作者：王建华
出版社：中国人民大学出版社
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
2017年考研英语经典专项阅读120篇试读：
前言
目前，图书市场上考研英语辅导用书版本很多，分类也比较细，从语言知识运用到阅读理解，从翻译到写作，从词汇到新题型再到应用文写作，每一部分都有相应的考点知识讲解和实践练习的专项辅导书，尤其是阅读部分考试辅导用书划分更细，有考研阅读真题详解用书，也有考研阅读专项练习用书，还有阅读长难句讲解用书等。目前市面上的考研阅读辅导书有220篇、200篇、150篇、120篇和100篇等。这么多不同版本的考研阅读辅导书对考生而言不是一件轻松的事情，为什么呢？因为考生要自己作出判断和选择，自己决定买哪个版本的书比较值，但是考生没有明确的判断标准，因此很难选择适合自己的图书。
判断一本好的考研英语辅导书的标准是什么呢？
首先，编书的作者必须是在考研辅导界有多年辅导经验的老师。这样的老师知道考生的需求在哪里，更知道考生的问题在哪里，这样，老师在编书的时候就能够根据大多数考研学生的需要而设置辅导书的框架和内容，从而使书中的内容对考生的备考更有针对性。对于考研英语阅读辅导用书，有经验的编者选择的文章有较强的权威性。
其次，编书的作者最好是有过阅卷经历的老师。这样的老师能把握考题答案的设置和选材的难易度，阅卷的经历可以给老师一个判断主观题答案好与坏的衡量标准。考研英语辅导用书既包括练习题也包括配套的参考答案。如果一本辅导用书的作者没有阅卷经历，在设置考题和答案时就难免不够专业，这样对学生辅导的针对性就不够强。
再次，要买的书一定要属于由多本辅导书所构成的同一个版本系列。如果一个版本系列只由一两本书构成，有的辅导书一个版本甚至只有一本书，这样的书给人的感觉就不专业。如果你喜欢一本词汇书，还想买同系列的阅读它没有，想买同系列的写作也没有，只能再去挑选别的版本系列，这样对考生来讲可能是时间的浪费。中国人民大学出版社同一个系列的考研辅导用书由多本构成，同时，又有多个系列同时出版，这为考生选择合适的考研书提供了方便。
最后，买考研英语辅导书要看其出版社。出版社的实力决定了其出书的质量和力度，不同的出版社也有图书出版的不同侧重点。有些出版社在考研书方面出版较多，也集聚了大批高水平的作者，这对书质量的保证至关重要。
有了这些基本的考研英语图书购买知识，你就可以大胆选择自己要买的考研英语辅导书了。我现在很负责任地把我所编的这本考研英语120篇阅读辅导用书给你做一个介绍，供你作出理性的选择：
这本书是由我多年来在考研辅导一线讲课时所用的阅读材料积累而成的一本书。这本书的材料均选自《经济学人》和《新闻周刊》两本杂志，多年来我和我的研究生一直在翻译这些文章，文章翻译完之后就是设计考题，考题的设计花去了较长的时间，经过多年的积累和编写，我才把多年积累的阅读文章汇辑成书，交予出版。如果考生需要有一本书可以伴你整个考研英语阅读的备考过程，相信这本书就是《考研英语经典专项阅读120篇》。这本书把120篇英语文章集于一本，共30个单元，每篇文章除了英语文章本身、试题和参考答案，还包括难句解析和全文译文。各位考研学子，当你觉得考研英语词汇背得差不多时，你就可以买下这本书，从第一个单元开始每天一篇阅读训练，同时自测，每篇阅读连同做题时间不能超过15分钟，在15分钟之内读完并做完考题，一直这样要求自己，直到把30个单元的文章做完。当你把这本书中的所有考题做完之后，你就会发现：你的阅读速度和阅读准确度接近并达到了考研英语阅读的基本能力要求，甚至水平更高。按照这个规划来用这本书的话，这本书的价值就发挥到了极致。编者于人大明德国际楼
Unit 1
Text 1European shares were at asevenyear high and the euro sat near an11year low on Thursday as the European Central Bank prepared to take the plunge into fullscale quantitative easing.
Market expectations are skyhigh for the ECB to unveil alargescale QE program—printing money to buy euro zone government bonds—despite opposition from Germany's Bundesbank.Berlin is also worried that such purchases could allow spendthrift countries to slacken the pace of reforms.
A euro zone source said on Wednesday that the bank's Executive Board，which met on Tuesday，has proposed the ECB should buy50billion euros($58billion)of bonds each month from March，though it was unclear how long for.
Markets pumped up by almost ayear of jockeying over the issue were awaiting the crucial details，expected to come at a13：30GMT news conference with the bank's chief Mario Draghi.German and other euro zone bond yields nudged up as investors locked in some profits from arecent sharp rally，while the region's shares and the euro traded sideways at1433.60points and just over$1.16respectively.
“The key market focus is likely to be on two things，”said analysts at Goldman Sachs.“(i)the scale and maturity profile of the program and(ii)whether the ECB chooses to‘mutualise’the risk on its own balance sheet or place assets on national central banks'balance sheets.”
Broader market sentiment remained positive for riskier assets，supported by the aggressive actions of central banks seeking to fight deflation.For European shares it was asixth day of rises and for MSCI's world index afifth.
Canada's dollar hit asixyear low after it became the latest country to surprise by cutting rates on Wednesday，while there was chatter that countries like Denmark may opt to move again if the ECB announces abig QE program.
The ECB has already cut interest rates to record lows，begun buying private sector assets and funneled hundreds of billions of euros of cheap loans to banks，in the hope that they would lend the money on into the economy and stimulate growth.Now its last remaining major option is QE，a policy that the U.S.Federal Reserve，Bank of England and Bank of Japan have all used with some success.
The euro traded narrowly，between$1.1629and$1.1589，moving away from an11year nadir of$1.14595plumbed last week as the market trimmed short positions ahead of the ECB meeting.
Market analysts reckoned there was limited room for it to fall for now，given how high and for how long currency traders had been preparing for the ECB to take the plunge into bond buying stimulus.Banks like Goldman，however，are expecting it to eventually reach parity with the dollar.
The Australian and New Zealand dollars suffered deep losses as Canada's shock rate cut fueled speculation the Reserve Bank of Australia could soon follow suit.Crude oil prices and gold also dipped on expectations that the ECB's decision to launch bondbuying stimulus could boost the dollar and put downward pressure on the commodity.Brent crude futures were trading at$49per barrel and U.S.crude was down38cents at$47.40a barrel in early European trading.
The dollar meanwhile dipped against abasket of currencies and to117.75on the yen as Japan's central bank signaled its resolve to achieve its ambitious2percent inflation target.
1.Which of the following statements is true according to the first two paragraphs?
A.Germany's Bundesbank is in favor of the QE program.
B.Germany's Bundesbank is indifferent to the QE program.
C.Purchasing euro zone government bonds may allow spendthrift countries to slow down the pace of reforms.
D.Purchasing euro zone government bonds may allow spendthrift countries to accelerate the pace of reforms.
2.According to aeuro zone source，____.
A.the ECB would buy50billion euros of bonds each month from March
B.the bank's Executive Board was against the QE program
C.the bank's Executive Board did not know how long the purchase will last
D.the bank's Executive Board was useless
3.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A.People were not so anxious about the details of the program.
B.The important details about the QE program will be released at a13:30GMT news conference.
C.The13:30GMT news conference will be held by Mario Draghi.
D.Mario Draghi is the person who initiated the plan.
4.According to analysts at Goldman Sachs，____.
A.whether the ECB chooses to“mutualise”the risk on its own balance sheet or place assets on national central banks'balance sheets is of great importance.
B.the market will only focus on two things.
C.the two things are of equal importance.
D.the scale and maturity profile of the program is more important.
5.According to the last three paragraphs，____.
A.currency traders had not expected that the ECB would take the plunge into bond buying stimulus
B.market analysts thought there was limited room for the euro to fall at present
C.the euro will eventually reach parity with the dollar
D.the dollar rose against most currenciesText 2
Few disagreed with Christina Romer,who chairs America's Council of Economic Advisers(CEA),when she wrote recently that the early1960s were the CEA's“glory days.”Take1961,for instance.James Tobin was amember,Robert Solow was astaff economist,and consultant economists included Kenneth Arrow and Paul Samuelson.All four went on to win Nobel prizes.But fewer economists agreed with Ms Romer's assertion that the CEA's staff in2009was of acalibre not seen since those starstudded days.
Greg Mankiw,a Harvard economist who chaired the CEA in2003—2005,points out that the council packed considerable intellectual firepower under Martin Feldstein in1982.Three of its members or staff—Larry Summers(now Barack Obama's chief economic adviser),Mr Feldstein himself and Paul Krugman—have won the Clark medal,a prize for the best American economist under the age of40.Mr Krugman went on to win the Nobel prize.Mr Mankiw does not think the present lot match up to the class of1982.He suggests measuring the academic influence of CEAs by how often their economists have been cited by their peers.
The Economistdecided to see how different councils fared,through awidelyused index that ranks the top5%of academic economists worldwide by citations to date.This is an imperfect measure,favouring members of older CEAs,who have both been active researchers for longer and whose influence was presumably boosted by their time on the council.Still,of the present CEA's three members,both Ms Romer and Austan Goolsbee make the cut.In comparison,all three members of Mr Mankiw's CEA,and the one chaired by Janet Yellen during Bill Clinton's later years in office,are on the list.More impressive is the fact that two of the seven senior economists attached to the present CEA are also among the top5%of economists by citations,a rare distinction.
Measured by citation scores per team member,though,the present CEA does not stand out as much.The average score for2009works out at291,much higher than2008's185(despite multiple citations for the then chairman,Edward Lazear)but well below the average for Mr Mankiw's team of2003,when the average was641.The count for1982's“dream team”is an impressive755.For1993,when Joseph Stiglitz and Alan Blinder were members of the CEA,and the senior economists included the eventually muchcited David Cutler and Matthew Shapiro,the average score is736.5.Ms Romer's team is handicapped by our use of lifetime citation counts,but the difference is still striking.
Citations,of course,are an even more flawed measure of quality for staff economists,who tend to be younger.So we ranked the past ten years'CEAs by the average quality of the economics departments where their senior economists got their PhDs.This too is imperfect,as the rankings do change,albeit slowly.But by this measure,the present cohort of senior staff economists is the secondbestqualified in academic terms of any of the past ten CEAs.It is beaten—but only barely—by the staff assembled by Glenn Hubbard for George Bush junior in2001.It does even better than Mr Feldstein's1982team.If part of any CEA's influence comes from the academic prestige of its members and staff,the present council has little to worry about.But it is not yet the most brilliant since the1960s.Sorry,Ms Romer.
1.Who has not won the Clark medal before？
A.Larry Summers.
B.Greg Mankiw.
C.Martin Feldstein.
D.Paul Krugman.
2.The first paragraph suggests that____.
A.Christina Romer considers the CEA's staff in2009to be the most extraordinary since1960s
B.economists often compare the CEA's staff in2009with that of the golden age
C.the glory day of the CEA has left for good
D.CEA in2009is full of preeminent economists
3.Which of the following statements is not an evidence for Ms Romer's wrong assertion?
A.Measured by citation scores per team member,the average score for2009works out at291.
B.When ranked the past ten years'CEAs by the average quality of the economics department,the2009team is beaten by the2001team.
C.Mr Mankiw does not think the present lot match up to the class of1982.
D.Two of the seven senior economists attached to the present CEA are also among the top5%of economists by citations,a rare distinction.
4.The phrase“make the cut”in the third paragraph might mean____.
A.deal with B.take ashort cut
C.up to the standard D.unsatisfactory
5.The main idea of the passage is____.
A.select the best CEA team in the history
B.measure the performance of the CEA teams over the decades
C.introduce citation as ameasurement to evaluate the performance of CEA
D.refute Ms Romer's assertion that the2009CEA is the best since the glory daysText 3
The American Heart Association today issued new guidelines on how to perform CPR.The recommendations say rescuers should focus first and foremost on chest compressions,not breathing into the victim's mouth—what most call mouthtomouth resuscitation—and they come after the efficacy of the previous standard was called into question.A training aide used under previous guidelines was“ABC,”or“airway,breathing,chest compression”:check the airway for lodged objects,perform mouthtomouth,then start on chest compressions.The new2010directions are“CAB,”or“chest compressions,airway,breathing”—and the AHA notes that the mouthtomouth can be skipped by those leery of“breathing for astranger”or without formal training.
“We certainly recognize the challenge of getting bystanders to act,”says Michael Sayre,coauthor of the new AHA guidelines and associate professor of emergency medicine at Ohio State University.Making CPR easier for nonprofessionals to practice has been aleading goal of the AHA,he says,noting that chest compressions need to be administered even before911is called.The previous set of guidelines from the AHA did not include separate instructions for trained versus untrained rescuers,and Sayre says there is aperception among untrained individuals that they might hurt someone and shouldn't try to help.
In addition to these new recommendations,he cites an AHA publicawareness campaign called HandsOnly CPR,which has an instructional Web site encouraging people not to be afraid to help.“The message definitely is that,even if you've never been trained,you can help save alife by calling911and initiating handsonly CPR,”he said,instead of traditional chest compressions and assisted breathing.This change in guidelines supports the findings of two studies published this summer in The New England Journal of Medicine,which focused on this new technique of compressiononly CPR.Traditional CPR—or cardiopulmonary resuscitation—has the performer alternate between chest compressions and breathing into the mouth of the victim.
One study,out of Sweden,focused on whether the use of compressiononly CPR,compared with chest compressions and assisted breathing,would have an impact on the number of patients who survived at least30days after their medical incident.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the survival rate between techniques.Meanwhile,the second study,out of the University of Washington,suggested,as the new AHA guidelines do,that when CPR is being administered by a“layperson”—not adoctor—911operators should emphasize compressiononly CPR.
Additionally,the AP reports that people are more likely to attempt lifesaving measures if an emergency operator is giving them explicit and firm directions,and that80percent of people will attempt lifesaving actions when instructed to use compressiononly CPR,compared with70percent who would willingly begin both compressions and assisted breathing for the victim.The new guidelines also emphasize that rescuers need to focus on delivering at least100chest compressions per minute,and should press down the victim's chest by at least two inches.
1.Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the new set of CPR？
A.The new CPR has lower requirement on the professional knowledge of the rescuer.
B.The new CPR can be performed without professional training.
C.People are more willing to take the lifesaving measures under the new CPR.
D.The new CPR makes compression much easier.
2.The new guidelines of CPR issued by AHA____.
A.provide that mouthtomouth resuscitation must be skipped
B.highlight the importance of chest compression
C.change the procedure into CBA
D.emphasize that the rescuers need to deliver at least70chest compression every minute
3.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.Chest compressions should be administered with the guidance of911operators.
B.The new CPR can also be called handonly CPR.
C.Traditional CPR is the alternative operation between chest compression and mouthtomouth breath.
D.The new set of guideline separates instructions for trained versus untrained rescuers.
4.The word“leery”in the first paragraph might mean____.
A.cautious
B.afraid
C.nervous
D.frisky
5.The author's attitude towards the new guideline of CPR is____.
A.dubious
B.negative
C.approving
D.indifferentText 4
Anorexic teens have abetter chance at longterm recovery in familybased treatment programs,rather than individual therapy,according to anew study.In fact,doctors at Stanford University and the University of Chicago found that including the family of an adolescent anorexic patient leads to afaster,more complete,recovery.The results contradict longheld beliefs that parents may be an obstacle to treatment.“There is no evidence that parents cause anorexia nervosa,”said James Lock,one of the study's authors.“They have been blamed with circumstantial data.”The study compared familybased treatment(FBT)with individual therapy and is the first headtohead comparison.
Researchers found that recovery rates were nearly twice as high for the patients in the familybased treatment groups,and that patients in FBT also gained weight faster and showed great improvement in attitudes and behaviors surrounding food.Harriet Brown,a journalism professor at Syracuse University's S.I.Newhouse School of Public Communications,wrote about her experiences with FBT in anew book,Brave Girl Eating,about her daughter's fight against anorexia.In2005,when her daughter was diagnosed,Brown could not find therapists in her area familiar with familybased treatment.But after researching the available treatment options,she created her own hybrid of therapy using what she knew of FBT and combining it with the knowledge her daughter's pediatrician and therapist had about her eating disorder to create atreatment.
Like many families,when her daughter was first diagnosed,they were told she would have to go away to atreatment facility,where she would be treated individually and kept from her family,an idea both Brown and her daughter were uncomfortable with.After deciding that an inpatient facility was not the right choice,the family undertook treating her at home.Her daughter's food anxiety was intense,Brown said,but whether they had to watch amovie to distract her as she ate,or sit and rub her back with every bite,they did it together and they did it at home.
For the FBT study,Lock and other researchers randomly assigned participants between the ages of12and18into one of two research groups.In one group patients received FBT,and in another they received more traditional,adolescentbased individual therapy.At the end of treatment,42percent of patients in the familybased therapy had recovered,compared with23percent of patients in the individual therapy.At sixmonth and oneyear posttreatment checkups,the FBT research group had retained ahigher number of patients in full remission than did the control group,with22patients and11patients respectively in full remission after one year.The percent of relapse for the FBT group was only10percent,compared to40percent in individual treatment.
These results hold promise for both treating the disease and some of the family stigma that surrounds it,which has made Brown very optimistic.“I would love parents to know that nobody chooses to get anorexia,”Brown said.“And you can't unchoose it yourself either.”If a14yearold was diagnosed with another lifethreatening illness,she said,a parent would not step back and remain uninvolved in the child's treatment,and nor should they with eating disorders.“You don't have to be aperfect,special family to make this work,”she said.“There is no such thing.”
1.The main idea of the article is____.
A.how to treat anorexic teens
B.family based treatment is more effective than individual treatment for anorexic teens
C.the relationship between family and anorexia
D.a new discovery of doctors at Stanford University
2.The word“stigma”in the last paragraph might mean____.
A.exhaustion B.anxious C.shame D.despair
3.The remarks of Brown in the last paragraph suggest____.
A.parents and society should not have prejudice towards anorexia
B.if the family work together,the illness is sure to be cured
C.anorexia is not akind of serious disease
D.positive attitude will help the patient to recover
4.According to the study of Locker,____.
A.more than half of the patients in the familybased treatment have recovered
B.22percent patients in the FBT group are in full remission after one year
C.the percent of relapse of individual treatment is higher than that of FBT group
D.42percent patients in the individual treatment have recovered at the end of the treatment
5.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A.The author of Brave Girl Eating develops her own method of familytreatment of anorexia.
B.Parents are by no means the cause of anorexia nervosa.
C.Parents can use distraction to make their children to eat.
D.Patients in familybased treatment can gain weight much faster.
试读结束[说明：试读内容隐藏了图片]