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辽宁大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解试读：
2011年辽宁大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
I. Translate the following phrases into English or Chinese. (2×20=40)
1．the National People’s Congress【答案】全国人民代表大会
2．Fortune Forum【答案】财富论坛
3．public benefit advertisement【答案】公益广告
4．GNP(gross national product)【答案】国民生产总值
5．EU Integration【答案】欧盟一体化
6．chronic fatigue syndrome【答案】慢性疲乏综合征
7．labor mobility【答案】劳动力流动
8．international practice【答案】国际惯例
9．on-line settlement【答案】在线结算
10．poverty relief【答案】扶贫
11．安居工程【答案】Comfortable Housing Project
12．双边关系【答案】bilateral relations
13．和平统一【答案】peaceful reunification
14．和谐社会【答案】harmonious society
15．国有企业【答案】state-owned enterprises
16．经济特区【答案】special economic zone
17．科技创新【答案】technical innovation
18．小康社会【答案】a moderately prosperous society
19．和平共处【答案】peaceful co-existence
20．团队精神【答案】team spirit
II. Translate the following sentences into Chinese, (5×5=25)
1．A shy, retiring man known to his own Columbia University students as a dull lecturer, he had the brilliance of mind that made him the teacher of his time, respected by presidents and philosophers alike.【答案】他是一个害羞，性情孤独的人。在他的哥伦比亚大学的学生看起来，他是一个令人乏味的老师。然而他极其聪明，智慧过人，这使他成为当时最杰出的教师，深受各大学校和学者们的尊敬。
2．Somehow a balance must be struck. The government runs the risk of drawing fire from conservative Malay political quarters if plans to boost English fluency appear to threaten the status of the Malay language. But judging from the pragmatism now coloring government development programs, some of the nationalistic obsessions of the past appear to be receding.【答案】无论如何都必须找出一项折中的方案来。如果提高英语流利程度的计划出现威胁到马来语地位之势，政府就要冒风险，就要招致保守的马来政治群体的抨击。但是目前政府制定发展计划时起作用的是务实主义。据此判断，过去做事都要从民族主义出发的势头正渐渐消退。
3．Amid mounting social discontent over inflation, the government leaders have used swift police action to drive home the futility of public protest.【答案】当四周都是公众对于通货膨胀不满的声讨时，政府领导人已经迅速动用了警力把毫无意义的抗议示威者驱赶回家。
4．Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allows it to act more effectively in cognitive areas such as attention and memory.【答案】研究人员已经证实，当人们在精神上参与时，大脑中的生化变化会使其在注意力和记忆力等认知领域更有效。
5．Amid mounting social discontent over inflation, the government leaders have used swift police action to drive home the futility of public protest.【答案】当四周都是公众对于通货膨胀不满的声讨时，政府领导人已经迅速动用了警力把毫无意义的抗议示威者驱赶回家。
III. Translate the following sentences into English. (5×5=25)
1．但是，他们的思想工作没有他们的组织工作做得好。【答案】They have not done so well ideologically, however, as organizationally.
2．这个地方作为完全新型飞机的秘密训练基地是非常理想的，因为它地处边陲，有效地掩盖了其中的活动。【答案】As a secret training base for a revolutionary new plane, it was an excellent site, its remoteness effectively making its activity.
3．和平与发展仍然是当今时代的主题，但不稳定不确定因素在增多，新挑战新威胁在增加。【答案】Peace and development remain the calling of our times. On the other hand, factors causing instability and uncertainty are increasing and new challenges and threats are looming.
4．未来的大学将建立起更为灵活和富有活力的学习制度，适应终身学习的发展趋势。【答案】Future universities will develop a more flexible and dynamic learning system to adapt to the development trend of lifelong learning.
5．由于职业市场萎缩，违约不还学生贷款的大学毕业生越来越多。【答案】The number of graduates reneging on student loans is on the increase, as the job market shrinks.
IV. Translate the following passages into Chinese. (2×15=30)
1
But when you attempt to reconstruct it in words, you will find that it breaks into a thousand conflicting impressions. Some must be subdued; others emphasized; in the process you will lose, probably all grasp upon the emotion itself. Then turn from your blurred and littered pages to the opening pages of some great novelist—Defoe, Jane Austen, Hardy. Now you will be better able to appreciate their mastery. It is not merely that we are in the presence of a different person—Defoe, Jane Austen, or Thomas Hardy—but that we are living in a different world. Here, in Robinson Crusoe, we are trudging a plain high road; one thing happens after another; the fact and the order of the fact is enough.【参考译文】
但是，当你试图用语言重现那个场景时，你会发现场景已支离破碎，变成了千百个互相冲突的印象。有些场景只需一带而过，而有些场景则需加强。在这个过程中，你极可能失去当初对此景的感受。把目光从这些支离破碎的场景中离开，转去阅读一些伟大的小说家们的名著，比如笛福，简·奥斯丁，或者托马斯·哈代。现在你能够更好地去欣赏他们的高超之处。我们不仅仅面对着不同的伟大的小说家——笛福，简·奥斯丁，或者托马斯·哈代，而且还生活在一个完全不同的世界里。在《鲁滨逊漂流记》中，我们在一条平坦的公路上跋涉前进，事情接踵而至，只要事实和其先后顺序便足够了。
2
But if the open air and adventure mean everything to Defoe they mean nothing to Jane Austen. Hers is the drawing-room, and people talking, and by the many mirrors of their talk revealing their characters. And if, when we have accustomed ourselves to the drawing-room and its reflections, we turn to hardy, we are once more spun around. The moors are round us and the stars above our heads. The other side of the mind is now exposed — the dark side that comes uppermost in solitude’ not the light side that shows in company. Our relations are not towards people, but towards Nature and destiny. Yet different as these worlds are, each is consistent with itself. The maker of each is careful to observe the laws of his own perspective, and however great a strain they may put upon us they will never confuse us, as lesser writers so frequently do, by introducing two different kinds of reality into the same book.【参考译文】
然而，如果说笛福看重的是野外生活和冒险行动，它们对简·奥斯丁来说却毫无意义。客厅才是她的天地，还有人们的谈天说地，她通过各种各样的表现谈话的镜子来揭示他们的性格。当我们习惯于这个客厅及其中闪烁多姿的映像以后又转而去阅读哈代，那我们又会晕头转向。我们周围是沼泽，头顶上是星星。人性的另外一面被揭示了，孤独时得到突出表现的黑暗的一面，而不是与友朋相处时闪闪发亮的光明的一面。我们不是跟人而是跟大自然、跟命运发生关系。然而，这些世界虽然互不相同，它们各自却都统一协调。每个世界的创造者都小心翼翼地遵守各自视角下的法规，而且，不管他们给我们以多大负担，他们从来不会使我们感到迷惑，不像有些二流作家常常在同一本书里介绍两种完全不相同的现实，把读者弄得无所适从。
V. Translate the following passages into English. (2×15=30)
1
我自己就是浪费了很多时间的一个人。我不打麻将，我不经常的听戏看电影，几年中难得一次，我不长时间看电视，通常只看半个小时，我也不串门子闲聊天。有人问我：“那么你大部分时间都做了些什么呢? ”我痛自反省，我发现，除了职务上的必须及人情上所不能免的活动之外，我的时间大部分都浪费了。我应该集中精力，读我所朱读过的书，我应该利用所有时间，写我所要写的东西，但是我没能这样做。我的好多的时间都糊里糊涂的混过去了，“少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。”【参考译文】
Personally, I am also a fritterer. I don’t play mahjong. I seldom go to the theatre or cinema—I go there only once every few years. I seldom spend long hours watching TV—usually I watch TV for no more than 30 minutes at a sitting. Nor do I go visiting and gossiping from door to door. Some people asked me, “Then what do you do with most of your time?” Introspecting with regret, I found that apart from the time earmarked from my job and unavoidable social activities, most of my time had been wasted. I should have concentrated my energies on reading whatever books I have not yet read. I should have utilized all my time in writing anything I want to write. But I’ve failed to do so. Very much of my time has been frittered away aimlessly. As the saying goes, “One who does not work hard in youth will grieve in vain in old age.”
2
经贸关系历来是中美关系的重要组成部分，也是两国交往中最为活跃的一个方面。自1979年中美建交以来，双边经贸关系虽受两国总体关系的影响，经历了一些波折，但长期以来一直保持较快发展速度。中美两国经济上的相互依存在不断加强，经贸关系已成为中美关系的稳定器。随着中国深入改革和扩大开放进程的发展，特别是中国加入世贸组织后，经贸关系在中美关系发展中将发挥更大的作用。【参考译文】
Economic and trade ties have been an important component of China-US relations and the most active element in the contracts between the two countries. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States in 1979, the two countries’ economic and trade cooperation has been growing rapidly despite a number of twists and turns in their overall relations over the years. As the economies of China and the United States become increasingly interdependent, economic and trade cooperation has functioned as a stabilizer for relations between the two countries. With the deepening of China’s reform and opening up, economic and trade cooperation between China and the United States will play an even bigger role in the development of their bilateral relations.
2012年辽宁大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
I. Translate the following phrases into English or Chinese.
1．racial segregation【答案】种族隔离
2．regional disparity【答案】区域差异
3．farewell ceremony【答案】告别仪式
4．CPI【答案】居民消费价格指数（consumer price index）
5．gracious invitation【答案】盛情邀请
6．exquisite workmanship【答案】工艺精湛
7．APEC
试读结束[说明：试读内容隐藏了图片]