作者：张强华
出版社：机械工业出版社
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
计算机专业英语 第2版试读：
前言
IT领域的一个主要特征就是发展极快，新技术层出不穷、软件频频升级、设备不断更新。要跟上其发展步伐，需要不断地学习。这往往有赖于从业人员的英语能力。英语水平关乎从业人员的核心竞争能力。因此，专业人士都在竭尽全力提高自己的专业英语水平，打造强劲的工作能力。各个大学也都把专业英语作为必修课，以提高学生跨越行业门槛的竞争能力。
本书第1版出版以来，深受广大读者的喜爱，得到许多教师的认可与推荐，被多所院校选为教材。在此，对读者朋友表示衷心的感谢！
为了进一步提升本教材的质量，紧跟行业发展和技术进步，我们进行了修订与完善。本次修订的主要工作是：删除了一些过时知识，增加了诸如云计算、大数据等最新技术，紧跟技术的发展与进步。
本书就是面向职场、贴近行业、强化能力的一本新教材。其特色如下：
1.贴近行业选择素材，面向职场强化能力
依据当前IT行业的最新发展，我们精心选取了本书素材。课文既包括了行业的基础知识和基本概念，也包括了常用软件及常用设备，同时注意了最新的发展及未来的动向。
另外，根据IT行业当前特别注重能力的特点，特别增加了“技能训练”。其中包括诸如“如何写求职信”“如何写简历”及“面试技巧”等内容，这使得本书具有“直通职场”的特征。
2.有效进行听力训练，告别“无声”教材时代
在当前IT行业的工作场合，人们越来越多地需要沟通。例如，听外国专家的技术报告、与国外合作伙伴进行技术交流等都需要听说能力。甚至面试时就需要听说交流。现在绝大多数教材无视职场的这一要求，不提供听力训练。而本书精心设计了听力内容，并配备了听力光盘，培养读者职场运用英语的能力。
3.突出教材特征，易学易教易用
本书体例以单元为单位，每一单元由以下几部分组成：课文——选材得当、软硬件并重；单词——给出课文中出现的新词，读者由此可以积累计算机专业的基本词汇；词组——给出课文中的常用词组；缩略语——给出课文中出现的、业内人士必须掌握的缩略语；难句讲解——讲解课文中出现的疑难句子，培养读者的阅读理解能力；习题——既有针对课文的练习，也有针对行业考试的练习；构词法——既可以帮助读者记忆单词，也可以帮助读者“破解”新出现的词汇；阅读材料——进一步扩大读者的视野；参考译文——供读者对照学习；参考答案——可供读者检查学习效果；参考试卷（含答案）——供读者自我测试。
4.针对相关考试，解析讲解训练
本书既考虑了教学需要，也兼顾了计算机行业的一些考试（如软件水平考试），精选了历年的典型试题，通过解析、讲解，使读者掌握应试要领。同时，提供了有代表性的真题以供练习，做到了以例题点拨思路，以习题训练热身。
5.浓缩多年经验，提供后续支持
本书作者已经出版了8部计算机英语教材，有十余年相关经验。我们熟悉学生情况，熟知学生毕业后的就业环境。
本书配有电子教案，需要的教师可登录www.cmpedu.com免费注册，审核通过后下载，或联系编辑索取（QQ：2966938356，电话：010－88379739）。
本书由张强华、成小凤、司爱侠、张千帆和解煜晨共同编写。
由于编者水平有限，书中难免存在疏漏之处，敬请读者批评指正。编者Unit 1Text Basic Computer Hardware Components
1.Keyboard
The keyboard is easy.We all know what a keyboard is，right？It’s the thing that looks like part of a typewriter.Oh，maybe you’ve never seen a typewriter？OK，it looks like a cellular phone，except it’s bigger and has more buttons.Seriously，the key-board is the part with the letters and numbers，where you put your hands and type.On most traditional computers，it is a sep-arate device，connected by a cord，but it may be attached to or built into one of the other parts，particularly in a laptop comput-er.
2.Monitor
The monitor is the part that looks a lot like a TV set.You look at it and see pictures and words.When you type things on the keyboard，the letters and numbers show up on the monitor，or at least you hope they will.The monitor is also called the Display Monitor，or just the Display，or sometimes the Video Display，or maybe just the Screen.The important thing to know about the monitor is that it is not really thecomputer，it’s just the part that makes pictures for you to see.It is pretty common for technical support people to find out，after about half an hour on the phone，that the ordinary human being is turning the monitor on and off instead of the computer，and that’s why none of their instructions have had any effect.1 Don’t let that happen to you.
3.Computer or CPU Box
The CPU Box is the part that，well，looks like a box.CPU Box is not really a good name for it，but it will have to do until somebody comes up with a name everybody can agree on.CPU stands for Central Processing Unit，and technical people refer to the box part as the CPU Box because that’swhere the CPU is，and that’s where the real work gets done.Because that’s where the computingis really done，the CPU component alone can be called the computer.You might hear people say，“not the screen，but the actual computer”when referring to the CPU Box.Some people refer to it as the hard drive，since the hard drive is in there too，but that is confusing.2The hard drive is inside the CPU Box all right，but you’will drive technical people bonkers if you call the box a hard drive，because they just don’t think that way.3 Of course it’s not logical to say that CPU is an OK name but hard drive isn’t，but remember that technical people aren’t normal and humorthem.A box is a box，but not if it’s a CPU Box.
CPU Boxes come in two special types，called Desktop and Tower.The Desktop kind is designed to lie down flat，even though you can stand it on its side if you want to.In a desktop CPU Box，you will normally find that the openings for the CD and Floppy disk drives are horizontal when the CPU Box is lying down flat.A lot of people don’t keep their CPU Box lying flat on top of their desk any more，but the name has persisted.A Tower CPU Box is designed to stand up tall，so it will be easier to knock it over.Well，no，it’s really supposed to stand under your desk and not take up too much floor space.In a Tower CPU Box，you will usually find that the openings for the CD and Floppy disk drives are horizontal when the CPU Box is standing up on what you might think was its side.Another clue is the writing on the box.Usually，the computer manufacturers will put the brand name and may-be the model number somewhere on the outside，usually on the part they think of as the front，and the words will be right side up when the CPU Box is standing or lying the way they had in mind when they designed it.4This seems pretty complicated，and you’re probably wondering why anybody cares.Un-fortunately，sometimes it does matter.The parts inside the CPU Box are often different，depending on whether it was designed as a Desktop or a Tower.If you can identify which kind it is when you need help，a technical person may be able to resolve your problem more easily.
4.Mouse
The mouse is an accessory.It’s almost impossible to use a modern computer without one.Besidesthat，a good mouse can cost almost as much asa good keyboard.In some ways，the mouse is almost as complicated as the keyboard，too.Calling the mouse an accessory is just one of those goofy things technical people do，and it’s best not to dis-turb their delicate sensibilities.
5.External Drives
Another kind of accessory is an external drive.This is becoming more rare，as the computer manufacturers are building specialized drives，such as CD drives，into the computer’s CPU Box and you don’t have to attach them with lots of wires and extra plugs.
6.External Modem
Unless you have a really old computer，the modem is almost certain to be built in，inside the CPU Box，although technical people persist in thinking of it as an accessory.5 However，in the old days，modems really were exotic accessories that had to be attached through lots of wires and plugs.
7.Printer
Printers are still accessories，for now at least.They perform a process，transferring informationonto paper，which is truly external to the other functions of the comput-er.On a home computer，the printer is usually wired directly to the computer，but it is common to find printers in businesses where the printer is off away from the computer and performing printing operations for several computers，rather than just one.New WordsPhrases
build into 使……成为组成部分
show up 露出，露面
find out 找出，发现，认识到，想出
instead of 代替，而不是……
come up with 赶上，提出，拿出
agree on… 对……达成协议，对……取得一致意见
stand for 代表，代替，象征，支持
refer to 提到，谈到，打听
refer to…as 称……为
hard drive 硬盘，硬盘驱动器
lie down 躺下
floppy disk 软盘
stand up 竖立，站起来
depend on 依靠，依赖
as much as 差不多
home computer 家用计算机
away from 远离Abbreviations
CPU（Central Processing Unit） 中央处理器
CD（Compact Disc） 光盘
modem（modulator-demodulator） 调制解调器Notes
［1］It is pretty common for technical support people to find out，after about half an hour on the phone，that the ordinary human being is turning the monitor on and off instead of the computer，and that’s why none of their instructions have had any effect.
本句中，It是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to find out，after about half an hour on the phone做时间状语，that the ordinary human being is turning the monitor on and off instead of the computer是一个宾语从句，做不定式短语to find out的宾语。why none of their instructions have had any effect是一个表语从句，与is一起构成系表结构，做that的谓语。
［2］Some people refer to it as the hard drive，since the hard drive is in there too，but that is confusing.
本句中，refer to…as的意思是“把……称为”；since the hard drive is in there too是一个原因状语从句；it指前面提到的CPU Box，that指Some people refer to it as the hard drive。
［3］The hard drive is inside the CPU Box all right，but you will drive technical people bonkers if you call the box a hard drive，because they just don’t think that way.
本句中，if you call the box a hard drive是一个条件状语从句，because they just don’t think that way是一个原因状语从句，它们都修饰谓语will drive technical people bonkers。
all right的意思是“确实”；drive sb.＋adj.的意思是“使某人……”，如：
The news that his favorite team lost the game drove him mad.
［4］Usually，the computer manufacturer will put the brand name and maybe the model number somewhere on the outside，usually on the part they think of as the front，and the words will be right side up when the CPU Box is standing or lying the way they had in mind when they designed it.
本句中，they think of as the front是一个定语从句，修饰和限定the part，在该从句中，think of…as的意思是“认为……是”，如：
We all think of this company as the biggest one in this field in the world.
when the CPU Box is standing or lying the way they had in mind when they designed it是一个条件状语从句，the way they had in mind是一个方式状语，they had in mind是一个定语从句，修饰和限定the way，when they designed it是一个时间状语从句。
［5］Unless you have a really old computer，the modem is almost certain to be built in，inside the CPU Box，although technical people persist in thinking of it as an accessory.
本句中，Unless you have a really old computer是一个条件状语从句，unless的意思是“除非”，等于“if…not”，如：
I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy.如果我不太忙，明天将到那儿去。
本句中，although technical people persist in thinking of it as an accessory是一个让步状语从句。
注意：在although引导的让步状语从句中，在主句中不能再用连接词but，但可用副词yet，nevertheless等。另外，在多数情形下，可与though通用。如：
Although it was so cold，he went out without an overcoat.天气虽然很冷，但他没有穿大衣就出去了。Reading The Computer of the Future
Experts predict a completely wireless world in which computers are worn by the user，electricity gives way to solar and windpower，and improvements in se-curity enable seamless links between all personal devices.
Hobbyists of the 1980s who became the early adopters of the bulky and underpowered boxes called personal computers had almost no clue how rapidly computer technology would develop.Given the rate of growth in computer power and miniaturization in the last quarter century，it is almost mind-boggling to think about what lies around the corner.
Remember the Jetsons，the popular futuristic cartoon family？Well，most computer visionaries see the fanciful Jetson home created by TV writers in the 1960s becoming a reality.“Imagine allsorts of appliances that know when to turn themselves on and off，toasters that respond to a spoken command or phones that automatically search electronic Yellow Pages for a pizza parlor and then place your order，”said Gerald Flournoy，vice president of I.T.solutions for the Millennium Group.
It might be hard to imagine being tethered to computers any more closely than we are today with smartphones，wireless PDAs，and tablet PCs.But Flournoy，along with other experts，sees the next major shift in computers as ushering in an era of even more portability and power.
1.Wireless Computing
James Lansford，CTO of semiconductor maker Alereon，is gearing up for a new generation of computers that will use wireless Ultra Wideband（UWB）technology to replace all of the cables that connect computer peripherals to the main PC.Think of this development as wireless USB.
“All wires will go away，”Lansford said.“UWB will work like a personal area network with high data delivery at a low power.”
He said the development will allow consumers to use computer peripherals the same way that Bluetooth technology operates with cell phones and laptop computers.Lansford likened the consumer benefit of UWB to that of Bluetooth on steroids，with the connection rate 500 times faster.
People will walk into a room with a UWB-enabled digital camera，
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