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中山大学国际翻译学院357英语翻译基础[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解试读：
2010年中山大学国际翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
PART Ⅰ VOCABULARY [60 MIN] (1×30=30 POINTS)
SECTION A ENGLISH TO CHINESE [30 MIN]
Translate the following English terms into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.
1. CIF【答案】到岸价格
2. Dow Jones Industrial Average【答案】道琼斯工业平均指数
3. The Renaissance【答案】文艺复兴
4. meteor storm【答案】流星雨风暴
5. intangible asset【答案】无形资产
6. insurance policy【答案】保险单
7. immune system disorders【答案】免疫系统紊乱
8. exchange rate【答案】汇率
9. fiscal deficit【答案】财政赤字
10. Silicon Valley【答案】硅谷
11. brain drain【答案】人才流失
12. Oedipus complex【答案】恋母情结
13. Force Majeure【答案】不可抗力
14. multilateral cooperation【答案】多边合作
15. epidemic disease【答案】传染病，流行病
SECTION B CHINESE TO ENGLISH [30 MIN]
Translate the following Chinese terms into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.
1. 半导体【答案】semiconductor
2. 知识产权【答案】intellectual property rights
3. 酸雨【答案】acid rain
4. 人均国内生产总值【答案】per capita GDP
5. 外资企业【答案】foreign-invested enterprises
6. 自由撰稿人【答案】a free-lance writer
7. 温室效应【答案】greenhouse effect
8. 贸易顺差【答案】trade surplus
9. 货币贬值【答案】currency devaluation
10. 高血压【答案】hypertension
11. 违约责任【答案】liability for breach of contract
12. 可再生能源【答案】renewable energy
13. 主权国家【答案】a sovereign state
14. 扩大内需【答案】boost domestic demand
15. 民意调查【答案】public opinion poll/survey
PART Ⅱ Translation [120 MIN] (2×60=120 POINTS)
SECTION A ENGLISH TO CHINESE [60 MIN]
Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.The Literature of Knowledge and the Literature of Power (Excerpt)By Thomas de Quincy
What is it that we mean by literature? Popularly, and amongst the thoughtless, it is held to include everything that is printed in a book. Little logic is required to disturb that definition. The most thoughtless person is easily made aware that in the idea of literature one essential element is some relation to a general and common interest of man—so that what applies only to a local, or professional, or merely personal interest, even though presenting itself in the shape era book, will not belong to Literature. So far the definition is easily narrowed; and it is as easily expanded. For not only is much that takes a station in books not literature; but inversely, much that really is literature never reaches a station in books. The weekly sermons of Christendom, that vast pulpit literature which acts so extensively upon the popular mind—to warn, to uphold, to renew, to comfort, to alarm—does not attain the sanctuary of libraries in the ten-thousandth part of its extent. The Drama gain—as, for instance, the finest of Shakespeare’s plays in England, and an leading Athenian plays in the noontide of the Attic stage—operated as a literature on the public mind, and were (according to the strictest letter of that term) published through the audiences that witnessed their representation some time before they were published as things to be read; and they were published in this scenical mode of publication with much more effect than they could have had as books during ages of costly copying or of costly printing.【参考译文一】知识之文学与力量之文学（节选）托马斯·德·昆西
我们所谓文学是指什么？对一般人，尤其是对那些懒于思考的人而言，文学即印入书本的一切。无需借用逻辑我们就可推翻这一定义。即便最愚笨的人也可轻易使他明白，文学的一个本质就在于它对人类普遍、共同问题的关注，因此，那些仅着眼于局部、职业、或只属个人兴趣的文字，纵使凭借了书本的形式，也不可妄称文学。这样，文学就被框定在一个较窄范围之内。不过，它的定义如要拓宽一二，也很容易。许多依凭书本的文字称不上文学，反之，很多真正属于文学的东西也从未以书本的形式存在过。基督教会每周的布道文，那些广泛而深远地影响着公众心智，对其或规劝、或弘扬、或重申、或宽慰、或警示的数不胜数的文稿，它们在图书馆的圣殿中所占位置也不过其万分之一。再看戏剧，以英国莎翁最杰出的剧作及雅典鼎盛时期所有的经典剧目为例，这些作品在公众心目中无疑堪称文学，但在刊印出来供人阅读之前，它们实际上就已通过观众“发表”了（从最严格的意义上讲，“发表”就是“引起公众注意或公开展示”）。也许，舞台表演在版权和印刷都极为昂贵的那个时代要比书本具有更大的影响。【参考译文二】
何谓文学？少思虑者常云，凡付梓者皆为文学。拂乱此说无需吹灰之力。无所用心者易轻信，以为文学必迎合大众之嗜好。若此，则仅为个人所喜好、术业所专攻之文献刊行与否均非文学。此解易扩易缩。且不说书海浩淼，无文思之作比比皆是；反之，精彩文词亦多有流散，未及刊行。基督教界之布道七日一讲，语教徒以告诫、以支持、以复兴、以安慰、以警告。其虽数量弥多、深入人心，堪称讲道坛上之文学，然善藏于书库者犹不及千分之十。西方戏剧起文学之效力，先于观众间刊行（据“刊行”之义），然后付梓；其佼佼者有英国莎翁之力作及雅典戏剧鼎盛期之巨作。值印费高昂之时，付诸戏台比刊印成书更为佳美。
SECTION B CHINESE TO ENGLISH [60 MIN]
Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.
制药行业的全球化与人们的日常生活密切相关，在改善人类健康和与疾病的斗争中，也扮演着不可替代的角色。AAA公司就是该行业的一个典范，它是全世界最具声望的公司之一。我认为，AAA公司之所以如此令人瞩目和受人尊敬，原因是多方面的，其中固然包括它卓越的科研成就和出色的业务表现。然而，AAA胜人一筹、脱颖而出的真正原因在于该公司多年来一直非常重视社会责任和环境保护，并在这方面投入了大量的人力物力。【参考译文】
Globalization of the pharmaceutical industry is closely related to people’s daily lives, and plays an irreplaceable role in the struggle with diseases and in improving human health. In my opinion, AAA Company is a successful model of this industry, and one of the most prestigious companies in the world. AAA is impressive and respected for many reasons, which of course include its excellent scientific achievements and outstanding business performances. However, the true reason why AAA stands out is because the company has been attaching great importance to social responsibility and environmental protection for many years, and has been putting a great deal of manpower and resources in this regard.
2011年中山大学国际翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
PART Ⅰ VOCABULARY [60 MIN] (1×30=30 POINTS)
SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH [30 MIN]
Translate the following Chinese terms into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. 多边合作【答案】multilateral cooperation
2. 可持续发展【答案】sustainable development
3. 试行阶段【答案】the pilot phase
4. 应急计划【答案】emergency plan
5. 污水处理【答案】sewage treatment
6. 全球变暖【答案】global warming
7. 新闻发布会【答案】press conference
8. 市场占有率【答案】market shares
9. 研发中心【答案】Research and Development Center
10. 跨国犯罪【答案】transnational crime
11. 企业文化【答案】enterprise culture
12. 八国峰会【答案】G8 summit
13. 数字鸿沟【答案】digital divide
14. 毒品贩运【答案】drug trafficking
15. 国有企业【答案】state-owned enterprise
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE [30 MIN]
Translate the following English terms into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. brand loyalty【答案】品牌忠诚度
2. due diligence【答案】尽职调查
3. corporate governance【答案】企业治理
4. code of conduct【答案】行为准则
5. corporate social responsibility【答案】企业社会责任
6. market positioning【答案】市场定位
7. proliferation of weapons of mass destruction【答案】大规模杀伤性武器扩散
8. cradle of human civilization【答案】人类文明的摇篮
9. global sourcing【答案】全球采购
10. anti-dumping measures【答案】反倾销措施
11. HSBC【答案】汇丰银行
12. time to market【答案】上市时间
13. carbon trading【答案】碳交易
14. alternative energy【答案】非传统能源
15. deforestation【答案】砍伐森林
PART Ⅱ Translation [120 MIN] (2×60=120 POINTS)
SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH [60 MIN]
Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
广交会品牌展区是鼓励和引导企业转变外贸发展方式的重要示范平台。为进一步优化出口产品结构，推动外贸企业转型，本届广交会重新开展了品牌展区企业评审和品牌展位安排工作，并对品牌展区作适度扩容，设展位数10447个，占总展位数的18.6%。共有1442家企业进入品牌展区，比上一届增加77家。此外，本届还在细化优化展览现场服务、完善参展商和采购商个性化服务、提升餐饮服务水平、强化对特装布展施工单位的资质认证及现场管理等方面做了改进和完善。来自法国、美国、丹麦、芬兰、日本、新西兰等6个国家的11家跨国企业将进驻广交会跨国采购服务区。【参考译文】
Brand Gallery of the Canton Fair serves as an important platform to encourage and lead the enterprises to change the mode of foreign trade development. To further optimize the structure of export products and promote the transformation of foreign trade enterprises, the assessment of exhibitors and the arrangement of the Brand Gallery is re-launched at this session. Moderate expansion of the Brand Gallery is also made. It accommodates 10,447 stands totally, taking up 18.6% of the total stands. There are 1,442 enterprises in the Gallery, 77 more than that of the last session. In addition, the Canton Fair has seen adjustments and improvements in terms of exhibition on-site services, tailored services for exhibitors and buyers, catering services, qualification authentication and on-site exhibition management of contractors of costume-built stands and etc. 11 multinationals from France, America, Denmark, Finland, Japan and New Zealand participate in the Multinational Sourcing Service of the Canton Fair.
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE [60 MIN]
Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.On Not Winning the Nobel Prize (Excerpt)By Doris Lessing
We have a treasure-house of literature, going back to the Egyptians, the Greeks, the Romans. It is all there. This wealth of literature, to be discovered again and again by whoever is lucky enough to come upon it. A treasure. Suppose it did not exist. How impoverished, how empty we would be.
We own a legacy of languages, poems, histories, and it is not one that will ever be exhausted. It is there, always.
We have a bequest of stories, tales from the old storytellers, some of whose names we know, but some not The storytellers go back and back, to a clearing in the forest where a great fire burns, and the old shamans dance and sing, for our heritage of stories began in fire, magic, the spirit world. And that is where it is held, today.
The storyteller is deep inside every one of us. The story-maker always with us. Let us suppose our world is ravaged by war, by the horrors that we all of us easily imagine. Let us suppose floods wash through our cities, the seas rise. But the storyteller will be there, for it is our imaginations which shapes us, keep us, create us-for good and for ill. It is our stories that will recreate us, when we are torn, hurt even destroyed. It is the storyteller, the dream-maker, the myth-maker, that is our phoenix, which represents us at our best, and at our most creative.【参考译文】论没有获得诺贝尔奖（节选）多丽丝·莱辛
我们拥有一个文学的宝库，它的历史可以追溯至埃及人、希腊人和罗马人的时期。那些幸运儿一次又一次地发现了这份固有的文学财富。假设这份财富并不存在的话，我们的生活将变得多么地贫乏，我们的人生又将多么空虚。
语言，诗歌，历史，这些都是我们所拥有的前人的馈赠。这份遗产取之不尽，亘久永存。
古代的作家们留给了我们许多故事，这些人的名字有的为人们所知，有的却湮没在历史之中。最早的作家们出现在燃烧着巨大篝火的林中空地上：在那里，年迈的萨满巫师载歌载舞。我们现今所拥有的这些流传下来的故事正是从火焰、巫术和精神世界中起始的，那儿也是它们被保留传承下来的地方。
这些作家深藏在我们每一个人的心中。故事的创造者们始终与我们相随。假设我们的世界因为战争而荒芜，因为我们所有人都能轻易想到的种种恐怖而被毁灭，假设洪水肆虐过我们的城市，海平面不断上升——即便如此，我们也总是能找到讲故事的人。这是因为正是我们的想象力塑造了我们自身，让我们得以坚持自我并创造新的自己——无论是好的方面还是不好的方面。而在我们心灵破碎、备受伤害甚至濒临毁灭的时候，正是那些作品重新将我们凝结成型。这些讲故事的人为我们创造了梦想，缔造了神话，他们就像是浴火重生的不死鸟，代表着我们最优秀和最具创造力的那一部分。
2012年中山大学国际翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
PART Ⅰ VOCABULARY [60 MIN] (1×30=30 POINTS)
SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH [30 MIN]
Translate the following Chinese terms into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. 中小企业【答案】small- and medium-sized enterprises
2. 洗钱【答案】money laundering
3. 人民币升值【答案】appreciation of the RMB
4. 次贷危机【答案】subprime mortgage crisis
5. 水土流失【答案】soil and water loss
6. 贸易顺差【答案】trade surplus
7. 企业社会责任【答案】Corporate Social Responsibility
8. 主权信用评级【答案】sovereign credit rating
9. 贩卖人口【答案】human trafficking
10. 美国驻华大使【答案】American Ambassador to China
11. 温室效应【答案】greenhouse effect
12. 投资回报率【答案】ROI (=return on investment)
13. 供应链【答案】supply chain
14. 劳动密集型产业【答案】labor-intensive industry
15. 防止核扩散条约【答案】Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE [30 MIN]
Translate the following English terms into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. capital chain【答案】资金链
2. humanitarian intervention【答案】人道主义干涉
3. credit facilities【答案】信贷措施
4. exclusive interview【答案】专访
5. clean governance【答案】廉洁治理
6. poll【答案】民意测验；选举投票
7. double-dip recession【答案】二次衰退
8. the State Council【答案】国务院
9. debt limit【答案】债务限额
10. a Palestinian proposal to apply for statehood【答案】巴勒斯坦建国提案
11. social security【答案】社会保障
12. an earthquake of 9.0 magnitude on the Richter Scale【答案】里氏九级地震
13. a cease-fire agreement【答案】停火协定
14. oil leak【答案】漏油
15. organizing committee【答案】组织委员会
PART Ⅱ Translation [120 MIN] (2×60=120 POINTS)
SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH [60 MIN]
Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.
中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路。我们立足于自身发展，不搞侵略扩张，不搞以邻为壑，更不会走“国强必霸”的传统大国崛起的老路，而是真诚希望与世界各国和平共处，共同发展。我们不追求自己的利益最大化，而将认真实行互利共赢的开放战略。我们将继续为发展中国家提供力所能及的帮助，在平等互利的基础上与发达国家发展合作。当前，西方国家遇到一些困难，我们没有袖手旁观，而是尽可能提供支持，因为在全球化的时代，帮助别人就是帮助自己，合作是我们的唯一选择。【参考译文】
China firmly commits to the path of peaceful development. Our focus is on our own development. We will not repeat the beaten track of the rising powers in the past. And invasion, expansion, beggar-thy-neighbor policy and hegemony are not our options. Rather, we sincerely hope for peaceful coexistence and common development with all the countries in the world. We do not seek to maximize our own interests at the expense of others, but rather will carry out a win-win, opening-up strategy. We will continue to do what we can to help developing countries and, on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, work collaboratively with developed countries. As we speak, some western countries have run into certain difficulties. Instead of standing by and blaming others, we have given as much support as we could. Why is that? Because in a globalized world, helping others is helping ourselves and cooperation is our only choice.
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE [60 MIN]
Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
All parents damage their children. It cannot be helped. Youth, like pristine glass, absorbs the prints of its handlers. Some parents smudge, others crack, a few shatter childhoods completely into jagged little pieces, beyond repair. Parents rarely let go of their children, so children let go of them. They move on. They move away. The moments that used to define them—a mother’s approval, a father’s nod—are covered by moments of their own accomplishments. It is not until much later, as the skin sags and the heart weakens, that children understand; their stories, and all their accomplishments, sit atop the stories of their mothers and fathers, stones upon stones, beneath the waters of their lives. Though it all, despite it all, Eddie privately adored his old man, because sons will adore their fathers through even the worst behavior. It is how they learn devotion. Before he can devote himself to God or a woman, a boy will devote himself to his father, even foolishly, even beyond explanation.【参考译文】
所有的父母都会伤害到孩子。谁都没有办法。孩子就像一只洁净的玻璃杯，拿过它的人会在上面留下手印。有些父母把杯子弄脏，有些父母把杯子弄裂，还有少数父母将孩子的童年摧毁成不可收拾的碎片。父母们很少会对他们的孩子放手，所以，孩子就对他们的父母放手。他们向前走。他们向远处走。那些曾经让他们感到自身价值的东西——母亲的赞同，父亲的点头——都已经被他们自己取得的成绩所替代。直到很久以后，他们的皮肤变得松垂了，心脏变得衰弱了。那时他们才会明白：他们的故事和他们所有的成就，都是基于父母的经历建立起来的，就像生命之河里的石头—层层叠叠。尽管如此，艾迪依然默默地崇拜他的父亲。儿子们永远崇拜他们的父亲，甚至连最恶劣的行为也能够容忍。他们就是这样学会奉献的。虽然愚蠢，虽
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