作者：圣才电子书
出版社：圣才电子书
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
2018年英语专业八级阅读理解高分特训100篇【命题分析＋答题攻略＋强化训练】试读：
第1章 英语专业八级阅读考试指南
1.1 英语专业八级教学大纲要求
《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》中对英语阅读教学内容要求规定：运用科学的测试手段，检验英语专业学生对于高级英语阅读能力和技巧的掌握，从而检查各有关院校对于大纲规定的教学内容和教学要求的完成和执行情况。能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论和书评、英语国家出版的有一定难度的历史性传记和文学作品；能分析上述题材文章的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞手法。能在5分钟内速读1，600词左右的文章，掌握文章的主旨和大意，理解事实和细节。1.2 英语专业八级考题型调整
根据最新题型调整说明，专八阅读的测试要求和测试形式均有所变化。
1．测试要求：（1）能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论和书评（2）能读懂一定难度的历史传记和文学作品，（3）能理解所读材料的主旨大意，分辨出其中的事实与细节；能理解字面意义和隐含意义；能根据所读材料进行判断和推理；能分析所读材料的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞手法。（4）能分析上述题材的文章的思想观点，通篇布局，语言技巧及修辞手法。（5）能够在阅读中根据需要自觉调整阅读速度和阅读技巧。（6）考试时间为45分钟。
2．测试形式：
本部分采用多项选择题和简答题形式，由数篇材料组成。阅读材料共长3000个单词。学生应根据所读材料内容，从每题的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，或根据问题做简短回答。共22题，其中14道多项选择题。8道简单题。
3．测试目的：
阅读理解部分测试学生通过阅读获取有关信息的能力，考核学生掌握相关阅读策略和技巧的程度。既要求准确性，也要求一定的速度。阅读速度为每分钟150个单词。
4．选材原则：（1）题材广泛，包括社会、科技、文化、经济、日常知识、人物传记等。（2）体裁多样，包括记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文、广告、说明书、图表等。（3）关键词汇基本上不超出《大纲》规定的范围。
1.3 英语专业八级阅读考试题型解读
1．试题难点
◆词汇量大
专八考试要求学生能认知9000~12000个单词，对考生的词汇量提出了很高的要求，并且有时会出现超纲词汇。
◆句子结构复杂，长句多，增加了阅读难度
例如：（2010年TEXT A）
As migrant workers, they don’t have the political clout enjoyed by, say, Kolkata’s sidewalk hawkers, who, after supposedly being scaled back at the beginning of the modernization drive, still clog the sidewalks, selling absolutely everything or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas.
◆文章篇幅较长，这就对考生快速阅读，快速获取有用信息提出了很高的要求
例如：2010年TEXT A中文章字数总共1338，学生要在有限的时间内将全文全部读，显然是不可能的。这就需要考生掌握一定的阅读方法和解题技巧。
2．常见题型分析
专业八级阅读理解多项选择题部分常见的考题类型主要有以下几种：（1）主旨题
测试考生对整篇短文的理解。文章的主题思想就是作者通过文章所要表达的观点、感情和思想等。主题思想往往是通过文章中各部分内容及其内在联系体现出来的，通常由一个或两个句子来表达，这类题目的解题关键在于文章的第一段和最后一段。
考点设置包括主题思想、文章写作目的、文章主要话题、文章标题等。
例如：24. A suitable title for the passage would be _____. （2006年TEXT C）
A. Campaigning on the Indian frontier
B. Why the Pathans resented the British rule
C. The popularity of rifles among the Pathans
D. The Pathans at war
答案选A。这道题要求给短文选合适的标题，这就要涉及到全文的内容。文章开篇对印度边境的地理状况进行了描写，接着描述了边境上帕坦人的生活，第二段介绍了这里的人们对英国引入的来复枪的欢迎，最后一段写到殖民者修路对这里的影响。可见全文都是针对帕坦人的战争生活展开的。（2）细节题
细节题是英语专业四级考试中阅读理解部分常见的题目类型。这类题是根据短文提供的信息和事实进行提问，选择的依据必须是短文本身提供的信息。做这类题的关键在于先找出每道题所包含的关键词和短语，然后再回到原文中寻找到含有关键词的原句。
例如：29. The disappearance of the old way of life was due to all the following EXCEPT _____. （2010年TEXT D）
A. fewer fishing companies
B. fewer jobs available
C. migration of young people
D. imposition of fishing quotas
答案选A。本题涉及到旧生活方式消失的原因。根据第三段第二句话可知，在1980s早期打鱼限额的负担变重，很多个体渔民将他们的配额卖掉，渔业权利落于一些渔业公司之手。可见，是打鱼限额的负担而不是渔业公司造成旧生活方式消失的，所以D项正确。做对这道题的关键就在于对原文中细节处的理解。（3）推断题
一篇文章往往不会直截了当地表明某种观点和事实，而是需要考生通过上下文的含义，推导这些观点或者事实。这类题目需要考生具备更高的阅读能力，要用更多的时间思考推断的结果，所以这类题型往往具有一定的难度。
例如：28. It can be inferred from the passage that one can get ______ of the region from the monastery. （2009年 TEXT D）
A. a narrow view
B. a hazy view
C. a distant view
D. a panoramic view
答案选D。第五段中第一句提到，那山谷立于满是树木的山峦顶部，从22493英尺高的地球上最宏伟的山脉之一延伸出来。喜马拉雅山脉最著名的佛教寺院腾布齐就在那里，它周围环境的壮阔是别的地方所不能比的。由此可推断，寺院位于高耸的山峦上。山峦上视野开阔，从寺院能看到该地区的全貌。像这类题，从原文中是不能直接找到答案的，考生必须在理解原文的基础上，做出合理的推断。（4）判断正误题
这类题型一般在四个选项中各给出一种论述或观点，这些观点多与主导信息相关联，但是其中有些是混淆性的观点和事实。
例如：12. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （2009年TEXT A）
A. The family found the city was exactly what they had expected.
B. Their friends were opposed to their holiday plan.
C. They could have been more cautious about bringing kids along.
D. They were a bit cautious about the quality of water in the city.
答案选A。由第三段首句“what we didn’t foresee was the reaction of …”可看出朋友们对我们提出了警告，即反对我们的计划，从而排除B项；由第四段中“…although we might have more prudently checked with…”可排除C项；由第五段“…we were concerned about adapting to the water for a short stay”可排除D项。第四段第三句提到“…but we found the tourist areas quite safe，very interesting and varied enough even to suit our son…”但我们却发现那些旅游景点都很安全，有趣且多样化，甚至能满足我儿子多变的要求。由此可见，这个城市与他们所预料的并不完全相同。
在解答这类题型时，一般可用排除法，将其他三项逐一排除，便可得到正确答案。（5）语义题
八级考试的测试要求考生既能理解文章字面意义，又能理解其隐含意义。所以，题目往往会涉及考生对某一词汇语义或语句含义的理解，从而考查考生是否真正读懂了文章。
例如：18. “The company spends ‘a lot of time’ on the ergonomics of its factories” （Paragraph 7） means that________. （2009年TEXT A）
A. the company attaches great importance to the layout of its factories
B. the company improves the working conditions in its factories
C. the company attempts to reduce production costs of its factories
D. the company intends to renovate its factories and update equipment
答案选B。第七段最后一句提到，这个公司在其工厂的人类工程学上花费了大量时间，让工作变得不那么让人厌倦，这样老龄化工人在那儿呆的就更久。由此可推断出原句是说把时间花在改善工作条件上，故答案为B。（6）态度语气题
一篇文章的字里行间往往流露出作者对某一问题的看法和态度，有时是直接说出，有时则是暗示，专八阅读中涉及到的观点态度的表达往往属于后者，所以需要考生在纵观全文的同时仔细地推敲文章细节，全面到位地把握作者态度。
例如：15. Which of the following adjectives best describes the author’s treatment of the topic? （2008年TEXT A）
A. Objective.
B. Positive.
C. Negative.
D. Biased.
答案选A。全文对新体制的实施带来的影响进行了描述。文章最后一句提到“这看起来像是一场闹剧，但这就是韩国的教育体制。”有此可得知作者对新体制的态度是客观的（objective），文中并没有提到作者本人对新的教育体制持肯定还是否定的态度。
以上为多项选择题的常见考题类型，根据最新题型调整说明，专八阅读新增问答题，出题思路与多项选择题大同小异，可参考以上6种考题类型。不同之处在于，考生需用10个以内单词对问题作简要回答。细节题可在文章中寻找答案，主旨题可简要概括文章中心内容，态度题可通过字里行间的意思判断作者态度，而语义题既考查学生的词汇量，又考查学生根据语境推断词义的能力，则要求考生拥有扎实的语言功底。在做简答题时，首先应认真审题，弄清楚题目所问内容，然后给出简单答案，需要注意的是，答案字数应维持在10个单词以内。
1.4 英语专业八级阅读方法
专业英语阅读考试特别强调考生的阅读速度，要提高阅读速度，正确的阅读方法是解决问题的关键。下面我们介绍一些正确的阅读方法。
1．扫读
扫读（scanning）是指以最快的速度扫视所读材料，在找到所需信息时才仔细阅读该项内容。如查找某个人名、地名、时间、地点等，也即在寻找特定信息、寻找具体事实、寻找答题所需内容时都用得着这种方法。
2．略读
略读（skimming）是指选择性地阅读。通常的阅读要求看到每一个词，每次注目看1—2个词。而略读对眼睛跳动的频率和幅度的要求较高，不需要看清每一个词，有时甚至从上一行跳到下一行。略读不可能使读者全部了解文章内容，但能大大地提高阅读速度，也能获得大量的信息。
略读的主要作用是了解文章的大意。经过略读之后，你对所读内容已经有了大致的了解，再仔细阅读，这时你的印象会更深刻，理解更透彻。略读的关键是增加眼跳的幅度，高度集中注意力，努力捕捉那些能引起注意或者你认为重要的内容。
3．研读
研读（study reading）就是指仔细阅读，通过这种阅读可以对文章有透彻深刻的理解。根据考题，运用上下文、逻辑关系、背景知识进行判断和推论。对难句的理解和推理以及一些事实性细节题需要用这种方法。
1.5 英语专业八级阅读考试解题技巧
1．浏览试题明确目标
在阅读文章之前，最好首先浏览一遍试题和题目下面的四个选项，确定题目的类型（比如说是主旨题还是细节题）。然后，再带着问题读原文，这样有目的地去阅读文章，有助于更快地找到所需要的信息。
2．找出段落的中心思想
任何阅读材料都有其大意。非小说体的阅读材料通常有比较明显的大意，其结构也比较清楚。文章的开头部分（introduction）就比较明确地指出文章的中心思想。文章主体部分的每一段也有主题句，通常在段首或段尾。文章的结尾还要对全文作一个总的概括。文章的各个段落都是为表达主旨服务的，所以只有对文章主旨有了了解，做起任何题型就都不会偏离主题了。
例如：（2007年TEXT A第一段）
It’s the latest turn in the unwinding of one of the most audacious promise of the 20th century. The promise was assured economic security—even comfort—for essentially everyone in the developed world.
本文开篇提到安然公司的倒闭使得成千员工的退休金没了着落。首段末句指出这是解读20世纪最大胆的承诺之一的最新转变。英文首段的篇章功能通常为引入主题，这里提出一个承诺，第二段首句便指出全文主旨，这个承诺就是保证发达国家中每个人的经济安全，甚至是经济上的舒适。
3．解决生词问题
提高阅读速度的一个重要内容是扩大词汇量。词汇量决定了你的阅读理解能力，词汇量越大，你阅读得越广，视野就越开阔，阅读理解的得分就可能越高。
但阅读过程中不可避免地要遇到生词。遇到生词最好的解决方法是通过上下文猜测。以下几条建议可帮助猜测词义：
◆ 通过上下文词语意义的互相联系猜测词义
例如：（2009年TEXT D）
26．Which of the following words in Paragraph One implies difficulty in walking?
A. “threaded”.
B. “dropping”.
C. “trudged”.
D. “daunting”.
答案选C。A项threaded意思是“带螺纹的”，在这可理解为“曲折延伸的”。B项dropping原意为“滴下，落下”，这里是形容地势落差之大。D项daunting原意是“令人怯步的”，在这里可理解为“险峻的”。这三个单词不一定意味着走路的困难。C项trudged意思是“艰难跋涉的，步伐沉重的走路”，暗示了行路之困难，故答案为C。
◆ 利用文章中词与词的同义或者反义关系猜测词义；
例如：（2007年TEXT A）
12．The word “centrifugal” in the second paragraph means ______.
A. separatist.
B. conventional.
C. feudal.
D. political
答案选A。本句中出现了centrifugal forces，后面的定语从句给出解题线索，既然centrifugal forces是威胁联盟理念的某种力量，那么centrifugal的含义应该与union相反，应含有“分裂的、不统一的”的意思，因此选A项的 separatist，意为“分离的”，符合题意。
◆ 通过文章中对词的定义猜测词义；
例如：Jack is now a florist, who keeps a shop for selling flowers in our district.“florist”的意思就是其后定语从句“who keeps a shop for selling flowers”所描述的“拥有一家专门卖花的商店的人”，即“花店主”。
◆ 通过文章中对词的解释和举例猜测词义；
例如：
Today young couples who are just starting their households of ten spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color TVs.
通过所举的例子（washing machines ,refrigerators and color TVs）可以看出，“appliances”应是这些名词的总称，即“家用电器”。
◆ 通过构词法知识（前缀和后缀）猜测词义。
例如：
They overestimate the interviewee’s ability and asked him many difficult questions. “estimate”是“估计”的意思，“over-”前缀意为“过分，过度，超过”等，因此“overestimate”就是“高估”的意思。
4．利用篇章连接词
篇章连接词是指在文章中用来说明上下句或前后句两个意思之间关系的词或词组。连接词一般用于以下几种情况：
◆连接词通常用于开篇，引出扩展句；
◆连接词也可用于句中，尤其是用于较长的复杂句子中，以作为上下文的连接纽带；
◆连接词还可以用于文章结尾处或者段末，用于总结上文或结束本段内容。
在阅读过程中，如果我们能够利用这些连接词，便能快速理清文章的思路，这就在一定程度上提高了英语的阅读效率。
常见的连接词通常可以用来表示以下几种关系：
◆表示平行或递进关系
and, also, as well（as）,at the same time, besides, both...and...,further more, in addition（to）,likewise, moreover, similarly, worse still等。
在阅读过程中，当看到其中的任何一个连接词时，应该想到：下文将出现与前边差不多的、同类性质的内容，或是对前面内容的进一步阐述。
◆表示转折关系
although, but, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, otherwise, to the opposite, while, yet等。
这些词表明作者正在向读者发出一种信号，下文所述的将是一种全新的或是相反的内容、见解和观点，需要引起读者的格外注意。在阅读过程中，当碰到其中任何一个表示转折关系的连接词时，应该放慢阅读速度，多留心下文在意义上的变化。
◆表示目的或因果关系：
as, as a result, because（of）, consequently, due to, for, now that, since, so, so...that..., such...that..., therefore, thus等。
在阅读过程中，这些连接词也是帮助读者理解作者行文思路的有用信号。
◆表示层次、顺序关系
after（that）, another, before, first（ly）, second（ly）, third（ly）, at last, finally, later on, next, then, on the one hand..., on the other hand等。
抓住这些连接词，读者能快速地把握作者的行文思路。比如：first, second, third, finally等词，表明了一种顺序，读者能通过它们迅速从大体上理清文章的脉络。
◆表示列举关系
for example, for instance, for one thing, for another, such as等。
在阅读过程中，当碰到其中任何一个时，应该明白，作者在下文将举出一个类似情形的事例。而往往这些事例都是为前面的陈述做进一步解释或论证的。
◆表示归纳、总结
as a result, briefly, in a word, in brief, in short, on the whole, to sum up等。
作者通过这些连接词给读者一种暗示，下面的内容将是对前面所述内容的概括或总结。
掌握了这些连接词的使用特点，将有助于读者对全文脉络有个清晰的把握，对提高阅读速度和效率都有很大的帮助。
5．广泛阅读
在平时要多读些原文的杂志、名著、通俗的文学作品，多读外文期刊杂志如新闻周刊、纽约时报，经济学家，国家地理等，提高词汇量，培养语感。还可以适量做一些GRE阅读，这些对考试都会有很大帮助。专八备考时要尽量选用内容新、有意义，可读性较强的文章。在实际的出题过程中，各种题材，各种常用文体的文章都可能使用到，因此考生在平时的阅读练习中要广泛阅读，尽量多地接触各种类型的文章、题材不要受自己的兴趣及爱好的影响，对于那些自己平时不感兴趣的或自认为较难的题材，更要广泛地操练，这样才能做好充分的准备。
第2章 英语专业八级基础阅读篇
人物记述类（Passage 1～6）
Passage 1
题材：人物记述类 字数：517 建议用时：5分钟
Mr. Duffy raised his eyes from the paper and gazed out of his window on the cheerless craning landscape. The river lay quiet beside the empty distillery and from time to time a light appeared in some house on Lucan Road. What an end! The whole narrative of her death revolted him and it revolted him to think that he had ever spoken to her of what he held sacred. The cautious words of a reporter won over to conceal the details of a commonplace vulgar death attacked his stomach. Not merely had she degraded herself; she had degraded him. His soul’s companion! He thought of the hobbling wretches whom he had seen carrying cans and bottles to be filled by the barman. Just God, what an end! Evidently she had been unfit to live, without any strength of purpose, an easy prey to habits, one of the wrecks on which civilization has been reared. But that she could have sunk so low! Was it possible he had deceived himself so utterly about her? He remembered her outburst of that night and interpreted it in a harsher sense than he had ever done. He had no difficulty now in approving of the course he had taken.
As the light failed and his memory began to wander he thought her hand touched his. The shock which bad first attacked his stomach was now attacking his nerves. He put on his overcoat and hat quickly and went out. The cold air met him on the threshold; it crept into the sleeves of his coat. When he came to the public house at Chapel Bridge he went in and ordered a hot punch.
The proprietor served him obsequiously but did not venture to talk. There were five or six working-men in the shop discussing the value of a gentleman’s estate in County Kildare. They drank at intervals from their huge pint tumblers, and smoked, spitting often on the floor and sometimes dragging the sawdust over their heavy boots. Mr. Duffy sat on his stool and gazed at them, without seeing or hearing them. After a while they went out and he called for another punch. He sat a long time over it. The shop was very quiet. The proprietor sprawled on the counter reading the newspaper and yawning. Now and again a tram was heard swishing along the lonely road outside.
As he sat there, living over his life with her and evoking alternately the two images in which he now conceived her, he realized that she was dead, that she had ceased to exist, that she had become a memory, lie began to feel ill at ease. He asked himself what else could he have done. He could not have lived with her openly. He had done what seemed to him best. How was he to blame? Now that she was gone he understood how lonely her life must have been, sitting night after night alone in that room. His life would be lonely too until he, too, died, ceased to exist, became a memory—if anyone remembered him.
1．Mr. Duffy’s immediate reaction to the report of the woman’s death was that of _____.
A. disgust
B. guilt
C. grief
D. compassion
2．It can be inferred from the passage that the reporter wrote about the woman’s death in a _____ manner.
A. detailed
B. provocative
C. discreet
D. sensational
3．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Mr. Duffy once confided in the woman.
B. Mr. Duffy felt an intense sense of shame.
C. The woman wanted to end the relationship.
D. They became estranged probably after a quarrel.
4．What is Mr. Duffy’s mood we can infer from the last paragraph?【答案及解析】
1．A 文章第一段第三、四句提到“What an end! The whole narrative of her death revolted him and it revolted him to think that he had ever spoken to her of what he held sacred.”，表明他对她死亡的报道感到厌恶，因此本题选A。
2．C 文章第一段第五句提到“The cautious words of a reporter won over to conceal the details of a commonplace vulgar death attacked his stomach.”，由此可见记者用词谨慎，故答案选C。
3．C 文章第一段第四句提到“he had ever spoken to her of what he held sacred.”，排除A；第六句提到“Not merely had she degraded herself; she had degraded him”说明他感到自己收到了侮辱；倒数第二句又提到“He remembered her outburst of that night and interpreted it in a harsher sense than he had ever done.”可推断出二人应该发生过争吵，全文没有提及这个女人想要结束友谊的事情，因此正确答案是C。
4．Fretful 根据题干可定位到文章最后一段，其中提到他为她的死感到难过，也意识到她生前有多孤独，而他也将孤独至死，据此可推断可知他是苦恼的。
Passage 2
题材：人物记述类 字数：583 建议用时：6分钟
The law firm Patrick worked for before he died filed for bankruptcy protection a year after his funeral. After his death, the firm's letterhead properly included him: Patrick S. Lanigan, 1954-1992. He was listed up in the right-hand corner, just above the paralegals. Then the rumors got started and wouldn't stop. Before long, everyone believed he had taken the money and disappeared. After three months, no one on the Gulf Coast believed that he was dead. His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up.
The remaining partners in the law firm were still together, attached unwillingly at the hip by the bondage of mortgages and the bank notes, back when they were roiling and on the verge of serious wealth. They had been joint defendants in several unwinnable lawsuits; thus the bankruptcy. Since Patrick's departure, they had tried every possible way to divorce one another, but nothing would work. Two were raging alcoholics who drank at the office behind locked doors, but never together. The other two were in recovery, still teetering on the brink of sobriety.
He took their money. Their millions. Money they had already spent long before it arrived, as only lawyers can do. Money for their richly renovated office building in downtown Biloxi. Money for new homes, yachts, condos in the Caribbean. The money was on the way, approved, the papers signed, orders entered; they could see it, almost touch it when their dead partner Patrick—snatched it at the last possible second.
He was dead. They buried him on February 11, 1992. They had consoled the widow and put his rotten name on their handsome letterhead. Yet six weeks later, he somehow stole their money.
They had brawled over who was to blame. Charles Bogan, the firm's senior partner and its iron hand, had insisted the money be wired from its source into a new account offshore, and this made sense after some discussion. It was ninety million bucks, a third of which the firm would keep, and it would be impossible to hide that kind of money in Biloxi, population fifty thousand. Someone at the bank would talk. Soon everyone would know. All four vowed secrecy, even as they made plans to display as much of their new wealth as possible. There had even been talk of a firm jet, a six-seater.
So Bogan took his share of the blame. At forty-nine, he was the oldest of the four, and, at the moment, the most stable. He was also responsible for hiring Patrick nine years earlier, and for this he had received no small amount of grief.
Doug Vitrano, the litigator, had made the fateful decision to recommend Patrick as the fifth partner. The other three had agreed, and when Patrick Lanigan was added to the firm name, he.had access to virtually every file in the office. Bogan, Rapley, Vitrano, Havarac, and Lanigan, Attorneys and Counselors-at-Law. A large ad in the yellow pages claimed "Specialists in Offshore Injuries." Specialists or not, like most firms they would take almost anything if the fees were lucrative. Lots of secretaries and paralegals. Big overhead, and the strongest political connections on the Coast.
They were all in their mid-to late forties. Havarac had been raised by his father on a shrimp boat. His hands were still proudly calloused, and he dreamed of choking Patrick until his neck snapped. Rapley was severely depressed and seldom left his home, where he wrote briefs in a dark office in the attic.
1．What happened to the four remaining lawyers after Patrick's disappearance?
A. They all wanted to divorce their wives.
B. They were all heavily involved in debts.
C. They were all recovering from drinking.
D. They had bought new homes, yachts, etc.
2．Which of the following statements contains a metaphor?
A. His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up.
B. ...they could see it, almost touch it when their dead partner...
C. ..., attached unwillingly at the hip by the bondage of mortgages.
D. ...and for this he had received no small amount of grief.
3．The lawyers were described as being all the following EXCEPT _____.
A. greedy
B. extravagant
C. quarrelsome
D. had-tempered
4．Which of the following implies a contrast?
A. ..., and it would be impossible to hide that kind of money in Biloxi, population fifty thousand.
B. They had been joint defendants in several unwinnable lawsuits; thus the bankruptcy.
C. There had even been talk of a firm jet, a six-seater.
D. His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up.
5．According to the passage, what is the main cause of Patrick stealing the money?【答案及解析】
1．B 文章第二段第一句指出“The remaining partners in the law firm were still together, attached unwillingly at the hip by the bondage of mortgages and the bank notes, back when they were roiling and on the verge of serious wealth.”，其中“mortgage”和“bank notes”对应选项B中的debts，结合题目可知B为正确答案。
2．C 本题考察隐喻（metaphor），选项C中the bondage of mortgages将mortgages比作bondage，属于隐喻。
3．D 由文章第三段第四句中的“richly renovated office building in downtown Biloxi. Money for new homes, yachts, condos in the Caribbean.”可以说明这些律师很奢侈，B描述正确；由第五段第一句中的“They had brawled over who was to blame.”可知他们很爱争吵，故C描述正确；再由倒数第二段中倒数第三句中的“like most firms they would take almost anything if the fees were lucrative.”可知律师很贪婪，A描述正确，D项在文章中没有体现。故结合题目正确答案是D。
4．D 选项D中的“came off”和“piled up”意思相反，存在对比，故本题答案选D。
5．Patrick had access to all the files in the firm. 文章倒数第二段第二句中指出“Patrick Lanigan was added to the firm name, he.had access to virtually every file in the office.”，由此可得出答案。
Passage 3
题材：人物记述类 字数：591 建议用时：5分钟
The fox really exasperated them both. As soon as they had let the fowls out, in the early summer mornings, they had to take their guns and keep guard; and then again as soon as evening began to mellow, they must go once more. And he was so sly. He slid along in the deep grass; he was difficult as a serpent to see. And he seemed to circumvent the girls deliberately. Once or twice March had caught sight of the white tip of his brush, or the ruddy shadow of him in the deep grass, and she had let fire at him. But he made no account of this.
The trees on the wood-edge were a darkish, brownish green in the full light—for it was the end of August. Beyond, the naked, copper like shafts and limbs of the pine trees shone in the air. Nearer the rough grass, with its long, brownish stalks all agleam, was full of light. The fowls were round about—the ducks were still swimming on the pond under the pine trees. March looked at it all, saw it all, and did not see it. She heard Banford speaking to the fowls in the distance—-and she did not hear. What was she thinking about? Heaven knows. Her consciousness was,as it were, held back.
She lowered her eyes, and suddenly saw the fox. He was looking
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