smells sour.

3.他许多年都是单身。

He stayed single for many years.

4.这个预言应验了。

The predication has come true.

5.看起来他们好像是多年的好朋友。

It looks as if they were good friends for many years.(二)表语从句的连词与主语从句的连词的规则一样

1.从句完整而确定的用that。

2.从句完整而不确定的用whether。

3.从句不完整,缺主语、宾语、表语用what。

4.从句不完整,缺状语用when, where, why, how。

Exercises

◆ 单项选择

1.Great changes have taken place in that school.It is no longer __________ it was 20 years ago.

A.what B.that

C.where D.which

2.Perseverance is a kind of quality and that’s __________ it takes to do anything well.

A.what B.that

C.which D.why

3.It looks __________ we shall have to do the work ourselves.

A.that B.likes

C.seeming D.as though

4.See the flags on top of the building? That was __________ we did this morning.(2006全国I)

A.when B.which

C.where D.what

5.One advantage of playing the guitar is __________ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.

A.how B.why

C.that D.when【解析】题1连词后it was 20 years ago是从句,而且跟在主句It is后面,所以是表语从句。根据上面讲的表语从句的连词规则,从句完整而确定用that。题2 it takes to do anything well也是表语从句,但take是及物动词后面缺宾语,所以用what。题3中有两个动词该用一个连词,所以排除B和C,再者looks是系动词后跟表语从句,前面讲过look后只能加连词as though或as if,所以选D。题4表语从句we did this morning中did是及物动词缺宾语所以选what。题5是表语从句完整而确定用that。因此,答案为:1—5 AADDC。

◆ 写作1

鼠标是计算机时代最佳的人机交互工具之一。它极大地方便了人们的计算机操作。但是,过分依赖鼠标的习惯也会带来一些不利影响。请你以鼠标为切入点,根据表4.1所提示的信息,用英语写一篇短文。表4.1【参考范文】

For many people, it’s almost impossible to operate a computer without a mouse, let alone surf the Internet.What’s more, a well-chosen mouse is really handy, flexible and convenient in controlling the screen.Furthermore, with the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.Besides, it can even bring us a flood of music, movies and PC games.While too much ready information on our fingertips leaves little room for knowledge pursuing.Too many ready answers make us less excited in finding truth.Relying too much on mouse clicking makes us lazier and less creative both mentally and physically.In short, as far as I know, every coin has two sides so we should use the mouse in a positive way.Only in this way, can we work and communicate with a computer more effectively.

◆ 写作2

假设你是李华,明年即将进入大学学习,但是不知怎样适应大学的生活。请你就以下大学新生常遇到的情况给大学校长写一封信,寻求建议。

1.在生活中不会照料自己

2.感到孤独、经常想家

3.钱物容易丢失

4.食物、气候不适应

5.校外租房现象【参考范文】Dear President,

Next year I will go to study at university, but I don’t know how to adapt myself to university life.I hear many freshmen are at a loss what to do when they are at university.What’s more, they can’t take care of themselves in their everyday life, feeling lonely and homesick.Furthermore, clothes, money or mobile phones are sometimes stolen.Besides, because of different climates and food,

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