作者：圣才电子书
出版社：圣才电子书
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
李观仪《新编英语教程（2）》（修订版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】试读：
Unit 1
一、单元语法
本单元主要涉及动词时态：现在完成进行时、过去进行时、过去完成进行时
1．现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时由“have(has)＋been＋现在分词”构成，其基本用法如下：（1）用来表示一个动作从过去一直持续到现在。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例：
John has been teaching for 10 years.(He is still teaching.)（2）表示过去的动作对现在的影响，例：
I have been telling him not to be a fool.(He should be cleverer now.)（3）现在完成进行时也可用以表达说话人的感情色彩，例：
Who’s been eating my apples？（该句表达了说话人的愤怒不满）
注意：
a. 如果动词表示状态而不表示动作，应用现在完成时，而不用现在完成进行时，例：
I have known him for years.（不用I have been knowing…）
b. 在否定句中一般用现在完成时而不用现在完成进行时，例：
I have not learned（而不说have not been learning）English for two years.
2．过去进行时
过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作，结构为was/were doing，基本用法有：（1）表示在过去某一时刻正在发生的动作或该动作与过去的另一动作同时发生，例：
I was watching TV at 7:00 yesterday evening.昨天晚上7点我在看电视。
She was playing the piano while I was reading the newspaper.她弹钢琴时我在看报。（2）表示过去一段时间内正在进行的动作，例：
We were talking about you the whole morning.我们整个上午都在说你。（3）表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事，例：
She said she was leaving for New York the next month.她说她下个月动身去纽约。
3．过去完成进行时
过去完成进行时表一个持续到过去某时的动作，结构为had been doing，可与all the time，all day，for，since，by等引导的时间副词短语或when引导的从句连用，其基本用法如下：（1）表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，例：
I had been looking for it for days before I found it.这东西我找了好多天才找着的。（2）表示反复的动作，例：
He had been mentioning your name to me.他过去多次向我提到过你的名字。
二、词汇短语
Language Structures
1．peel [pi:l] v. to strip or cut away the skin, rind, or bark from; pare剥皮，削皮：You must peel the potatoes.你必须削土豆皮。
2．gnaw [nC:] v. to bite, chew on, or erode with the teeth咬，啮：The farmer’s dog has been gnawing away on a bone under the table.那农夫的狗一直在桌子底下啃骨头。
3．cramp [krAmp] n. a sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles痉挛，抽筋：The swimmer suddenly got cramp.这个游泳的人突然抽筋。
4．shave [Feiv] v. to remove the beard or other body hair from, with a razor or shaver刮，剃
5．sticking plaster橡皮膏
6．motor-scooter 小型摩托车a two-wheeled vehicle with small wheels and a low-powered gasoline engine
7．portable [5pC:tEbl] adj. carried or moved with ease易携带或易移动的：a portable generator便携式发电机
8．surgeon [5sE:dVEn] n. a physician specializing in surgery外科医生
Dialogue I
1．celebrate [5selibreit] v. mark (a happy or important day, event, etc) with festivities and rejoicing庆祝，祝贺
2．hold back to restrain oneself抑制，控制：She was unable to hold back her excitement. 她按捺不住激动的心情。
3．track and field 田径，田径赛sports such as running and jumping
4．slanderous [5slB:ndErEs] adj. containing untrue written statements about someone which could make other people have a bad opinion of them诽谤性的，诋毁的：a slanderous accusation诽谤性的指控
5．nickname [5nIkneIm] n. a descriptive name added a person, place, or thing绰号，别名；
vt. to give a nickname to给……起绰号
6．visualize [5vIzjJElaIz] v. to form a mental image of; envisage形成思维图像，设想：tried to visualize the scene as it was described尽力设想所描绘的场景
7．dishearten [dis5hB:tEn] vt. to shake or destroy the courage or resolution of; dispirit使沮丧，使灰心：The feeble applause disheartened us. 微弱的掌声叫我们泄气。
8．patriotic [7pAtri5Ctik] adj. feeling, expressing, or inspired by love for one’s country爱国的，有爱国热情的
9．donate [dEu5neit] v. to present as a gift to a fund or cause; contribute捐赠，赠予：donate blood献血：【扩展】donation n. 捐赠品/ donator n.捐赠者
10．detain [di5tein] v. to keep in custody or temporary confinement拘留，监禁，关押：unlawfully detain a child非法羁留儿童
11．outrageous [aut5reidVEs] adj. a) very offensive or immoral, shocking蛮横无理的，无道德的，骇人的：His treatment of his wife is outrageous.他待妻子十分蛮横。The price is outrageous.价钱高得吓人。b) very unusual and unconventional不寻常的，不依惯例的：outrageous remarks designed to shock listeners故意耸人听闻的言论
12．drop out（从活动、竞赛等中）退出to withdraw from participation, as in a game, contest etc：drop out of the presidential race退出总统竞选
13．hasty [5heisti] adj. excessively quick; rapid匆忙的：I was hustled into (making) a hasty decision.我在催逼之下匆匆地做出决定。
14．delegation [7deli5^eiFEn] n. group of delegates代表团
Dialogue II
1．flu [flu:] n. a common illness that makes you feel very tired and weak, gives you a sore throat, and makes you cough and have to clear your nose a lot流感
2．colleague [5kCli:^] n. a fellow member of a profession, a staff, or an academic faculty; an associate同事，同行
3．cheer sb. up使某人高兴或快活to excite sb.
4．tablet [5tAblit] n. a small flat pellet of medication to be taken orally药片：She took down the tablets in one gulp.她把那些药片一口吞了下去。
5．fall apart破裂，散开to break down：Their marriage finally fell apart.他们的婚姻最终破裂了。
6．wardrobe [5wC:drEub] n. a tall cabinet, closet, or small room built to hold clothes衣橱，衣柜
Reading I
1．rugby [5rQ^bI] n. an outdoor game played by two teams with an egg-shaped ball that you kick or carry橄榄球
2．tremendous [tri5mendEs] adj. extremely large in amount, extent, or degree; enormous巨大的，极大的
3．enthusiasm [in5Wju:ziAzEm] n. great excitement for or interest in a subject or cause热情，狂热，积极性：His enthusiasm breathed new life into the company.他的热情给公司注入了新的生命。
4．intercollegiate [7intE(:)kE5li:dViit] adj. involving or representing two or more colleges院际的
5．luxurious [lQ^5zjuEriEs] adj. supplied with luxuries, very comfortable奢侈的，极舒适的：live in luxurious surroundings生活在奢侈的环境中
6．severe [si5viE] adj. intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality严重的，剧烈的：His costly mistake resulted in severe loss.他的严重的错误导致了重大的损失。
7．tremor [5tremE] n. a shaking or vibrating movement震动，颤动：There was a slight tremor in his voice.他的声音有点颤抖。
8．opponent [E5pEunEnt] n. one that opposes another or others in a battle, contest, controversy, or debate对手，反对者：He beat his opponent in the election.他在选举中击败了对手。
9．reputation [7repju(:)5teiFEn] n. the general estimation in which a person is held by the public.
名声，声誉
10．hurl [hE:l] v. to send with great vigor; thrust用力送出，猛推: The young track and field athlete could already hurl the discus 60 yards. 这个年轻的田径运动员已能把铁饼掷60码远。
11．fiercely [`fIEslI] adv. in a fierce manner猛烈地，厉害地：The storm blew fiercely over land and sea.暴风雨猛烈地吹过陆地和海面。
12．visor [5vaizE] n. moving part of a helmet, used to cover and protect the face面甲，面罩
13．pad [pAd] v. to line or stuff with soft material垫以软物
14．naked [5neikid] adj. a) without clothes on裸体的；b) without the usual covering没有通常的遮盖物的：a naked light无灯罩的电灯；c) not disguising无隐蔽的，无掩饰的：the naked truth赤裸裸的现实
15．jersey [5dV\:zI] n. a shirt made of soft material, worn by players of sports运动衫
16．tackle [5tAkl] v. seize and throw down an opponent player, who usually carries the ball擒住，扭倒
17．be addicted to成为习惯而离不开，对……有瘾to devote or give (oneself) habitually or compulsively：She’s addicted to video games, which makes her mother angry at times.她沉迷于电视游戏机，有时会让他妈妈生气。
18．craze [kreiz] n. a short-lived popular fashion; a fad短暂的时尚，流行一时的狂热：Is this interest in health foods just a passing craze?这股健康食品热潮是否转瞬即逝？
19．wholeheartedly [hEul5hB:tidli] adv. without reserve; without reservation 全心全意地：As a party member one must serve the people wholeheartedly.作为一个党员，应该全心全意为人民服务。
20．the offside rules（足球）越位规则illegally ahead of the ball
21．brilliantly [5briljEntli] adj. in an extremely intelligent way辉煌地，灿烂地：Her article brilliantly demolishes his argument.她的文章精辟地批驳了他的论点。
Reading II
1．ancient [5einFEnt] adj. belonging to times long past古代的，远古的：ancient civilization古代的文明
2．sledding [5slediN] n. travelling on a sledge滑雪橇
3．gymnastics [dVim5nAstiks] n. a sport that involves exercises intended to display strength and balance and agility体操
4．amateur [5AmEtE(:)] n. someone who does an activity just for pleasure, not as their job业余爱好者，非专业人员：Although Tom’s only an amateur he’s a first-class player.虽然汤姆只是个业余爱好者, 但却是一流的高手。
三、全文翻译
对话I
变化的时代
A：怎么了，爷爷？
B：哦，琳琳，我不知道你从学校回来了。
A：今天是你的生日，爷爷。我回来为您庆祝生日的。怎么了，爷爷？您两眼含着泪。
B：没事，我刚刚在看电视台直播的奥运会。我太高兴了，情不自禁就流泪了。我们中国运动员为国家争了光。
A：是啊，到今天为止，我们已经得了16枚金牌，25枚银牌了。
B：这些奖牌让我想起了一些往事。看电视的时候，我情不自禁想起我在他们那个年龄时的事情。
A：那时怎样？我知道您曾是国家田径队的一名运动员。
B：唉，说来话长。作为一个三、四十年代的运动员，唉……（叹气）
A：告诉我啊，爷爷，我想听听您的故事。
B：我不知道从何说起，但每次看到我国运动员在国际体育赛事上获奖时，我就非常激动。
A：为什么？
B：因为我年轻的时候，国家正处于战争时期，政府很少注意民众的健康问题。我们被诬蔑为“东亚病夫”。我对1949年前，中国运动员三次参加奥运会的情景仍记忆犹新。那些记忆让人痛苦，让人伤心。
A：那时我们在奥运会上获得过奖牌吗？
B：没有，从来没获得过。1932年奥运会时，中国有两名非常优秀的赛跑运动员，他们足有资格参加奥运会。但政府拒绝派遣国家队参赛。直到最后一刻，一位爱国将领才为这两名运动员和他们的教练捐赠了足够的路费。
A：我很欣慰他们最后去参赛了。
B：不幸的是，他们中只有一个到了赛场。
A：另外一个呢？
B：他被日本侵略军扣押了，毫无因由。
A：太可恶了！那另一名运动员发挥得好吗？
B：不好，由于训练太仓促，他在比赛中途就退出了。
A：那我们参加的另外两次奥运会呢？
B：我国体育代表团被派遣参加了1936年和1948年的奥运会。但由于缺乏资金，他们挣扎在饥饿边缘。他们甚至连返程的路费都没有。两次他们都空手而归。
A：真可惜！
B：因此，今天，当我们年轻的运动员获得一枚又一枚金牌的时候，我的眼泪再也止不住了。这是个变化的时代，一个变得越来越好的时代，我们现在是东方巨龙了。
对话II
请求和帮助
简是一个秘书，因患流感卧病在床，她的同事安晚上来看望她，让她振作起来。
A：你好，现在感觉怎样？
B：噢，不太糟糕，但我还得在床上呆着。医生刚走，他给我了些退烧药。
A：哦，好啊。你现在饿吗？要不要我给你做点儿吃的？
B：不，不需要，安。我不饿，但仍然谢谢你。
A：同事们都向你问好，彼得还说你要尽快好起来，因为他自己处理不了所有的账单和信件。
B：哦，一向如此，我一生病，什么都乱了套。
A：有什么我可以帮忙的吗？
B：嗯，有。介不介意帮我买些水果？我想，就买些桔子吧。
A：当然不介意。有其他事情吗？
B：帮我把洗的衣物拿进来好吗？我把它们忘得一干二净。
A：好的，当然可以。我帮你把床单也换了吧？
B：好的。太感谢了。
A：你给彼得打的这一摞信怎么办？要我明天带给他吗？
B：你真是太好了，非常感谢。噢，还有件事，你能帮我去趟邮局吗？
A：哦，抱歉，恐怕今晚不能。我十分钟后要去见布赖恩。但，我可以明天下班后去。
B：嗯，好的。信不是那么重要，可以等一天。
A：我明天再来看你，简，再见。
阅读文章I
两种足球
美式足球（不要与被称为soccer的英式足球混淆）是美国的一种全国性体育运动。它从英国的橄榄球赛演变而来。虽然世界上其他国家（除了加拿大）都没有这种运动，但它仍激起了人们极大的热情。校际比赛（大学间的比赛）是重大的社会活动。10多万人涌进宽敞豪华的体育场，其中包括父母、兄弟姐妹、学生以及球迷们。最近，加利福尼亚帕萨迪纳玫瑰碗体育馆举行大学足球决赛期间，发生了强烈地震，但却没有人注意到！
美式足球的记分方法与英式橄榄球记分法是一样的。球员们带球越过对方防线，然后把球从垂直的球门柱间踢过并越过横杆，就能赢得更多积分。那就是两种比赛的相似之处。
美式足球以其野蛮和危险闻名，但这并不名符其实。虽然队员们相互推挤，但现在他们的球服和头盔（带有面罩保护脸部）装有十分精巧的衬垫，因此很少发生严重损伤。相比之下，英式橄榄球员几乎没有防护措施，只穿一件薄薄的运动衣和一条短裤来抵抗对手的踢打的擒抱。
美国人沉迷于狂热风尚。他们一旦开始做某事，就会全身心投入，世界其他地方也会紧随其后效仿。慢跑就是一个例子。美国人现在有了新的狂热了，那就是一种被许多国家称为“足球”但他们自己称之为“英式足球”的运动。足球像野火般在美国各州蔓延开来，并像棒球一样广受欢迎。足球由大企业和电视广告客户运营，他们通过各种方式把足球卖给公众。他们雇用世界著名的设计师为球员设计服装，他们为球赛引入背景乐，在场上设置巨大的屏幕向观众解说实况。最为重要的是，他们重金从欧洲和南美雇用了一些著名的教练和球员。他们也更改了一些包括越位在内的规则，使球赛变得更加扣人心弦。
现在，足球比赛可以吸引7万多观众，而同一城市中，棒球比赛只能吸引2万多人。美国的足球场要比欧洲和南美的联赛体育场更加豪华，场内观众人人都有座位，停车场能容纳两万五千辆轿车。如同美国其他前途光明的产品一样，足球正被很好地推销出去。
阅读文章II
奥林匹克
奥林匹克运动会是一项国际体育赛事。奥运会上，运动员们参加不同类型的比赛。一些运动员参加冬奥会，一些运动员则参加夏季奥运会。奥运会由来已久，并且有一个十分有趣的历史。
第一届奥运会在古希腊举行，大约始于公元前16世纪。比赛每四年在夏季举行一次。第一届奥运会只进行了一天，而且只有一个比赛项目—短跑。只有希腊男人被允许参加比赛。女性和非希腊人不允许参加。女性甚至不被允许观看比赛或者接近赛场。其他的一些项目都是后来加上去的。但公元4世纪希腊被罗马占领后，古奥运会就停办了。
十九世纪，奥运会重新举办。第一届现代奥运会于1896年在雅典举行。从那以后，奥运会每四年都在世界不同城市举行一次。
国际奥委会为参赛选手制定了一系列规则。这些规则十分严格，有利于确保每名参赛选手有同等的机会获胜。
比赛项目有几种不同的类型。有个人项目，即每位运动员个人参加的比赛。要想在这类比赛中获胜，每位运动员必须比其他运动员更好，更快或更强。个人比赛有游泳、赛跑和竞走等。这些项目在夏季举行。冬季项目有滑雪和雪橇比赛等。其他一些个人项目有跳高、体操、跳水等。
第二类比赛项目是三、四个运动员以组为单位参赛。这些比赛项目通常有赛跑，最快的队获胜。这些小组比赛项目有夏季的长跑和游泳接力赛、冬季的滑雪接力赛。
第三类比赛项目，是由一个国家的运动员组成一个队参赛。一个队只有赢得比其他队高的分数，才能获胜。通常，运动员必须擅长接球、投球、击球和踢球才能胜出。团队项目也有很多，例如篮球、足球、排球等。
对业余运动员来说，在奥运会上获胜是个了不起的成就。在奥运会上胜出的运动员将是世界上最好的运动员。
四、课文精解
Dialogue I
1．I was so happy that I could hardly hold back my tears：短语hold back此处意为“不表现，不流露”，例：She just managed to hold back her anger.她总算抑制住了自己的愤怒情绪。hold back还可表“扣住，保留”，例：hold back information不走漏消息。
2．These medals have brought back my memories：bring back本意为“送回，恢复”，此处指“回想起某事物”，例：The old photo brought back many memories.这张旧照片引起许多回忆。
3．Unfortunately, only one of them made it there：句中made it there释义为succeed in getting there。
4．He was detained by the occupying Japanese soldiers for no reason whatsoever：副词whatsoever用于no＋名词、nothing、none等之后，以加强语气，例：There can be no doubt whatsoever about it.这件事毫无疑问。
5．…he dropped out in the middle of the race due to hasty training：drop out此处意为“（从活动、竞赛等中）退出”，例：Since his defeat, he’s dropped out of politics.他失败后就不再从事政治活动了。drop out还可表“中途退学，辍学”，例：She got a scholarship in Cambridge, but dropped out a year later.她获得了剑桥大学的奖学金，但一年后就退学了。
6．…their efforts came to nothing：come to nothing完全失败，无功而返。该句可释义为their efforts ended in failure。
Reading I
1．American football has a reputation for being a brutal and dangerous game：have a reputation for意为“以…出名”，例：have a reputation for laziness/being lazy以懒惰出名。
2．The Americans are addicted to crazes：be addicted to意为“对某事物有强烈兴趣而成为嗜好或消遣的”，例：be addicted to TV soap operas沉迷于电视肥皂剧。be addicted to还可表示“对某事物有瘾”，例：become addicted to tobacco对烟上瘾。
3．When they take something up, they do so wholeheartedly：此处take up指“开始从事某事（尤指职业）”，例：She takes up her duties next week.她下周开始履行职责。
4．…gaining in popularity on baseball：该句释义为become as popular as baseball（注：棒球比赛是美国的“国球赛”）。
五、练习答案
Student’s Book
PRACTICE
I.
A: (Why are your eyes red? /I wonder why your eyes are red. /Your eyes are red, what’s happened? /What’s the matter with you? Your eyes are red. )
B: Oh, I’ve been peeling and cutting onions,
A: (How long have you been doing that?)
B: Not very long. Only for about ten minutes.
II.
A: I saw a car accident yesterday,
B: (What were you doing at the time?)
A: I was queuing for the cinema.
B: (And what did you do when you saw the accident?)
A: I rushed forward to see if I could help.
III.
A: Did you get to the cinema in time for the feature film?
B: (No. When I got there, it had already begun.)
A: How long had it been showing?
B: ((It’d been showing) For about ten minutes.)
IV.
A: I was wondering if I might ask you a small flavor.
B: (I’ll be glad to help if I can. /What can I do for you?)
A: I’d be most grateful if you could lend me your step-ladder.//Could you possibly (lend me your step-ladder)? /Would you mind lending me your...? /Do you think I could lend...? /I wonder whether I could lend...//
B: (I’m sorry but it was broken a week ago.)
A: Oh, that is a pity. I’ll ask someone else then.
B: (I am sorry. I’d help if I could.)
DIALOGUE I
Role-play
Learning to Do Taijiquan (Shadow-boxing)
Cui: Good morning, Mrs. Dudley. I’m a school paper reporter. Would you mind asking me some questions?
Dudley: Not at all. Please feel free to ask me any questions concerning what you’re interested in.
Cui: I understand that you are a taijiquan fan. Did you know anything about taijiquan before you came to China?
Dudley: Yes. Before we came to China, we had heard a lot about taijiquan and my husband and I had been discussing the possibility of taking taijiquan lessons when we came to China.
Cui: I wonder if I could ask you how you learned taijiquan?
Dudley: I had to watch closely my teacher’s precise and controlled movements. And I must be very careful with every movement I do.
Cui: How long you have been doing taijiquan?
Dudley: I have been doing taijiquan for 3 months now. I thought it was easy to do, but it turns out to be very difficult if you wished to do everything in the proper way.
Cui: How do you feel after you have done taijiquan for 3 months?
Dudley: I feel very well.
DIALOGUE II
Practice 1
1)
A: Could you help me to move into my new flat tomorrow?
B: Yes, of course.
2)
A: I wonder if you’d take these letters to the post office.
B: Yes, certainly.
3)
A: Will you take a message to Peter? Would you mind telling him I can’t come to the meeting tomorrow?
B: No, not at all.
4)
A: Could you take my little sister to the clinic, if you have time?
B: Yes, of course.
Practice 2
1)
A: I wonder if you’d mind taking my bike to be repaired this afternoon.
B: Oh, I’m sorry, but the doctor has told me to stay in bed because of my bad cold.
2)
A: Could you help me with-my homework tonight if you’re not too busy?
B: Well, I would if I could. But it’s too difficult for me too.
3)
A: Would you mind helping me move the wardrobe?
B: I’ m afraid I can’t because the doctor said I mustn’t lift heavy weights.
4)
A: Will you take this parcel to the post office tomorrow morning, please?
B: I’m sorry, but I’m not going anywhere near the post office.
Practice 3
1)
A: Would you like me to get you some medicine or something from the chemist’s?
B: Oh, yes, please do. / Oh, would you, thank you. I’d be very grateful.
2)
A: Shall I help you with that luggage?
B: No, thank you. I can manage. It’s not very heavy.
3)
A: Shall I buy you some bread while I’m shopping?
B: Yes, please. That’s very kind of you. Thanks a lot.
4)
A: Do you want me to cook the dinner tonight?
B: No, there’s no need. I feel much better now. But thank you all the same.
GUIDED WRITING
I.
1．b
2．a
3．c
4．b
5．a
II.
1．In spite of this/All the same
2．As a result
3．Nevertheless
4．but
5．All the same
III.
INTERACTION ACTIVITES
Workbook
LANGUAGE STRUCTURES
A.
1．b
2．f
3．e
4．a
5．d
6．c
B.
1．I had been studying English for 10 years.
2．Not, I hadn’t. Sometimes we used English, and sometimes Chinese.
3．I had been reading aloud for one hour before I had my breakfast.
4．I was getting dressed when the first bell rang this morning.
5．The gas stove stopped giving off gas.
6．The lawn in front of our classroom building (was) flooded.
DIALOGUE I
Jack: Yesterday I went to see a pingpong match. I understand that you all like playing pingpong.
Zhen: Yes. Lots of us can play it.
Jack: I’m sorry I can’t play pingpong at all. I wonder if you could coach me one of these days.
Zhen: With pleasure, just name the day.
Jack: You know, I tried it the other day, and I found that it was difficult to hit back the ball in the proper way.
Zhen: Of course you would firm it difficult. At the beginning, you must be careful with every movement.
Jack: I thought it was easy to play, but this wasn’t the case at all!
Zhen: Then how did you feel after your first try?
Jack: I felt frustrated!
Zhen: It was absolutely unnecessary. I used to be very clumsy, but I’m a fairly good player now.
Jack: Good! Then you’ll be my coach.
DIALOGUE
1．A: Could you type these letters by tomorrow afternoon?
B: I’m sorry I can’t. I have too much work to do already.
2．A: I wonder if you could baby-sit for me tonight.
B: Sorry I can’t, I’m afraid. I’m going to the cinema.
3．A: Could you play in the basketball learn next Saturday?
B: I’m sorry I can’t, because my back is still very painful.
4．A: Would you mind cleaning the windows for me?
B: I’m sorry but I’m afraid of heights.
5．A: Would you mind working overtime next weekend?
B: I’m sorry, I can’t. I’m going on holiday with my family on Saturday,
READING I
1．D
2．B
3．C
4．B
5．A
READING II
The Olympic Games are an international competition. The first, Olympics were held in Greece in the sixth century B.C. There was only one contest—a short race and other events were added later. The ancient games were stopped in the fourth century A. D. when Greece was ruled by Rome. The competition in modem times stinted in Athens in 1896. The International Olympic Committee makes strict roles for athletes to make sure that each one has the same chance to win. The games are of different types. The individual contests include swimming, running, skiing, jumping, gymnastics, and diving. The second group of games are played by 3 or 4 athletes each. The contests are usually Paces, for example, relay races in running, swimming and skiing. The third group of games are learn games, for example, basketball, volleyball and soccer. Winning in the Olympics is considered as a great achievement and a great honor as well.
GUIDED WRITING
I.
1．as
2．While
3．when
4．Soon
5．Though
II. Reference version:
COMPREHENSIVE EXERCISES
I. Spelling
1．outrageous
2．athlete
3．nickname
4．participate
5．rugby
6．enthusiasm
7．opponent
8．reputation
9．jersey
10．intellectual
11．promising
12．coach
II. Dictation
A. Ever since the modem Olympic Gaines began in 1896, they’ve had their critics. Every form of competitive activity attracts trouble. But part of the aim of the Games, when they were first held in Ancient Greece, was to discourage war between stales by engaging them in a friendlier kind of competition.
The spirit of competition in the Games does a lot of good, getting people to forget their differences in a communal activity. Any competitor or spectator at the Games or in the Olympic Village will tell you that the atmosphere of friendship there is unforgettable, as if the world were one big family.
These Games are the biggest international gathering of any kind in the world. Not only do they bring sportsmen together, but they unite a world public. Isn’t this a sufficient reason for continuing them? As long As the majority wants it, these Games will continue.
B. Association football, also known as soccer, is an 11-a-side team game played on a grass field. At each end of the field is a goal net. The object is to move the ball around the field, with the feet or head, until a player is in a position to put the ball into the knot and score a goal. The goalkeeper defends the goal, and he is the only person allowed to ranch the ball with his hands while it is in play. The ancient Greeks, Chinese, Egyptians and Romans all played a form of football. In the early 19th century it became an organized game in Britain, and was played in most universities and public schools. In 1863 the Football Association was formed. The first FA Cup final was played in 1872. The first World Cup was organized in Uruguay in 1930. The European Governing body, the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA), was formed in 1954, and it controls the major European club competitions.
III. Listening Comprehension
1．F (The first modern Olympic Gaines were held at the end of the 19th century.)
2．F (Athens is the capital of Greece. The Acropolis is a hill in Athens.)
3．F (The Parthenon is now in ruins, though people can see from the ruins that the temple used to be perfect in design and proportions.)
4．T
5．F (Nick thought the soldiers ought not to have used the temple as a storehouse for ammunition.)
6．F (Nick felt sad about the death of the great Greek philosopher. But many of Socrates’s ideas still live today, and so probably Socrates himself would have been happy to know this.)
7．F (Nick would stay in Athens for a whole year, so he would be able to see many other places there.)
8．F (Nick’s aunt and uncle lived in Athens, and Nick most probably went them to study.)
试读结束[说明：试读内容隐藏了图片]