雅思周计划——词汇(第二版)(txt+pdf+epub+mobi电子书下载)


发布时间:2020-06-23 09:46:10

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作者:李秋

出版社:中国人民大学出版社

格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT

雅思周计划——词汇(第二版)

雅思周计划——词汇(第二版)试读:

前言

雅思考试的三个突出特点:

第一,新旧结合。雅思考试每次的题目都是由一部分以往的旧题目和一部分新题目组成的。其中听力中的4个Sections 基本上是“3旧+1新”或者“2旧+ 2新”,写作则有80% 的题目是以前老题目的改写甚至是原题重现,阅读则采用题库制,通常新旧文章的比例是“2旧+1新”或“1旧+2新”,口语则集中考查8大类常见的话题。

第二,同义替换。同义替换是雅思考试最重要的考点和出题方式,尤其在听力和阅读部分,80%的题目中都会出现“同义替换”,写作和口语中同样要求考生的表达要体现用词丰富的特点。

第三,话题分类。雅思考试虽然每次会有新的题目出现,但常考的话题类别是基本不变的,每次考试的材料内容都是围绕着常考的一些话题类别展开。

针对雅思考试的上述三个特点,本书的核心内容如下:

第一部分:真题词汇。精选历次雅思听力、口语、阅读和写作中已考的词汇和Cambridge IELTS 1—10中的核心词汇,并且配有和考试密切相关的词组、例句、同义词和反义词。

第二部分:分类词汇。分别根据场景或题材对雅思听力、口语、阅读和写作中涉及的话题进行专项词汇分类讲解,方便考生按类别连锁记忆。

本书的独特之处:

第一,真题例句。书中全部例句均来源于Cambridge IELTS 1—10,并已标明在真题中的具体出处。

第二,同反义词。本书专门设计了“同义词”和“反义词”栏目,从而与雅思考试中“同义替换”的考点紧密结合。

第三,外教朗读。帮助考生“有声记忆”,使考生不仅能够看懂,而且可以做到“能听,会说”,全方位提高英语水平。

第四,三周计划。本书为考生制定了科学的“三周备考计划”,帮助考生“有规划、高效率”地准备雅思考试。

特别说明:

特别需要说明的是,本书是目前唯一一本把“真题词汇”、“常用词组”、“真题例句”、“同反义词”、“话题分类”和“外教朗读”相结合的雅思词汇书,真正帮助考生实现“组合记忆”、“连锁记忆”和“有声记忆”。李秋 Day1-15  第一部分雅思真题词汇大纲Word List 1A

aback [ə'bæk] adv.向后地;吃惊【词组】be taken aback(帆船)突遇逆风;吓了一跳【真题】I was taken aback.我大吃一惊。(C4-27-7)[1]

abandon [ə'bændən] vt.放弃,遗弃 n.放任【真题】He soon abandoned the subject,however,only returning to it some years later.但是他很快放弃了这个主题,只是多年之后才重拾旧题。(C5-38-21)

abdomen ['æbdəmən,æb'dəumən] n.腹,腹部【真题】Under a microscope,several fish scales can be seen in the abdomen of the specimen—the remains of the pterosaur’s last meal.透过显微镜,在标本的腹部,可以看到翼龙最后的食物残余是几条鱼。(C6-123-36)

abide [ə'baid] vt.遵守;忍受【词组】abide by遵守……,依从……【同义词】conform [kən'fɔ:m] vt.使遵守,使顺从 obey [ə'bei] v.服从,顺从

ability [ə'biliti] n.能力,本领'【同义词】capability [keipə'biliti] n.能力 talent ['tælənt] n.才能

abnormal [æb'nɔ:ml] adj.不正常的【反义词】normal ['nɔ:məl] adj.正常的,平常的;正规的【词组】abnormal rainfall雨水失调;abnormal phenomena异常现象

aboard [ə'bɔ:d] adv.在船(车)上,上船

abolish [ə'bɔli∫] vt.废除,取消【同义词】cancel ['kænsəl] vt.取消,删去【反义词】establish [is'tæbli∫] vt.建立,设立【词组】abolish militarism废除军国主义;abolish the old regulations取消旧的章程【真题】In the last 20 years,as internal frontiers have been abolished,the EU has moved from a‘stock’economy to a‘flow’economy.在过去的20年里,由于内部的边界已经被取消,欧盟已经从一种“库存”经济转化成“流动”经济。(C10-22-10)

abolishable [ə'bɔli∫əbl] adj.可废除的,可取消的

abolisher [ə'bɔli∫ə] n.废除者

abolition [æbə'li∫ən] n.废除,取消'

aboriginal [æbə'ridʒənəl] adj.原住民的,原始的 n.原住民,土生动植物【词组】aboriginal forests原始森林;an aboriginal language 一种土著语言【真题】I’ve been invited to talk about my research project into Australian Aboriginal rock paintings.我应邀来讲讲自己对澳大利亚原住民岩石刻画的研究项目。(C8-150-12)

abort [ə'bɔ:t] v.取消,异常中断,流产【词组】abort a fever止热;abort a project中止一个方案

abortion [ə'bɔ:∫ən] n.流产,失败,中止

abound ['baund] vi.多,大量存在,富于,充满【同义词】flourish ['flʌri∫] vi.繁荣,茂盛 prevail [pri'veil] vi.流行,盛行【词组】abound in coal and iron盛产煤和铁;abound in natural resources 自然资源丰富

abroad [ə'brɔ:d] adv.(在)国外,到处 adj.往国外的【同义词】overseas ['əuvə'si:z] adv.海外【词组】go abroad 出国;return from abroad 回国【真题】And while you’re abroad don’t make the mistake I made.当你在国外时,不要犯我曾经犯过的错误。(C10-144-9)

abrupt [ə'brʌpt] adj.突然的;陡峭的;生硬的【同义词】sudden ['sʌdn] adj.突然的,意外的 unexpeɔted ['ʌniks'pektid] adj.意想不到的,意外的【词组】an abrupt descent 陡峭的斜坡【真题】These abrupt changes will produce either positive or negative feelings.这些突然的变化会产生积极或消极的感觉。(C5-44-17)

absence ['æbsəns] n.缺席,不在场;缺乏【反义词】presence ['prezns] n.出席,到场,存在【词组】leave of absence 事假;during one’s absence 离任期间【真题】Absence rates for the six months prior to the incentive scheme ranged from 3.69 percent to 4.32 percent.没有采取激励方法以前的六个月的缺勤率是在3.69%到4.32%之间。(C2-59-左18)

absent ['æbsənt] adj.不在场的,缺席的;缺乏的 vt.缺席【反义词】present [pri'zent] adj.出席的,到场的【词组】be absent from 缺席;absent-minded 心不在焉的

absenteeism [æbsən'ti:iz(ə)m] n.旷课,旷工【真题】Prior to this time,few active steps had been taken to measure,understand or manage the occurrence of absenteeism.在此之前,很少采取主动措施来衡量、了解或管理旷工的发生。(C2-58-左17)

absolute ['æbsəlu:t] adj.绝对的,完全的【反义词】relative ['relətiv] adj.相对的 comparative [kəm'pærətiv] adj.相比较而言的【词组】absolute truth绝对真理;absolute power至高无上的权力

absolutely ['æbsəlu:tli] adv.完全地,绝对地【真题】For most of this semester,I’ve said absolutely nothing in tutorials.这学期的大部分时间,我在辅导课上绝对没有任何发言。(C9-134-16)

absorb [əb'sɔ:b] vt.吸收,吸引,使专心【同义词】digest [di'dʒest;dai'dʒest] vt.消化 take in吸收【词组】be absorbed in专心于;absorb nourishment摄取营养;absorb moisture吸收水分

absorption [əb'sɔ:p∫ən] n.吸收,专注【词组】absorption of heat吸收热量;absorption of nourishment吸收营养

absorptive [əb'sɔ:ptiv] adj.吸收性的,有吸引力的

abstain [əb'stein] v.禁绝,放弃【同义词】do without免除,不用 refrain [ri'frein] vi.节制,避免,制止

withhold [wið'həuld] vt.使停止,抑制【反义词】indulge [in'dʌldʒ] v.纵容【词组】abstain from comment不做评论;abstain from voting放弃表决权

abstract ['æbstrækt] adj.抽象的,深奥的 n.摘要【反义词】concrete ['kɔnkri:t] adj.具体的【词组】in the abstract在理论上;abstract thinking抽象思维【真题】Climate change may still be a rather abstract idea to most of us.气候变化对我们大多数人来说可能仍是一个相当抽象的概念。(C6-27-6)

absurd [əb'sə:d] adj.不合理的,荒唐的【同义词】ridiculous [ri'dikjuləs] adj.荒谬的,可笑的

unreasonable [ʌn'ri:zənəbl] adj.不讲道理的,不合理的【反义词】rational ['ræ∫ənəl] adj.理性的,合理的 reasonable ['ri:zənəbl] adj.有道理的,通情达理的【词组】absurd argument荒谬的论调;highly absurd 荒谬透顶

absurdity [əb'sə:diti] n.不合理,可笑【词组】sheer absurdity十足的荒谬;sink into absurdity陷入荒谬

abundance [ə'bʌndəns] n.丰富,充裕

abundant [ə'bʌndənt] adj.丰富的,充裕的,盛产,富于【同义词】plentiful ['plentiful] adj.许多的,丰富的 adequate ['ædikwit] adj.适当的,足够的【反义词】short [∫ɔ:t] adj.短的,不足的scarce [skεəs] adj.缺乏的,稀有的【词组】be abundant in富于,富有;abundant funds资金雄厚【真题】First,energy and other natural resources have become more abundant.首先,能源和其他自然资源已经变得更为丰富。(C5-24-5)

abuse [ə'bju:z] v.滥用,虐待  [ə'bju:s] n.滥用'【同义词】misuse [mis'ju:z] v.滥用;虐待 n.滥用【词组】abuse one’s power滥用职权'

academic [ækə'demik] adj.学院的;学术的,理论的 n.学者【同义词】theoretical [ϑiə'retikəl] adj.理论的【词组】an academic thesis学术论文;an academic authority 学术权威【真题】To my mind,he was the first person to establish what modern academics call practical archaeology.在我看来,他首创了现代学者所说的实践考古学。(C10-138-29)

accelerate [ək'seləreit] v.加速,促进【同义词】quicken ['kwikən] v.加快,加速 promote [prə'məut] v.促进【反义词】decelerate [di:'seləreit] v.(使)减速【词组】accelerate growth 促进发育;accelerate the reform 加快改革'

acceleration [ækselə'rei∫ən] n.加速,加速度【词组】acceleration of gravity 重力加速度

accelerator [æk'seləreitə] n.(物)加速器,(化)催化剂【词组】particle accelerator 粒子加速器;electrostatic accelerator 静电加速器

accent ['æksənt] n.口音,腔调,重音 vt.重读【同义词】tone [təun] n.音调,音质 stress [stres] n.强调,重音 vt.强调,重读【词组】local accent本地口音;secondary accent次重音

accept [ək'sept] v.接受,同意【同义词】receive [ri'si:v] vt.收到,接到【反义词】refuse [ri'fju:z] vt.拒绝,谢绝 rejeɔt [ri'dʒekt] vt.拒绝

acceptable [ək'septəbl] adj.可接受的,合意的【词组】socially acceptable behaviour 合乎社会规范的行为【真题】Tennis shoes and any shoe with an open toe are not acceptable in the office.网球鞋和任何露脚趾的鞋都不能在办公室穿。(C9-109-14)

acceptance [ək'septəns] n.接受,验收;承认【词组】verbal acceptance口头接受;acceptance test验收试验

access ['ækses] n.接近;通道,入口【同义词】approach [ə'prəut∫] n.接近,通路 entranɔe ['entrəns] n.通道,入口【反义词】exit ['eksit] n.出口 outlet ['autlet] n.出口【词组】access to有权使用【真题】Manufacturing and storage relies heavily on access.制造业和仓储业非常需要道路的畅通。(C7-108-13)

accessible [ək'sesəbl] adj.易接近的,可到达的,易受影响的【真题】The road improvements and accompanying maintenance system had helped make the district centre accessible throughout the year.道路状况的改善以及配套的道路养护制度已经使得人们全年都可以到达地区中心。(C7-50-6)

accessory [ək'sesri] n.同谋,从犯;附件 adj.附属的【同义词】appendix [ə'pendiks] n.附录,附属品【词组】accessory claim附带权利要求;accessory contract附加合同

accident ['æksidənt] n.事故,偶发的事件【同义词】disaster [di'za:stə] n.灾难,天灾【词组】by accident偶然'

accidental [æksi'dentəl] adj.意外发生的,偶然的'

accidentally [æksi'dentəli] adv.偶然地,意外地【真题】It was probably a secondary invention,accidentally made during tool-making operations with wood or stone.它可能是个附带的发明,是在用木头或石头生产工具的操作中偶然制造出来的。(C1-18-左18)

accommodate [ə'kɔmədeit] vt.容纳,供应;调节【词组】accommodate sb.for a night留某人住一夜;accommodate sb.with向某人提供 accommodate oneself to使自己适应于【真题】The FAA realised that the airspace over the United States would at any time have many different kinds of planes,flying for many different purposes,in a variety of weather conditions,and the same kind of structure was needed to accommodate all of them.美国联邦航空局认识到,在美国领空随时都有许多不同种类的飞机出于不同的目的在各种天气情况下飞行,因此需要相应的系统来协调所有这些飞机。(C8-23-24)'

accommodation [əkɔmə'dei∫ən] n.住处,膳宿【同义词】lodging ['lɔdʒiŋ] n.寄宿处,寄宿,(常pl.)出租的房间【词组】provide food and accommodation管吃管住【真题】The living accommodation is to the front so nobody notices that the back is dark.起居生活都在前面,所以没有人注意到后面是黑的。(C1-64-左24)

accompany [ə'kʌmpəni] vt.陪伴,陪同,伴随【同义词】go with伴随,与……相配 follow ['fɔləu] vt.跟随,追随【词组】accompany words with acts既有言论又有行动【真题】Similarly,the information accompanying the objects often made little sense to the lay visitor.同样,和这些东西相配的说明对于外行的参观者来说也没什么意义。(C9-97-9)

accomplice [ə'kɔmplis] n.同谋者,帮凶【同义词】accessary [ək'sesəri] n.同谋,帮凶,从犯【词组】be suspected as an accomplice有同谋的嫌疑

accrual [ə'kru:əl] n.获利,利息,自然增长【真题】For the first year of work,special accrual rules apply.工作第一年,实行特别累积规则。(C8-110-11)

accomplish [ə'kʌmpli∫] vt.达到(目的),完成【同义词】achieve [ə't∫i:v] vt.完成,达到finish ['fini∫] vt.完成,结束,使完美【词组】accomplish nothing remarkable搞不出名堂来;accomplish one’s mission完成使命【真题】When we survey Mexico City,Tokyo,Los Angeles,we are amazed at what has been accomplished by humans.当我们考察墨西哥城、东京和洛杉矶的时候,我们惊叹人类所取得的成就。(C7-66-左25)

accord [ə'kɔ:d] vt.使一致;给予【同义词】grant [gra:nt] vt.给予 give [giv] v.给予【词组】in accord with与……一致;with one accord一致地

accord [ə'kɔ:d] n.调和,符合;协议【同义词】agreement [ə'gri:mənt] n.同意,一致,协议 conformity [kən'fɔ:məti] n.一致,符合'【反义词】disaccord [disə'kɔ:d] n.不一致,不同意disɔord ['diskɔ:d] n.不一致,意见不合【词组】of one’s own accord出于本意

accordance ['kɔ:dəns] n.一致,和谐;授予【同义词】concord ['kɔŋkɔ:d] n.和谐,一致 agreement [ə'gri:mənt] n.同意,一致【词组】in accordance with依据,与……一致【真题】The role of the professional,therefore,is to cater for the needs and tastes of the tourists in accordance with their class and overall expectations.因此,根据游客的阶层和总体预期来迎合他们的要求和爱好是专业人士的角色。(C1-47-右24)

accordingly ['kɔ:diŋli] adv.因此,所以,相应地【同义词】therefore ['ðεəfɔ:] adv.因此,所以 Consequently ['kɔnsikwəntli] adv.从而,因此【词组】arrange accordingly权宜处理

account [ə'kaunt] n.记述,解释;账目vi.解释,导致【同义词】statement ['steitmənt] n.陈述【词组】account for说明……的原因,占;on account of为了……,由于;on all accounts无论如何; on no account决不;take into account把……考虑进去【真题】Once again,road transport is the main culprit since it 2alone accounts for 84% of the CO emissions attributable to transport.此外,道路运输是主要元凶,因为就运输中排放的二氧化碳而言,它自己就占84%的比例。(C10-23-5)

It is imperative that the needs of these children are taken into account in the setting of appropriate international standards to be promulgated in future.今后在制定和颁布相应的国际标准时,必须考虑这些孩子的需求。(C9-42-倒2)'

accountability [əkauntə'biliti] n.有责任,有义务【真题】But such projects must be built to higher specifications and with more accountability to local people and their environment than in the past.但是和过去相比,这些项目必须要提高其建筑规格,要更多地考虑当地的人们和他们的生存环境。(C7-24-30)

accountant [ə'kauntənt] n.会计师

accumulate [ə'kju:mjuleit] v.积累,堆积【词组】accumulate funds积累资金;accumulate experience积累经验【真题】One of Marie Curie’s outstanding achievements was to have understood the need to accumulate intense radioactive sources.居里夫人的杰出成就之一就是她意识到要积累强烈的放射源。(C9-88-倒12)

accuracy ['ækjurəsi] n.准确(性),准确度【词组】strive for accuracy力争确切;accuracy of news新闻真实性【真题】It lifts the reel onto the loading position and places it in the correct spot with complete accuracy.它将卷轴提升至装载位置,准确地将其放在正确的位置。(C2-117-右8)

accurate ['ækjurt] adj.准确的,正确无误的【同义词】precise [pri'sais] adj.精确的,准确的 correct [kə'rekt] adj.正确的,恰当的【反义词】inaccurate [in'ækjurit] adj.错误的,不准确的【词组】accurate measurement精确尺度;accurate judgement正确的判断【真题】Today,highly accurate timekeeping instruments set the beat for most electronic devices.今天,大多数的电子设备都装有高度精密的计时工具。(C8-19-36)

accuse [ə'kju:z] vt.指责,归咎于 n.指控,控告【同义词】charge sb.with指控某人blame [bleim] n.过失,责备 vt.责备,谴责【反义词】defend [di'fend] vt.防护,防卫;辩护,做……的辩护律师【词组】accuse sb.of指责某人……

accustom [ə'kʌstəm] vt.使习惯【词组】accustom gradually to some action or attitude使逐渐地适应某种行为或态度

accustomed [ə'kʌstəmd] adj.惯常的,习惯的【同义词】be used to习惯于【词组】be accustomed to doing习惯于做……

ache [eik] vi.觉得疼痛;渴望 n.疼痛【词组】ache all over浑身酸痛;stomach-ache胃痛

achieve [ə't∫i:v] vt.完成,实现,达到【同义词】accomplish [ə'kɔmpli∫] vt.完成,达到,实现ɔomplete [kəm'pli:t] vt.完成,使完善【反义词】fail [feil] vt.使失望,辜负,不及格 give up放弃,停止,认输【词组】achieve one’s purpose达到目的;achieve success获得成功

achievement [ə't∫i:vmənt] n.完成,成就【词组】make scientific achievements取得科学上的成就【真题】Do you feel some sense of achievement?你有一些成就感吗?(C9-150-7)

acid ['æsid] n.酸adj.酸的,酸性的【同义词】sour ['sauə] adj.酸的,酸味的【词组】folic acid叶酸;fatty acid脂肪酸

acknowledge [ək'nɔlidʒ] vt.承认【同义词】admit [əd'mit] v.承认,接纳ɔonfess [kən'fes] v.承认,坦白'【反义词】deny [di'nai] v.否认,拒绝disregard [disri'ga:d] v.不理会,漠视【词组】acknowledge verbally 口头承认;acknowledge one’s shortcomings 正视自己的缺点【真题】He acknowledges the role of his equipment in enabling him to set a flying record.他承认自己的设备在他创造飞行纪录的过程中所起的作用。(C9-129-倒5)

acoustic [ə'ku:stik] adj.听觉的,有关声音的,声学的,音响学的 n.音响效果【词组】acoustic sense听觉 poor classroom acoustics糟糕的教室音响效果

acquaint [ə'kweint] vt.使认识,使了解【同义词】inform [in'fɔ:m] v.(~of/about)通知,告诉,获悉 notify ['nəutifai] v.通报【词组】acquaint oneself with the facts使自己了解实情

acquaintance [ə'kweintəns] n.认识,了解;熟人【词组】have an acquaintance with与……相识;make the acquaintance of sb.结识某人

acquire [ə'kwai] vt.取得,获得,学到【词组】acquire knowledge/skill/experience获得知识/技能/经验'

acquisition [ækwi'zi∫ən] n.习得【词组】information acquisition情报采集;collection acquisition藏品搜集【真题】Such acquisitions have multiple purposes.这种收藏有着多重目的。(C3-61-左23)

acquit [ə'kwit] vt.宣告无罪;还清(债务)【同义词】discharge [dis't∫a:dʒ] vt.清偿(债务)exɔuse [ik'skju:z] vt.原谅,申辩,作为……的托词

forgive [fə'giv] vt.原谅,饶恕,宽免(某人)之债务pardon ['pa:dn] vt.原谅,宽恕【反义词】arrest [ə'rest] vt.逮捕,拘留 capture ['kæpt∫ə] vt.俘获,捕获【词组】acquit sb.of a crime宣判无罪;acquit a person of his duty解除某人的义务

acre [eikə] n.英亩【词组】an acre under corn种着玉米的一英亩地;one sixth of an acre of land六分之一英亩土地

act [ækt] vi.行动,见效 n.行为

action ['æk∫ən] n.行动,作用,功能

activate ['æktiveit]v.刺激,使活动,有活力【词组】activate a fire-alarm开启火灾报警器【真题】One’s first inclination might be to argue that there must be some sort of built-in animal aggression instinct that was activated by the experiment.人们的第一反应大概就会辩称,一定有某种内在的动物进攻本能被这个实验激发出来了。(C5-21-9)

active ['æktiv] adj.活跃的,积极的【反义词】passive ['pæsiv] adj.被动的,消极的【词组】active defense积极防御;active volcano活火山【真题】This understanding that children gain of themselves as active agents continues to develop in their attempts to co-operate with others in play.孩子们认识到自己具有主动的权利,通过在游戏中与他人合作,这种认识得以继续发展。(C9-91-倒7)

activity [æk'tiviti] n.活动,活力,行动【词组】social activities社会活动

actor ['æktə] n.男演员,演剧的人

actress ['æktris] n.女演员

actual ['ækt∫uəl] adj.实际的,真实的;现行的,目前的【同义词】authentic [ɔ:'ϑentik] adj.真正的,可信的 faɔtual ['fæktjuəl] adj.事实的,实际的

real ['ri:əl] adj.真的,真实的【词组】in actual life在实际生活中

actually ['ækt∫uəli] adv.实际上,竟然【词组】a question actually under discussion眼下正讨论的问题

acute [ə'kju:t] adj.尖的,锐的;敏锐的;剧烈的【同义词】smart [sma:t] adj.巧妙的,聪明的,剧烈的 bright [brait] adj.明亮的,欢快的,聪明的【反义词】dull [dʌl] adj.感觉或理解迟钝的,无趣的【词组】an acute observer/eyesight敏锐的观察者/目光

adapt [ə'dæpt] vt.使适应,改编【同义词】adjust [ə'dʒʌst] vt.调整,校准,使适合 fit [fit] vt.适合,使适应【词组】adapt oneself to使自己适应或习惯于某事【真题】When the pagoda reached Japan,however its architecture was freely adapted to local conditions.然而,当这些宝塔传入日本时,其建筑风格更加本土化。(C7-40-22)'

adaptation [ædæp'tei∫ən] n.适应,改编,改写本【真题】But there are limits to adaptation and loud noise becomes more troublesome if the person is required to concentrate on more than one task.但如果要求试验对象同时专注于几项任务,他们对大声噪音的适应能力就会达到极限,噪音也会变得更加让人心烦意乱。(C7-96-11)

addict [ə'dikt] vt.使沉溺,使上瘾 n.有瘾的人【词组】an Internet addict网虫;a drug addict too far-gone for rehabilitation无药可救的嗜毒者

addition [ə'di∫n] n.加,加法;增加的人(或物)【词组】in addition此外,另外;in addition to sth./doing除……之外

additional [ə'di∫ənl] adj.附加的,另外的【词组】additional clause附加条款;additional expense追加费用

additive ['æditiv] n.添加剂adj.附加的,添加的【词组】plastics additive塑料添加剂

address [ə'dres] n.地址,致辞v.向……致辞,写姓名地址,处理【同义词】speech [spi:t∫] n.演说,讲话 lecture ['lekt∫ə] n.演说,演讲

greet [gri:t] v.向……做(正式)讲话,对……发表演说【真题】It raises a host of ethical questions that would have to be addressed by the global community before any reply could be sent.这会引发许多伦理问题,这些问题在回应被发出去之前必须由国际社会解决。(C9-23-倒8)'

addressee [ædre'si:] n.收信人

addresser [ə'dresə(r)] n.发信人

adequate ['ædikwit] adj.足够的,可以胜任的【同义词】enough [i'nʌf] adj.充足的,足够的adv.足够地 suffiɔient [sə'fi∫ənt] adj.足够的,充分的'【反义词】insufficient [insə'fi∫ənt] adj.不足的,不够的 defiɔient [di'fi∫ənt] adj.缺乏的,不足的

inadequate [in'ædikwit] adj.不充分的,不适当的【词组】adequate fertilisation合理施肥;without adequate foundation没有充分的根据

adhere [əd'hiə] vi.黏附,胶着;坚持【同义词】cling [kliŋ] vi.粘紧;坚持 stick [stik] v.粘住,粘贴【词组】adhere to附着;adhere to the original plan坚持原来的计划;

stubbornly adhere to one’s opinions固执己见

adherent [d'hiərənt] n.信徒,追随者,拥护者 adj.黏着的,依附的【词组】an adherent substance黏性物质;an adherent of Lamaism喇嘛教的教徒【真题】Prescriptive grammarians have been presented as blind adherents to a historical traditio n.规定派文法家一直被认为是历史传统的盲目追随者。(C9-64-倒3)

adjoin ['dʒɔin] v.邻接,毗连【同义词】be close to接近,靠近 connect [kə'nekt] v.连接,关联【反义词】disjoin [dis'dʒɔin] v.(使)分开,(使)分离 'disɔonneɔt [diskə'nekt] v.拆开,分离

adjust [ə'dʒʌst] vt.调整,调节,校正【同义词】regulate ['regjuleit] vt.调节,调整 adapt [ə'dæpt] vt.使适应,改编【词组】adjust differences调停争端;adjust the body clock调整生物钟【真题】And yet most of us have had the experience of having to adjust to sleeping in the mountains or the countryside because it was initially“too quiet”.然而,我们大多数人都有过这样的经历:如果在深山或者乡村睡觉,必须做一些调整才能睡得着,因为这些地方起初“太安静”了。(C7-96-1)

adjustable [ə'dʒʌstəbl] adj.可调整的,可校准的【词组】adjustable seat belts可以调整的坐椅安全带;an adjustable end wrench活动扳手'

administration [ədmini'strei∫ən] n.管理,管理部门,局,署,处【同义词】management ['mænidʒmənt] n.经营,管理 exeɔution '[eksi'kju:∫ən] n.管理,经营

government ['gʌvənmənt] n.行政机关,政府【词组】school administration校政;public administration公共行政

admire [əd'maiə] vt.钦佩,羡慕,赞赏【同义词】adore [ə'dɔ:] v.崇拜,爱慕 appreɔiate [ə'pri:∫ieit] vt.赏识,鉴赏

envy ['envi] n./ vt.羡慕,嫉妒 praise [preiz] vt.赞扬,歌颂,称赞【词组】admire sb.for sth.佩服某人的……

admission [əd'mi∫ən] n.允许进入,入场券【同义词】entrance ['entrəns] n.入口,门口,进入aɔɔess ['ækses] n.通路,入门进入(权)【反义词】prohibition [prəuhi'bi∫ən] n.禁止,阻止【词组】apply for admission to a school申请入学;obtain admission获准入学

admit [əd'mit] vt.承认;准许……进入【同义词】acknowledge [ək'nɔlidʒ] vt.承认 allow [ə'lau] vt.允许,承认

permit [pə((:))'mit] v.许可,承认【反义词】prohibit [prə'hibit] vt.禁止,阻止 forbid [fə'bid] vt.禁止,不许【词组】universally admit举世公认;admit a mistake承认错误

adobe [ə'dəubi] n.砖坯,土砖【真题】Gharib has already been contacted by a civil engineer in Nicaragua,who wants to put up buildings with adobe roofs supported by concrete arches on a site that heavy equipment can’t reach.一位尼加拉瓜的土木工程师就联系了Gharib,想要建造由混凝土拱顶来支撑的土坯屋顶的房子,而屋顶所在的位置是重型机械所不能达到的。(C7-90-30)'

adolescent [ædəu'lesənt] adj.青春(期)的 n.青少年【同义词】juvenile ['dʒu:vinail] adj.青少年的,幼稚的 n.青少年【词组】adolescent psychology青年心理学;adolescent boys and girls青春期的男孩和女孩

adopt [ə'dɔpt] vt.收养;采用,采取【同义词】foster ['fɔstə] vt.收养【词组】adopt an orphan/pet收养孤儿/宠物;adopt policy/system采用政策/体系【真题】In discussing whether we are alone,most SETI scientists adopt two ground rules.在探讨我们是否宇宙中的唯一时,大多数SETI的科学家采用两个基本原则。(C9-22-倒7)

adoption [ə'dɔp∫ən] n.收养;采纳,采取【词组】adoption of the agenda通过议程

adorable [ə'dɔ:rəbl] adj.可爱的【词组】an adorable baby一个可爱的孩子

adore [ə'dɔ:] vt.崇拜,很喜欢【同义词】admire [əd'maiə] v.赞美,钦佩worship ['wə:∫ip] vt.崇拜,尊敬【词组】adore gods崇拜神灵;adore each other相互爱慕

adorer [ə'dɔ:rə((r))] n.爱慕者,崇拜者

adorn [ə'dɔ:n] vt.装饰,佩戴【同义词】decorate ['dekəreit] v.装饰,为……做装修 ornament ['ɔ:nəmənt] vt.装饰,修饰

beautify ['bju:tifai] v.美化furnish ['fə:ni∫] vt.供应,装备【词组】adorn oneself with jewels佩戴宝石;adorn a room with flowers用花装饰屋子

adornment [ə'dɔ:nmənt] n.装饰,装饰物【词组】innocent of adornment没有装饰(品)的

adult ['ædʌlt] n.成年人adj.成年的【同义词】grown-up成年人 mature [mə'tjuə] adj.成年的

advance [əd'va:ns] vi.前进,提高 n.进展【同义词】progress ['prəugres] n.进展 improvement [im'pru:vmənt] n.改进【词组】in advance预先【真题】Work on designs for the new turbine blades and sites are well advanced at the University of Southampton’s sustainable energy research group.南安普敦大学的可持续能源研究小组在新涡轮机叶片的设计和选址方面的工作进行得很顺利。(C9-67-倒9)

advanced [əd'va:nst] adj.先进的,高级的【词组】advanced element先进分子;advanced class高级班

advantage [əd'va:ntidʒ] n.优点,优势,好处【同义词】merit n.优点,价值'【反义词】disadvantage [disəd'va:ntidʒ] n.不利地位,不利条件【词组】take advantage of利用;gain/have/get an advantage over胜过,优于【真题】Staff may also take advantage of corporate membership to bodies such as the Science Museum.员工还可以享受到诸如科学博物馆这类机构的团体会员优惠。(C9-111-右7)

advent ['ædvənt] n.出现,到来【词组】the advent of spring春天的到来【真题】Sea ports have been transformed by the advent of powered vessels,whose size and draught have increased.由于装有动力的船只的出现,这种船只的尺寸和排水量加大了,这使得港口发生了改变。(C2-43-29)

adventure [d'vent∫ə] n./v.不平常的经历,冒险【同义词】venture ['vent∫ə] n.冒险投机,风险 v.冒险 risk [risk] vt.冒……的危险 n.冒险,风险【词组】thirst for adventure渴望冒险;adventure an opinion大胆提出意见

adversary ['ædvəsəri] n.敌手,对手【同义词】opponent [ə'pəunənt] n.对手,反对者 rival ['raivəl] n.竞争者,对手【词组】a well-matched adversary旗鼓相当的对手

adverse ['ædvə:s] adj.不利的,敌对的,相反的【同义词】harmful ['ha:mful] adj.有害的,伤害的 hostile ['hɔstail] adj.敌对的,敌方的

opposite ['ɔpəzit] adj.对立的,相反的【反义词】favourable ['feivərəbl] adj.赞成的,有利的,良好的

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