作者：严道南
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Otolaryngology in Chinese Medicine中医耳鼻喉科学试读：
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中医耳鼻喉科学=Otolaryngology in Chinese Medicine：英文/严道南等主编．—北京：人民卫生出版社，2012.8
国际标准化英文版中医教材
ISBN 978-7-117-16125-1
Ⅰ．①中… Ⅱ．①严… Ⅲ．①中医五官科学-耳鼻咽喉科学-教材-英文 Ⅳ．①R276.1
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Book Title: International Standard Library of Chinese Medicine: Otolaryngology in Chinese Medicine
国际标准化英文版中医教材—中医耳鼻喉科学
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This book is for educational and reference purposes only.In view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical science, the author, editor, publisher and any other party involved in the publication of this work do not guarantee that the information contained herein is in any respect accurate or complete.The medicinal therapies and treatment techniques presented in this book are provided for the purpose of reference only.If readers wish to attempt any of the techniques or utilize any of the medicinal therapies contained in this book, the publisher assumes no responsibility for any such actions.It is the responsibility of the readers to understand and adhere to local laws and regulations concerning the practice of these techniques and methods.The authors, editors and publishers disclaim all responsibility for any liability, loss, injury, or damage incurred as a consequence, directly or indirectly, of the use and application of any of the contents of this book.
First published: 2012
ISBN: 978-7-117-16125-1/R·16126
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Printed in The People’s Republic of ChinaContributors (listed alphabetically by name)
Geng Xiao-wen, Ph.D.TCM
Lecturer, Chinese Stomatology
Department, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
Shen Qi, Ph.D.TCM
Associate Professor and Director, Teaching and Research Section, TCM
Otolaryngology Department, Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
Wu Ji-yong, Ph.D.TCM
Attending Physician, TCM Otolaryngology
Department, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Nanjing, China
Yan Dao-nan
Professor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Chief Physician, TCM
Otolaryngology Department, Jiangsu
Provincial Hospital of TCM, Nanjing, China
Yan Ying, Ph.D.TCM
Attending Physician, Chinese
Otolarynglogy Department of Jiangsu
Province Hospital of TCM, Nanjing, China
Zhang Shi-zhong, Ph.D.TCM
Lecturer, Chinese Otolarynglogy
Department of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, ChinaTranslators (listed alphabetically by name)
Chen Rong-rong, M.S.TCM
Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
Charlie Yao-Ning Chuang, OMD, L.Ac.
Doctor of Acupuncture and Oriental
Medicine; Licensed of Acupuncturist, CA, USA
Deng Qian-qian, M.S.TCM
Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
Di Dan-hua, M.S.TCM
Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
Frances Meng-Fen Lee, L.Ac.
Licensed of Acupuncturist, CA, USA
Hu Ko-hsin, MD, MMS, PhD
Head, Department of Otolaryngology, Keelung Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan; Executive Director, Taiwan Chinese Medical Otolaryngology Association, Taipei, Taiwan, China
Ma Hua-an, MD, PhD
Chief Physician, TCM Otolaryngology
Department, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Nanjing, China
Shen Qi, PhD TCM
Associate Professor and Director, Teaching and Research Section, TCM
Otolaryngology Department, Henan
College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
Sun Yan, MSTCM
Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
Yan Fang, MD
Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, USA
Zhao Jing-jing, MS TCM
Attending Physician, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
Marc Wasserman
Master’s Degree in Acupuncture and Tui
Na from Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese MedicineEnglish editors
Carl Stimson L.Ac.
Tsai Chun-hui, MD, MSC, FAAP, FACMG
Associate professor of University Colorado
School of Medicine, Colorado, USAAbout the Authors
Yan Dao-nan is a full professor at Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine.He is also a chief physician at the university's affiliated hospital and a mentor for PhD students.Dr.Yan serves as the vice board chairman and secretary-general of the otolaryngology chapter of China Association of Chinese Medicine, the associate editor of the Journal of Otolaryngology Research in Chinese Medicine, and editorial member of the Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine.
Dr.Yan graduated from the Department of Chinese Medicine of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine in 1982.He pursued specialized training in otolaryngology with the well-known TCM doctor Gan Zu-wang.Dr.Yan has devoted himself to studying, managing and treating otolaryngological diseases with Chinese medicine for 30 years.In the last decade, he has trained more than 10 PhD students of TCM otolaryngology.He has also completed numerous research projects on the treatment of chronic laryngitis and allergic rhinitis at both the provincial and national level.The national-level clinical trials for chronic laryngitis were well received by the participants, Dr.Yan is the recipient of numerous awards and national patents, has edited and authored six major publications, including Otorhinolaryngology of Traditional Chinese Medicine – English & Chinese Version, and Gan Zu-wang's ENT Experience, and has published over 50 peer-reviewed articles in academic journals.
Dr.Hu Ko-hsin currently serves as the head of the Department of Otolaryngology at Keelung Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan.His education includes a MD degree from China Medical University, a MS degree from Chang Gung University, and a MD and PhD degree from Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine.He also studied at Keio University Hospital in Japan and Mount Sinai Medical Center in the United States.He holds licenses in both biomedicine and traditional Chinese medicine.He also has been served as the vice chairperson, Specialty Committee of ENT and Stomatology of World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies.
Dr.Hu specializes in integrated TCM and biomedical otolaryngology.He has published over 30 professional research articles in the field, including several in SCI journals.Dr.Hu has received numerous awards for his publications and contributions to the medical community.
Currently Dr.Hu is a lecturer at Chang Gung University School of TCM and American Institute of Continuing Medical Education.He serves as the executive director of the Taiwan Chinese Medical Otolaryngology Association, director of the Society for Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine ROC, and Director of the Formosan Association of Clinical Diagnosis in TCM.Editorial Board for International Standard Library of Chinese MedicineExecutive Directors
Li Zhen-ji (李振吉)
Vice Chairman and Secretary-general, World Federation of Chinese Medical Societies, Beijing, China
Hu Guo-chen (胡国臣)
President and Editor-in-Chief, People’s Medical Publishing House, Beijing, ChinaDirectors
You Zhao-ling (尤昭玲)
Former President and Professor of Chinese Medical Gynecology, Hunan University of TCM, Changsha, China
Xie Jian-qun (谢建群)
President and Professor of Chinese Internal Medicine, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, ChinaGeneral Coordinator
Liu Shui (刘水)
Director of International TCM Publications, People’s Medical Publishing House, BeijingMembers (Listed alphabetically by last name)
Chang Zhang-fu (常章富)
Professor of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of CM, Beijing, China
Chen Hong-feng (陈红风), PhD TCM
Professor of Chinese External Medicine, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
Chen Jia-xu (陈家旭), PhD TCM
Professor of TCM Diagnostics, Beijing University of CM, Beijing, China
Chen Ming (陈明)
Professor of Shāng Hán Lùn, Beijing University of CM, Beijing, China
Cui Hai (崔海), PhD TCM
Associate Professor of TCM, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Deng Zhong-jia (邓中甲)
Professor of Chinese Medicinal Formulae, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, China
Ding Xiao-hong (丁晓红)
Associate Professor of Tui Na, International Education College, Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, China
Doug Eisenstark, L.Ac
Professor of Chinese Medicine, Emperors College, Los Angeles, USA
Stephen X.Guo (郭鑫太), M.A.International Affairs
Director of Jande International, New York, USA
Han Chou-ping (韩丑平)
Associate Professor, International Education College, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
Hu Jun (胡俊), B.A.Medical English
Currently pursuing a master's of science in the Social History of Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
Hu Ko-hsin (胡克信), PhD TCM
Head, Department of Otolaryngology, Keelung Hospital, Taiwan
Hu Zhen (胡臻)
Professor and Head of Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
Huang Fei-li(黄菲莉)
Professor of Cosmetology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
Russell William James, MS TCM
IELTS Examiner & Marker, Beijing, China
Jia De-xian (贾德贤), PhD TCM
Professor of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of CM, Beijing, China
Jin Hong-zhu (金宏柱)
Professor of Acupuncture and Tui Na, Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, China
Lao Li-xing (劳力行), PhD
Professor of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
Past Co-President of the Society for Acupuncture Research
Hon K.Lee (李汉光), Dipl.OM, L.Ac.
Director of the Jow Ga Shaolin Institute, Virginia, USA
Li Dao-fang (李道坊), PhD TCM
President, Florida Acupuncture Association; Executive Board Director, National Federation of Chinese TCM Organizations, Florida, USA
Mei Li (李梅), MS TOM, L.Ac.
Translator and Editor, People’s Medical Publishing House, Beijing, China
Li Ming-dong (李名栋), PhD OMD, L.Ac.
Professor of TCM Internal Medicine, Yo San University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Los Angeles, USA
Li Wan-ling (李云宁)
Qi Gong and TCM Translator, Beijing, China
Liang Li-na (梁丽娜), PhD TCM
Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Eye Hospital of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
Liu Zhan-wen (刘占文)
Professor of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of CM, Beijing, China
Lü Ming (吕明)
Professor of Tui Na, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
Mark L.Mondot, B.A.Chinese Language, L.Ac. Translator and Editor, People’s Medical Publishing House, Beijing, China
Jane Lyttleton, Hons, M Phil, Dip TCM, Cert Ac.
Lecturer, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Julie Mulin Qiao-Wong (乔木林)
Professor of Chinese Medicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
Andy Rosenfarb, MS TOM, L.Ac.
Acupuncture Health Associates, New Jersey, USA
Paul F.Ryan, MS TCM, L.Ac.
Taihu Institute, Jiangsu, China
Martin Schweizer, PhD Molecular Biology, L.Ac.
Emeritus Professor of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, USA
Secondo Scarsella, MD, DDS
Visiting Professor of Tui Na, Nanjing University of TCM, China Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
Sun Guang-ren (孙广仁)
Professor of TCM Fundamentals, Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
Tsai Chun-hui, PhD
Associate Professor of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, USA
Tu Ya (图娅)
Professor of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing University of CM, Beijing, China
Wang Shou-chuan (汪受传)
Professor of TCM Pediatrics, Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, China
Wei Qi-ping (韦企平)
Professor of Ophthalmology, Beijing University of CM, Beijing, China
Douglas Wile, PhD
Former Professor, History and Philosophy of Chinese Medicine and Chinese Language, Pacific College of Oriental Medicine, New York; Professor of Chinese Language, Alverno College, Milwaukee, USA
Jane Frances Wilson, MS, L.Ac.
Senior Lecturer, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
Xiao Ping (肖平)
Associate Professor, Hunan University of TCM, Changsha, China
Xu Shi-zu (徐士祖), M.A.Chinese Martial Arts
Chinese Traditional Sports and Health Cultivation Instructor, School of Physical Education, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
Yan Dao-nan (严道南)
Professor of Otolaryngology, Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, China
Ye Qiao-bo (叶俏波), PhD TCM
Lecturer of Chinese Medicinal Formulae, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, China
Zhang Ji (张吉)
Professor of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing University of CM, Beijing, China
Zhang Ji (张季), PhD TCM
Professor of Chinese Materia Medica, Emperor’s College of Oriental Medicine, Alhambra University, Dongguk University, Los Angeles, USA
Helen Q.Zhang (张齐), PhD TCM, L.Ac.
Director, Qi TCM Clinic, New York, USA
Zhang Qing-rong (张庆荣)
Professor of TCM Fundamentals, Liaoning University of TCM, Shenyang, China
Zhao Bai-xiao (赵百孝), PhD TCM
Professor of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,
Dean, School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing University of TCM, China
Zhao Xia (赵霞), PhD TCM
Professor of TCM Pediatrics, Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, China
Zhou Gang (周刚), PhD TCM
Lecturer of Shāng Hán Lùn, Beijing University of CM, Beijing, China
Gregory Donald Zimmerman, MS, L.Ac.
Lecturer, Southern California University of Health Sciences (formerly LACC), California, USASponsored by World Federation of Chinese Medical SocietiesPreface
Rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis and deafness are very common illnesses that can be treated effectively with Chinese medicine.Study materials on Chinese medical Otolaryngology in China are not difficult to find, but as Chinese medicine is not commonly practised in Western societies, translations of such materials are not likely to be found in English-speaking countries.Even if translations do exist, they are often not done by Chinese medicine professionals and are filled with mistakes.For this reason, People’s Medical Publishing House has gathered Chinese medical professionals from China and the United States to publish this English edition of Otolaryngology in Chinese Medicine, which will allow European and American students and doctors to learn the genuine theories and techniques of Chinese medical otolaryngology.
The Chinese medical literature of the past 2,000 years contains abundant references to otolaryngology.Some of these theories and techniques continue to be used in clinics today, while others have fallen into disuse.Otolaryngology has developed rapidly in modern biomedicine, and many of its diagnostic and treatment methods have been integrated into TCM otolaryngology.Knowledge of both the traditional theories and modern technology, as well as sufficient clinical experience are necessary for a comprehensive understanding of otolaryngology.This text describes the contemporary understanding of and treatment methods used in TCM otolaryngology.
Two important features of Chinese medicine, which are also crucial in otolaryngology, is “overall concept” and “treatment according to pattern differentiation.” The overall concept is the complete understanding of the relationship between the ears, nose, pharynx, larynx, and oral cavity with the zang-fu organs and channels.Then by synthesizing both local and general signs and symptoms, strategies aimed at restoring balance to the body can be obtained through pattern differentiation.
Biomedical disease terms were used in this book with the corresponding Chinese terms in parenthesis for easy comparison.Diagrams are provided to convey a concise overview of the cause of each disease and its pathological development.For each illness, treatment methods according to the signs and symptoms lead into the recommended formulas and medicinals.The formulas in the text were selected based on the clinical experience of TCM doctors.Dosages should be adjusted according to actual clinical circumstances.
I believe the contents of this text are appropriate for students, doctors, patients and other readers in Europe and the United States.The attached DVD provides video and images of commonly used diagnostic methods, and photos of otolaryngology illnesses.These visual aids will assist readers in their learning.
Lastly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Ma Hua-an, Shen Qi , Charlie Y.Chuang and Frances M.Lee for the huge amount of work they contributed to the translating and editing of this book.Yan Dao-nanMay 2012Table of ContentsIntroduction 1.TCM Otolaryngology and Stomatology Was Born in the Period from Remote Sntiquity to the Spring and Autumn Period (before 476 B.C.).2.TCM Otolaryngology and Stomatology Developed Significantly from the Warring States Period to the Sui Dynasty (476 B.C. to 618 A.D.).3.TCM Otolaryngology and Stomatology Began to Mature during the Tang Dynasty (618 A.D.-907A.D.).4.After the Tang Dynasty, TCM Otolaryngology and Stomatology Continued to Develop Quickly.5.Laryngology Has Flourished Since the Mid-Qing Dynasty (1644 A.D.–1911 A.D.).6.Modern Chinese Otolaryngology and Stomatology.Part 1 Otology Chapter I IntroductionChapter 2 Diseases of the EarPart 2 Rhinology Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 2 Diseases of the NosePart 3 Pharyngology Chaoter I IntroductionChapter 2 Diseases of the PharynxPart 4 Laryngology Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 2 Diseases of the LarynxPart 5 Stomatology Chapter 1 IntroductionChapter 2 Diseases of the Oral CavityIntroduction
Otolaryngology and stomatology are clinical specialties in traditional Chinese medicine, and include physiology, pathology, disease processes, diagnostics, pattern differentiation, therapeutic principles and preventive care, as well as the related historical literature.There is a long history of otolaryngology and stomatology in Chinese medicine.1.TCM Otolaryngology and Stomatology Was Born in the Period from Remote Sntiquity to the Spring and Autumn Period (before 476 B.C.).
Oracle Bone Inscriptions from the Yin/Shang Dynasty (about 1600-1046 BC) include writings on diseases of the ear, nose, throat, tongue, teeth and oral cavity.
During the Western Zhou Dynasty (1050-771 BC), Book of Rites (Lĭ Jì,礼记) described “a disorder that sounds like modern allergic rhinitis (qiú tì, 鼽嚏)”.Zuo’s Commentary (Zuŏ Zhuàn,左传) includes a reference to deafness, and Mountain and Sea Classics (Shān Hăi Jīng, 山海经) recorded medicines to be used to treat diseases of the ear, nose and throat.Silk manuscripts that included the medical text Formulas for Fifty-two Diseases (Wŭ Shí Èr Bìng Fāng, 五十二病方) were unearthed in 1973 in the Mawangdui tombs from the Han Dynasty (206-220 AD) near Changsha.These manuscripts belong to the Spring and Autumn Period of literature, and include more than 20 references to otolaryngology and over 10 symptoms in a text of more than 170 ancient Chinese characters.One example connects ear and throat disease to channel theory, “Deficiency of warming yang in the legs [leads to]...deafness and pain around the ear.”2.TCM Otolaryngology and Stomatology Developed Significantly from the Warring
States Period to the Sui Dynasty (476 B.C.to 618 A.D.).
In this period The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic (Huáng Dì Nèi Jīng, 黄帝内经) described the physiology of the ear, nose, throat and oral cavity, and the relationship of these parts with the zang-fu organs and the channels.It illustrated many theories regarding pathology and described specific diseases, establishing the foundation of TCM otolaryngology and stomatology.
Shen Nong’s Classic of the Materia Medica (Shén Nóng Bĕn Căo Jīng, 神农本草经) described medicinals in more detail.The Classic of Difficult Issues (Nàn Jīng, 难经) from the Eastern Han Dynasty in the st1 century AD described the anatomy of the ear, nose, throat and mouth, such as the relationship of the voice and lung-metal, and thhearing and the heart in the 40 difficulty.This is the source of the treatment principle, “Treat the lung for deafness and the heart for nasal congestion.” Treatise on Cold Damage (Shāng Hán Lùn, 伤寒论) by Zhang Zhong-jing, also from the Eastern Han Dynasty,
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