作者：Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
出版社：Delphi Classics
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
Delphi Complete Works of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (Illustrated)试读：
HENRY HOWARD, EARL OF SURREY(1516/1517-1547)ContentsThe Poetry of SurreyBRIEF INTRODUCTION: HENRY HOWARD, EARL OF SURREYThe PoemsLIST OF POEMS IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDERLIST OF POEMS IN ALPHABETICAL ORDERThe BiographyHENRY HOWARD by Sidney Lee© Delphi Classics 2013Version 1 HENRY HOWARD, EARL OF SURREYBy Delphi Classics, 2013NOTEWhen reading poetry on an eReader, it is advisable to use a small font size, which will allow the lines of poetry to display correctly.The Poetry of SurreyHenry Howard, Earl of Surrey was reared at Windsor Castle with Henry VIII’s illegitimate son Henry FitzRoy and they became close friends.The Curfew Tower of Windsor Castle, built under Henry III and so would have been familiar to the young SurreyA plan of Windsor in the Renaissance periodBRIEF INTRODUCTION: HENRY HOWARD, EARL OF SURREYOne of the most influential poets of the Renaissance, Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, along with Sir Thomas Wyatt, introduced into England the poetic styles and metres of the Italian humanist poets, laying the foundations of a great age of English poetry, which would later witness the crowning achievements of Shakespeare, Spenser and Milton.Surrey was the eldest son of Lord Thomas Howard, receiving the courtesy title of Earl of Surrey in 1524 when his father succeeded as 3rd Duke of Norfolk. Due to his birth and connections, Surrey’s fate was to be often involved in the squabbling and dangerous machinations that plagued life in Henry VIII’s court. From 1530 until 1532, Surrey lived at Windsor with his father’s ward, Henry Fitzroy, Duke of Richmond, who was the illegitimate son of the King and his teenage mistress Elizabeth Blount. In 1532, after talk of marriage with the princess Mary, daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, Surrey married Lady Frances de Vere, the 14-year-old daughter of the Earl of Oxford, but they did not live together until 1535. She later bore him two children.Surrey was first imprisoned at Windsor from 1537 to 1539 after being charged by the Seymours, who were then high in favour due to the King’s current marriage to Jane Seymour. They accused the poet of having secretly favoured the Roman Catholics in the rebellion of 1536, though he had in fact joined his father against the insurgents. In 1540 it is recorded that Surrey was a champion in court jousts and his prospects were further improved by the marriage of his cousin Catherine Howard to the King. He also served in the campaign in Scotland in 1542 and in France and Flanders from 1543 to 1546, before then acting as field marshal in 1545, though he was reprimanded for putting himself unnecessarily into danger.On returning to England in 1546, Surrey found the king dying and his old enemies the Seymours furious with his interference in the projected alliance between his sister Mary and Sir Thomas Seymour, Jane’s brother. Unfortunately, Surrey made matters worse by his assertion that the Howards were the obvious regents for Prince Edward, Henry VIII’s son by Jane Seymour. Greatly concerned, the Seymours swiftly accused Surrey and his father of treason and called his sister, the Duchess of Richmond, to witness against him and she made the fatal admission that he was still a close adherent of the Roman Catholic faith. Since Surrey’s father, the Duke of Norfolk, had been considered heir apparent if the King had had no issue, the Seymours urged that the Howards were planning to set Prince Edward aside and usurp the throne. In vain Surrey defended himself and, at the age of thirty, he was executed on Tower Hill, while his father was only saved as the king had died before he could be executed.The majority of Surrey’s surviving poetry was most likely written during his imprisonment at Windsor. Nearly all of the verses were first published in 1557, ten years after his death. Surrey highly revered the poetry of Wyatt, emulating him in the use of Italian forms in English verse, as well as translating a number of Petrarch’s sonnets. Unlike much of the English poetry of his time, Surrey’s works achieved a greater smoothness and firmness of expression, which qualities were to be important factors in the development of the English sonnet, inspiring Shakespeare to use the same form over fifty years later.Surrey’s short poems concern typical early Tudor themes of love, religion, death, life in London and the joys of youth. Of particular note is Surrey’s translation of Books II and IV of Virgil’s Aeneid, which were published in 1557 as Certain Bokes of Virgiles Aenaeis, the first ever recorded use of blank verse in English literature.Due to their revolutionary translations of Petrarch’s sonnets and the adoption of Italian poetic conventions, Surrey and his friend Sir Thomas Wyatt were the first English poets to promote the truly individual and respected identity of an English poet. Through his experimental use of rhyming metre and the division of stanzas into quatrains, Surrey helped shape for the first time a unique English form of poetry, paving the way for the imminent wonders of a golden era of Elizabethan literature.Surrey’s father, the Duke of Norfolk, painted by Hans Holbein. Thomas Howard (1473–1554) was a prominent Tudor politician. He was uncle to Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, two of the wives of King Henry VIII, and played a major role in the machinations behind these marriages. A descendant of King Edward I, The Duke was also the great uncle of Queen Elizabeth I.Surrey’s boyhood friend, Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset (1519–1536), was the son of King Henry VIII of England and Elizabeth Blount. FitzRoy was the only illegitimate offspring that Henry acknowledged.The poet’s wife, Frances Howard, by Hans Holbein the Younger, c. 1535CONTENTSSongs and SonnetsDescription of the restless State of a Lover, with Suit to his Lady, to rue on his dying HeartDescription of Spring, wherein every thing renews, save only the LoverDescription of the restless State of a LoverDescription of the fickle Affections, Pangs, and Slights of LoveComplaint of a Lover that defied Love, and was by Love after the more tormentedComplaint of a Lover rebukedComplaint of the Lover disdainedDescription and Praise of his Love GeraldineThe Frailty and Hurtfulness of BeautyA Complaint by Night of the Lover not belovedHow each thing, save the Lover in Spring, reviveth to PleasureA Vow to love faithfully, howsoever he be rewardedComplaint that his Lady, after she knew his Love, kept her Face always hidden from himRequest to his Love to join Bounty with BeautyPrisoned in Windsor, he recounteth his Pleasure there passedThe Lover comforteth himself with the Worthiness of his LoveComplaint of the Absence of her Lover being upon the SeaComplaint of a dying Lover refused upon his Lady’s unjust mistaking of his WritingComplaint of the Absence of her Lover, being upon the SeaA Praise of his Love, wherein he reproveth them that compare their Ladies with hisTo his MistressTo the Lady that scorned her LoverA Warning to the Lover, how he is abused by his LoveThe forsaken Lover describeth and forsaketh LoveThe Lover describeth his restless StateThe Lover excuseth himself of suspected ChangeA careless Man scorning and describing the subtle Usage of Women toward their LoversAn Answer in the behalf of a Woman. Of an uncertain AuthorThe constant Lover lamentethA Song written by the Earl of Surrey of a Lady that refused to dance with himThe faithful Lover declareth his Pains and his uncertain Joys, and with only Hope recomforteth somewhat his woful HeartThe Means to attain happy LifePraise of mean and constant EstatePraise of certain Psalms of David. Translated by Sir Thomas Wyatt the elderOf the Death of Sir Thomas WyattOf the SameOf the SameAn Epitaph on Clere, Surrey’s faithful Friend and FollowerOn Sardanapalus’s dishonourable Life and miserable DeathHow no Age is content with his own Estate, and how the Age of Children is the happiest if they had Skill to understand itBonum est mihi quod humiliasti meExhortation to learn by others’ TroubleThe Fancy of a wearier LoverA Satire against the Citizens of LondonA description of the restless State of the Lover when absent from the Mistress of his HeartEcclesiastesChapter IChapter IIChapter IIIChapter IVChapter VA Paraphrase of Some of the Psalms of DavidProemPsalm LXXXVIIIPsalm LXXIIIThough, Lord, to IsraelPsalm LVPsalm VIIIThe Second Book of Virgil’s ÆneidThe Fourth Book of Virgil’s ÆneidOther VersesPrimus. My fearful hope from me is fledSecundus. Your fearful hope cannot prevail Surrey, aged 29, 1546Songs and SonnetsList of poems in chronological orderList of poems in alphabetical orderDescription of the restless State of a Lover, with Suit to his Lady, to rue on his dying HeartTHE SUN hath twice brought forth his tender green,Twice clad the earth in lively lustiness;Once have the winds the trees despoiled clean,And once again begins their cruelness; 5Since I have hid under ray breast the harmThat never shall recover healthfulness.The winter’s hurt recovers with the warm;The parched green restored is with shade;What warmth, alas! may serve for to disarm 10The frozen heart, that mine in flame hath made?What cold again is able to restoreMy fresh green years, that wither thus and fade?Alas! I see nothing hath hurt so soreBut Time, in time, reduceth a return: 15In time my harm increaseth more and more,And seems to have my cure always in scorn.Strange kinds of death in life that I do try!At hand, to melt; far off in flame to burn.And like as time list to my cure apply, 20So doth each place my comfort clean refuse.All thing alive, that seeth the heavens with eye,With cloak of night, may cover, and excuseIt self from travail of the day’s unrest.Save I, alas! against all others use, 25That then stir up the torments of my breast;And curse each star as causer of my fate.And when the sun hath eke the dark opprest,And brought the day, it doth nothing abateThe travails of mine endless smart and pain. 30For then, as one that hath the light in hate,I wish for night, more covertly to plain;And me withdraw from every haunted place,Lest by my chere my chance appear too plain.And in my mind I measure pace by pace, 35To seek the place where I myself had lost,That day that I was tangled in the lace,In seeming slack, that knitteth ever most.But never yet the travail of my thought,Of better state, could catch a cause to boast. 40For if I found, some time that I have sought,Those stars by whom I trusted of the port,My sails do fall, and I advance right nought;As anchor’d fast my spirits do all resortTo stand agazed, and sink in more and more 45The deadly harm which she doth take in sport.Lo! if I seek, how I do find my sore!And if I flee, I carry with me stillThe venom’d shaft, which doth his force restoreBy haste of flight; and I may plain my till 50Unto myself, unless this careful songPrint in your heart some parcel of my tene.For I, alas! in silence all too long,Of mine old hurt yet feel the wound but green.Rue on my Life; or else your cruel wrong 55Shall well appear, and by my death be seen.List of poems in chronological orderList of poems in alphabetical orderDescription of Spring, wherein every thing renews, save only the LoverTHE SOOTE season, that bud and bloom forth bringsWith green hath clad the hill, and eke the vale.The nightingale with feathers new she sings;The turtle to her make hath told her tale. 5Summer is come, for every spray now springs,The hart hath hung his old head on the pale;The buck in brake his winter coat he slings;The fishes flete with new repaired scale;The adder all her slough away she slings; 10The swift swallow pursueth the flies smale;The busy bee her honey now she mings;Winter is worn that was the flowers’ bale. And thus I see among these pleasant things Each care decays, and yet my sorrow springs!List of poems in chronological orderList of poems in alphabetical orderDescription of the restless State of a LoverWHEN youth had led me half the raceThat Cupid’s scourge had made me run;I looked back to mete the placeFrom whence my weary course begun. 5And then I saw how my desireBy guiding ill had lett the way:Mine eyen, too greedy of their hire,Had made me lose a better prey.For when in sighs I spent the day, 10And could not cloak my grief with game;The boiling smoke did still bewrayThe present heat of secret flame.And when salt tears do bain my breast,Where Love his pleasant trains hath sown; 15Her beauty hath the fruits opprest,Ere that the buds were sprung and blown.And when mine eyen did still pursueThe flying chase of their request;Their greedy looks did oft renew 20The hidden wound within my breast.When every look these cheeks might stain,From deadly pale to glowing red;By outward signs appeared plain,To her for help my heart was fled. 25But all too late Love learneth meTo paint all kind of colours new;To blind their eyes that else should seeMy speckled cheeks with Cupid’s hue.And now the covert breast I claim, 30That worshipp’d Cupid secretly;And nourished his sacred flame,From whence no blazing sparks do fly.List of poems in chronological orderList of poems in alphabetical orderDescription of the fickle Affections, Pangs, and Slights of LoveSUCH wayward ways hath Love, that most part in discordOur wills do stand, whereby our hearts but seldom do accord.Deceit is his delight, and to beguile and mockThe simple hearts, which he doth strike with froward, diverse stroke. 5He causeth the one to rage with golden burning dart;And doth allay with leaden cold again the other’s heart.Hot gleams of burning fire, and easy sparks of flame,In balance of unequal weight he pondereth by aim.From easy ford, where I might wade and pass full well, 10He me withdraws, and doth me drive into a deep dark hell;And me withholds where I am call’d and offer’d place,And wills me that my mortal foe I do beseech of grace;He lets me to pursue a conquest well near won,To follow where my pains were lost, ere that my suit begun. 15So by these means I know how soon a heart may turnFrom war to peace, from truce to strife, and so again return.I know how to content myself in others lust;Of little stuff unto myself to weave a web of trust;And how to hide my harms with soft dissembling chere, 20When in my face the painted thoughts would outwardly appear.I know how that the blood forsakes the face for dread;And how by shame it stains again the cheeks with flaming red.I know under the green, the serpent how he lurks;The hammer of the restless forge I wot eke how it works. 25I know, and can by rote the tale that I would tell;But oft the words come forth awry of him that loveth well.I know in heat and cold the lover how he shakes;In singing how he doth complain; in sleeping how he wakes.To languish without ach, sickless for to consume, 30A thousand things for to devise, resolving all in fume.And though he list to see his lady’s grace full sore;Such pleasures as delights his eye, do not his health restore.I know to seek the track of my desired foe,And fear to find that I do seek. But chiefly this I know, 35That lovers must transform into the thing beloved,And live, (alas! who could believe?) with sprite from life removed.I know in hearty sighs, and laughters of the spleen,At once to change my state, my will, and eke my colour clean.I know how to deceive myself with others help; 40And how the lion chastised is, by beating of the whelp.In standing near the fire, I know how that I freeze;Far off I burn; in both I waste, and so my life I lese.I know how love doth rage upon a yielding mind;How small a net may take, and meash a heart of gentle kind: 45Or else with seldom sweet to season heaps of gall;Revived with a glimpse of grace, old sorrows to let fall.The hidden trains I know, and secret snare of love;How soon a look will print a thought, that never may remove.The slipper state I know, the sudden turns from wealth; 50The doubtful hope, the certain woe, and sure despair of health.List of poems in chronological orderList of poems in alphabetical orderComplaint of a Lover that defied Love, and was by Love after the more tormentedWHEN Summer took in hand the winter to assail,With force of might, and virtue great, his stormy blasts to quail:And when he clothed fair the earth about with green,And every tree new garmented, that pleasure was to seen: 5Mine heart ‘gan new revive, and changed blood did stir,Me to withdraw my winter woes, that kept within my dore.‘Abroad,’ quoth my desire, ‘assay to set thy foot;Where thou shalt find the savour sweet; for sprung is every root.And to thy health, if thou were sick in any case, 10Nothing more good than in the spring the air to feel a space.There shalt thou hear and see all kinds of birds y-wrought,Well tune their voice with warble small, as nature hath them taught.’Thus pricked me my lust the sluggish house to leave,And for my health I thought it best such counsel to receive. 15So on a morrow forth, unwist of any wight,I went to prove how well it would my heavy burden light.And when I felt the air so pleasant round about,Lord! to myself how glad I was that I had gotten out.There might I see how Ver had every blossom hent, 20And eke the new betrothed birds, y-coupled how they went;And in their songs, methought, they thanked Nature much,That by her license all that year to love, their hap was such,Right as they could devise to choose them feres throughout:With much rejoicing to their Lord, thus flew they all about. 25Which when I ‘gan resolve, and in my head conceive,What pleasant life, what heaps of joy, these little birds receive;And saw in what estate I, weary man, was wrought,By want of that, they had at will, and I reject at nought;Lord! how I gan in wrath unwisely me demean! 30I cursed Love, and him defied; I thought to turn the stream.But when I well beheld, he had me under awe,I asked mercy for my fault, that so transgrest his law:Thou blinded God,’ quoth I, ‘forgive me this offence,Unwittingly I went about, to malice thy pretence.’ 35Wherewith he gave a beck, and thus methought he swore:‘Thy sorrow ought suffice to purge thy fault, if it were more.’The virtue of which sound mine heart did so revive.That I, methought, was made as whole as any man alive.But here I may perceive mine error, all and some, 40For that I thought that so it was; yet was it still undone;And all that was no more but mine expressed mind,That fain would have some good relief, of Cupid well assign’d.I turned home forthwith, and might perceive it well,That he aggrieved was right sore with me for my rebel. 45My harms have ever since increased more and more,And I remain, without his help, undone for ever more.A mirror let me be unto ye lovers all;Strive not with love; for if ye do, it will ye thus befall.List of poems in chronological orderList of poems in alphabetical orderComplaint of a Lover rebukedLOVE, that liveth and reigneth in my thought,That built his seat within my captive breast;Clad in the arms wherein with me he fought,Oft in my face he doth his banner rest. 5She, that me taught to love, and suffer pain;My doubtful hope, and eke my hot desireWith shamefaced cloak to shadow and restrain,Her smiling grace converteth straight to ire.And coward Love then to the heart apace 10Taketh his flight; whereas he lurks, and plainsHis purpose lost, and dare not shew his face.For my Lord’s guilt thus faultless bide I pains. Yet from my Lord shall not my foot remove: Sweet is his death, that takes his end by love.List of poems in chronological orderList of poems in alphabetical orderComplaint of the Lover disdainedIN Cyprus springs, whereas Dame Venus dwelt,A well so hot, that whoso tastes the same,Were he of stone, as thawed ice should melt,And kindled find his breast with fixed flame; 5Whose moist poison dissolved hath my hate.This creeping fire my cold limbs so opprest,That in the heart that harbour’d freedom, late:Endless despair long thraldom hath imprest.Another so cold in frozen ice is found, 10Whose chilling venom of repugnant kind,The fervent heat doth quench of Cupid’s wound,And with the spot of change infects the mind; Whereof my dear hath tasted to my pain: My service thus is grown into disdain.List of poems in chronological orderList of poems in alphabetical order试读结束[说明：试读内容隐藏了图片]