作者：金利
出版社：西安交通大学出版社
格式: AZW3, DOCX, EPUB, MOBI, PDF, TXT
专八听力特训试读：
前言
Preface如何抓住小讲座的逻辑结构，如何做好Note-taking？
如何进行听前预测？放录音时应该如何来听？
如何把握对话的中心议题？如何处理众多的细节信息？
如何提高新闻听力水平？遇到生词、长句该如何应对？
……
这一个个疑问都是编者在进行英语专业教学和研究的过程中最常听到的问题，很多专八考生常常在备考时倍感挫折，甚至有放弃听力拿高分的念头。然而，听力部分在专八考试中一直处于非常重要的地位，更是决定分数高低的关键所在，所以不可轻言放弃。近年来，专八听力无论是听力材料还是试题在难度上都有所增加，因此如何在新趋势下有效提高听力水平是考生们应该关注的问题。
本书根据编者多年来对英语专业八级考试的研究精心策划和编写。全书紧扣最新考试大纲，深入剖析专八听力考试的特点、难点，将以全新的视角和理念带你进入全新的专八备考模式：真题自测知识探底，考试大纲全面解读
真题自测+点评，掌握考试动态，知晓薄弱环节
本书在第一章安排了一套专业八级考试听力真题，供考生进行自我测试。考生可以在了解真题的基础上，知晓自己的水平，以便更好、更有针对性地使用本书。在真题点评部分，编者对听力各题型的特点分别进行了全面、细致的分析。其中，对小讲座进行了结构分析，补充了供考生参考和学习的听力笔记，教会考生一套正确的记笔记的方法；对长对话和新闻题型，编者分别从听前预测、摘要、考点和解析四个方面进行了全面分析，可以帮助考生对真题有更加深入的了解。
测试要求、测试形式、选材原则大公开，知己知彼，百战百胜
本书着眼于大纲，为考生解读专八听力的要求与选材原则，并将专八听力和专四听力的题型、难度进行了对比，使考生能更加清晰地了解考试要求和试题难度，及早从容准备，以强大的实力赢得听力大战！题型特征各个击破，答题技巧贴心点拨
采用大量表格、数据和真题实例，透析各听力题型的题材和设题特点
本书分别对小讲座、长对话和新闻三种题型的题材和题目设置进行了深入剖析。在题材方面，书中大多采用表格的形式展现听力材料的主题、体裁、结构、用词、用句等突出特点；用大量数据说明主题、体裁等的分布比例，列举大量真题实例加深考生对各题型特点的理解。在设题方面，书中以真题实例为依据，全面揭秘出题点，使考生在听录音时不再盲目，而是知道抓住重点内容去听。编者通过精心的编排，使得原本枯燥的理论不再乏味，同时力求做到语言清晰、简洁，分析精准、透彻，帮助考生在最短的时间内全面掌握听力各题型的选材和设题特点。
结合临场实际，点拨听前预测和听音技巧
书中根据每种题型的不同特点，为考生精心编排了临场答题技巧。小讲座部分重点介绍了如何才能有效地记笔记，而长对话和新闻部分则为考生讲解了如何进行听前预测、听音时如何带着问题去听等实用答题技巧，语言简洁、贴心，技巧简单、实用，相信一定能为考生带来事半功倍的效果。专项真题即讲即练，全真模拟实战演练
书中在针对每种题型进行理论讲解后都为考生准备了历年真题专项训练，使得考生在掌握了一个题型的题材特征、设题特点及答题技巧之后，能够马上通过练习真题，强化刚刚学到的答题技巧，加深对该题型的理解。另外，本书最后还为考生精心编制了8套全真模拟题，其听力材料的题材和题目的设置完全贴合大纲要求，难度适中，做到了绝对的高仿真。所有真题和模拟试题都配有点评和解析，帮助考生解决复习中遇到的具体难点和困惑。
不可否认，英文实力是提升考场竞争力的关键因素，而听力实力则是提升专八考试分数的基础和保证。我们精心打造这本书的目的，就是让所有考生都能在最短的时间里，迅速掌握听力技巧，结合充分的练习提升应试能力。
最后预祝各位即将参加英语专业八级考试的考生马到成功！编者第一章真题自测与大纲解读第一节真题自测SECTION A MINI-LECTURE
In this section you will hear a MINI-LECTURE.You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY.While listening,take notes on the important points.Your notes will not be marked,but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the MINI-LECTURE.When the lecture is over,you will be given two minutes to check your notes,and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE,using no more than three words in each gap.Make sure the word（s）you fill in is（are）both grammatically and semantically acceptable.You may refer to your notes while completing the task.Use the blank sheet for note-taking.
Now,listen to the MINI-LECTURE.How to Reduce Stress
Life is full of things that cause us stress.Though we may not like stress,we have to live with it.
I.Definition of stress
A.（1）________reaction
i.e.force exerted between two touching bodies
B.human reaction
i.e.response to（2）________on someone
e.g.increase in breathing,heart rate,（3）________,or muscle tension
II.（4）________
A.positive stress
where it occurs:Christmas,wedding,（5）________
B.negative stress
where it occurs:tes-taking situations,friend's death
III.Ways to cope with stress
A.recognition of stress signals
—monitor for（6）________of stress
—find ways to protect oneself
B.attention to body demand
—effect of（7）________
C.planning and acting appropriately
reason for planning
—（8）________of planning
D.learning to（9）________
—e.g.delay caused by traffic
E.pacing activities
—manageable task
—（10）________SECTION B INTERVIEW
In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview.At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.
Now listen to the interview between Oscar-winning actress Angelina Jolie and CNN's Andrew Damen.
1.What is the main purpose of Angelina's visit to Iraq?
A.To draw attention to the refugee crisis.
B.To look after refugees in Iraq.
C.To work for U.N.H.C.R.
D.To work out a plan for refugees.
2.From the interview we know that Angelina______.
A.was strongly opposed to officials' opinions
B.thought young kids should be given priority
C.was much worried about the lack of action
D.proposed that policies be made promptly
3.Which of the following BEST explains what the global community should do?
A.To supervise the construction of schools.
B.To take prompt and effective actions.
C.To provide water and power supply.
D.To prevent instability and aggression.
4.According to Angelina,what is the key issue in solving the refugee problem?
A.The current situation in Iraq.
B.The politics in the Middle East.
C.Refugees returning to normal life.
D.International and domestic efforts.
5.Angelina saw her trip to Iraq significant because she could______.
A.help others know where the problems were
B.help bring NGOs back to the region
C.talk to different people there
D.read the official papersSECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
Question 6 is based on the following news.At the end of the news item,you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.
Now listen to the news.
6.What is the main idea of the news item?
A.Alitalia's attempt to help Wind Jet out.
B.Cancellation of flights at Rome Airport.
C.Problems caused by Wind Jet's cash shortage.
D.Expected changes of Wind Jet's flight destinations.
Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news.At the end of the news item,you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.
Now listen to the news.
7.What did the researchers discover in northern Kenya?
A.A human tooth.
B.A human skull.
C.Three species of humans.
D.Three human fossils.
8.What was the significance of the discovery?
A.The findings were published in Nature.
B.It supported an existing assumption.
C.Most research questions were answered.
D.More research efforts were encouraged.
Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news.At the end of the news item,you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.
Now listen to the news.
9.The airport originally decided to cover up the poster because______.
A.some international travellers complained
B.the art exhibition was to be postponed
C.other artists' works were absent from ads
D.real-life models would appear on the scene
10.What was the reaction of the National Galleries of Scotland?
A.Horrified.
B.Indignant.
C.Surprised.
D.Outraged.第二节真题点评SECTION A MINI-LECTURE
结构提示
本篇讲座介绍了如何缓解压力，从压力的定义、压力的分类以及应对压力的方法三个方面展开论述，共分为三部分。
第一部分主要定义了什么是压力，从压力一词的来源说起，得出结论：压力是一种生理反应。
第二部分主要介绍了压力的分类：一类是积极的压力，一类是消极的压力。
第三部分详述了应对压力的五种方法。
最后就整个讲座的内容进行了总结——只要我们采取恰当的应对措施，缓解压力并不难。
试题详解
1.［答案］physical ［考点］本题的设题点在定义处。
［精析］根据题干处的标题Definition of stress可知，此处考查的是与压力的定义有关的信息，再根据题干中空格后的单词reaction“反应”，可推测空格处需填写形容词或者具有形容词词性的成分。讲座中提到了stress一词最早的来历：The term was originally used in physics to describe...，接着又补充说，当时这个词仅限于描述physical reaction“物理反应”，故得答案physical。
2.［答案］a demand（placed） ［考点］本题的设题点在解释说明处。
［精析］从题干处的标题human reaction可知，此处考查的内容与“人的反应”有关。空格前是response to，故可知空格处应填入名词性的成分。讲座中说Hans Selye首先用这个词描述了人类对某种要求的反应，即a human's reaction to a demand placed on it，故得答案a demand placed，其中，placed也可省略。
3.［答案］blood pressure ［考点］本题的设题点在列举处。
［精析］讲座中共列举出了人类在压力下的四种反应，题干给出了其中的三种，分别为breathing、heart rate和muscle tension，需要考生填出另外一种。根据前面的提示词increase in可知对应原文中的这句话：increased blood pressure,muscle tension and so on，故答案为blood pressure。
4.［答案］Category或Categories ［考点］本题考查信息归纳。
［精析］出题处是小标题，需要考生对讲座第二部分论述的内容进行概括。这一部分承上启下，主要介绍了两种压力（negative stress和positive stress），可见最恰当的小标题应该是“压力的种类（Category）”，又由于是两种压力，因此填入Categories也可以，注意标题的首字母需大写。
5.［答案］a job ［考点］本题的设题点在列举处。
［精析］由题干中的小标题A.positive stress可知，此题考查的是会使人产生积极压力的三种情境。讲座中提到Things like Christmas or getting married可以导致积极压力的产生，紧接着又说Another example is that pressure in a job can give some people incentive to work and excitement，由此可知“工作”即是第三种情境，故得答案a job。
6.［答案］signals ［考点］本题的设题点在细节处。
［精析］自第6题起，题目开始考查与五种应对压力的方式有关的具体信息。此题涉及第一种方式：recognition of stress signals（识别压力信号）。识别的方法总共有两个，题目已给出了第二点“find ways to protect oneself（寻找保护自身的方式）”，考查的是第一点。根据monitor一词可联系录音中所提到的：individuals should monitor themselves for stress signals。由此可知，人们需要监控的是出现在自己身上的“压力信号”，故得答案signals，注意需使用复数形式。
7.［答案］stress或exercise and nutrition ［考点］本题的设题点在细节处。
［精析］阅读题干可知：应对压力的第二个关键点是attention to body demand，即“关注身体的需求”，本题考查的信息涉及effect，根据这一线索词可联系录音中所提到的：Most psychologists are finding that a good exercise program,good nutrition,decreases the amount of stress or the effect of stress on the body or in the mind.空格前为effect of，按照常理空格处应填写原文给出的词汇stress，但是effect of stress似乎不是这部分要表
达的重点，上下文是说：我们要关注身体的需求，许多心理学家发现良好的锻炼计划以及全面的营养可以缓解压力或者减轻压力对身心的影响，因此填exercise and nutrition（即“锻炼和营养的作用”）也说得通。故答案为stress或exercise and nutrition。
8.［答案］advantage或benefit ［考点］本题考查信息归纳。
［精析］此空涉及的是应对压力的第三个方法（planning and acting appropriately），即“合理地计划和行动”，讲座中分两步阐述了这一内容：①计划的原因；②计划的______。考生需根据讲座内容总结出答案。解答本题的线索在于下面这句：And often just the planning of the action helps to reduce the stress,because it reduces the worrying.即“计划本身就可以帮助缓解压力，因为这样做可以消除忧虑”，可见这里阐述的是做计划的优势或益处，故得答案advantage或benefit。
9.［答案］accept ［考点］本题的设题点在细节处。
［精析］阅读题干可知本题考查应对压力的第四个方法：学会______。解题线索位于But转折处：But the fourth plan or fourth idea says to learn to accept situations which are out of your control.即“要学会接受你无法掌控的情形”，接下来，讲话者列举了lateness caused by traffic的例子，这正是人们无法掌控、应该学会接受的情况之一，故本题答案为accept。
10.［答案］reasonable speed ［考点］本题的设题点在定义处。
［精析］本题考查应对压力的第五个方法pacing activities。讲座中提出，pace的意思就是按照一定的步调安排工作，具体需要做到：give yourself some manageable task to do at a reasonable speed，这句话包含了两个关键信息：manageable tasks（能实现的目标）和reasonable speed（合理的速度），题干中已给出前者，故答案为reasonable speed。SECTION B INTERVIEW
M:First of all,thank you obviously for your time,Angelina.You are now in Iraq,so what is your main aim in this visit—what are you trying to accomplish while you are out here?
W:Well,I came to the region about 6 months ago.I first went to Syria because I work with U.N.H.C.R.and there are 1.5 million refugees in Syria alone from Iraq and while I was there,I went inside and met with some internally displaced people.You know,these are the people made homeless because of the war.They are refugees.［1］And this trip is to get a better picture of the internally displaced people and to discuss the situation with the local government,with our government,with the NGOs and with local people,and try to understand what is happening,because there are over 2 million internally
displaced people and there doesn't seem to be a real coherent plan to help them［2］and there's lots of good will and lots of discussion—but just a lot of talk at the moment and a lot of pieces need to be put together.So,trying to figure out what they are.
M:What kind of a sense have you been able to get so far in terms of how severe the crisis is and what actually needs to be done to help out?
W:Well,I...in my research before I came here,I looked at the numbers and there are over 4 million people displaced and of the 2 million internally displaced it's estimated that 58 percent are under 12 years old.So it's a very high number of people in a very,very vulnerable situation and a lot of young kids.So far the different officials I've met with and different local people I've met with all have shared concerns and very strongly,you know,they have spoken out about the humanitarian crisis,but um,there seems to be a block in.I'm not good at policy and fixing all this and saying what's wrong,but I do know that,for example,U.N.H.C.R.needs to be more active inside Iraq.
M:How do you think U.N.H.C.R.should be doing?
W:Well,I don't have the answers,but I know that this is one thing that needs to be addressed and solved because there does need to be a real presence here to help count the people and register the people.
M:Do you think the global community has a responsibility to address that?
W:Well,I think the global community always has a responsibility to any humanitarian crisis.And I think it's in our best interests to address a humanitarian crisis on this scale,because displacement can lead to a lot of instability and aggression.We certainly don't want that.A lot of people feel it's a little calmer now...This is the time to really discuss and,and try to get these communities back together.［3］But if these communities don't start coming back together properly,if we don't start really counting the people...understanding where they are...what they need...making sure the schools are being built...making sure the electricity,the water and all these needs are being met and also understanding that a lot of the people that will return are going to come back to houses that are occupied or destroyed and bombed out.It's going to be a big operation to understand the needs...to address it to help people put the pieces of their life back together and return to their communities.So it's really just getting the plan together...getting the group together and everybody actively focused on helping the refugees.
M:What would be the message that you would want to carry out of here back home or even the message that you would want to get out internationally in terms of what's
happening here...the refugee crisis...the consequences that could happen in the future if it's not properly addressed?
W:I always hate speculation on the news,so I don't want to be somebody who speculates.Um,but I think it's clear that a displaced unstable population is what happens in Iraq,and how Iraq settles in the years to come is going to affect the entire Middle East.［4］And a big part of what is going to affect how it settles is how these people are returned and settled into their homes into their community and brought back together and whether they can live together and what their communities look like,so it does have broad implications.
M:On a personal level,why is this so important to you...you willing to come here and risk your life?
W:Uh,it was a very easy choice to make.I felt I had to come here because it is very difficult to get answers about especially the internally displaced people.It's as I said even U.N.H.C.R.who I traditionally work with—they are not able to be inside at the moment and so I was very frustrated and just getting a bunch of ideas and papers but not knowing what's really going on,［5］so today I'm able to talk to all different people from our government and their government and really get some answers as to what is holding up the processes to really assist these people properly.
M:Do you think that you in your position can try to push this process forward...put pressure perhaps on our government?
W:To put pressure on our government?
M:Yes,or to try to just put pressure in general,create awareness?
W:I certainly think creating awareness.I spoke to the officials from our government today about meeting our goal,and they still intend to reach that goal.You know,there are many different people who can be cynical or say,well,how are they going to do it,and I will ask them how are you going to do it and is there some way we can help to...,you know.
M:OK.Thank you Angelina for talking to us.
W:Pleasure.
听前预测
根据题干中出现的main purpose of Angelina's visit to Iraq、solving the refugee problem等词可以大致推断出对话可能就“安吉丽娜造访伊拉克，致力于解决难民问题”展开讨论。
对话摘要
对话中被采访者安吉丽娜·朱莉介绍了她来到伊拉克的原因以及她对难民问题的看法。朱莉为联合国难民事务高级专员公署（U.N.H.C.R）工作，她深入伊拉克，想要了解难民的真实情况和需求，她与美国政府和当地政府对话，试图形成一个综合性的方案以帮助难民们恢复正常的生活。
试题详解
1.［答案］D ［考点］本题的设题点在重要细节处。
［精析］题干问安吉丽娜来伊拉克的原因。在对话中，采访者明确向安吉丽娜提问了这一问题（...what is your main aim in this visit—what are you trying to accomplish...），对此她回答：this trip is to get a better picture of the internally displaced people...and try to understand what is happening,because there are over 2 million internally displaced people and there doesn't seem to be a real coherent plan to help them，其中的internally displaced people指的就是refugees“难民”；她之所以要了解情况，与当地政府、美国政府、非政府组织等对话，就是因为还没有一个计划来帮助难民解决他们的问题，因此选D。她的目的并不仅仅在于引发人们对难民危机的关注，而是要切实帮助他们，故A可以排除。B、C项明显不符合题意，皆可排除。
2.［答案］C ［考点］本题的设题点在转折处，考查对原文的推理判断。
［精析］对话中，安吉丽娜说and there's lots of good will and lots of discussion—but just a lot of talk at the moment and a lot of pieces need to be put together，可知目前有的仅仅是一些好的愿望和一些讨论，相应的行动还很少。C项was much worried about the lack of action符合原文意思。A项说安吉丽娜强烈反对官员的看法，而原文说的是the different officials I've met with...all have shared concerns，可见，官员也对难民问题表示担忧，所以A项错误。B项原文没有提及。D项错误，该项是说应尽快制定政策，而实际上，安吉丽娜认为各政府和社会团体应该更积极地行动，而不是制定政策，故选C。
3.［答案］B ［考点］本题的设题点在转折处，考查信息归纳。
［精析］对话中，安吉丽娜说，国际社会需要赶快团结在一起，了解难民的数量、所在地以及他们的需求，如建学校、通水电等等，可见她认为global community应尽快采取行动帮助难民。通过分析以上信息，可知最恰当的、最具概括性的答案为B项（采取快速有效的行动）。
4.［答案］C ［考点］本题的设题点在重要细节处。
［精析］题干问的是安吉丽娜认为解决难民问题的关键是什么，本题的解题线索是：a big part of what is going to affect how it settles is how these people are returned and settled into their homes into their community and brought back together and whether they
can live together and what their communities look like，即：解决难民问题的关键是这些人如何回到他们的家，融入他们的社区，重新生活在一起，换句话说，就是“回归正常的生活”，故选C。
5.［答案］A ［考点］本题的设题点在因果关系处。
［精析］题干问安吉丽娜认为她的伊拉克之行意义重大的原因。本题的解题线索来自于男士的提问：On a personal level,why is this so important to you...you willing to come here and risk your life?（你为什么认为这次来伊拉克对你很重要？你为什么愿意拿自己的生命来这里冒险？）由此可知接下来安吉丽娜的回答很可能就蕴含着本题的答案。安吉丽娜回答说：...I'm able to talk to all different people from our government and their government and really get some answers as to what is holding up the processes to really assist these people properly，即她可以跟许多人对话，真正找到阻碍难民援助工作进程的问题所在，注意与许多人对话是方式，最终的目的是找出问题，所以正确答案是A，同时应排除C。词汇笔记
Syria n.叙利亚
displaced people
难民refugee n.难民
NGO=non-governmental organization 非政府组织
coherent adj.（各部分之间）有序的，整体的
humanitarian adj.人道主义的
address vt.处理
aggression n.进攻，侵犯
speculation n.猜测SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
News Item 1
［6］An Italian cash-strapped budget airline,Wind Jet,has suspended all its flights,leaving hundreds of passengers stranded.
At Rome Airport,some 200 Israeli nationals—who had been due to fly to Tel Aviv—spent the night at the terminal.
Another five flights to destinations across Italy were cancelled as well.
Further chaos is expected as some 300,000 passengers across Italy have booked tickets with Wind Jet in coming weeks.
Alitalia—Italy's national airline—says it will help Wind Jet passengers to find alternative flights,but only on payment of supplements.
听前预测
根据本题的选项可知，新闻中的一大关键词是Wind Jet，具体可能涉及航班遇到的某种问题。重点是要听清楚航班出了什么情况，事情发生在哪。
新闻摘要
意大利一家票价低廉的航空公司Wind Jet由于资金短缺，停飞了其下属的所有航班，致使200名以色列旅客滞留罗马机场，该公司另外5趟飞往意大利各地的航班也停飞了。更糟糕的是，意大利各地有约30万人已经预订了接下来几周Wind Jet航空公司的航班。意大利国家航空公司已经答应帮助Wind Jet的乘客转乘其他航班，但前提是他们必须补足差价。
试题详解
6.［答案］B ［考点］本题考查新闻主旨。
［精析］题干问“这则新闻的主要内容是什么”，需要从新闻整体来把握。新闻中有3个重要的信息点：Wind Jet停飞了所有的航班；包括200名以色列人在内的许多乘客滞留罗马机场；另有5趟飞往意大利各地的航班也被取消。综合以上信息可知，新闻主要介绍的是罗马机场的航班取消情况，故选B。选项C最具迷惑性，新闻开头的确提到了Wind Jet取消航班的原因是缺乏资金，但只是为了引出新闻正文：罗马机场遭遇航班停飞及后续应对措施，整篇新闻报道都是围绕“罗马机场”、“航班取消”展开的，若要论述该公司资金短缺引发的问题则应不止这些细节，故排除C。
News Item 2
Researchers studying fossils from northern Kenya have identified a new species of human that lived two million years ago.
The discoveries suggest that at least three distinct species of humans co-existed in Africa.
The research has been published in the journal Nature.
［7］Anthropologists have discovered three human fossils that are between 1.78 and 1.95 million years old.The specimens are of a face and two jawbones with teeth.
［8］The discoveries back the view that a skull found in 1972 is of a separate species of human,known as Homo rudolfensis.The skull was markedly different to any others from that time.It had a relatively large brain and long flat face.
But for 40 years the skull was the only example of the creature and so it was impossible to say for sure whether the individual was an unusual specimen or a member of a new species.
With the discovery of the three new fossils researchers can say with more certainty that Homo rudolfensis really was a separate type of human that existed around two million years
ago alongside other species of humans.
听前预测
根据第7题题干可知，新闻中提到研究人员在肯尼亚北部发现了某种东西。再结合第7题的选项，可推测这个东西与人类、骨骼、化石等有关。根据第8题的题干和选项可知，这一发现具有重大的意义。在听新闻的过程中，需要着重听清在肯尼亚北部发现了什么东西，有何意义。
新闻摘要
研究人员在肯尼亚北部发现了200万年前的人类新物种。这项发现表明在非洲至少同时存在着三个人类物种。研究人员在1972年曾发现一具头骨（名为“卢多尔夫智人”），但40年以来，这具头骨作为这个人种的唯一证据不足以说明该人种的存在。现在，通过这新发现的三块人类化石，科学家可以更加确定地说卢多尔夫智人就是一个独立的人种。
试题详解
7.［答案］D ［考点］本题的设题点在数字信息处，考查新闻重要细节。
［精析］新闻开头首先给出了结论：在肯尼亚北部研究化石的科学家发现了一个新的人类物种。紧接着，新闻介绍了这项发现的具体情况：人类学家发现了三块距今178~195万年的人类化石，其中有一块脸部骨骼，两块带牙齿的颚骨。可知本题的答案是D“三块人类化石”。A、B选项说化石是“一颗牙齿”或“一块头骨”，与新闻介绍的不符；C选项“三个人种”是利用文中出现的其他信息设置的干扰项。
8.［答案］B ［考点］本题的设题点在年代处，考查新闻中的一个观点。
［精析］本题的出题点与第7题很近，考查考生在短时间内抓住重要信息的能力。新闻中说：这项发现为一个观点提供了支持，那就是：在1972年发现的一具头骨属于一个独立的人种，40年来，这具头骨作为这个人种的唯一证据，一直不足以说明该人种的存在。换言之，研究人员的最新发现证实了一个已有的假设，故选B。
News Item 3
Picasso's “Nude Woman in a Red Armchair"was covered up at the Edinburgh Airport.The Airport has reversed its decision to cover up a poster featuring a Picasso nude following complaints.
The poster was advertising the “Picasso and Modern British Art Exhibition"at the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art.
However,［9］the airport decided to cover the image after several complaints from passengers in international arrivals.
［10］After gallery chiefs branded the move “bizarre”,the airport has backed down and removed the cover.
John Leighton,director-general of the National Galleries of Scotland,said:“It is obviously bizarre that all kinds of images of women in various states of dress and undress can be used in contemporary advertising without comment,but somehow a painted nude by one of
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