中国研习.六年级(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)

作者：吴勇毅主编,刘弘副主编,杨婳译,Nicholas Thomas Zazzi审

出版社：华东师范大学出版社有限公司

格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT

中国研习.六年级试读：

编委会

主　　编 Editor-in-Chief

　　　　 吴勇毅 WU Yongyi

副 主 编 Associate Editor

　　　　 刘弘 LIU Hong

编　　委 Editorial Committee Members

　　　　 （按姓名拼音排列）（Arrange in alphabetical order）

　　　　 高怡 GAO Yi

　　　　 江凌 JIANG Ling

　　　　 李贞贞 LI Zhenzhen

　　　　 凌一云 LING Yiyun

　　　　 邵忆晨 SHAO Yichen

　　　　 吴顺俪 WU Shunli

　　　　 郑妮 ZHENG Ni

编写说明

全套教材共分成小学、初中和高中三个系列。小学系列共有6册，初中和高中系列各有3册。每册有12个单元，每个单元涉及一个主题，教师可以根据学校的课时安排每周或者若干周学习一个单元，也可以根据教学需要挑选其中某个单元来使用。

本套教材具有如下几个主要特点：

1.以主题方式编写教材

主题式教学是以内容为载体、以文本的内涵为主题所进行的一种教学活动。本套教材的主题尽量考虑到国际学校学生在学习、生活中可能会遇到的各种社会文化内容，并且有意识养成学生能对母国文化和中国文化进行比较和思考的习惯，以培养学生的国际情怀。

2.以探究式活动来组织教材内容编排，便于师生使用

中国研习作为一门跨学科探究性课程，兼顾学科内的知识和跨学科领域的知识。为此，本套教材在呈现方式上以探究、活动等多维度方式为主，而非传统的简单的内容灌输施教形式；强调在各种探究活动中帮助学生内化吸收相关的知识和能力，包括不同学科的知识；鼓励学生成为学习的主体，教师则在学生的学习中起到有效的引导作用。

3.教材所涉及的中国文化和社会的领域十分广泛

为适应国际学校有关中国社会及文化课程的需要，本套教材所涉及的内容不仅仅局限于狭义的中国文化范畴，而是扩展到中国艺术（包括音乐、戏剧、视觉艺术等），政治，经济，历史，地理，科学（包括数学、物理、化学等）等多方面，这与IB课程要跨学科、内容要涉及多种学科领域的理念是一致的。我们认为，中国文化教学不仅是中文教师的工作，其他学科的教师也完全可以参与其中，也唯有如此，才能真正使得文化通识在国际教育环境下扎根。这种跨学科的教学，也符合IB等国际教育中强调的“课程融合”理念。

4.提供具体的评价指标，便于教师对于学生的表现作出评价

为了适应活动探究的教学需要，本套教材鼓励教师以过程化的档案袋评价方式为主。教师通过对学生在不同阶段的学习过程和学习结果进行评估，及时对学生的学习表现作出反馈并提出改进意见，从而在教学过程中更好地激发学生的兴趣，调动学生的学习主动性，引导他们学习、理解、研究和探索，让学生成为主导自己的主人。

5.中英文对照编辑，适应多种需要

考虑到国际学校学生汉语水平和课程教学的多样性特点，本套教材采取中英文对照形式，这样既可以满足国际学校基于内容的汉语教学的需要，也可以供国际学校教授其他课程的教师参考或补充教学，还可以作为师生的课外活动手册。此外，教材中将重要文化知识和内容要点列出，也便于学生自学使用。

本套教材的研发团队来自华东师范大学等知名高校和多所国际学校，不仅包括拥有丰富教学经验和较高理论水平的高校专业教师，还吸收了一部分国际学校一线的教学和管理人员。其核心成员参加过国际汉语教学相关标准、大纲和教材的研发工作，对于各类国际学校常用标准、大纲和课程有过专门研究，在国内外发表过相关的研究成果，具有丰富的课程设计和教材编写经验。

希望通过学习和使用本套教材，能够使更多的国际学生认识中国、了解中国。2018年8月

Editor's Words

China Studies is a set of Chinese culture and social inquiry textbooks designed for foreign students of international schools in grades 1–12.Based on the IB syllabus, this set of textbooks has absorbed the teaching requirements of “certification standards of school for foreign children” developed by National Center for School Curriculum and Textbook Development Ministry of Education (NCCT).The textbooks adopt an exploration-based teaching method and provide a digital education platform, attempting to create a relaxing and enjoyable learning environment and to develop students' critical thinking skills.

This set of textbooks is divided into three series: elementary school, junior high school and senior high school.There are 6 volumes in the elementary school series and 3 volumes in the junior high school and senior high school series respectively.There are 12 units in each volume and every unit deals with a specific theme.Teachers can teach one unit for each week or several weeks according to class schedule, or select one of the units to use according to requirements.

This set of textbooks has the following main features:

1.Theme-related teaching method

Theme-related teaching method is based on the content and the connotation of each unit.This set of textbooks takes into account the various social cultural contents that international school students may encounter in their study and life, and intends to cultivate students' habit of comparing and thinking about their native culture and Chinese culture in order to cultivate their international feelings.

2.Exploratory activities to facilitate teachers' and students' use

China Studies is an interdisciplinary exploration course that intends to incorporate knowledge within the discipline and knowledge in interdisciplinary fields.To this end, this set of textbooks is based on exploration, activities and other multi-dimensional ways rather than simply cramming knowledge into students' heads.We emphasize on students' ability to absorb knowledge of different subjects through various exploration activities.We also encourage students to become the initiator of learning and teachers to play an effective guiding role in students' learning.

3.Covering a wide range of Chinese culture and society

In order to meet the needs of the international school curriculum on Chinese society and culture, the content of this set of textbooks is not limited to the narrow Chinese culture category but extended to Chinese art (including music, opera, visual arts, etc.), politics, economy, history, geography, science (including mathematics, physics, chemistry, etc.) and many other aspects—consistent with the concept that IB courses should be interdisciplinary and involve multiple subjects.We believe that Chinese culture teaching is not only the work for Chinese teachers, and teachers from other disciplines can also participate in Chinese culture teaching.Only in this way can cultural education take root in an international education environment.This interdisciplinary teaching is also in line with the “curricular integration” concept emphasized in international education such as IB.

4.Providing specific evaluation means for students' performance

In order to meet the needs of activity exploration, this set of textbooks encourages teachers to focus on process evaluation.Teachers evaluate students' learning process and results at different stages, and give timely feedback and suggestions to students' learning performance so as to evoke students' interest in study and guide them to further understand, research and explore Chinese culture.

5.Editing in both Chinese and English to meet various needs

Taking into consideration the diversity of Chinese language proficiency and curriculum teaching in international schools, this set of textbooks offers both English and corresponding Chinese translations.This can meet the needs of content-based Chinese language teaching in international schools, as well as the needs of international school teachers who teach other courses.It can also be used as a manual for extracurricular activities.In addition, important cultural knowledge and content points are listed in the textbook, which is also convenient for students to study by themselves.

The writers of this set of textbooks come from well-known universities such as ECNU and many international schools.They include professional teachers with rich teaching experience and high theoretical level, and also some front-line teaching and management personnel from international schools.Among them, the core members have participated in the development of relevant standards, syllabus and textbooks for international Chinese teaching and have conducted special research on these fields with relevant results published at home and abroad.

We hope that by studying and using this set of materials, more international students can get to know China and understand China better.August 2018

第一课 空气问题

1.学习目标

2.热身活动

说一说（1）什么是雾霾？为什么会出现雾霾？（2）你知道1952年伦敦烟雾事件吗？

3.阅读课文

雾霾是一种大气污染状态，是对大气中各种悬浮颗粒物含量超标的一种表述。PM2.5（直径小于等于2.5微米的颗粒物）被认为是造成雾霾天气的主要原因。雾霾，顾名思义是雾和霾。但是雾和霾的区别很大，主要在于霾发生时空气相对湿度不大，而雾中的相对湿度是饱和的。霾是由空气中的灰尘等颗粒物组成的，它能使大气浑浊、视野模糊并导致能见度降低。

与雾相比，霾对人的身体健康危害更大。由于霾中细小的颗粒物可以直接通过呼吸系统进入支气管甚至肺部，所以霾对人的呼吸系统影响最大。除了呼吸道疾病，霾还会导致脑血管疾病、鼻腔炎症等。同时，雾霾天空气流动得慢，有害细菌和病毒向周围扩散的速度也变慢，疾病传播的风险变大。雾霾的成因

雾霾天气通常是多种污染源混合作用形成的，但各地区的雾霾天气中，不同污染源的作用程度各有差异。雾霾的源头主要有以下几种：（1）汽车尾气。使用柴油的大型车排放尾气特别多，包括公交车以及大型运输卡车等。（2）北方冬季烧煤供暖所产生的废气。（3）工业生产排放的废气。（4）建筑工地和道路交通产生的扬尘。（5）可生长颗粒。空气中的湿度和温度适宜时，微生物会附着在颗粒物上，使得雾霾中的有毒物质生长增多。雾霾天的防护措施（1）减少外出。抵抗力弱的老人、儿童以及患有呼吸系统疾病的人群应尽量减少出门，或减少户外活动。外出时要戴口罩，防止污染物由鼻、口进入肺部。外出归来后，应立即清洗面部及裸露肌肤。（2）减少户外锻炼。雾霾天能见度低，空气中有大量有毒颗粒，应该尽量减少户外锻炼，避免慢性病发作或加重。（3）关闭门窗。雾霾天空气中的污染物难以消散，应关闭门窗，避免室外雾气进入室内污染室内空气，诱发急性呼吸道和心血管疾病。（4）注意饮食。要多饮水，饮食要清淡，少吃刺激性食物，多吃些豆腐、牛奶等食品，必要时要补充维生素D。（5）行车走路要倍加小心。中等和重度雾霾天气下，能见度较低，视线差，驾车、骑车和步行的人们都应小心，特别是通过交叉路口和无人看管的铁道口时，要减速慢行，遵守交通规则，避免发生交通事故。

4.重点词汇

雾霾　扩散　浑浊　模糊　颗粒物　污染　源头　废气　防护措施

5.实践活动

说一说（1）下图中的空气质量报告告诉我们什么？（2）空气质量指数的含义是什么？（3）雾霾是怎么形成的？雾霾天我们应该怎么做？如何减少雾霾？

做一做

和小伙伴合作制作“雾霾知识知多少”的展板，并在校园内向师生进行介绍。

演一演

小组合作，发挥想象力，以“雾霾”为主题演一个情景短剧。

6.自我评估

(1) Understand the causes of haze.

(2) Be able to read an air quality report.

(3) Know how to protect yourself from hazy weather.2.Warm-up

Speaking

(1) What is haze? Why is there haze?

(2) Do you know about the Great Smog of London in 1952?3.Reading textsHaze

Haze is an atmospheric pollutant.It is an expression of excessive levels of various suspended particulates in the atmosphere.PM2.5 (particles less than 2.5 microns in diameter) is considered to be the main cause of haze.It is different from fog in that the relative humidity of haze is minimal while the relative humidity in fog is saturated.Haze is composed of dust and other particles in the air, which can make the atmosphere cloudy, vision blurred, and leads to reduced visibility.

Compared to fog, haze is more harmful to human health.As the tiny particles in haze can enter the bronchi and even the lungs directly through the respiratory system, haze has the greatest impact on the human respiratory system.In addition to respiratory diseases, haze can also cause cerebrovascular disease, nasal inflammation, and so on.At the same time, the air flows slowly during smoggy weather, as harmful bacteria and viruses spread to the surroundings slowly too, thereby increasing the risk of disease transmission.Causes for Haze

Haze is a mixture of various sources of pollution.However, the influence of the pollution sources varies from region to region.The main sources of haze are as follows:

(1) Automobile exhaust.Large vehicles that use diesel fuel emit a lot of waste gas, such as buses, trucks, and so on.

(2) The waste gas produced by the heating of coal in the winter.

(3) Emissions from industrial production.

(4) Dust generated by construction sites and road traffic.

(5) Growth particles.When humidity and temperature are appropriate in the air, microbes attach to particulates, increasing the growth of toxic substances in the haze.Protective Measures for Hazy Weather

(1) Reduce outdoor activities.Children and people who suffer respiratory diseases should reduce outdoor activities.We should wear masks when we go out to prevent contaminants from entering our lungs through the nose and mouth.After returning home, we should wash our hands and faces immediately.

(2) Reduce outdoor exercise.During hazy days, visibility is low and there are lots of toxic particles in the air.Therefore, outdoor exercise should be minimized to avoid incidence or deterioration of chronic diseases.

(3) Doors and windows must be closed.Pollutants in the air struggle to dissipate in hazy days; therefore, doors and windows should be closed to prevent outdoor pollutants from entering rooms to induce acute respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.

(4) A healthy diet is recommended.Drink more water.Don't eat anything greasy or that may agitate the digestive system.Eat more tofu and drink more milk.When necessary, take vitamin D supplements.

(5) Drive or walk safely.In heavy smog, with low visibility, people must drive, ride, and walk with caution.Especially when passing through intersections and unattended railroad crossings, we have to slow down and observe traffic rules to avoid accidents.4.Keywords

haze　spread　turbid　blurred　particle　pollution　source　waste gas

protective measure5.Activities

Speaking

(1) What can you tell from the following air quality report?

(2) What does Air Quality Index mean?

(3) How is haze formed? How to protect ourselves in hazy weather? What should we do to reduce haze?

Practicing

Make a display board with your classmates on the topic of “haze” and present it to your teachers and schoolmates.

Acting

In groups, make full use of your imagination and perform a short play on the theme of “haze” .6.Self-assessment第二课 《弟子规》1.学习目标（1）了解《弟子规》的道德内涵。（2）能讲述课文中的《弟子规》小故事。2.热身活动

看一看

看一段有关《弟子规》的小故事视频，了解故事的主要内容。

读一读，想一想

读一段《弟子规》，思考我们为什么要学习《弟子规》。3.阅读课文《弟子规》简介《弟子规》原名《训蒙文》，为清朝康熙年间秀才李毓秀所作，记载了弟子在家、出外、待人、接物与学习上应该遵守的守则规范。后来经过清朝贾存仁修订改编，并改名为《弟子规》。全篇先为“总叙”，然后分为“入则孝”、“出则悌”、“谨”、“信”、“泛爱众”、“亲仁”、“余力学文”七个部分。“弟子”就是学生、子弟的意思，人人都为人子女，人人都为人弟子。“弟子”涉及所有的人，不是只指小孩，圣贤之人的学生都叫“弟子”。 “规”就是做人的道理，行为的规范；“规”的左边是“夫”，右边是“见”，意为大丈夫的见解。大丈夫的见解一定是遵循圣贤教诲，也就是人生的真理，来做事、来处事待人。父母教，须敬听

孟子小的时候，并不太珍惜学习的机会，有一天读书厌倦了，就跑出学堂去玩。后来孟子的母亲知道了，就在织布的时候，突然装作很生气的样子把织布的梭子折断，扔在地上。孟子很奇怪，就问母亲为什么生气。母亲说：“织布要一寸一寸地织，才能织成。但是如果把梭子折断了，不去织它，还能织成一匹布吗？你的学业也一样啊，你还没有学成就厌倦了，怎么能够成为有用的人呢？”孟子听了，明白了做学问的道理，从此努力学习，终于成为一代大师。有余力，则学文

三国时期，有一个人叫董遇。他从小生活贫苦，整天为了生活而奔波。但是，他只要一有空闲时间，就坐下来读书学习，所以知识很渊博，人们很佩服他。随着他的名声越来越大，附近的人纷纷前来问他是如何学习的。董遇告诉他们，学习要利用“三余”，也就是三种空余时间：冬天是一年之余，晚上是一天之余，雨天是平日之余。人们听了，恍然大悟：原来就是要通过一切可以利用的时间来读书学习，提高自己的水平。亲有疾，药先尝；昼夜侍，不离床

汉文帝刘恒是汉高祖的第三个儿子，因为仁孝而天下闻名。他照顾母亲从不懈怠，母亲生病躺在床上三年，他常常晚上不睡觉，在床前照看母亲。母亲吃的汤药，他都亲口尝过后才放心让母亲服用。4.重点词汇

圣贤　遵循　教诲　恍然大悟　闻名5.实践活动

说一说（1）中国的孩子为什么要学习《弟子规》？你的国家有类似《弟子规》的书吗？（2）你平时是如何利用空余时间的？你觉得自己很好地利用了空余时间吗？（3）你还知道哪些关于孝顺父母的故事？

查一查，说一说

上网查一查《弟子规》中的其他小故事，挑选一个告诉你的朋友。

写一写

给你的爸爸妈妈写一封感谢信。

演一演

分角色表演“父母教，须敬听”的故事，可以适当发挥想象进行拓展。6.自我评估Lesson Two　Disciple Regulations1.Learning objectives

(1) Learn the moral connotations of Disciple Regulations.

(2) Be able to retell stories from the text of Disciple Regulations.2.Warm-up

Watching

Watch a video of a story from Disciple Regulations and get its main idea.

Reading and Thinking

Read a paragraph of Disciple Regulations and think why we should learn it.3.Reading textsIntroduction to Disciple Regulations

The original name of Disciple Regulations is Xun Meng Wen, written by Li Yuxiu, a xiucai under the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing dynasty.It describes the codes that students by which should abide, whether at home, at school, or in daily interactions; it also presents the disciplines they should obey.Then, Jia Cunren amended the document and changed its name to Disciple Regulations.It includes a General Preface and seven parts, namely, “to be filial to parents” , “to be obedient to brothers” , “to be careful” , “to be trustworthy” , “pan-loving public” , “to be close to those who are humane” , and “to study the classics” .“Dizi” (disciples) means both “students” and “sons” in Chinese.Everyone is someone's child and everyone is someone's student, so everyone is “dizi” .It means not only “children” , but also the students of sages in particular.“Gui” (regulations) refers to the principles and norms of human behavior.The Chinese character “规” is an ideogrammic compound, consisting of two parts: “夫” (man/male) on the left and“见”（sight）on the right.So “规” has the meaning of “a real man's sight” and it must follow the teachings of the sages, which is also the truth of life.One Should Be Obedient to Parents

When Mencius was a little boy, he didn't cherish his opportunities to study.One day, he was tired of reading, and ran out of his school to play.After his mother heard the news, she overturned the shuttles of her looms.Surprised at this, Mencius asked his mother why she became so angry.Mother explained to him,“It takes bits by bits to weave the thread into cloth, but we break the shuttles off, how can we make it into a full bolt of cloth? You quit your study halfway, how can you become a useful person in the future?”Mencius understood the approach to study and he worked so hard that later he became a great master.One Should Spend His Spare Time Studying the Classics

During the Three Kingdom period, a man named Dong Yu was so poor that he needed do a lot of chores to make a living.When he had free time he would engross himself in studying.Later he was admired by people for his profound knowledge.Many people came to ask him for advice on learning.Dong Yu told them to make full use of three kinds of spare time, which referred to winter (the spare time for the whole year), night (the spare time for the day), and rainy days (the spare time for the sunny days).People were enlightened by his words.All spare time must be used for studying and only in this way can people make great progress in their learning.Carefully Attending to a Sick Parent

Liu Heng, Emperor Wen of Han, was the third son of Gaozu of Han, who was known for his humanity and filial piety.His mother had been sick in bed for three years, and he spent many sleepless nights taking care of her.He tasted mother's herbal medicine to make sure it was not too hot for her, then he would feed mother the herbal tea.4.Keywords

Sage　follow　teachings　be enlightened suddenly　famous5.Activities

Speaking

(1) Why do children in China learn Disciple Regulations? Does your country have any similar books as Disciple Regulations?

(2) How do you use your spare time? Do you think you have made good use of it?

(3) Do you know any other stories about filial piety to parents?

Searching and Speaking

Surf the Internet about other stories from Disciple Regulations and tell one of them to your friends.

Writing

Write a gratitude letter to your parents.

Acting

Role play the story “One Should Be Obedient to Parents” by using your own imagination.6.Self-assessment第三课 中国首都北京1.学习目标（1）了解北京的概况。（2）了解北京的旅游景点。（3）了解北京的特色小吃。2.热身活动

听一听

听歌曲《北京欢迎你》，了解歌词大意。

说一说

2008年的奥运会是在哪里举办的？你去过那儿吗？3.阅读课文北京概况

北京简称“京”，是中国的首都，全国的政治、文化中心和国际交往的枢纽，也是一座著名的历史文化名城，与西安、洛阳、开封、南京、杭州并列为中国六大古都。北京有7,309项文物古迹、7项世界遗产，是世界上拥有世界文化遗产数最多的城市。北京为暖温带半湿润大陆性季风气候，夏季炎热多雨，冬季寒冷干燥，春、秋季比较短，年平均气温10 —12摄氏度。京剧、胡同、四合院、景泰蓝等都是北京文化的代表。北京的旅游景点

北京具有丰富的旅游资源，对外开放的旅游景点达200多处，有世界上最大的皇宫紫禁城、祭天神庙天坛、皇家园林颐和园、明十三陵、京杭大运河、长城以及世界上最大的四合院恭王府等名胜古迹。其中最著名的旅游景点就是故宫和长城了。

北京故宫，全名北京故宫博物院，旧称为“紫禁城”，位于北京中轴线的中心，是中国明、清两代24位皇帝的皇家宫殿，也是世界上现存规模最大、保存最为完整的木质结构古建筑之一。它有大小宫殿七十多座，房屋九千余间，以太和、中和、保和三大殿为中心。

长城，又称“万里长城”，是中国古代军事防御工程。长城修筑的历史可追溯到西周时期，著名的典故“烽火戏诸侯”就源于此。春秋战国时期列国争霸，互相防守，长城修筑进入第一个高潮，但此时修筑的长度都比较短。秦灭六国统一天下后，秦始皇连接和修缮战国长城，才有“万里长城”之称。明朝是最后一个大修长城的朝代，今天人们所看到的长城多数是在那个时期修筑的。北京小吃

北京是世界第八大“美食之城”，居内地之首。北京的风味小吃历史悠久、品种繁多、用料讲究、制作精细，如烤鸭、全鱼宴、涮羊肉、门钉肉饼、褡裢火烧、灌肠、豌豆黄、驴打滚、炒肝儿等。

烤鸭由中国汉族人研制于明朝，在当时是宫廷食品。用料为优质肉食鸭北京鸭，果木炭火烤制，色泽红润，肉质肥而不腻，外脆里嫩。北京烤鸭分为两大流派，而北京最著名的烤鸭店也是两派的代表（全聚德的挂炉烤鸭和便宜坊的闷炉烤鸭）。北京烤鸭以其色泽红艳、肉质细嫩、味道醇厚、肥而不腻的特色，被誉为“天下美味”。

驴打滚是老北京的传统小吃之一，成品黄、白、红三色分明，非常好看。因其最后制作工序中撒上的黄豆面，犹如老北京郊外野驴撒欢打滚时扬起的阵阵黄土，因此而得名“驴打滚”。做好的“驴打滚”外层粘满豆面，呈金黄色，豆香馅甜，入口绵软，别具风味，是老少皆宜的传统风味小吃。

门钉肉饼也是北京的一种传统小吃。因为形状像古时候城门上的门钉而得名。而且门钉肉饼有吉祥的含义。门钉肉饼是用牛油做的，油水大，而牛油容易凝固，所以最好趁热吃，这样口感才好。但是趁热吃，却不能一口咬下去，这样容易烫着嘴，并且溅一身油。另外，吃的时候最好蘸点醋，这样才不油腻。4.重点词汇

首都　枢纽　名胜古迹　老少皆宜5.实践活动

说一说（1）你吃过北京小吃吗？你最喜欢哪一种？制作小画报介绍一下它。（2）如果你的朋友要来北京玩，你能为他/她做一个详细的介绍吗？（包括概况、景点、美食等）

查一查

上网查一查北京的其他小吃的概况。

画一画

假如你是一位导游，请为你的旅客设计一条北京旅游路线并画出来。6.自我评估Lesson Three　Beijing, The Capital of China1.Learning objectives

(1) Learn some basic knowledge of Beijing.

(2) Discover the tourist attractions of Beijing.

(3) Explore some local delicacies in Beijing.2.Warm-up

Listening

Listen to the song Welcome to Beijing and get its main idea.

Speaking

Which city hosted the 2008 Olympic Games? Have you ever been there?3.Reading textsOverview of Beijing

Beijing (also called “Jing” for short), the capital of China, is the political and cultural center of the country, and the hub of international exchanges.It is also a famous historical and cultural city, listed as one of the six ancient capitals of China along with Xi'an, Luoyang, Kaifeng, Nanjing, and Hangzhou.Beijing has 7,309 cultural relics and historic sites.It has 7 world heritage sites, the most of any city in the world.Located in the temperate zone with semi-humid continental monsoon climate，it is hot and rainy in summer, cold and dry in winter, and has relatively short spring and autumn seasons.The annual average temperature is 10 to 12 degrees Celsius.Beijing opera, hutongs, courtyard houses, cloisonné, etc.are representatives of Beijing culture.Scenic Spots of Beijing

Beijing has more than 200 tourist attractions.It has the world's largest palace, the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, the Royal Summer Palace, Ming Dynasty Tombs, Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, and the Great Wall, as well as the world's largest courtyard, the Prince Gong House.The most famous tourist attractions are the Forbidden City and the Great Wall.

Beijing Forbidden City, whose full name is Beijing's National Palace Museum, is formerly called the Forbidden City.It is located in the center of the central axis of Beijing and it is the royal palace of the 24 emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties in China.In addition, it is also one of the largest and most well-preserved ancient wood structures in the world.With more than 70 palaces and more than 9,000 rooms, it centers on the three major halls of the Taihe Palace, the Zhonghe Palace and the Baohe Palace.

The Great Wall, also known as Wan Li Chang Cheng, is an ancient military defense project.The history of the construction of the Great Wall can be traced back to the Western Zhou dynasty, from which the famous allusion of the flames of drama originated.During the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, as the nations competed for each other and defended each other, the construction of the Great Wall entered the first climax, but the construction length was relatively short at this time.After Qin united the six states into a whole country, the First Emperor of Qin connected and repaired the Great Wall of Warring States, which was later known as the Great Wall of China.The Ming dynasty was the last dynasty to build the Great Wall on a large scale.Today, the Great Wall most people see was mostly built during that period.Beijing Snacks

Beijing is the world's eighth largest “City of Food” , ranking first in

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